1
|
Yifu P. A review of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine in addressing polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2381498. [PMID: 39039898 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2381498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a compound known for its cysteine and glutathione precursor properties, has been used in therapeutic applications for many years. Recently, there has been increasing interest in exploring the potential benefits of NAC in addressing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the exact mechanisms underlying NAC's therapeutic and clinical uses remain not fully understood. This review aims to specifically investigate how NAC offers protection against PCOS. This involved an extensive systematic review of the literature, and it made use of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. By analyzing key findings from over 100 research papers, the potential mechanisms through which NAC produces its effects were explored and summarized. Most studies suggest that NAC, whether used on its own or in combination with other medications, has the potential to counteract oxidative stress, utilize its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, and offer benefits in managing PCOS. Moreover, NAC might have the potential to influence specific signaling pathways in insulin target cells and β cells. Diverse biological effects of NAC indicate its potential usefulness as a supplementary or therapeutic approach for managing PCOS. As a result, additional research is required to explore its potential in addressing PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Yifu
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Velumani K, John A, Shaik MR, Hussain SA, Guru A, Issac PK. Exploring sesquiterpene lactone as a dual therapeutic agent for diabetes and oxidative stress: insights into PI3K/AKT modulation. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:205. [PMID: 39170770 PMCID: PMC11333395 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic mellitus (DM) is characterized by hyperglycaemia and defective macromolecular metabolism, arising from insulin resistance or lack of insulin production. The present study investigates the potential of artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia annua, to exert anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects through modulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signalling pathway. Our computational analyses demonstrated a high binding affinity of artemisinin with proteins belonging to the PI3K/AKT signalling cascade. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase studies revealed a notable increase in inhibition percentages with artemisinin treatment across concentrations ranging from 10 to 160 µM. A similar significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of free radicals was observed for the in vitro anti-oxidant assays. Further, toxicological profiling of artemisinin in the in vivo zebrafish embryo-larvae model from 4 to 96 h post-fertilization (hpf) did not exhibit any harmful repercussions. In addition, gene expression investigations confirmed artemisinin's potential mechanism in modulating hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress through the regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Overall, our investigation suggests that artemisinin can be used as a therapeutic intervention for diabetes and oxidative stress, opening up opportunities for future investigation in clinical settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04050-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kadhirmathiyan Velumani
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602 105 India
| | - Arun John
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Department of Computational Biology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602 105 India
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh , 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaik Althaf Hussain
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box - 2454, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Issac
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602 105 India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Russell-Guzmán J, Américo-Da Silva L, Cadagan C, Maturana M, Palomero J, Estrada M, Barrientos G, Buvinic S, Hidalgo C, Llanos P. Activation of the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway disrupts insulin-dependent glucose uptake in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant obese mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:187-198. [PMID: 38897422 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and the activation of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome have been linked to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. In immune cells, the exacerbated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, by facilitating the interaction between thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) and NLRP3. However, the precise role of ROS/TXNIP-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation in skeletal muscle during obesity-induced insulin resistance remains undefined. Here, we induced insulin resistance in C57BL/6J mice by feeding them for 8 weeks with a high-fat diet (HFD) and explored whether the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway was involved in the induction of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle fibers from insulin-resistant mice exhibited increased oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde levels, and altered peroxiredoxin 2 dimerization. Additionally, these fibers displayed augmented activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, accompanied by heightened ROS-dependent proximity between TXNIP and NLRP3, which was abolished by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome with MCC950 or suppressing the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway with NAC restored insulin-dependent glucose uptake in muscle fibers from insulin-resistant mice. These findings provide insights into the mechanistic link between oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and obesity-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Russell-Guzmán
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile; Pedagogy in Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, 8910123, Chile
| | - Luan Américo-Da Silva
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Cynthia Cadagan
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Martín Maturana
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Jesús Palomero
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Manuel Estrada
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380000, Chile
| | - Genaro Barrientos
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380000, Chile; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Sonja Buvinic
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380000, Chile; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Department of Neurosciences and Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Paola Llanos
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun JL, Kim YJ, Cho W, Lim DS, Gwon HJ, Abd El-Aty AM, Nas MA, Jeong JH, Jung TW. Interleukin 38 improves insulin resistance in hyperlipidemic skeletal muscle cells via PPARδ/SIRT1-mediated suppression of STAT3 signaling and oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 722:150158. [PMID: 38795455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-38 (IL-38), a recently discovered member of the IL-1 family, has been shown to regulate inflammation and improve hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipid metabolism in individuals with obesity. However, its impact on insulin signaling in skeletal muscle cells and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In vitro obesity models were established using palmitate treatment, and Western blot analysis was performed to assess target proteins. Commercial kits were used to measure glucose uptake in cultured myocytes. Our study showed that IL-38 treatment alleviated the impairment of insulin signaling, including IRS-1 and Akt phosphorylation, and increased glucose uptake in palmitate-treated C2C12 myocytes. Increased levels of STAT3-mediated signaling and oxidative stress were observed in these cells following palmitate treatment, and these effects were reversed by IL-38 treatment. In addition, IL-38 treatment upregulated the expression of PPARδ, SIRT1 and antioxidants. Knockdown of PPARδ or SIRT1 using appropriate siRNAs abrogated the effects of IL-38 on insulin signaling, oxidative stress, and the STAT3-dependent pathway. These results suggest that IL-38 alleviates insulin resistance by inhibiting STAT3-mediated signaling and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle cells through PPARδ/SIRT1. This study provides fundamental evidence to support the potential use of IL-38 as a safe therapeutic agent for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaw Long Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Su Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Gwon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211-Giza, Egypt; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Akif Nas
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jin R, Chen A, Ye Y, Ren Y, Lu J, Xuan F, Zhou W. Effect of berberine combined with metformin on autophagy in polycystic ovary syndrome by regulating AMPK/AKT/mTOR pathway. Mol Reprod Dev 2024; 91:e23768. [PMID: 39155689 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The pathologic mechanism of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is related to increased autophagy of granulosa cells. Both berberine and metformin have been shown to improve PCOS, but whether the combination of berberine and metformin can better improve PCOS by inhibiting autophagy remains unclear. PCOS models were constructed by injecting dehydroepiandrosterone into rats, and berberine, metformin or berberine combined with metformin was administered to rats after modeling. Rats' body weight and ovarian weight were measured before and after modeling. Histopathological examination of ovarian tissue and estrous cycle analysis of rats were performed. Insulin resistance, hormone levels, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in PCOS rats were assessed. Expression of the AMPK/AKT/mTOR pathway and autophagy-related proteins was analyzed by Western blot assays. Granulosa cells were isolated from rat ovarian tissue and identified by immunofluorescence staining followed by transmission electron microscopy analysis. Berberine combined with metformin reduced the body weight and ovarian weight of PCOS rats, increased the number of primordial and primary follicles, decreased the number of secondary and atretic follicles, normalized the estrous cycle, and improved insulin resistance, androgen biosynthesis, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism disorders, and increased estrogen production. In addition, berberine combined with metformin reduced the number of autophagosomes in granulosa cells, which may be related to AMPK/AKT/mTOR pathway activation, decreased Beclin1 and LC3II/LC3I levels, and increased p62 expression. Berberine combined with metformin could inhibit autophagy by activating the AMPK/AKT/mTOR pathway in PCOS, indicating that berberine combined with metformin is a potential treatment strategy for PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Jin
- Department of Gynecology, Jiaojiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taizhou City, China
| | - Aixue Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Changxing People's Hospital of Chongming District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongju Ye
- Department of Gynaecology, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, China
| | - Yuefang Ren
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Jiali Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Feilan Xuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Weimei Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiaojiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taizhou City, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ellett MD, Rhoads RP, Hanigan MD, Corl BA, Perez-Hernandez G, Parsons CLM, Baumgard LH, Daniels KM. Relationships between gastrointestinal permeability, heat stress, and milk production in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:5190-5203. [PMID: 38428497 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is a global issue that decreases farm profits and compromises animal welfare. To distinguish between the direct and indirect effects of HS, 16 multiparous Holstein cows approximately 100 DIM were assigned to one of 2 treatments: pair fed to match HS cow intake, housed in thermoneutral conditions (PFTN, n = 8) or cyclical HS (n = 8). All cows were subjected to 2 experimental periods. Period 1 consisted of a 4 d thermoneutral period with ad libitum intake. During period 2 (P2), the HS cows were housed in cyclical HS conditions with a temperature-humidity index (THI) ranging from 76 to 80 and the PFTN cows were exposed to a constant THI of 64 for 4 d. Dry matter intake of the PFTN cows was intake matched to the HS cows. Milk yield, milk composition, rectal temperature, and respiration rate were recorded twice daily, blood was collected daily via a jugular catheter, and cows were fed twice daily. On d 3 of each period, Cr-EDTA and sucralose were orally administered and recovered via 24 h total urine collection to assess gastrointestinal permeability. All data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure in SAS. The daily data collected in P1 was averaged and used as a covariate if deemed significant in the model. Heat stress decreased voluntary feed intake by 35% and increased rectal temperature and respiration rate (38.4°C vs. 39.4°C and 40 vs. 71 respirations/min, respectively). Heat stress reduced DMI by 35%, which accounted for 66% of the decrease in milk yield. The yields, and not concentrations, of milk protein, fat, and other solids were lower in the HS cows on d 4 of P2. Milk urea nitrogen was higher and plasma urea nitrogen tended to be higher on d 3 and d 4 of HS. Glucose was 7% lower in the HS cows and insulin was 71% higher in the HS cows than the PFTN cows on d 4 of P2. No difference in lipopolysaccharide-binding protein was observed. Heat stress cows produced 7 L/d more urine than PFTN cows. No differences were detected in the urine concentration or percentage of the oral dose recovered for Cr-EDTA or sucralose. In conclusion, HS was responsible for 34% of the reduction of milk yield. The elevated MUN and the tendency for elevated plasma urea nitrogen indicate a whole-body shift in nitrogen metabolism. No differences in gastrointestinal permeability or lipopolysaccharide-binding protein were observed. These results indicate that, under the conditions of this experiment, activation of the immune system by gut-derived lipopolysaccharide was not responsible for the decreased milk yield observed during HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Ellett
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - R P Rhoads
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - M D Hanigan
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - B A Corl
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - G Perez-Hernandez
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - C L M Parsons
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - L H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - K M Daniels
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jiao YY, Song N, Fang XY, Lu XT, Sun N, Jin HX, Chen L, Huang XJ, Wen S, Wu ZT, Wang XP, Cheng TT, Yao GD, Song WY. YTHDF2 regulates MSS51 expression contributing to mitochondria dysfunction of granulosa cells in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 592:112292. [PMID: 38830447 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Granulosa cells (GCs) dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It is reported that YTH domain-containing family protein 2 (YTHDF2) is upregulated in mural GCs of PCOS patients. What effect does the differential expression of YTHDF2 have in PCOS patients? DESIGN Mural GCs and cumulus GCs from 15 patients with PCOS and 15 ovulatory controls and 4 cases of pathological sections in each group were collected. Real-time PCR, Western Blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence experiments were conducted to detect gene and protein expression. RNA immunoprecipitation assay was performed to evaluate the binding relationship between YTHDF2 and MSS51. Mitochondrial morphology, cellular ATP and ROS levels and glycolysis-related gene expression were detected after YTHDF2 overexpression or MSS51 inhibition. RESULTS In the present study, we found that YTHDF2 was upregulated in GCs of PCOS patients while MSS51 was downregulated. YTHDF2 protein can bind to MSS51 mRNA and affect MSS51 expression. The reduction of MSS51 expression or the increase in YTHDF2 expression can lead to mitochondrial damage, reduced ATP levels, increased ROS levels and reduced expression of LDHA, PFKP and PKM. CONCLUSIONS YTHDF2 may regulate the expression of MSS51, affecting the structure and function of mitochondria in GCs and interfering with cellular glycolysis, which may disturb the normal biological processes of GCs and follicle development in PCOS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Jiao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Ning Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xing-Yu Fang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xiao-Tong Lu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Ning Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Hai-Xia Jin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xian-Ju Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Shuang Wen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Zhao-Ting Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xiao-Peng Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Cheng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Gui-Dong Yao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Wen-Yan Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bahreiny SS, Ahangarpour A, Saki N, Dabbagh MR, Ebrahimi R, Mahdizade AH, Ghorbani H, Aghaei M. Association of Free Radical Product and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1486-1495. [PMID: 38212583 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that primarily affects women of reproductive age. It is recognized as the leading cause of infertility due to anovulation. This research aims to evaluate the diagnostic potential of oxidative stress biomarkers, including advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), uric acid (UA), and nitric oxide (NO), in identifying PCOS. METHODS A literature search was conducted in the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to assess the correlation between free radical product and PCOS. Moreover, the presence of heterogeneity among the studies was assessed utilizing the I2 statistic and Cochran Q test. The methodological rigor of the incorporated studies was assessed through the application of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Furthermore, the presence of publication bias was determined via Begg and Egger tests. RESULTS This meta-analysis reviewed 38 observational studies, including 17,845 women. The results revealed a significant association between PCOS in women and alterations in free radical levels. The study revealed that the PCOS group had significantly higher levels of AOPP (SMD = 3.193; 95% CI, 2.86 to 3.25), UA (SMD = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.13), and MDA (SMD = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.56) compared to the healthy control group. Furthermore, the analysis found a significantly lower level of NO (SMD = (- 0.59); 95% CI, - 1.15 to - 0.03) in the PCOS patient. CONCLUSION Screening of specific biomarkers associated with free radical products could provide valuable benefits in the prognosis and diagnosis of PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Dabbagh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Ebrahimi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahdizade
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghorbani
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang L, Yang S, Ma X, Yang L, Ma J, Zhao X, Zhang Q. Bibliometric and visual analysis on oxidative stress in gynecological and reproductive diseases: A systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37815. [PMID: 38608064 PMCID: PMC11018168 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The imbalance between the generation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is defined as oxidative stress (OS). Elevated levels of OS are implicated in various diseases, especially in gynecological and reproductive disorders. The abundance of recent literature makes it challenging to assimilate all available information. This bibliometric analysis seeks to depict the research landscape of OS in gynecological and reproductive diseases and to identify future hotspots and trends. METHODS The Web of Science Core Collection served as the source for articles related to OS in gynecological and reproductive diseases. CtieSpace and VOSviewer software were utilized to analyzed countries/regions, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords of all eligible articles. RESULTS A total of 1423 articles were included. There was a gradual increase in the number of publications in this field. The USA maintained the highest number of publications, with 372 articles. Cleveland Clinic was the leading institution in terms of publication volume, contributing 67 articles. In total, 6925 authors were identified. Agarwal A as the most frequently co-cited author, received 812 citations across 43 publications. The predominant clusters included "placenta," "polycystic ovary syndrome," "male infertility," and "oocyte quality." Notably, "oocyte quality'" was identified as a current key research topic. CONCLUSION There was an uptrend in the number of articles addressing OS in gynecological and reproductive diseases. However, international collaboration and exchange were limited. The topic of male infertility had remained a consistent area of interest, and research on oocyte quality is poised to become a potential focal point in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sichen Yang
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Ma
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhao
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu H, Fang X, Ma Q, Wang M, Hao X, Wang G. Research hotspots of polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenism from 2008 to 2022: bibliometric analysis. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2326102. [PMID: 38654639 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2326102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disorder in female adults, and hyperandrogenism (HA) is the typical endocrine feature of PCOS. This study aims to investigate the trends and hotspots in the study of PCOS and HA. METHODS Literature on Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from 2008 to 2022 was retrieved, and bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. RESULTS A total of 2,404 papers were published in 575 journals by 10,121 authors from 2,434 institutions in 86 countries. The number of publications in this field is generally on the rise yearly. The US, China and Italy contributed almost half of the publications. Monash University had the highest number of publications, while the University of Adelaide had the highest average citations and the Karolinska Institute had the strongest cooperation with other institutions. Lergo RS contributed the most to the field of PCOS and HA. The research on PCOS and HA mainly focused on complications, adipose tissue, inflammation, granulosa cells, gene and receptor expression. CONCLUSION Different countries, institutions, and authors should facilitate cooperation and exchanges. This study will be helpful for better understanding the frontiers and hotspots in the areas of PCOS and HA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoting Fang
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qianru Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mina Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
| | - Xiufang Hao
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang K, Li Y. Signaling pathways and targeted therapeutic strategies for polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1191759. [PMID: 37929034 PMCID: PMC10622806 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1191759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Although promising strides have been made in the field of PCOS over the past decades, the distinct etiologies of this syndrome are not fully elucidated. Prenatal factors, genetic variation, epigenetic mechanisms, unhealthy lifestyles, and environmental toxins all contribute to the development of this intricate and highly heterogeneous metabolic, endocrine, reproductive, and psychological disorder. Moreover, interactions between androgen excess, insulin resistance, disruption to the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis, and obesity only make for a more complex picture. In this review, we investigate and summarize the related molecular mechanisms underlying PCOS pathogenesis from the perspective of the level of signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, TGF-β/Smads, Wnt/β-catenin, and Hippo/YAP. Additionally, this review provides an overview of prospective therapies, such as exosome therapy, gene therapy, and drugs based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and natural compounds. By targeting these aberrant pathways, these interventions primarily alleviate inflammation, insulin resistance, androgen excess, and ovarian fibrosis, which are typical symptoms of PCOS. Overall, we hope that this paper will pave the way for better understanding and management of PCOS in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xie Y, Chen S, Guo Z, Tian Y, Hong X, Feng P, Xie Q, Yu Q. Down-regulation of Lon protease 1 lysine crotonylation aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e396. [PMID: 37817894 PMCID: PMC10560969 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent reproductive endocrine disorder, with metabolic abnormalities and ovulation disorders. The post-translational modifications (PTMs) are functionally relevant and strengthen the link between metabolism and cellular functions. Lysine crotonylation is a newly identified PTM, the function of which in PCOS has not yet been reported. To explore the molecular mechanisms of crotonylation involved in the abnormalities of metabolic homeostasis and oocyte maturation in PCOS, by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, we constructed a comprehensive map of crotonylation modifications in ovarian tissue of PCOS-like mouse model established by dehydroepiandrosterone induction. The crotonylation levels of proteins involved in metabolic processes were significantly decreased in PCOS ovaries compared to control samples. Further investigation showed that decrotonylation of Lon protease 1 (LONP1) at lysine 390 was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in PCOS. Moreover, LONP1 crotonylation levels in PCOS were correlated with ovarian tissue oxidative stress levels, androgen levels, and oocyte development. Consistently, down-regulation of LONP1 and LONP1 crotonylation levels were also observed in the blood samples of PCOS patients. Collectively, our study revealed a mechanism by which the decrotonylation of LONP1 may attenuate its activity and alter follicular microenvironment to affect oocyte maturation in PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNational Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegePeking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus)BeijingChina
| | - Shuwen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNational Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegePeking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus)BeijingChina
| | - Zaixin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNational Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegePeking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus)BeijingChina
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNational Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegePeking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus)BeijingChina
| | - Xinyu Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNational Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegePeking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus)BeijingChina
| | - Penghui Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNational Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegePeking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus)BeijingChina
| | - Qiu Xie
- Department of Medical Research CenterState Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNational Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegePeking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus)BeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yifu P. Evidence for causal effects of polycystic ovary syndrome on oxidative stress: a two-sample mendelian randomisation study. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:141. [PMID: 37337194 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is often accompanied by increased oxidative stress levels; however, it is still unclear whether PCOS itself is causally related to oxidative stress (OS), whether OS can increase the occurrence of PCOS, and which characteristics of PCOS increase OS levels. Therefore, this study explored the causal relationship between PCOS, its characteristics, and OS. METHODS Two-sample bidirectional and two-sample Mendelian randomisation studies were performed based on publicly available statistics from genome-wide association studies. PCOS; its characteristics, such as testosterone, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein; and 11 major OS markers (superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, uric acid, zinc, tocopherol, ascorbic acid, retinol, albumin, and total bilirubin), were studied. The main analytical method used was inverse variance weighting (IVW). Pleiotropy was evaluated using the Mendelian randomisation-Egger intercept. Q and P values were used to assess heterogeneity. RESULTS There was no causal relationship between PCOS and the OS indices (all P > 0.05). There was a causal relationship between the OS index, ascorbate level, and PCOS (IVW, odds ratio: 2.112, 95% confidence interval: 1.257-3.549, P = 0.005). In addition, there was a causal relationship between testosterone, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, sex hormone-binding globulin, body mass index, triacylglycerol, age at menarche, and most OS indices according to the IVW method. The F statistics showed that there was no weak instrumental variable. A sensitivity analysis was performed using the leave-one-out method. No pleiotropy was observed. The results were robust, and the conclusions were reliable. CONCLUSIONS This study showed for the first time that there was no causal relationship between PCOS and OS. However, there was a causal relationship between the OS index, ascorbate level, and PCOS. It revealed that PCOS itself could not increase OS, and the increase in OS in PCOS was related to other potential factors, such as testosterone, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, sex hormone-binding globulin, body mass index, triacylglycerol, and age at menarche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Yifu
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mićić B, Djordjevic A, Veličković N, Kovačević S, Martić T, Macut D, Vojnović Milutinović D. AMPK Activation as a Protective Mechanism to Restrain Oxidative Stress in the Insulin-Resistant State in Skeletal Muscle of Rat Model of PCOS Subjected to Postnatal Overfeeding. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1586. [PMID: 37371678 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, often associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Childhood obesity is an important predisposing factor for the development of PCOS later in life. Being particularly interested in the interplay between prepubertal obesity and hyperandrogenemia, we investigated the effects of early postnatal overfeeding, accomplished by reducing litter size during the period of suckling, on energy sensing and insulin signaling pathways in the gastrocnemius muscle of a rat model of PCOS-induced by 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The combination of overfeeding and DHT treatment caused hyperinsulinemia and decreased systemic insulin sensitivity. Early postnatal overfeeding induced defects at critical nodes of the insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle, which was associated with reduced glucose uptake in the presence of hyperandrogenemia. In this setting, under a combination of overfeeding and DHT treatment, skeletal muscle switched to mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids, resulting in oxidative stress and inflammation that stimulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and its downstream targets involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant protection. Overall, a combination of overfeeding and hyperandrogenemia resulted in a prooxidative and insulin-resistant state in skeletal muscle. This was accompanied by the activation of AMPK, which could represent a potential therapeutic target in insulin-resistant PCOS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Mićić
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Djordjevic
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Veličković
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Kovačević
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Teodora Martić
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djuro Macut
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Doktora Subotića 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Vojnović Milutinović
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liang J, Gao Y, Feng Z, Zhang B, Na Z, Li D. Reactive oxygen species and ovarian diseases: Antioxidant strategies. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102659. [PMID: 36917900 PMCID: PMC10023995 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mainly produced in mitochondria and are involved in various physiological activities of the ovary through signaling and are critical for regulating the ovarian cycle. Notably, the imbalance between ROS generation and the antioxidant defense system contributes to the development of ovarian diseases. These contradictory effects have critical implications for potential antioxidant strategies that aim to scavenge excessive ROS. However, much remains to be learned about how ROS causes various ovarian diseases to the application of antioxidant therapy for ovarian diseases. Here, we review the mechanisms of ROS generation and maintenance of homeostasis in the ovary and its associated physiological effects. Additionally, we have highlighted the pathological mechanisms of ROS in ovarian diseases and potential antioxidant strategies for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yingzhuo Gao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ziyi Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhijing Na
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Da Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Diseases and Fertility Remodeling of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|