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Sun L, Zhang S, Yu Z, Zheng X, Liang S, Ren H, Qi X. Transcription-Associated Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Fruit Ripening during the Development of Chinese Bayberry. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8654. [PMID: 39201345 PMCID: PMC11355050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The ripening process of Chinese bayberries (Myrica rubra) is intricate, involving a multitude of molecular interactions. Here, we integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis across three developmental stages of the Myrica rubra (M. rubra) to elucidate these processes. A differential gene expression analysis categorized the genes into four distinct groups based on their expression patterns. Gene ontology and pathway analyses highlighted processes such as cellular and metabolic processes, including protein and sucrose metabolism. A metabolomic analysis revealed significant variations in metabolite profiles, underscoring the dynamic interplay between genes and metabolites during ripening. Flavonoid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism were identified as key pathways, with specific genes and metabolites playing crucial roles. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms governing fruit ripening in M. rubra and offer potential targets for breeding strategies aimed at enhancing fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Institute of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (L.S.); (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Institute of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (L.S.); (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Zheping Yu
- Institute of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (L.S.); (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Xiliang Zheng
- Institute of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (L.S.); (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Senmiao Liang
- Institute of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (L.S.); (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Haiying Ren
- Institute of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (L.S.); (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Xingjiang Qi
- Institute of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (L.S.); (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (H.R.)
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
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Jiang S, An P, Xia C, Ma W, Zhao L, Liang T, Liu Q, Xu R, Huang D, Xia Z, Zou M. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the SUT Family from Three Species of Sapindaceae Revealed Their Role in the Accumulation of Sugars in Fruits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:95. [PMID: 38202403 PMCID: PMC10780545 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Sapindaceae is an economically important family of Sapindales and includes many fruit crops. The dominant transport and storage form of photoassimilates in higher plants is sucrose. Sucrose transporter proteins play an irreplaceable role in the loading, transportation, unloading, and distribution of sucrose. A few SUT (sugar transporter) family genes have been identified and characterized in various plant species. In this study, 15, 15, and 10 genes were identified in litchi, longan, and rambutan, respectively, via genome-wide screening. These genes were divided into four subgroups based on phylogenetics. Gene duplication analysis suggested these genes underwent potent purifying selection and tandem duplications during evolution. The expression levels of SlSut01 and SlSut08 were significantly increased in the fruits of Sapindaceae members. The homologs of these two genes in longan and rambutan were also highly expressed in the fruits. The expression pattern of SUTs in three organs of the two varieties was also explored. Subcellular colocalization experiments revealed that the proteins encoded by both genes were present in the plasma membrane. This report provides data for the functional study of SUTs in litchi and provides a basis for screening sugar accumulation-related genes in fruits of Sapindaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirong Jiang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Pengliang An
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Chengcai Xia
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Wanfeng Ma
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Long Zhao
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Tiyun Liang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Rui Xu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Dongyi Huang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xia
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Meiling Zou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (S.J.); (P.A.); (C.X.); (W.M.); (L.Z.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (R.X.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
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Fei YC, Cheng Q, Zhang H, Han C, Wang X, Li YF, Li SQ, Zhao XH. Maleic acid and malonic acid reduced the pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by inhibiting mycelial growth, sclerotia formation and virulence factors. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:45. [PMID: 37955738 PMCID: PMC10643788 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungus with broad distribution and host range. Bioactive compounds derived from plant extracts have been proven to be effective in controlling S. sclerotiorum. In this study, the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum was effectively inhibited by maleic acid, malonic acid, and their combination at a concentration of 2 mg/mL, with respective inhibition rates of 32.5%, 9.98%, and 67.6%. The treatment of detached leaves with the two acids resulted in a decrease in lesion diameters. Interestingly, maleic acid and malonic acid decreased the number of sclerotia while simultaneously increasing their weight. The two acids also disrupted the cell structure of sclerotia, leading to sheet-like electron-thin regions. On a molecular level, maleic acid reduced oxalic acid secretion, upregulated the expression of Ss-Odc2 and downregulated CWDE10, Ss-Bi1 and Ss-Ggt1. Differently, malonic acid downregulated CWDE2 and Ss-Odc1. These findings verified that maleic acid and malonic acid could effectively inhibit S. sclerotiorum, providing promising evidence for the development of an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology / College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Fujian Universities and Colleges Engineering Research Center of Modern Facility Agriculture, Fuqing, 350300, China
| | - Qin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology / College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology / College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology / College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yan-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology / College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shi-Qian Li
- Fujian Universities and Colleges Engineering Research Center of Modern Facility Agriculture, Fuqing, 350300, China.
| | - Xiao-Hu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology / College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Pan F, Zhang Q, Zhu H, Li J, Wen Q. Transcriptome and Metabolome Provide Insights into Fruit Ripening of Cherry Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3505. [PMID: 37836245 PMCID: PMC10575466 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Insights into flavor formation during fruit ripening can guide the development of breeding strategies that balance consumer and producer needs. Cherry tomatoes possess a distinctive taste, yet research on quality formation is limited. Here, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted on different ripening stages. The results revealed differentially accumulated metabolites during fruit ripening, providing candidate metabolites related to flavor. Interestingly, several key flavor-related metabolites already reached a steady level at the mature green stage. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression levels of the majority of genes tended to stabilize after the pink stage. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that changes in metabolic and biosynthetic pathways were evident throughout the entire process of fruit ripening. Compared to disease resistance and fruit color genes, genes related to flavor and firmness may have a broader impact on the accumulation of metabolites. Furthermore, we discovered the interconversion patterns between glutamic acid and glutamine, as well as the biosynthesis patterns of flavonoids. These findings contribute to our understanding of fruit quality formation mechanisms and support breeding programs aimed at improving fruit quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qianrong Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haisheng Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Junming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingfang Wen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
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