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Bai Y, Li J, Huang M, Yan S, Li F, Xu J, Peng Z, Wang X, Ma J, Sun J, Yang B, Cui S. Prevalence and characterization of foodborne pathogens isolated from fresh-cut fruits and vegetables in Beijing, China. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 421:110804. [PMID: 38905809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Pre-cut fresh fruits and vegetables are highly appealing to consumers for their convenience, however, as they are highly susceptible to microbial contamination in processing, the potential risks of foodborne illnesses to public health are not negligible. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular characteristics of major foodborne pathogens (Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella) isolated from fresh-cut fruits and vegetables in Beijing, China. 86 stains were isolated from 326 samples, with S. aureus being the highest prevalence (15.38 %), followed by E. coli (9.23 %) and L. monocytogenes (1.85 %), while no Salmonella was detected. The prevalence by type of food indicated that fruit trays and mixed vegetables were more susceptible to contamination by pathogens. 98 % of S. aureus were resistant to at least of one antibiotic, and showed a high resistance rate to benzylpenicillin (90 %) and oxacillin (48 %). Among 25 E. coli isolates, 57.67 % of which exhibited multi-drug resistance, with common resist to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (66.67 %) and ampicillin (63.33 %). A total of 9 sequence types (STs) and 8 spa types were identified in 35 S. aureus isolates, with ST398-t34 being the predominant type (42.86 %). Additionally, analysis of 25 E. coli isolates demonstrated significant heterogeneity, characterized by 22 serotypes and 18 STs. Genomic analysis revealed that 5 and 44 distinct antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Seven quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) mutations were identified in E. coli isolates, of which GyrA (S83L) was the most frequently detected. All the S. aureus and E. coli isolates harbored virulence genes. ARGs in S. aureus and E. coli showed a significant positive correlation with plasmids. Furthermore, one L. monocytogenes isolate, which was ST101 and serogroupIIc from watermelon sample, harbored virulence genes (inlA and inlB) and LIPI-1 pathogenic islands (prfA, plcA, hly and actA), which posed potential risks for consumer's health. This study focused on the potential microbial risk of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables associated with foodborne diseases, improving the scientific understanding towards risk assessment related to ready-to-eat foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Bai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Minyi Huang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Hunan 417000, China; College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anhui 246133, China
| | - Shaofei Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Fengqin Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Jin Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Zixin Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Xueshuo Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinjing Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China; College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anhui 246133, China
| | - Jiali Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Baowei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology University, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Shenghui Cui
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China.
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Brown SRB, Bland R, McIntyre L, Shyng S, Weisberg AJ, Riutta ER, Chang JH, Kovacevic J. Genomic characterization of Listeria monocytogenes recovered from dairy facilities in British Columbia, Canada from 2007 to 2017. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1304734. [PMID: 38585707 PMCID: PMC10995413 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1304734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of concern in dairy processing facilities, with the potential to cause human illness and trigger regulatory actions if found in the product. Monitoring for Listeria spp. through environmental sampling is recommended to prevent establishment of these microorganisms in dairy processing environments, thereby reducing the risk of product contamination. To inform on L. monocytogenes diversity and transmission, we analyzed genome sequences of L. monocytogenes strains (n = 88) obtained through the British Columbia Dairy Inspection Program. Strains were recovered from five different dairy processing facilities over a 10 year period (2007-2017). Analysis of whole genome sequences (WGS) grouped the isolates into nine sequence types and 11 cgMLST types (CT). The majority of isolates (93%) belonged to lineage II. Within each CT, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences ranged from 0 to 237 between isolates. A highly similar (0-16 SNPs) cluster of over 60 isolates, collected over 9 years within one facility (#71), was identified suggesting a possible persistent population. Analyses of genome content revealed a low frequency of genes associated with stress tolerance, with the exception of widely disseminated cadmium resistance genes cadA1 and cadA2. The distribution of virulence genes and mutations within internalin genes varied across the isolates and facilities. Further studies are needed to elucidate their phenotypic effect on pathogenicity and stress response. These findings demonstrate the diversity of L. monocytogenes isolates across dairy facilities in the same region. Findings also showed the utility of using WGS to discern potential persistence events within a single facility over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Bland
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, United States
| | | | - Sion Shyng
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexandra J. Weisberg
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Elizabeth R. Riutta
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jeff H. Chang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jovana Kovacevic
- Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, United States
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Teber R, Asakawa S. In Silico Screening of Bacteriocin Gene Clusters within a Set of Marine Bacillota Genomes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2566. [PMID: 38473813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their potential application as an alternative to antibiotics, bacteriocins, which are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria, have received much attention in recent years. To identify bacteriocins within marine bacteria, most of the studies employed a culture-based method, which is more time-consuming than the in silico approach. For that, the aim of this study was to identify potential bacteriocin gene clusters and their potential producers in 51 marine Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) genomes, using BAGEL4, a bacteriocin genome mining tool. As a result, we found out that a majority of selected Bacillota (60.78%) are potential bacteriocin producers, and we identified 77 bacteriocin gene clusters, most of which belong to class I bacteriocins known as RiPPs (ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides). The identified putative bacteriocin gene clusters are an attractive target for further in vitro research, such as the production of bacteriocins using a heterologous expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeb Teber
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuichi Asakawa
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Signal Peptidome Research Laboratory, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Mohapatra RK, Mishra S, Tuglo LS, Sarangi AK, Kandi V, AL Ibrahim AA, Alsaif HA, Rabaan AA, Zahan MK. Recurring food source-based Listeria outbreaks in the United States: An unsolved puzzle of concern? Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1863. [PMID: 38317674 PMCID: PMC10839161 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Recurring Listeria outbreaks in the United States is a growing public healthcare concern. Although no associated reported death, 17 were hospitalized out of the 18 reported illnesses in the recent outbreak in 15 US states. The United States has experienced about 30 Listeria outbreaks in the last decade with 524 Listeriosis cases and 80 deaths. The identified origin were ice cream, leafy greens, mushroom, meat slice, dairy products like cheese, packaged salads, cooked chicken, hard-boiled egg, pork product, frozen vegetable, raw milk, packaged caramel apple, bean sprout and soya products. Although rare, Listeria may lead to serious illness (invasive listeriosis) or death. Listeriosis is critically harmful and medically complicated, especially in the pregnant, the old above 65 years and in the immunocompromised. It could cause premature birth, miscarriage or even neonatal death. Hospitalization is often necessary in the geriatric, being fatal at times. Among Listeria sp., Listeria monocytogenes is often human infection-associated. It is a gram-positive, non-sporulating, motile bacillus opportunistic pathogen. Food-borne listeriosis is often associated with frozen foods due to its ability to thrive at low temperatures. Hypervirulent strains of L. monocytogenes with an ability to infect the respiratory system (the lungs) was recently reported in the coronavirus disease-19 patients during the pandemic. L. monocytogenes seemed to have developed antimicrobial resistance to ciprofloxacin and meropenem, possibly acquired through the food chain. An early onset of listeriosis in the newborn is evident in the first 7 days postparturition. As the bacteria colonize the genitourinary tract, majority of such cases result from teratogenic transfer during vaginal delivery. Premature newborns, neonates born outside healthcare facilities and low-birth-weight babies were increasingly predisposed to an early onset of listeriosis. Listeria outbreaks were earlier reported in South Africa, Australia and Europe, with an unclear origin of the outbreaks. Social media updates about such outbreaks, the most likely food source, and measures to self-protect are suggested as preventive measures. The article deals on various such aspects related to listeriosis primarily originating from food, to ensure better public healthcare and human wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Snehasish Mishra
- School of BiotechnologyKIIT Deemed UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | - Lawrence Sena Tuglo
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHoGhana
| | - Ashish K. Sarangi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied SciencesCenturion University of Technology and ManagementBalangirOdishaIndia
| | - Venkataramana Kandi
- Department of MicrobiologyPrathima Institute of Medical SciencesKarimnagarTelanganaIndia
| | | | | | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic LaboratoryJohns Hopkins Aramco HealthcareDhahranSaudi Arabia
- College of MedicineAlfaisal UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and NutritionThe University of HaripurHaripurPakistan
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Zakrzewski AJ, Gajewska J, Chajęcka-Wierzchowska W, Zadernowska A. Insights into the genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes from bivalves. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168481. [PMID: 37972778 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, 30 L. monocytogenes strains isolated from bivalves purchased in Poland were characterized by whole genome sequencing (WGS). The Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing (cgMLST) analysis revealed that the most frequent serogroups were IIa; sequence types (ST) were ST101, ST21 and ST325; and clonal complexe (CC) were CC101. Despite differential genotypic subtypes, most strains had similar antimicrobial resistance profiles. Most strains had genetic determinants of resistance to many groups of antibiotics; aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, lincosamides, macrolides, peptides, phosphotic acids and sulfonamides. Phenotypic resistance analyzes showed that most strains were resistant to fosfomycin, additionally, resistance to lincomycin and tetracycline was observed in some strains. Almost all L. monocytogens strains classified as biofilm producers, which is related to the presence of genetic determinants (e.g. actA, prfA, dltA, fbpA, luxS). The findings of our study emphasize the potential risk to human health posed by L. monocytogenes strains obtained from bivalve mollusks. Additional investigations, particularly focusing on biofilm, may enhance our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the remarkable ability of L. monocytogenes to remain on the shells of bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Józef Zakrzewski
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Joanna Gajewska
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Zadernowska
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
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Zakrzewski AJ, Gajewska J, Chajęcka-Wierzchowska W, Załuski D, Zadernowska A. Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and other Listeria species in fish, fish products and fish processing environment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167912. [PMID: 37866612 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Fish and seafood products are one of the most common causes of listeriosis in humans. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using scientific literature to summarize available data on the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria sp. in fish, fish products and fish processing environment. Meta-analysis models were used to estimate the mean prevalence of the pathogen and to compare prevalence among the most popular fishes. Data from a total of 14,496 samples were analysed. Pooled prevalence of L. monocytogenes and Listeria sp. in raw fish was 5.8 % (95 % CI: 4.7-6.9) and 12.2 % (95 % CI: 8.9-15.5) respectively. Significantly higher results were observed for ready-to-eat products, occurrence of L. monocytogenes and Listeria sp. was 14.5 % (95 % CI: 11.1-18.0) and 21.7 % (95 % CI: 11.8-31.6) respectively. Moreover, meta-regression was performed to investigate changes in L. monocytogenes and Listeria sp. occurrence over the years and it shows a downward trend for both raw fish and RTE products. The results of the present study provide useful epidemiological information about the contamination level and distribution of Listeria sp. and L. monocytogenes among raw fish, fish products and fish processing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Józef Zakrzewski
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Joanna Gajewska
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dariusz Załuski
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Bioresource Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, ul. Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Zadernowska
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
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