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Wirth S, Schlößer A, Beiersdorfer A, Schweizer M, Woo MS, Friese MA, Lohr C, Grochowska KM. Astrocytic uptake of posttranslationally modified amyloid-β leads to endolysosomal system disruption and induction of pro-inflammatory signaling. Glia 2024; 72:1451-1468. [PMID: 38629411 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The disruption of astrocytic catabolic processes contributes to the impairment of amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance, neuroinflammatory signaling, and the loss of synaptic contacts in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). While it is known that the posttranslational modifications of Aβ have significant implications on biophysical properties of the peptides, their consequences for clearance impairment are not well understood. It was previously shown that N-terminally pyroglutamylated Aβ3(pE)-42, a significant constituent of amyloid plaques, is efficiently taken up by astrocytes, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α and synapse loss. Here we report that Aβ3(pE)-42, but not Aβ1-42, gradually accumulates within the astrocytic endolysosomal system, disrupting this catabolic pathway and inducing the formation of heteromorphous vacuoles. This accumulation alters lysosomal kinetics, lysosome-dependent calcium signaling, and upregulates the lysosomal stress response. These changes correlate with the upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and increased activity of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Treatment with a lysosomal protease inhibitor, E-64, rescues GFAP upregulation, NF-κB activation, and synapse loss, indicating that abnormal lysosomal protease activity is upstream of pro-inflammatory signaling and related synapse loss. Collectively, our data suggest that Aβ3(pE)-42-induced disruption of the astrocytic endolysosomal system leads to cytoplasmic leakage of lysosomal proteases, promoting pro-inflammatory signaling and synapse loss, hallmarks of AD-pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wirth
- Leibniz Group 'Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika Schlößer
- Leibniz Group 'Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Beiersdorfer
- Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Core Facility of Electron Microscopy, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel S Woo
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Lohr
- Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Grochowska
- Leibniz Group 'Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
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2
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Zhou D, Eraslan Z, Miller D, Taylor I, You J, Grondin SJ, Vega M, Manga P, Goff PS, Sviderskaya EV, Gross SS, Chen Q, Zippin JH. Two-pore channel 2 is required for soluble adenylyl cyclase-dependent regulation of melanosomal pH and melanin synthesis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2024. [PMID: 38844435 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Melanosomal pH is important for the synthesis of melanin as the rate-limiting enzyme, tyrosinase, is very pH-sensitive. The soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) signaling pathway was recently identified as a regulator of melanosomal pH in melanocytes; however, the melanosomal proteins critical for sAC-dependent regulation of melanosomal pH were undefined. We now systematically examine four well-characterized melanosomal membrane proteins to determine whether any of them are required for sAC-dependent regulation of melanosomal pH. We find that OA1, OCA2, and SLC45A2 are dispensable for sAC-dependent regulation of melanosomal pH. In contrast, TPC2 activity is required for sAC-dependent regulation of melanosomal pH and melanin synthesis. In addition, activation of TPC2 by NAADP-AM rescues melanosomal pH alkalinization and reduces melanin synthesis following pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of sAC signaling. These studies establish TPC2 as a critical melanosomal protein for sAC-dependent regulation of melanosomal pH and pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalee Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zuhal Eraslan
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dawson Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Isobel Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jaewon You
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samuel J Grondin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Martha Vega
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Prashiela Manga
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Philip S Goff
- Cell Biology Research Section, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Elena V Sviderskaya
- Cell Biology Research Section, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Steven S Gross
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Qiuying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan H Zippin
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Ricci C. Neurodegenerative Disease: From Molecular Basis to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:967. [PMID: 38256040 PMCID: PMC10815646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of age-related disorders characterised by the progressive degeneration or death of neurons in the central or peripheral nervous system [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ricci
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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4
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Litwiniuk A, Juszczak GR, Stankiewicz AM, Urbańska K. The role of glial autophagy in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4528-4539. [PMID: 37679471 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Although Alzheimer's disease is the most pervasive neurodegenerative disorder, the mechanism underlying its development is still not precisely understood. Available data indicate that pathophysiology of this disease may involve impaired autophagy in glial cells. The dysfunction is manifested as reduced ability of astrocytes and microglia to clear abnormal protein aggregates. Consequently, excessive accumulation of amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles activates microglia and astrocytes leading to decreased number of mature myelinated oligodendrocytes and death of neurons. These pathologic effects of autophagy dysfunction can be rescued by pharmacological activation of autophagy. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in autophagy dysfunction in glial cells in Alzheimer's disease may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies. However, such strategies need to take into consideration differences in regulation of autophagy in different types of neuroglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Litwiniuk
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Mazovia, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Roman Juszczak
- Department of Animal Behavior and Welfare, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Mazovia, Poland
| | - Adrian Mateusz Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Mazovia, Poland.
| | - Kaja Urbańska
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Mazovia, Poland.
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5
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Strong M, Quarrell OW. Prevalence and Incidence of Huntington's Disease. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1570-1572. [PMID: 37565397 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Strong
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver W Quarrell
- Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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