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Calabrese V, Osakabe N, Siracusa R, Modafferi S, Di Paola R, Cuzzocrea S, Jacob UM, Fritsch T, Abdelhameed AS, Rashan L, Wenzel U, Franceschi C, Calabrese EJ. Transgenerational hormesis in healthy aging and antiaging medicine from bench to clinics: Role of food components. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 220:111960. [PMID: 38971236 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases have multifactorial pathogenesis, mainly involving neuroinflammatory processes. Finding drugs able to treat these diseases, expecially because for most of these diseases there are no effective drugs, and the current drugs cause undesired side effects, represent a crucial point. Most in vivo and in vitro studies have been concentrated on various aspects related to neurons (e.g. neuroprotection), however, there has not been focus on the prevention of early stages involving glial cell activation and neuroinflammation. Recently, it has been demonstrated that nutritional phytochemicals including polyphenols, the main active constituents of the Mediterranean diet, maintain redox balance and neuroprotection through the activation of hormetic vitagene pathway. Recent lipidomics data from our laboratory indicate mushrooms as strong nutritional neuronutrients with strongly activity against neuroinflammation in Meniere' diseaseas, a model of cochleovestibular neural degeneration, as well as in animal model of traumatic brain injury, or rotenone induced parkinson's disease. Moreover, Hidrox®, an aqueous extract of olive containing hydroxytyrosol, and Boswellia, acting as Nrf2 activators, promote resilience by enhancing the redox potential, and thus, regulate through hormetic mechanisms, cellular stress response mechanisms., Thus, modulation of cellular stress pathways, in particular vitagenes system, may be an innovative approach for therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Naomi Osakabe
- Department of Bioscience and Engineering, Shibaura Institute Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98168, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98166, Italy
| | | | | | - Ali S Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Luay Rashan
- Biodiversity Unit, Dhofar University, Salalah, Oman
| | - Uwe Wenzel
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft, Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Olivito I, Simona F, Tarsitano A, Pagliuso M, Tarantino C, De Lorenzo A, Alò R, Avolio E, Facciolo RM. Mediterranean ketogenic diet accounts for reduced pain frequency and intensity in patients with chronic migraine: A pilot study. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1781-1787. [PMID: 38941791 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing amount of evidence suggests that migraine is a response to cerebral energy deficiencies or oxidative stress levels that exceed antioxidant capacity. Current pharmacological options are inadequate in treating patients with chronic migraine, and a growing interest focuses on nutritional approaches as non-pharmacological treatments. The ketogenic diet, mimicking fasting that leads to an elevation of ketone bodies, is a therapeutic intervention targeting cerebral metabolism that has recently shown great promise in the prevention of migraines. Moreover, Mediterranean elements like vegetables, nuts, herbs, spices, and olive oil that are sources of anti-inflammatory elements (omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, vitamins, essential minerals, and probiotics) may create a positive brain environment by reducing imbalance in the gut microbiome. METHODS On the basis of these indications, a combined Mediterranean-ketogenic diet was administered to chronic migraine patients for 4 (T1) and 8 weeks (T2), and anthropometric estimations were collected at T1 and T2 while biochemical parameters at only T2. RESULTS A significant reduction (p < 0.01) in migraine frequency and intensity was detected as early as 4 weeks of dietary intervention, which was associated with a reduced fat mass (p < 0.001) as well as Homa index (p < 0.05) and insulin levels (p < 0.01) after 8 weeks. CONCLUSION Overall, Mediterranean-ketogenic diet may be considered an effective non-pharmacological intervention for migraine, with positive outcomes on body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Olivito
- Laboratory of Comparative Neuroanatomy, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST) University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Ferraro Simona
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Health Center srl, via Sabotino 56, 87100 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Assunta Tarsitano
- Health Center srl, via Sabotino 56, 87100 Cosenza, Italy; Pain Therapy Center, Provincial Health Authority (ASP), 87100 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Pagliuso
- Department of Prevention, Complex Operating Unit - Provincial Health Authority (ASP) 87100 Cosenza, Italy
| | | | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Alò
- Laboratory of Comparative Neuroanatomy, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST) University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Ennio Avolio
- Laboratory of Comparative Neuroanatomy, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST) University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Health Center srl, via Sabotino 56, 87100 Cosenza, Italy.
| | - Rosa Maria Facciolo
- Laboratory of Comparative Neuroanatomy, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST) University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
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Gomes TM, Sousa P, Campos C, Perestrelo R, Câmara JS. Secondary Bioactive Metabolites from Foods of Plant Origin as Theravention Agents against Neurodegenerative Disorders. Foods 2024; 13:2289. [PMID: 39063373 PMCID: PMC11275480 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) are on the rise, robbing people of their memories and independence. While risk factors such as age and genetics play an important role, exciting studies suggest that a diet rich in foods from plant origin may offer a line of defense. These kinds of foods, namely fruits and vegetables, are packed with a plethora of powerful bioactive secondary metabolites (SBMs), including terpenoids, polyphenols, glucosinolates, phytosterols and capsaicinoids, which exhibit a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-Alzheimer's, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial properties, associated with preventive effects in the development of chronic diseases mediated by oxidative stress such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, respiratory diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and NDDs. This review explores the potential of SBMs as theravention agents (metabolites with therapeutic and preventive action) against NDDs. By understanding the science behind plant-based prevention, we may be able to develop new strategies to promote brain health and prevent the rise in NDDs. The proposed review stands out by emphasizing the integration of multiple SBMs in plant-based foods and their potential in preventing NDDs. Previous research has often focused on individual compounds or specific foods, but this review aims to present a comprehensive fingerprint of how a diet rich in various SBMs can synergistically contribute to brain health. The risk factors related to NDD development and the diagnostic process, in addition to some examples of food-related products and medicinal plants that significantly reduce the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Marisa Gomes
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (T.M.G.); (P.S.); (C.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Patrícia Sousa
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (T.M.G.); (P.S.); (C.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Catarina Campos
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (T.M.G.); (P.S.); (C.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Rosa Perestrelo
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (T.M.G.); (P.S.); (C.C.); (R.P.)
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (T.M.G.); (P.S.); (C.C.); (R.P.)
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
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Cuttano R, Mazzarelli F, Afanga KM, Bianchi F, Dama E. MicroRNAs and the Mediterranean diet: a nutri-omics perspective for lung cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:632. [PMID: 38972997 PMCID: PMC11227714 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer type worldwide with ~ 1.8 million deaths per-year. Smoking accounts for ~ 85% of all cases, with a described joint effect with unhealthy diet in lung cancer risk increase. Public health policies to prevent carcinogens exposure, promote smoking cessation and advocacy for healthy nutrition, are therefore highly recommended. Here we have examined the benefits of the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) in protecting against some non-communicable diseases including lung cancer, highlighting the epidemiological and biomolecular aspects of MedDiet anti-inflammatory effect and its interaction with smoking habits closely linked to risk of lung cancer. Considering the high incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer, we discussed also about the global impact that a Planeterranean extension of the benefits of MedDiet could have on controlling lung cancer risk. We also debated the impact of personalized nutrition on lung cancer prevention, considering individual heterogeneity in response to diet plans as well as recent advancements on nutri-omics in lung cancer research, with a specific focus on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as a promising nutritional molecular hub for lung cancer prevention. We strongly believe that a deep understanding of the molecular link between food components and genetic/epigenetics factors can expand effective intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cuttano
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini Snc, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Francesco Mazzarelli
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini Snc, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Kuku Miriam Afanga
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini Snc, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini Snc, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
| | - Elisa Dama
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini Snc, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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Calcaterra V, Verduci E, Milanta C, Agostinelli M, Bona F, Croce S, Valsecchi C, Avanzini MA, Zuccotti G. The Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet on Inflamm-Aging in Childhood Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:1286. [PMID: 38732533 PMCID: PMC11085692 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Numerous elements of the Mediterranean diet (MD) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities. (2) Methods: We present a narrative review of the potential benefits of the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MD) in mitigating aging-related inflammation (inflamm-aging) associated with childhood obesity. The mechanisms underlying chronic inflammation in obesity are also discussed. A total of 130 papers were included after screening abstracts and full texts. (3) Results: A complex interplay between obesity, chronic inflammation, and related comorbidities is documented. The MD emerges as a promising dietary pattern for mitigating inflammation. Studies suggest that the MD may contribute to weight control, improved lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, and endothelial function, thereby reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents with obesity. (4) Conclusions: While evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory effects of the MD in pediatric obesity is still evolving, the existing literature underscores its potential as a preventive and therapeutic strategy. However, MD adherence remains low among children and adolescents, necessitating targeted interventions to promote healthier dietary habits. Future high-quality intervention studies are necessary to elucidate the specific impact of the MD on inflammation in diverse pediatric populations with obesity and associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatrics and Adolescentology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanta
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Marta Agostinelli
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Federica Bona
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Stefania Croce
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.C.); (C.V.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Chiara Valsecchi
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.C.); (C.V.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.C.); (C.V.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
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6
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Tryfonos C, Chrysafi M, Papadopoulou SK, Vadikolias K, Spanoudaki M, Mentzelou M, Fotiou D, Pavlidou E, Gkouvas G, Vorvolakos T, Michailidis A, Bisbinas A, Alexatou O, Giaginis C. Association of Mediterranean diet adherence with disease progression, quality of life and physical activity, sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters, and serum biomarkers in community-dwelling older adults with multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:73. [PMID: 38492093 PMCID: PMC10944396 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02712-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) constitutes a chronic inflammatory and degenerative demyelinating disease, which can progressively lead to a broad range of sensorimotor, cognitive, visual, and autonomic function symptoms, independently of patient' age. However, the clinical studies that examine the role of dietary patterns against disease progression and symptomatology remain extremely scarce, especially concerning Mediterranean diet (MD) in the subgroup age of older adults with MS. AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the potential impact of MD compliance in disease progression and symptoms severity as well as quality of life and physical activity of community-dwelling older adults with MS. METHODS This is a cross-sectional conducted on 227 older adults with no history of other severe disease. Relevant questionnaires were applied to collect sociodemographic and anthropometric factors by face-to face interviews between patients and qualified personnel. Serum biomarkers were retrieved by patients' medical records. RESULTS Higher MD compliance was independently associated with younger patients' age, lower risk of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity, decreased disease progression and higher muscle mass, as well as greater physical activity, better quality of life, and adequate serum ferritin and albumin levels CONCLUSIONS: MD may exert beneficial effects in older adults with MS. Future strategies and policies are highly recommended to inform both the general population and the older patients with MS for the beneficial effects of MD in preventing MS and in improving or even slowing down the disease progression and symptoms severity of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tryfonos
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400, Lemnos, Myrina, Greece
| | - Maria Chrysafi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400, Lemnos, Myrina, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Spanoudaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Clinical Dietetics and Nutritional Department, 424 General Military Hospital, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400, Lemnos, Myrina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Fotiou
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristoteleio University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400, Lemnos, Myrina, Greece
| | - Georgios Gkouvas
- Clinical Dietetics and Nutritional Department, 424 General Military Hospital, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Theofanis Vorvolakos
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Alexia Bisbinas
- University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400, Lemnos, Myrina, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400, Lemnos, Myrina, Greece.
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Dakanalis A, Tryfonos C, Pavlidou E, Vadikolias K, Papadopoulou SK, Alexatou O, Vorvolakos T, Chrysafi M, Fotiou D, Mentzelou M, Serdari A, Chatzidimitriou M, Dimoliani S, Tsourouflis G, Giaginis C. Associations between Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Quality of Life, and Mental Health in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Pers Med 2024; 14:199. [PMID: 38392632 PMCID: PMC10890719 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MD) is well-known as a diet which may exert a protective effect against neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, only a few clinical surveys have assessed the potential effects of the MD in patients with MS. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the potential effects of MD compliance on disease disability, quality of life, physical activity, depressive symptomatology, and blood biochemical parameters related to nutritional status in MS patients, considering several socio-demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle characteristics. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 558 adults with MS aged 18-64 years. Relevant questionnaires were utilized to evaluate socio-demographic and anthropometric parameters, disease disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS), multidimensional health-related quality (MS Quality of Life-54, MSQOL-54), physical activity levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ), depression (Beck Depression Inventory II, BDI-II), and MD adherence (MedDietScore), while several blood biochemical parameters were retrieved from the patients' medical records. RESULTS Enhanced MD compliance was independently associated with a decreased frequency of overweight/obesity, as well as abdominal obesity, in patients suffering from MS. Elevated MD compliance was also independently associated with a decreased incidence of advanced disease disability, a higher prevalence of elevated physical activity, an improved quality of life, and lower depressive symptoms, as well as higher levels of certain blood biochemical parameters, which are effective indicators of iron deficiency and malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS The present study found that higher MD adherence may slow down disease disability, promoting a better quality of life and mental health in adults with MS. Future prospective surveys are required to obtain conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Christina Tryfonos
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Theofanis Vorvolakos
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Chrysafi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Fotiou
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristoteleio University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Chatzidimitriou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sophia Dimoliani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Tsourouflis
- Second Department of Surgery, Propedeutic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
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8
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D’Errico A, Nasso R, Di Maro A, Landi N, Chambery A, Russo R, D’Angelo S, Masullo M, Arcone R. Identification and Characterization of Neuroprotective Properties of Thaumatin-like Protein 1a from Annurca Apple Flesh Polyphenol Extract. Nutrients 2024; 16:307. [PMID: 38276545 PMCID: PMC10821328 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are multifactorial neurodegenerative disorders that are mostly treated with drugs inhibiting key enzymes of cholinergic and aminergic neurotransmission, such as acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase (AChE, BuChE) or monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A/B, and of Aβ1-40 aggregation. Diet plant components with multitarget functions are promising compounds in the prevention of AD and PD. Our aim was to identify neuroprotective compounds from Annurca apple polyphenol extract (AFPE). METHODS AFPE was fractionated by gel filtration, and the eluted peaks were subjected to chemical analyses (i.e., RP-HPLC and mass spectrometry), determination of inhibitory enzyme activity and cell effects by MTT, and morphology assays. RESULTS In AFPE, we identified thaumatin-like protein 1a, belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein (PR) family. This protein showed the best inhibitory activity on AChE, MAO-A (IC50 = 5.53 µM and 1.71 µM, respectively), and Aβ1-40 fibril aggregation (IC50 = 9.16 µM), compared to AFPE and other polyphenol-containing fractions. Among the latter, Peak 4 reverted Aβ fibril formation (IC50 = 104.87 µM). Moreover, thaumatin-like protein 1a protected AGS and MKN-28 cells from serum-deprivation-induced stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS We showed that AFPE exerted neuroprotective functions not only through its polyphenols but also through thaumatin-like protein 1a, which acted like a multitarget molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio D’Errico
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Rosarita Nasso
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Antimo Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.D.M.); (N.L.); (A.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Nicola Landi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.D.M.); (N.L.); (A.C.); (R.R.)
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.D.M.); (N.L.); (A.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.D.M.); (N.L.); (A.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Stefania D’Angelo
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Mariorosario Masullo
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Rosaria Arcone
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
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9
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Pontifex MG, Connell E, Le Gall G, Lang L, Pourtau L, Gaudout D, Angeloni C, Zallocco L, Ronci M, Giusti L, Müller M, Vauzour D. A novel Mediterranean diet-inspired supplement ameliorates cognitive, microbial, and metabolic deficits in a mouse model of low-grade inflammation. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2363011. [PMID: 38835220 PMCID: PMC11155709 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2363011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) and its bioactive constituents have been advocated for their neuroprotective properties along with their capacity to affect gut microbiota speciation and metabolism. Mediated through the gut brain axis, this modulation of the microbiota may partly contribute to the neuroprotective properties of the MD. To explore this potential interaction, we evaluated the neuroprotective properties of a novel bioactive blend (Neurosyn240) resembling the Mediterranean diet in a rodent model of chronic low-grade inflammation. Behavioral tests of cognition, brain proteomic analysis, 16S rRNA sequencing, and 1H NMR metabolomic analyses were employed to develop an understanding of the gut-brain axis interactions involved. Recognition memory, as assessed by the novel object recognition task (NOR), decreased in response to LPS insult and was restored with Neurosyn240 supplementation. Although the open field task performance did not reach significance, it correlated with NOR performance indicating an element of anxiety related to this cognitive change. Behavioral changes associated with Neurosyn240 were accompanied by a shift in the microbiota composition which included the restoration of the Firmicutes: Bacteroidota ratio and an increase in Muribaculum, Rikenellaceae Alloprevotella, and most notably Akkermansia which significantly correlated with NOR performance. Akkermansia also correlated with the metabolites 5-aminovalerate, threonine, valine, uridine monophosphate, and adenosine monophosphate, which in turn significantly correlated with NOR performance. The proteomic profile within the brain was dramatically influenced by both interventions, with KEGG analysis highlighting oxidative phosphorylation and neurodegenerative disease-related pathways to be modulated. Intriguingly, a subset of these proteomic changes simultaneously correlated with Akkermansia abundance and predominantly related to oxidative phosphorylation, perhaps alluding to a protective gut-brain axis interaction. Collectively, our results suggest that the bioactive blend Neurosyn240 conferred cognitive and microbiota resilience in response to the deleterious effects of low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Pontifex
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Emily Connell
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Gwenaelle Le Gall
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Leonie Lang
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | | | - Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Alma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zallocco
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Michael Müller
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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10
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Pavlidou E, Papadopoulou SK, Alexatou O, Voulgaridou G, Mentzelou M, Biskanaki F, Psara E, Tsourouflis G, Lefantzis N, Dimoliani S, Apostolou T, Sampani A, Chatziprodromidou IP, Angelakou EP, Giaginis C. Childhood Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Childhood Obesity, Specific Sociodemographic, and Lifestyle Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pre-School Children. EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2023; 5:11-28. [PMID: 38247997 PMCID: PMC10801514 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia5010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been related with a decreased probability of overweight/obesity as well as central obesity at all stages of the human life, decreasing the risk of diverse disease states and improving quality of life. Over the last few years, the prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity and especially abdominal obesity has highly increased worldwide, being associated with a higher likelihood of overweight/obesity as well as central obesity at the next stages of the life during adulthood. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship of MD compliance with sociodemographic, anthropometry and lifestyle features in pre-school children aged 2-5 years old. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, which includes 5188 pre-school children from diverse regions of Greece. Relevant questionnaires were applied to evaluate the sociodemographic features of the enrolled children. Anthropometric parameters were measured by relevant techniques. Qualified questionnaires were utilized for assessing several lifestyle factors such as physical activity, quality of life, breastfeeding practices, MD adherence, as well as the prevalence of childhood asthma and diabetes mellitus type I. RESULTS Of the enrolled children, 41.7% showed low MD compliance and 36.4% of them indicated moderated compliance, while only 21.9% of them showed a high MD adherence. Overweight/obesity was noted in 24.2% of the assigned children, while abdominal obesity was noticed in 18.2% of them. Higher MD compliance was related with an elevated prevalence of sex (boys, p = 0.0005), Greek nationality (p = 0.0088), rural type of residence (p = 0.0099), childhood overweight/obesity (p < 0.0001) and abdominal obesity (p < 0.0001), lower childbirth weight (p < 0.0001), increased physical activity (p = 0.0041), improved quality of life (p = 0.0008), exclusive breastfeeding (p < 0.0001), childhood asthma (p = 0.0001) and diabetes mellitus type 1 (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS A higher MD adherence is associated with specific sociodemographic, better anthropometric, and beneficial lifestyle factors in pre-school children. However, MD compliance remains low or moderate in the vast majority of children aged 2-5 years old. Thus, future public strategies and policies should be performed to inform parents of the potential beneficial effects of MD against obesity and related chronic diseases at the next stage of their children's lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.P.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (S.D.); (E.-P.A.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.P.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (S.D.); (E.-P.A.)
| | - Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.P.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (S.D.); (E.-P.A.)
| | | | - Evmorfia Psara
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.P.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (S.D.); (E.-P.A.)
| | - Gerasimos Tsourouflis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikos Lefantzis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Sophia Dimoliani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.P.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (S.D.); (E.-P.A.)
| | - Thomas Apostolou
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Anastasia Sampani
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Exakousti-Petroula Angelakou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.P.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (S.D.); (E.-P.A.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece; (E.P.); (O.A.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (S.D.); (E.-P.A.)
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11
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Infante R, Infante M, Pastore D, Pacifici F, Chiereghin F, Malatesta G, Donadel G, Tesauro M, Della-Morte D. An Appraisal of the Oleocanthal-Rich Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) and Its Potential Anticancer and Neuroprotective Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17323. [PMID: 38139152 PMCID: PMC10744258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary consumption of olive oil represents a key pillar of the Mediterranean diet, which has been shown to exert beneficial effects on human health, such as the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases like cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. These health benefits are partly mediated by the high-quality extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), which is produced mostly in Mediterranean countries and is directly made from olives, the fruit of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.). Preclinical evidence supports the existence of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties exerted by the polyphenol oleocanthal, which belongs to the EVOO minor polar compound subclass of secoiridoids (like oleuropein). This narrative review aims to describe the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of oleocanthal, as well as the potential anticancer and neuroprotective actions of this polyphenol. Based on recent evidence, we also discuss the reasons underlying the need to include the concentrations of oleocanthal and other polyphenols in the EVOO's nutrition facts label. Finally, we report our personal experience in the production of a certified organic EVOO with a "Protected Designation of Origin" (PDO), which was obtained from olives of three different cultivars (Rotondella, Frantoio, and Leccino) harvested in geographical areas located a short distance from one another (villages' names: Gorga and Camella) within the Southern Italy "Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park" of the Campania Region (Province of Salerno, Italy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Infante
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; (R.I.); (D.P.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Marco Infante
- Section of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Pastore
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; (R.I.); (D.P.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (G.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Francesca Chiereghin
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; (R.I.); (D.P.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Gina Malatesta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (G.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Giulia Donadel
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (G.M.); (M.T.)
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; (R.I.); (D.P.); (D.D.-M.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (G.M.); (M.T.)
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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12
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Lemons JMS, Narrowe AB, Liu L, Firrman J, Mahalak KK, Van den Abbeele P, Baudot A, Deyaert S, Li Y, Yu L(L. Impact of Baizhu, Daqingye, and Hehuanhua extracts on the human gut microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1298392. [PMID: 38145049 PMCID: PMC10740150 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1298392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In traditional Chinese medicine, the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala (Baizhu), the leaves of Isatis indigotica (Daqingye), and the flowers of Albizia julibrissin (Hehuanhua) have been used to treat gastrointestinal illnesses, epidemics, and mental health issues. Modern researchers are now exploring the underlying mechanisms responsible for their efficacy. Previous studies often focused on the impact of purified chemicals or mixed extracts from these plants on cells in tissue culture or in rodent models. Methods As modulation of the human gut microbiome has been linked to host health status both within the gastrointestinal tract and in distant tissues, the effects of lipid-free ethanol extracts of Baizhu, Daqingye, and Hehuanhua on the human adult gut microbiome were assessed using Systemic Intestinal Fermentation Research (SIFR®) technology (n=6). Results and discussion Baizhu and Daqingye extracts similarly impacted microbial community structure and function, with the extent of effects being more pronounced for Baizhu. These effects included decreases in the Bacteroidetes phylum and increases in health-related Bifidobacterium spp. and short chain fatty acids which may contribute to Baizhu's efficacy against gastrointestinal ailments. The changes upon Hehuanhua treatment were larger and included increases in multiple bacterial species, including Agathobaculum butyriciproducens, Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, and Gordonibacter pamelaeae, known to produce secondary metabolites beneficial to mental health. In addition, many of the changes induced by Hehuanhua correlated with a rise in Enterobacteriaceae spp., which may make the tested dose of this herb contraindicated for some individuals. Overall, there is some evidence to suggest that the palliative effect of these herbs may be mediated, in part, by their impact on the gut microbiome, but more research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. S. Lemons
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Adrienne B. Narrowe
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - LinShu Liu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Jenni Firrman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Karley K. Mahalak
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, 0112 Skinner Building University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Liangli (Lucy) Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, 0112 Skinner Building University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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13
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Neto A, Fernandes A, Barateiro A. The complex relationship between obesity and neurodegenerative diseases: an updated review. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1294420. [PMID: 38026693 PMCID: PMC10665538 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1294420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic, affecting roughly 30% of the world's population and predicted to rise. This disease results from genetic, behavioral, societal, and environmental factors, leading to excessive fat accumulation, due to insufficient energy expenditure. The adipose tissue, once seen as a simple storage depot, is now recognized as a complex organ with various functions, including hormone regulation and modulation of metabolism, inflammation, and homeostasis. Obesity is associated with a low-grade inflammatory state and has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's (AD), and Parkinson's (PD). Mechanistically, reduced adipose expandability leads to hypertrophic adipocytes, triggering inflammation, insulin and leptin resistance, blood-brain barrier disruption, altered brain metabolism, neuronal inflammation, brain atrophy, and cognitive decline. Obesity impacts neurodegenerative disorders through shared underlying mechanisms, underscoring its potential as a modifiable risk factor for these diseases. Nevertheless, further research is needed to fully grasp the intricate connections between obesity and neurodegeneration. Collaborative efforts in this field hold promise for innovative strategies to address this complex relationship and develop effective prevention and treatment methods, which also includes specific diets and physical activities, ultimately improving quality of life and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Neto
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Fernandes
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Barateiro
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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14
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Li Y, Si H, Ma Y, Li S, Gao L, Liu K, Liu X. Vitamin D3 affects the gut microbiota in an LPS-stimulated systemic inflammation mouse model. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105180. [PMID: 37419238 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Although gut dysbiosis contributes to systemic inflammation, the counteractive effect of systemic inflammation on gut microbiota is unknown. Vitamin D may exert anti-inflammatory effects against systemic inflammation, but its regulation of the gut microbiota is poorly understood. In this study, mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to create a systemic inflammation model and received vitamin D3 treatment orally for 18 continuous days. Then, body weight, morphological changes in the colon epithelium, and gut microbiota (n = 3) were evaluated. We verified that LPS stimulation caused inflammatory changes in the colon epithelium, which could be obviously attenuated by vitamin D3 treatment (10 μg/kg/day) in mice. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the gut microbiota first revealed that LPS stimulation induced a large number of operational taxonomic units, and vitamin D3 treatment reduced the number. In addition, vitamin D3 had distinctive effects on the community structure of the gut microbiota, which was obviously changed after LPS stimulation. However, neither LPS nor vitamin D3 affected the alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota. Furthermore, statistical analysis of differential microorganisms showed that the relative abundance of microorganisms in the phylum Spirochaetes decreased, the family Micrococcaceae increased, the genus [Eubacterium]_brachy_group decreased, the genus Pseudarthrobacter increased, and the species Clostridiales_bacterium_CIEAF_020 decreased under LPS stimulation, but vitamin D3 treatment significantly reversed the LPS-induced changes in the relative abundance of these microorganisms. In conclusion, vitamin D3 treatment affected the gut microbiota and alleviated inflammatory changes in the colon epithelium in the LPS-stimulated systemic inflammation mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Li
- Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, PR China; Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Hongbo Si
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Shuang Li
- Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, PR China
| | - Lijie Gao
- Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xifu Liu
- Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, PR China.
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15
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Papadopoulou SK, Pavlidou E, Dakanalis A, Antasouras G, Vorvolakos T, Mentzelou M, Serdari A, Pandi AL, Spanoudaki M, Alexatou O, Aggelakou EP, Giaginis C. Postpartum Depression Is Associated with Maternal Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Characteristics, Perinatal Outcomes, Breastfeeding Practices, and Mediterranean Diet Adherence. Nutrients 2023; 15:3853. [PMID: 37686885 PMCID: PMC10490519 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression, with a prevalence ranging between 14% and 25% worldwide, has been considered an urgent health concern that negatively affects both mothers' and their infants' health. Postpartum depression may negatively affect maternal sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters and lifestyle factors. Nutrition has recently been identified as a crucial factor for the management and co-treatment of postpartum depression. This survey aims to determine the possible association of postpartum depression with mothers' socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics, perinatal outcomes, breastfeeding practices, and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey, which was performed on 3941 women during the postpartum period. Postpartum depression was assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Anthropometric parameters and perinatal outcomes were retrieved from mothers' medical records. Sociodemographic data and breastfeeding practices were recorded by face-to-face interviews between enrolled mothers and trained personnel. Mediterranean diet adherence was assessed by MedDietScore. Both univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression were applied for analyzing our data. RESULTS Postpartum depression was significantly associated with lower educational level, Greek nationality, higher prevalence of multiparity and overweight/obesity postpartum, higher incidence of caesarean section and not breastfeeding, and lower levels of MD adherence. In multivariate analysis, postpartum depression was independently associated with mothers' educational level, postpartum BMI status, type of delivery, breastfeeding practices, and MD adherence after adjusting for multiple confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS This study has provided evidence that elevated MD compliance was related to a decreased risk of postpartum depression. Additionally, postpartum depression was associated with multiple sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters, perinatal outcomes, and breastfeeding practices. Future well-designed, prospective studies with high-quality methodology should be performed to obtain conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy;
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Georgios Antasouras
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Theofanis Vorvolakos
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Health Sciences, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Aimilia-Lynn Pandi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Maria Spanoudaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Exakousti-Petroula Aggelakou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
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Antasouras G, Papadopoulou SK, Alexatou O, Papandreou D, Mentzelou M, Migdanis A, Psara E, Migdanis I, Chrysafi M, Tyrovolas S, Louka A, Giaginis C. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet during Pregnancy: Associations with Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Parameters, Perinatal Outcomes, and Breastfeeding Practices. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1547. [PMID: 37763666 PMCID: PMC10536474 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been recognized as a beneficial nutritional pattern that promotes human health, decreasing the risks of a variety of human disorders and pathological states, including adverse pregnancy outcomes. In this aspect, the current survey aimed to assess the potential association of compliance with the MD during gestation with various sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters, perinatal outcomes, and breastfeeding practices. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed on 5688 pregnant women from 10 distinctive Greek areas. Face-to-face interviews with qualified questionnaires and thorough retrievals of medical records were performed to collect data concerning the participants' sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters, perinatal outcomes, and breastfeeding practices. Results: Elevated compliance with the MD during pregnancy was independently related with older age, higher educational status, and better economic status as well as decreased incidences of pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and excess gestational weight gain and a lower likelihood of gestational diabetes. Moreover, greater adherence to the MD was independently associated with an increased prevalence of delivering vaginally and a greater prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding for at least 16 weeks postpartum. Conclusions: A higher level of compliance with the MD for the period of gestation was associated with several favorable lifestyle factors that may promote maternal health. Further studies with a prospective design as well as studies exploring the potential effects of maternal compliance with the MD for the period of pregnancy on the health of children should be performed. Future studies should also be extended beyond the MD by assessing the potential beneficial effects of adopting a Mediterranean lifestyle on maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Antasouras
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, College of Health, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Athanasios Migdanis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Evmorfia Psara
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Ioannis Migdanis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
| | - Maria Chrysafi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon GH506, Hong Kong
| | - Aikaterini Louka
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
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