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Li Y, Zhu Z, Li S, Xie X, Qin L, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Wang T, Zhang Y. Exosomes: compositions, biogenesis, and mechanisms in diabetic wound healing. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:398. [PMID: 38970103 PMCID: PMC11225131 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic wounds are characterized by incomplete healing and delayed healing, resulting in a considerable global health care burden. Exosomes are lipid bilayer structures secreted by nearly all cells and express characteristic conserved proteins and parent cell-associated proteins. Exosomes harbor a diverse range of biologically active macromolecules and small molecules that can act as messengers between different cells, triggering functional changes in recipient cells and thus endowing the ability to cure various diseases, including diabetic wounds. Exosomes accelerate diabetic wound healing by regulating cellular function, inhibiting oxidative stress damage, suppressing the inflammatory response, promoting vascular regeneration, accelerating epithelial regeneration, facilitating collagen remodeling, and reducing scarring. Exosomes from different tissues or cells potentially possess functions of varying levels and can promote wound healing. For example, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) have favorable potential in the field of healing due to their superior stability, permeability, biocompatibility, and immunomodulatory properties. Exosomes, which are derived from skin cellular components, can modulate inflammation and promote the regeneration of key skin cells, which in turn promotes skin healing. Therefore, this review mainly emphasizes the roles and mechanisms of exosomes from different sources, represented by MSCs and skin sources, in improving diabetic wound healing. A deeper understanding of therapeutic exosomes will yield promising candidates and perspectives for diabetic wound healing management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhanyong Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Sicheng Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Xiaohang Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science & Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437000, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Ahmadieh-Yazdi A, Karimi M, Afkhami E, Hajizadeh-Tafti F, Kuchakzadeh F, Yang P, Sheykhhasan M. Unveiling therapeutic potential: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes in the management of diabetes mellitus, wound healing, and chronic ulcers. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116399. [PMID: 38944396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a pervasive global health issue with substantial morbidity and mortality, often resulting in secondary complications, including diabetic wounds (DWs). These wounds, arising from hyperglycemia, diabetic neuropathy, anemia, and ischemia, afflict approximately 15% of diabetic patients, with a considerable 25% at risk of lower limb amputations. The conventional approaches for chronic and diabetic wounds management involves utilizing various therapeutic substances and techniques, encompassing growth factors, skin substitutes and wound dressings. In parallel, emerging cell therapy approaches, notably involving adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs), have demonstrated significant promise in addressing diabetes mellitus and its complications. ADMSCs play a pivotal role in wound repair, and their derived exosomes have garnered attention for their therapeutic potential. This review aimed to unravel the potential mechanisms and provide an updated overview of the role of ADMSCs and their exosomes in diabetes mellitus and its associated complications, with a specific focus on wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Ahmadieh-Yazdi
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Karimi
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Elham Afkhami
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hajizadeh-Tafti
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kuchakzadeh
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Piao Yang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mohsen Sheykhhasan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
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Wang L, Chen J, Song J, Xiang Y, Yang M, Xia L, Yang J, Hou X, Chen L, Wang L. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway enhances exosome production by hucMSCs and improves their capability to promote diabetic wound healing. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:373. [PMID: 38926800 PMCID: PMC11201861 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of stem cell-derived exosomes (Exos) as therapeutic vehicles is receiving increasing attention. Exosome administration has several advantages over cell transplantation, thus making exosomes promising candidates for large-scale clinical implementation and commercialization. However, exosome extraction and purification efficiencies are relatively low, and therapeutic heterogeneity is high due to differences in culture conditions and cell viability. Therefore, in this study, we investigated a priming procedure to enhance the production and therapeutic effects of exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs). After preconditioning hucMSCs with agonists/inhibitors that target the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, we assessed both the production of exosomes and the therapeutic efficacy of the optimized exosomes in the context of diabetic wound healing, hoping to provide a safer, more stable and more effective option for clinical application. RESULTS The Wnt signalling pathway agonist CHIR99021 increased exosome production by 1.5-fold without causing obvious changes in the characteristics of the hucMSCs or the size of the exosome particles. Further studies showed that CHIR99021 promoted the production of exosomes by facilitating exocytosis. This process was partly mediated by SNAP25. To further explore whether CHIR99021 changed the cargo that was loaded into the exosomes and its therapeutic effects, we performed proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of exosomes from primed and control hucMSCs. The results showed that CHIR99021 significantly upregulated the expression of proteins that are associated with cell migration and wound healing. Animal experiments confirmed that, compared to control hucMSC-derived exosomes, CHIR99021-pretreated hucMSC-derived exosomes (CHIR-Exos) significantly accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice, enhanced local collagen deposition, promoted angiogenesis, and reduced chronic inflammation. Subsequent in vitro experiments confirmed that the CHIR-Exos promoted wound healing by facilitating cell migration, inhibiting oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, and preventing cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSIONS The Wnt agonist CHIR99021 significantly increased exosome secretion by hucMSCs, which was partly mediated by SNAP25. Notably, CHIR99021 treatment also significantly increased the exosomal levels of proteins that are associated with wound healing and cell migration, resulting in enhanced acceleration of wound healing. All of these results suggested that pretreatment of hucMSCs with CHIR99021 not only promoted exosome production but also improved the exosome therapeutic efficacy, thus providing a promising option for large-scale clinical implementation and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yingyue Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Longqing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Asbóth D, Bánfi B, Kocsis D, Erdő F. Rodent models of dermatological disorders. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:303-317. [PMID: 38287740 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
To assess the possible beneficial effects of drugs and drug candidates, different dermatological disease models are available in rodents. These models are able to mimic one or more characteristic features of the disorders, but not completely recapitulate the pathogenesis of the human skin diseases. Therefore, to improve the technology many new models have been developed both by genetic engineering and by chemical or physical induction. Currently the in vivo rodent models provide the physiologically most relevant approach to produce the pathology related to the majority of dermatological diseases. In this short review some widely used animal techniques (psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, wound healing, melanoma and non-melanoma type skin cancers and UV erythema) are shown which are currently applied in pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, pharmaceutical and dermatological research. First the main points of the human pathomechanism are shown and afterwards the rodent models are briefly discussed. Finally critical evaluation is provided by the authors. However, according to the 3R rule the number of experimental animals is strongly suggested to be reduced, therefore the advanced in vitro and ex vivo techniques become more and more important contrary to in vivo preclinical methods also in dermatological research. As it is described in the outlook section, although the 2D/3D in vitro and skin on-a-chip techniques are promising and have many advantages they are not able to completely substitute the animal models in their vascular, immunological, secretory and neural complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Asbóth
- Pediatric Dermatology Center, Szent János Center Hospital in North Buda, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barnabás Bánfi
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kocsis
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Franciska Erdő
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary -
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Jiang Z, Yu J, Zhou H, Feng J, Xu Z, Wan M, Zhang W, He Y, Jia C, Shao S, Guo H, Liu B. Research hotspots and emerging trends of mesenchymal stem cells in cardiovascular diseases: a bibliometric-based visual analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1394453. [PMID: 38873270 PMCID: PMC11169657 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1394453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have important research value and broad application prospects in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, few bibliometric analyses on MSCs in cardiovascular diseases are available. This study aims to provide a thorough review of the cooperation and influence of countries, institutions, authors, and journals in the field of MSCs in cardiovascular diseases, with the provision of discoveries in the latest progress, evolution paths, frontier research hotspots, and future research trends in the regarding field. Methods The articles related to MSCs in cardiovascular diseases were retrieved from the Web of Science. The bibliometric study was performed by CiteSpace and VOSviewer, and the knowledge map was generated based on data obtained from retrieved articles. Results In our study, a total of 4,852 publications launched before August 31, 2023 were accessed through the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database via our searching strategy. Significant fluctuations in global publications were observed in the field of MSCs in CVDs. China emerged as the nation with the largest number of publications, yet a shortage of high-quality articles was noted. The interplay among countries, institutions, journals and authors is visually represented in the enclosed figures. Importantly, current research trends and hotspots are elucidated. Cluster analysis on references has highlighted the considerable interest in exosomes, extracellular vesicles, and microvesicles. Besides, keywords analysis revealed a strong emphasis on myocardial infarction, therapy, and transplantation. Treatment methods-related keywords were prominent, while keywords associated with extracellular vesicles gathered significant attention from the long-term perspective. Conclusion MSCs in CVDs have become a topic of active research interest, showcasing its latent value and potential. By summarizing the latest progress, identifying the research hotspots, and discussing the future trends in the advancement of MSCs in CVDs, we aim to offer valuable insights for considering research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang Jiang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajing Yu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Houle Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaming Feng
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehui Xu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Melisandre Wan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing He
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyao Jia
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuijin Shao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baonian Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Heo JI, Ryu J. Exosomal noncoding RNA: A potential therapy for retinal vascular diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102128. [PMID: 38356865 PMCID: PMC10865410 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that can contain DNA, RNA, proteins, and metabolites. They are secreted by cells and play a regulatory role in various biological responses by mediating cell-to-cell communication. Moreover, exosomes are of interest in developing therapies for retinal vascular disorders because they can deliver various substances to cellular targets. According to recent research, exosomes can be used as a strategy for managing retinal vascular diseases, and they are being investigated for therapeutic purposes in eye conditions, including glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, retinal ischemia, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. However, the role of exosomal noncoding RNA in retinal vascular diseases is not fully understood. Here, we reviewed the latest research on the biological role of exosomal noncoding RNA in treating retinal vascular diseases. Research has shown that noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs play a significant role in the regulation of retinal vascular diseases. Furthermore, through exosome engineering, the expression of relevant noncoding RNAs in exosomes can be controlled to regulate retinal vascular diseases. Therefore, this review suggests that exosomal noncoding RNA could be considered as a biomarker for diagnosis and as a therapeutic target for treating retinal vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Ik Heo
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Juhee Ryu
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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7
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Jibing C, Weiping L, Yuwei Y, Bingzheng F, Zhiran X. Exosomal microRNA-Based therapies for skin diseases. Regen Ther 2024; 25:101-112. [PMID: 38178928 PMCID: PMC10765304 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on engineered cell/exosome technology and various skin-related animal models, exosomal microRNA (miRNA)-based therapies derived from natural exosomes have shown good therapeutic effects on nine skin diseases, including full-thickness skin defects, diabetic ulcers, skin burns, hypertrophic scars, psoriasis, systemic sclerosis, atopic dermatitis, skin aging, and hair loss. Comparative experimental research showed that the therapeutic effect of miRNA-overexpressing exosomes was better than that of their natural exosomes. Using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, the targets of all therapeutic miRNAs in skin cells have been screened and confirmed. For these nine types of skin diseases, a total of 11 animal models and 21 exosomal miRNA-based therapies have been developed. This review provides a detailed description of the animal models, miRNA therapies, disease evaluation indicators, and treatment results of exosomal miRNA therapies, with the aim of providing a reference and guidance for future clinical trials. There is currently no literature on the merits or drawbacks of miRNA therapies compared with standard treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Feng Bingzheng
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xu Zhiran
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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8
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Yang C, Zhang H, Zeng C, Tian C, Liu W, Chen Y, Jia M, Wang R, Wang K, Li Y. Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells restore fibroblast function and accelerate diabetic wound healing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22802. [PMID: 38163237 PMCID: PMC10755272 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes is common yet challenging chronic disease, that affects a wide range of people around the world. Complex cellular environments around diabetic wounds tend to damage the function of effector cells, including vascular endothelial cells (VECs), fibroblasts and epithelial cells. This study aims to analyze the differences between diabetic wounds and normal skin as well as whether adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) exosome could promote healing of diabetic wound. Methods Human diabetic wounds and normal skin were collected and stained with HE, Masson, CD31 and 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine immunohistochemical staining. RNA-seq data were collected for further bioinformatics analysis. ADSC exosomes were isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blotting. The effect of ADSC exosomes on diabetic wound healing was assessed on full thickness wounds in mice. To further verify the regulative impact of ADSCs exosomes in high glucose treated fibroblasts, we isolated fibroblasts from normal skin tissue and measured the cell viability, apoptosis rate, proliferation and migration of fibroblasts. In addition, collagen formation and fibrosis-related molecules were also detected. To further disclose the mechanism of ADSC exosomes on the function of high glucose treated fibroblasts, we detected the expression of apoptosis related molecules including BCL2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3. Results Histological observation indicated that perilesional skin tissues from diabetic patients showed structural disorder, less collagen disposition and increased injury compared with normal skin. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the levels of inflammatory and collagen synthesis related molecules, as well as oxidative stress and apoptosis related molecules, were significantly changed. Furthermore, we found that ADSC exosomes could not only speed up diabetic wound healing, but could also improve healing quality. ADSC exosomes restored high glucose induced damage to cell viability, migration and proliferation activity, as well as fibrosis-related molecules such as SMA, collagen 1 and collagen 3. In addition, we verified that ADSC exosomes downregulated high glucose induced increased apoptosis rate in fibroblast and the protein expression of Bax as well as cleaved caspases 3. Conclusions This study indicated that ADSC exosomes alleviated high glucose induced damage to fibroblasts and accelerate diabetic wound healing by inhibiting Bax/caspase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Fenghao West Road #48, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Western Theater General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Chen Zeng
- Western Theater General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Chenyang Tian
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Western Theater General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Meiqi Jia
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Kejia Wang
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Yu Li
- Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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Fernández-Guarino M, Hernández-Bule ML, Bacci S. Cellular and Molecular Processes in Wound Healing. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2526. [PMID: 37760967 PMCID: PMC10525842 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent knowledge of the cellular and molecular processes that occur during wound healing. However, these biological mechanisms have yet to be defined in detail; this is demonstrated by the fact that alterations of events to pathological states, such as keloids, consisting of the excessive formation of scars, have consequences yet to be defined in detail. Attention is also dedicated to new therapies proposed for these kinds of pathologies. Awareness of these scientific problems is important for experts of various disciplines who are confronted with these kinds of presentations daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Fernández-Guarino
- Dermatology Service, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (Irycis), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Maria Luisa Hernández-Bule
- Bioelectromagnetic Lab, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (Irycis), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Stefano Bacci
- Research Unit of Histology and Embriology, Department of Biology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134 Firenze, Italy
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Valerio MS, Edwards JB, Dolan CP, Motherwell JM, Potter BK, Dearth CL, Goldman SM. Effect of Targeted Cytokine Inhibition on Progression of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Following Intra-Articular Fracture. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13606. [PMID: 37686412 PMCID: PMC10487447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-articular fractures (IAF) result in significant and prolonged inflammation, increasing the chances of developing post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Interleukin-one beta (IL-1β) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) are key inflammatory factors shown to be involved in osteochondral degradation following IAF. As such, use of targeted biologics such as Infliximab (INX), a TNF-α inhibitor, and Anakinra (ANR), an interleukin-one (IL-1) receptor antagonist (IL1RA), may protect against PTOA by damping the inflammatory response to IAF and reducing osteochondral degradation. To test this hypothesis, IAFs were induced in the hindlimb knee joints of rats treated with INX at 10 mg/kg/day, ANR at 100 g/kg/day, or saline (vehicle control) by subcutaneous infusion for a period of two weeks and healing was evaluated at 8-weeks post injury. Serum and synovial fluid (SF) were analyzed for soluble factors. In-vivo microcomputed tomography (µCT) scans assessed bone mineral density and bone morphometry measurements. Cationic CA4+ agent assessed articular cartilage composition via ex vivo µCT. Scoring according to the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) guidelines was performed on stained histologic tibia sections at the 56-day endpoint on a 0-6 scale. Systemically, ANR reduced many pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced osteochondral degradation markers Cross Linked C-Telopeptide Of Type II (CTXII, p < 0.05) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP, p < 0.05). ANR treatment resulted in increased chemokines; macrophage-chemotractant protein-1 (MCP-1), MPC-3, macrophage inhibitory protein 2 (MIP2) with a concomitant decrease in proinflammatory interleukin-17A (IL17A) at 14 days post-injury within the SF. Microcomputed tomography (µCT) at 56 days post-injury revealed ANR Treatment decreased epiphyseal degree of anisotropy (DA) (p < 0.05) relative to saline. No differences were found with OARSI scoring but contrast-enhanced µCT revealed a reduction in glycosaminoglycan content with ANR treatment. These findings suggest targeted cytokine inhibition, specifically IL-1 signaling, as a monotherapy has minimal utility for improving IAF healing outcomes but may have utility for promoting a more permissive inflammatory environment that would allow more potent disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs to mitigate the progression of PTOA after IAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Valerio
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Jorge B. Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Connor P. Dolan
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Jessica M. Motherwell
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Benjamin K. Potter
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Christopher L. Dearth
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Stephen M. Goldman
- Research & Surveillance Division, DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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Chen J, Wu F, Hou E, Zeng J, Li F, Gao H. Exosomal microRNA Therapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231210731. [PMID: 37936417 PMCID: PMC10631355 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231210731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
With the progress of molecular diagnosis research on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, four identified categories of microRNAs have been found to be related to disease diagnosis, diagnosis of treatment resistance, prediction of prognosis, and drugs for treatment. To date, nine target mRNA/signal pathways have been confirmed for microRNA drug therapy both in vitro and in vivo. When microRNA drugs enter blood vessels, they target the tumor site and play a similar role to that of targeted drugs. However, whether they will produce serious off-target effects remains unknown, and further clinical research is needed. This review provides the first summary of microRNA therapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibing Chen
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Fuda Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fasheng Wu
- Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Encun Hou
- Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianying Zeng
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Fuda Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fujun Li
- Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongjun Gao
- Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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