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Situmorang PC, Ilyas S, Nugraha SE, Syahputra RA, Nik Abd Rahman NMA. Prospects of compounds of herbal plants as anticancer agents: a comprehensive review from molecular pathways. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1387866. [PMID: 39104398 PMCID: PMC11298448 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1387866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer refers to the proliferation and multiplication of aberrant cells inside the human body, characterized by their capacity to proliferate and infiltrate various anatomical regions. Numerous biochemical pathways and signaling molecules have an impact on the cancer auto biogenesis process. The regulation of crucial cellular processes necessary for cell survival and proliferation, which are triggered by phytochemicals, is significantly influenced by signaling pathways. These pathways or components are regulated by phytochemicals. Medicinal plants are a significant reservoir of diverse anticancer medications employed in chemotherapy. The anticancer effects of phytochemicals are mediated by several methods, including induction of apoptosis, cessation of the cell cycle, inhibition of kinases, and prevention of carcinogenic substances. This paper analyzes the phytochemistry of seven prominent plant constituents, namely, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins, focusing on the involvement of the MAPK/ERK pathway, TNF signaling, death receptors, p53, p38, and actin dynamics. Hence, this review has examined a range of phytochemicals, encompassing their structural characteristics and potential anticancer mechanisms. It has underscored the significance of plant-derived bioactive compounds in the prevention of cancer, utilizing diverse molecular pathways. In addition, this endeavor also seeks to incentivize scientists to carry out clinical trials on anticancer medications derived from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putri Cahaya Situmorang
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Syafruddin Ilyas
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sony Eka Nugraha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Rony Abdi Syahputra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd Rahman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Pyo Y, Kwon KH, Jung YJ. Anticancer Potential of Flavonoids: Their Role in Cancer Prevention and Health Benefits. Foods 2024; 13:2253. [PMID: 39063337 PMCID: PMC11276387 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The term "flavonoid" encompasses a group of plant compounds, predominantly flavonoids, present in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods. These compounds deliver significant health benefits, including potent antioxidant properties that protect cells from free radicals, thereby mitigating aging and disease. We assessed study quality and bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Inclusion criteria specified that the studies must examine a natural flavonoid from fruits, must involve animal or human trials, must be original studies, and must be English articles on the flavonoid's health and cancer-prevention effects, excluding conference abstracts and single-case studies. We conducted a comprehensive search of major databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, reviewing six clinical trials with total sample sizes of over 50 to 1500 participants. The results indicate that consuming flavonoid-rich fruits can aid in cancer prevention by targeting angiogenic and cancer-protective pathways. We specifically selected tomatoes, mulberries, Amazon grapes, apples, and citrus fruits due to their well-documented high levels of flavonoids and the robust clinical evidence supporting their physiological effects. In particular, citrus fruits contain additional beneficial phytochemicals that complement the action of flavonoids, enhancing their overall health effects. The anti-cancer mechanisms of flavonoids are not well-defined in the scientific literature, suggesting a gap that this study aims to address. Our study provides novel contributions by demonstrating how flavonoid supplementation induces anti-cancer effects through angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory actions, antioxidant-induced apoptosis, and modulation of pathways like PI3K/Akt and MAPK. These effects were particularly notable in the prevention and progression of breast, colon, liver, and lung cancers, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). By elucidating specific mechanisms and pathways, this study contributes to the understanding of flavonoids' role in cancer prevention and underscores the potential for developing natural anti-cancer therapeutics through the inclusion of flavonoid-rich fruits in the diet. Future research should focus on randomized controlled trials assessing long-term effects of flavonoid supplementation in diverse populations, exploring optimal dosages, and understanding interactions with conventional cancer therapies to provide comprehensive evidence for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonhee Pyo
- Department of Beauty Cosmetics, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Han Kwon
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yeon Ja Jung
- Department of Beauty Cosmetics, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
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Anwar S, Khan S, Hussain A, Alajmi MF, Shamsi A, Hassan MI. Investigating Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 3 Inhibitory Potential of Myricetin Using Integrated Computational and Spectroscopic Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:29633-29643. [PMID: 39005765 PMCID: PMC11238318 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Protein kinases are involved in various diseases and currently represent potential targets for drug discovery. These kinases play major roles in regulating the cellular machinery and control growth, homeostasis, and cell signaling. Dysregulation of kinase expression is associated with various disorders such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 (PDK3) is implicated in cancer therapeutics as a potential drug target. In this current study, a molecular docking exhibited a strong binding affinity of myricetin to PDK3. Further, a 100 ns all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study provided insights into the structural dynamics and stability of the PDK3-myricetin complex, revealing the formation of a stable complex with minimal structural alterations upon ligand binding. Additionally, the actual affinity was ascertained by fluorescence binding studies, and myricetin showed appreciable binding affinity to PDK3. Further, the kinase inhibition assay suggested significant inhibition of PDK3 by myricetin, revealing an excellent inhibitory potential with an IC50 value of 3.3 μM. In conclusion, this study establishes myricetin as a potent PDK3 inhibitor that can be implicated in therapeutic targeting cancer and PDK3-associated diseases. In addition, this study underscores the efficacy of myricetin as a potential lead to drug discovery and provides valuable insights into the inhibition mechanism, enabling advancements in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Anwar
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shama Khan
- South
African Medical Research Council, Vaccines and Infectious Diseases
Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh, 4545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh, 4545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre
of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 364, United Arab
Emirates
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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Ahmadi M, Abdollahi R, Otogara M, Taherkhani A. Exploring molecular targets: herbal isolates in cervical cancer therapy. Genomics Inform 2024; 22:9. [PMID: 38926832 PMCID: PMC11201312 DOI: 10.1186/s44342-024-00008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer (CxCa) stands as a significant global health challenge, ranking fourth in cancer-related mortality among the female population. While chemotherapy regimens have demonstrated incremental progress in extending overall survival, the outlook for recurrent CxCa patients remains disheartening. An imperative necessity arises to delve into innovative therapeutic avenues, with molecular targeted therapy emerging as a promising candidate. Previous investigations have shed light on the therapeutic effectiveness of five distinct herbal compounds, epicatechin, curcumin, myricetin, jatrorrhizine, and arborinine, within the context of CxCa. METHODS A systems biology approach was employed to discern differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CxCa tissues relative to healthy cervical epithelial tissues. A protein-protein interaction network (PPIN) was constructed, anchored in the genes related to CxCa. The central genes were discerned within the PPIN, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves explored their prognostic significance. An assessment of the binding affinity of the selected herbal compounds to the master regulator of prognostic markers in CxCa was conducted. RESULTS A significant correlation between the overexpression of MYC, IL6, JUN, RRM2, and VEGFA and an adverse prognosis in CxCa was indicated. The regulation of these markers is notably influenced by the transcription factor CEBPD. Molecular docking analysis indicated that the binding affinity between myricetin and the CEBPD DNA binding site was robust. CONCLUSION The findings presented herein have unveiled pivotal genes and pathways that play a central role in the malignant transformation of CxCa. CEBPD has emerged as a potential target for harnessing the therapeutic potential of myricetin in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ahmadi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Fatemiyeh Hospital, Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Abdollahi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Fatemiyeh Hospital, Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Otogara
- Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Allemailem KS, Almatroudi A, Alharbi HOA, AlSuhaymi N, Alsugoor MH, Aldakheel FM, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Apigenin: A Bioflavonoid with a Promising Role in Disease Prevention and Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1353. [PMID: 38927560 PMCID: PMC11202028 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Apigenin is a powerful flavone compound found in numerous fruits and vegetables, and it offers numerous health-promoting benefits. Many studies have evidenced that this compound has a potential role as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound, making it a promising candidate for reducing the risk of pathogenesis. It has also been found to positively affect various systems in the body, such as the respiratory, digestive, immune, and reproductive systems. Apigenin is effective in treating liver, lung, heart, kidney, neurological diseases, diabetes, and maintaining good oral and skin health. Multiple studies have reported that this compound is capable of suppressing various types of cancer through the induction of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest, suppressing cell migration and invasion, reduction of inflammation, and inhibiting angiogenesis. When used in combination with other drugs, apigenin increases their efficacy, reduces the risk of side effects, and improves the response to chemotherapy. This review broadly analyzes apigenin's potential in disease management by modulating various biological activities. In addition, this review also described apigenin's interaction with other compounds or drugs and the potential role of nanoformulation in different pathogeneses. Further extensive research is needed to explore the mechanism of action, safety, and efficacy of this compound in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (H.O.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (H.O.A.A.)
| | - Hajed Obaid A. Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (H.O.A.A.)
| | - Naif AlSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia (M.H.A.)
| | - Mahdi H. Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia (M.H.A.)
| | - Fahad M. Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (H.O.A.A.)
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Alrumaihi F, Almatroodi SA, Alharbi HOA, Alwanian WM, Alharbi FA, Almatroudi A, Rahmani AH. Pharmacological Potential of Kaempferol, a Flavonoid in the Management of Pathogenesis via Modulation of Inflammation and Other Biological Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:2007. [PMID: 38731498 PMCID: PMC11085411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products and their bioactive compounds have been used for centuries to prevent and treat numerous diseases. Kaempferol, a flavonoid found in vegetables, fruits, and spices, is recognized for its various beneficial properties, including its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. This molecule has been identified as a potential means of managing different pathogenesis due to its capability to manage various biological activities. Moreover, this compound has a wide range of health-promoting benefits, such as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-diabetic, and has a role in maintaining eye, skin, and respiratory system health. Furthermore, it can also inhibit tumor growth and modulate various cell-signaling pathways. In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that this compound has been shown to increase efficacy when combined with other natural products or drugs. In addition, kaempferol-based nano-formulations are more effective than kaempferol treatment alone. This review aims to provide detailed information about the sources of this compound, its bioavailability, and its role in various pathogenesis. Although there is promising evidence for its ability to manage diseases, it is crucial to conduct further investigations to know its toxicity, safety aspects, and mechanism of action in health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajed Obaid A. Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wanian M. Alwanian
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadiyah A. Alharbi
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Buraydah 52384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang B, Liu H, Wu F, Ding Y, Wu J, Lu L, Bajpai AK, Sang M, Wang X. Identification of hub genes and potential molecular mechanisms related to drug sensitivity in acute myeloid leukemia based on machine learning. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1359832. [PMID: 38650628 PMCID: PMC11033397 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1359832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of leukemia among adults and is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and clonal expansion of hematopoietic cells. There has been a significant improvement in the treatment of younger patients, however, prognosis in the elderly AML patients remains poor. Methods: We used computational methods and machine learning (ML) techniques to identify and explore the differential high-risk genes (DHRGs) in AML. The DHRGs were explored through multiple in silico approaches including genomic and functional analysis, survival analysis, immune infiltration, miRNA co-expression and stemness features analyses to reveal their prognostic importance in AML. Furthermore, using different ML algorithms, prognostic models were constructed and validated using the DHRGs. At the end molecular docking studies were performed to identify potential drug candidates targeting the selected DHRGs. Results: We identified a total of 80 DHRGs by comparing the differentially expressed genes derived between AML patients and normal controls and high-risk AML genes identified by Cox regression. Genetic and epigenetic alteration analyses of the DHRGs revealed a significant association of their copy number variations and methylation status with overall survival (OS) of AML patients. Out of the 137 models constructed using different ML algorithms, the combination of Ridge and plsRcox maintained the highest mean C-index and was used to build the final model. When AML patients were classified into low- and high-risk groups based on DHRGs, the low-risk group had significantly longer OS in the AML training and validation cohorts. Furthermore, immune infiltration, miRNA coexpression, stemness feature and hallmark pathway analyses revealed significant differences in the prognosis of the low- and high-risk AML groups. Drug sensitivity and molecular docking studies revealed top 5 drugs, including carboplatin and austocystin-D that may significantly affect the DHRGs in AML. Conclusion: The findings from the current study identified a set of high-risk genes that may be used as prognostic and therapeutic markers for AML patients. In addition, significant use of the ML algorithms in constructing and validating the prognostic models in AML was demonstrated. Although our study used extensive bioinformatics and machine learning methods to identify the hub genes in AML, their experimental validations using knock-out/-in methods would strengthen our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengxia Wu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhong Ding
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiarun Wu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Akhilesh K. Bajpai
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Mengmeng Sang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinfeng Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Murugan R, Tamil Selvan S, Dharmalingam Jothinathan MK, Srinivasan GP, Rajan Renuka R, Prasad M. Molecular Docking and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) Analysis: Examining the Binding Modes and Affinities of Myricetin With Insulin Receptor, Glycogen Synthase Kinase, and Glucokinase. Cureus 2024; 16:e53810. [PMID: 38465169 PMCID: PMC10924184 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim By using molecular docking analysis (MDA) to examine its interactions with important regulatory proteins linked to diabetes, such as glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), insulin receptor (IR), and glucose kinase (GCK), this study seeks to explore the therapeutic potential of myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid. Objective The main goal is to determine potential effects on insulin signalling, GSK3β activity, and glucose metabolism by evaluating the binding affinities of myricetin with GCK, IR, and GSK3β through MDA. In order to assess the drug affinity of myricetin, the study also intends to perform absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) studies. Materials and methods To model the interaction between myricetin and the target proteins (GCK, IR, and GSK3β), we used molecular docking analysis with computational tools. ADME studies were also included in the study to evaluate drug affinity. Identification of binding sites, essential residues, and interaction stability were all part of the structural analysis. Results As evidence of possible interactions with these regulatory proteins, myricetin showed positive binding affinities with GCK, IR, and GSK3β. Strong interactions with important ligand recognition residues were seen in the docking into IR, indicating a potential impact on insulin signalling. Moreover, a strong binding affinity for GCK indicated potential effects on the metabolism of glucose. Studies using ADME confirmed the high drug affinity of myricetin. Conclusion This work sheds light on the multi-target potential of myricetin in the regulation of diabetes. It appears that it has the ability to influence glucose metabolism, suppress GSK3β activity, and regulate insulin signalling based on its interactions with IR, GSK3β, and GCK. Although these computational results show promise, more experimental work is necessary to confirm and fully understand the precise mechanisms that underlie myricetin's effects on the regulation of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadurai Murugan
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Silambarasan Tamil Selvan
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Guru Prasad Srinivasan
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Remya Rajan Renuka
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Monisha Prasad
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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Vlase AM, Toiu A, Gligor O, Muntean D, Casian T, Vlase L, Filip A, Bȃldea I, Clichici S, Decea N, Moldovan R, Toma VA, Virag P, Crișan G. Investigation of Epilobium hirsutum L. Optimized Extract's Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumor Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:198. [PMID: 38256751 PMCID: PMC10819739 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Epilobium hirsutum L., commonly known as hairy willowherb, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to Europe and Asia. In Romania, the Epilobium genus includes 17 species that are used in folk medicine for various purposes. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antitumor potential of the optimized extract of Epilobium hirsutum (EH) in animal models. The first study investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of EH optimized extract and the model used was carrageenan-induced paw inflammation. Wistar rats were divided into three groups: negative control, positive control treated with indomethacin, and a group treated with the extract. Oxidative stress markers, cytokine levels, and protein expressions were assessed. The extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties comparable to those of the control group. In the second study, the antitumor effects of the extract were assessed using the tumor model of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Swiss albino mice with Ehrlich ascites were divided into four groups: negative, positive treated with cyclophosphamide (Cph), Group 3 treated with Cph and EH optimized extract, and Group 4 treated with extract alone. Samples from the ascites fluid, liver, and heart were analyzed to evaluate oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer markers. The extract showed a reduction in tumor-associated inflammation and oxidative stress. Overall, the EH optimized extract exhibited promising anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects in the animal models studied. These findings suggest its potential as a natural adjuvant therapeutic agent for addressing inflammation and oxidative stress induced by different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.V.); (O.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Anca Toiu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Octavia Gligor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.V.); (O.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Dana Muntean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Tibor Casian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Ioana Bȃldea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Nicoleta Decea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Vlad-Alexandru Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Institute of Biological Research, Branch of NIRDBS, 48 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Piroska Virag
- Department of Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță”, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Gianina Crișan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.V.); (O.G.); (G.C.)
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Du Q, Shen W. Research progress of plant-derived natural products in thyroid carcinoma. Front Chem 2024; 11:1279384. [PMID: 38268761 PMCID: PMC10806030 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1279384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is a prevalent malignancy of the endocrine system, with a notable rise in its detection rate in recent decades. The primary therapeutic approaches for TC now encompass thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy, yielding favorable prognoses for the majority of patients. TC survivors may necessitate ongoing surveillance, remedial treatment, and thyroid hormone supplementation, while also enduring the adverse consequences of thyroid hormone fluctuations, surgical complications, or side effects linked to radioactive iodine administration, and encountering enduring physical, psychosocial, and economic hardships. In vitro and in vivo studies of natural products against TC are demonstrating the potential of these natural products as alternatives to the treatment of thyroid cancer. This therapy may offer greater convenience, affordability, and acceptability than traditional therapies. In the early screening of natural products, we mainly use a combination of database prediction and literature search. The pharmacological effects on TC of selected natural products (quercetin, genistein, apigenin, luteolin, chrysin, myricetin, resveratrol, curcumin and nobiletin), which hold promise for therapeutic applications in TC, are reviewed in detail in this article through most of the cell-level evidence, animal-level evidence, and a small amount of human-level evidence. In addition, this article explores possible issues, such as bioavailability, drug safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujing Du
- The Affiliated Jiangyin People’s Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Weidong Shen
- The Affiliated Jiangyin People’s Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
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Banu Bal N, Güney C, Gökhan Yıldırım O, Akar F, Demirel-Yılmaz E. Myricetin May Improve Cardiac Dysfunction Possibly Through Regulating Blood Pressure and Cellular Stress Molecules in High-Fructose-Fed Rats. Anatol J Cardiol 2024; 28:55-64. [PMID: 38167793 PMCID: PMC10796237 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2023.3866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the effect of myricetin on cardiac dysfunction caused by high fructose intake. METHODS Fructose was given to the rats as a 20% solution in drinking water for 15 weeks. Myricetin was administered by oral gavage for the last 6 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method. The effects of isoprenaline, phenylephrine, and acetylcholine on cardiac contractility and rhythmicity were recorded in the isolated right atrium and left ventricular papillary muscles. In addition to biochemical measurements, the cardiac expressions of cellular stress-related proteins were determined by western blotting. RESULTS Myricetin improved systolic blood pressure but did not affect body weight, plasma glucose, and triglyceride levels in fructose-fed rats. The impairment of isoprenaline- and phenylephrine-mediated increases in atrial contraction and sinus rate in fructose-fed rats was restored by myricetin treatment. Isoprenaline, phenylephrine, and acetylcholine-mediated papillary muscle contractions were not changed by fructose or myricetin administration. The expression of the mitochondrial fission marker dynamin-related protein 1 and the mitophagic marker PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) was enhanced in the fructose-fed rat, and myricetin treatment markedly attenuated PINK1 expression. High-fructose intake augmented phosphorylation of the proinflammatory molecule Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and the stress-regulated kinase JNK1, but myricetin only reduced NF-κB expression. Moreover, myricetin diminished the elevation in the expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax. CONCLUSION Our results imply that myricetin has a protective role in cardiac irregularities induced by a high-fructose diet through reducing systolic blood pressure, improving cardiac adrenergic responses, suppressing PINK1, NF-κB, and Bax expression, and thus reflecting a potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Banu Bal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ceren Güney
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Onur Gökhan Yıldırım
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce University, Düzce, Türkiye
| | - Fatma Akar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Emine Demirel-Yılmaz
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Türkiye
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Duan L, Liu R, Cui X, Zhang Q, Cao D, Chen M, Zhang A. Identification of UBFD1 as a prognostic biomarker and molecular target among estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 686:149171. [PMID: 37922573 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BRCA) is the most commonly diagnosed molecular subtype of BRCA. It is routinely treated with endocrine therapy; however, some patients relapse after therapy and develop drug resistance, resulting in treatment failure. In the present study, we identified markers of ER-positive BRCA and evaluated their putative function in immune infiltration as well as their clinicopathological significance. The ubiquitin family domain containing 1 (UBFD1) protein was associated with the prognosis of ER-positive BRCA patients. Its expression was higher in ER-positive BRCA tissues compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. Patients with higher UBFD1 expression had a poorer prognosis. UBFD1 is an independent risk factor for ER-positive BRCA patients and its function was primarily associated with hormone activity and inflammation. Taken together, UBFD1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and candidate target of ER-positive BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Duan
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Xiaoyue Cui
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China.
| | - Aijie Zhang
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China.
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El-Sheref EM, Bräse S, Tawfeek HN, Alasmary FA, Youssif BGM. Synthesis, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Actions of 4-(1,2,3-Triazol-1-yl)quinolin-2(1 H)-ones as Multi-Target Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13300. [PMID: 37686105 PMCID: PMC10488242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The reaction of 4-azido-quinolin-2(1H)-ones 1a-e with the active methylene compounds pentane-2,4-dione (2a), 1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione (2b), and K2CO3 was investigated in this study. This approach afforded 4-(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-ones 3a-j in high yields and purity. All newly synthesized products' structures were identified. Compounds 3a-j were tested for antiproliferative activity against a panel of four cancer cell lines. In comparison to the reference erlotinib (GI50 = 33), compounds 3f-j were the most potent derivatives, with GI50 values ranging from 22 nM to 31 nM. The most effective antiproliferative derivatives, 3f-j, were subsequently investigated as possible multi-target inhibitors of EGFR, BRAFV600E, and EGFRT790M. Compound 3h was the most potent inhibitor of the studied molecular targets, with IC50 values of 57 nM, 68 nM, and 9.70 nM, respectively. The apoptotic assay results demonstrated that compounds 3g and 3h function as caspase-3, 8, and Bax activators as well as down-regulators of the antiapoptotic Bcl2, and hence can be classified as apoptotic inducers. Finally, compounds 3g and 3h displayed promising antioxidant activity at 10 µM, with DPPH radical scavenging of 70.6% and 73.5%, respectively, compared to Trolox (77.6%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Essmat M. El-Sheref
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, IBCS-FMS, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hendawy N. Tawfeek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Unit of Occupational of Safety and Health, Administration Office of Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Fatmah Ali Alasmary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
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Qiu Y, Cai C, Mo X, Zhao X, Wu L, Liu F, Li R, Liu C, Chen J, Tian M. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the effect of flavonoids on flower color variation in Dendrobium nobile Lindl. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1220507. [PMID: 37680360 PMCID: PMC10481954 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1220507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Dendrobium nobile L. is a rare orchid plant with high medicinal and ornamentalvalue, and extremely few genetic species resources are remaining in nature. In the normal purple flower population, a type of population material with a white flower variation phenotype has been discovered, and through pigment component determination, flavonoids were preliminarily found to be the main reason for the variation. Methods This study mainly explored the different genes and metabolites at different flowering stages and analysed the flower color variation mechanism through transcriptome- and flavonoid-targeted metabolomics. The experimental materials consisted of two different flower color phenotypes, purple flower (PF) and white flower (WF), observed during three different periods. Results and discussion The results identified 1382, 2421 and 989 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the white flower variety compared with the purple flower variety at S1 (bud stage), S2 (chromogenic stage) and S3 (flowering stage), respectively. Among these, 27 genes enriched in the ko00941, ko00942, ko00943 and ko00944 pathways were screened as potential functional genes affecting flavonoid synthesis and flower color. Further analysis revealed that 15 genes are potential functional genes that lead to flavonoid changes and flower color variations. The metabolomics results at S3 found 129 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), which included 8 anthocyanin metabolites, all of which (with the exception of delphinidin-3-o-(2'''-o-malonyl) sophoroside-5-o-glucoside) were found at lower amounts in the WF variety compared with the PF variety, indicating that a decrease in the anthocyanin content was the main reason for the inability to form purple flowers. Therefore, the changes in 19 flavone and 62 flavonol metabolites were considered the main reasons for the formation of white flowers. In this study, valuable materials responsible for flower color variation in D. nobile were identified and further analyzed the main pathways and potential genes affecting changes in flavonoids and the flower color. This study provides a material basis and theoretical support for the hybridization and molecular-assisted breeding of D. nobile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ji Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengliang Tian
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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