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Marino M, Rendine M, Venturi S, Porrini M, Gardana C, Klimis-Zacas D, Riso P, Del Bo' C. Red raspberry ( Rubus idaeus) preserves intestinal barrier integrity and reduces oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells exposed to a proinflammatory stimulus. Food Funct 2024; 15:6943-6954. [PMID: 38855989 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01050g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Growing evidence showed the capacity of (poly)phenols to exert a protective role on intestinal health. Nevertheless, the existing findings are still heterogeneous and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the potential benefits of a red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) powder on the integrity of the intestinal barrier, focusing on its ability to mitigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced intestinal permeability. Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (i.e., Caco-2 cells) were used as a model to assess the impact of red raspberry on intestinal permeability, tight junction expression, and oxidative stress. The Caco-2 cells were differentiated into polarized monolayers and treated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (10 ng mL-1) for 24 hours, followed by exposure to TNF-α (10 ng mL-1) in the presence or absence of red raspberry extract (1-5 mg mL-1). The integrity of the intestinal monolayer was evaluated using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-D) efflux assay. Markers of intestinal permeability (claudin-1, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)) and oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and protein carbonyl) were assessed using ELISA kits. Treatment with red raspberry resulted in a significant counteraction of TEER value loss (41%; p < 0.01) and a notable reduction in the efflux of FITC-D (-2.5 times; p < 0.01). Additionally, red raspberry attenuated the levels of 8-OHdG (-48.8%; p < 0.01), mitigating the detrimental effects induced by TNF-α. Moreover, red raspberry positively influenced the expression of the integral membrane protein claudin-1 (+18%; p < 0.01), an essential component of tight junctions. These findings contribute to the growing understanding of the beneficial effects of red raspberry in the context of the intestinal barrier. The effect of red raspberry against TNF-α-induced intestinal permeability observed in our in vitro model suggests, for the first time, its potential as a dietary strategy to promote gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marco Rendine
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Samuele Venturi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Claudio Gardana
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Patrizia Riso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Prabhu KS, Kuttikrishnan S, Ahmad N, Habeeba U, Mariyam Z, Suleman M, Bhat AA, Uddin S. H2AX: A key player in DNA damage response and a promising target for cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116663. [PMID: 38688170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is caused by a complex interaction of factors that interrupt the normal growth and division of cells. At the center of this process is the intricate relationship between DNA damage and the cellular mechanisms responsible for maintaining genomic stability. When DNA damage is not repaired, it can cause genetic mutations that contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer. On the other hand, the DNA damage response system, which involves the phosphorylation of the histone variant H2AX (γH2AX), is crucial in preserving genomic integrity by signaling and facilitating the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. This review provides an explanation of the molecular dynamics of H2AX in the context of DNA damage response. It emphasizes the crucial role of H2AX in recruiting and localizing repair machinery at sites of chromatin damage. The review explains how H2AX phosphorylation, facilitated by the master kinases ATM and ATR, acts as a signal for DNA damage, triggering downstream pathways that govern cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, and the cellular fate decision between repair and cell death. The phosphorylation of H2AX is a critical regulatory point, ensuring cell survival by promoting repair or steering cells towards apoptosis in cases of catastrophic genomic damage. Moreover, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting H2AX in cancer treatment, leveraging its dual function as a biomarker of DNA integrity and a therapeutic target. By delineating the pathways that lead to H2AX phosphorylation and its roles in apoptosis and cell cycle control, we highlight the significance of H2AX as both a prognostic tool and a focal point for therapeutic intervention, offering insights into its utility in enhancing the efficacy of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Nuha Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Ummu Habeeba
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Zahwa Mariyam
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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3
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Čižmáriková M, Michalková R, Mirossay L, Mojžišová G, Zigová M, Bardelčíková A, Mojžiš J. Ellagic Acid and Cancer Hallmarks: Insights from Experimental Evidence. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1653. [PMID: 38002335 PMCID: PMC10669545 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease with a high global incidence and mortality rate. Although cancer therapy has evolved significantly over the years, numerous challenges persist on the path to effectively combating this multifaceted disease. Natural compounds derived from plants, fungi, or marine organisms have garnered considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in the field of cancer research. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound found in various fruits and nuts, has emerged as a potential cancer prevention and treatment agent. This review summarizes the experimental evidence supporting the role of EA in targeting key hallmarks of cancer, including proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis evasion, immune evasion, inflammation, genomic instability, and more. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which EA modulates signaling pathways and molecular targets involved in these cancer hallmarks, based on in vitro and in vivo studies. The multifaceted actions of EA make it a promising candidate for cancer prevention and therapy. Understanding its impact on cancer biology can pave the way for developing novel strategies to combat this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Čižmáriková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Martina Zigová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
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Zhao J, Li G, Ren Y, Zhang Z, Chen H, Zhang H, Zhao X, Li W, Jia Y, Guan X, Liu M. Ellagic acid inhibits human colon cancer HCT-116 cells by regulating long noncoding RNAs. Anticancer Drugs 2023; 34:1112-1121. [PMID: 36847079 PMCID: PMC10569677 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The natural phenolic compound ellagic acid exerts anti-cancer effects, including activity against colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, we reported that ellagic acid can inhibit the proliferation of CRC, and can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This study investigated ellagic acid-mediated anticancer effects using the human colon cancer HCT-116 cell line. After 72 h of ellagic acid treatment, a total of 206 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with differential expression greater than 1.5-fold were identified (115 down-regulated and 91 up-regulated). Furthermore, the co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA showed that differential expressed lncRNA might be the target of ellagic acid activity in inhibiting CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Haopeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xue Guan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
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In Vitro Combination of Ascorbic and Ellagic Acids in Sperm Oxidative Damage Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314751. [PMID: 36499078 PMCID: PMC9740292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that an altered redox balance interferes with normal spermatic functions. Exposure to genotoxic substances capable of producing oxidative stress (OS) can cause infertility in humans. The use of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress contributes to the improvement in reproductive function. This study focused on an antigenotoxic evaluation of ellagic acid (EA) and ascorbic acid (AA) in combination against benzene genotoxic action on human spermatozoa in vitro. In addition to the evaluation of sperm parameters, damage in sperm genetic material and intracellular ROS quantification were assessed after AA, EA and benzene co-exposure using the TUNEL technique and DCF assay. The results showed that the combination of the two antioxidants generates a greater time-dependent antigenotoxic action, reducing both the sperm DNA fragmentation index and the oxidative stress. The genoprotective effect of AA and EA association in sperm cells lays the foundations for a more in-depth clinical study on the use of antioxidants as a therapy for male infertility.
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Živković L, Bajić V, Čabarkapa-Pirković A, Dekanski D, Forbes-Hernández TY, Zlatković-Švenda M, Perry G, Spremo-Potparević B. Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa duch.) Alba extract attenuates DNA damage in lymphocytes of patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13637. [PMID: 33547659 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels of oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage are common features in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) found in neurons and peripheral cells like peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Natural products such as strawberry cultivar Alba are an important source of bioactive nutrients that could help in lowering both the oxidative stress and DNA damage levels. The objective was to estimate the effects of Alba extract on DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of sporadic AD (aged 60-84 years) patients, and healthy elderly (aged 69-83 years) and young (aged 21-30 years) individuals in in vitro conditions. Comet assay was used as a sensitive technique for the evaluation of PBL DNA damage levels. Reduction of basal DNA damage level in PBL was shown in the young group after the incubation with Alba extract ranging from 25 to 200 μg/ml, with 100 μg/ml being the most effective concentration. Selected Alba extract of 100 μg/ml was further used for PBL treatment of AD and healthy elderly age matched group, displaying potential to significantly attenuate DNA damage levels in both groups (p < .05). Alba extract displayed biological activity against oxidative DNA damage, suggesting that its functional ingredients may have beneficial health effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The data obtained in this preliminary study displayed that strawberry Alba extract is efficient against DNA damage induced by endogenous and exogenous oxidative stress in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Alzheimer`s disease in vitro. An active area of future research of Alba cultivar should be to determine the trials in in vivo systems. Our findings also suggest that Alba cultivar's functional ingredients potentially may have beneficial health effects in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada Živković
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan Bajić
- The Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Nuclear Research "Vinča", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Tamara Yuliett Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Mirjana Zlatković-Švenda
- Clinical Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - George Perry
- College of Sciences, The University of Texas, UTSA, San Antonio, TX, USA
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7
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Proshkina E, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4484. [PMID: 32599754 PMCID: PMC7350017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout life, organisms are exposed to various exogenous and endogenous factors that cause DNA damages and somatic mutations provoking genomic instability. At a young age, compensatory mechanisms of genome protection are activated to prevent phenotypic and functional changes. However, the increasing stress and age-related deterioration in the functioning of these mechanisms result in damage accumulation, overcoming the functional threshold. This leads to aging and the development of age-related diseases. There are several ways to counteract these changes: 1) prevention of DNA damage through stimulation of antioxidant and detoxification systems, as well as transition metal chelation; 2) regulation of DNA methylation, chromatin structure, non-coding RNA activity and prevention of nuclear architecture alterations; 3) improving DNA damage response and repair; 4) selective removal of damaged non-functional and senescent cells. In the article, we have reviewed data about the effects of various trace elements, vitamins, polyphenols, terpenes, and other phytochemicals, as well as a number of synthetic pharmacological substances in these ways. Most of the compounds demonstrate the geroprotective potential and increase the lifespan in model organisms. However, their genome-protecting effects are non-selective and often are conditioned by hormesis. Consequently, the development of selective drugs targeting genome protection is an advanced direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
Fruits come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and flavors. This chapter will cover selected fruits that are known to be healthy and highly nutritious. These fruits were chosen due to their common usage and availability. Since it is not possible to cover all health benefits or essential nutrients and important phytochemicals of the fruit composition, this chapter will focus on the key valuable constituents and their potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan G Mohammed
- Qatar Research Leadership Program (QRLP), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - M Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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9
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Polyphenols: Major regulators of key components of DNA damage response in cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 82:102679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Schiavon D, Martini DN, Brocco G, Santos JS, Anzolin AP, Rossato-Grando LG, Omidian H, Bertol CD. Multifunctional Cosmetic Containing Blueberry and Tinosorb M®-Loaded Microparticles Improves Sunscreen Performance. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:241-248. [PMID: 31380249 PMCID: PMC6664116 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect of blueberry extract and microparticles (MP) on sunscreen performance of multifunctional cosmetics. Octocrylene (OCT), benzophenone-3 (BENZ-3) and Tinosorb® M (MBBT) were employed as UV filters.
Methods: An in-silico modeling was used to determine the UV filters concentrations to obtain high values of sunscreen protection factor (SPF) and UVA protection factor (UVA-PF). MBBT and blueberry-loaded microparticles (MPMB+B) and MBBT-loaded microparticles (MPMBBT) were prepared by spray-drying. OCT and BENZ-3 were added in the oil phase of cosmetics. Cosmetics A and B contained MPMB+B and MPMBBT, respectively, and cosmetic C was prepared without MP. Characterization, physicochemical stability and in vitro SPF was performed. UV filters distribution in human stratum corneum (SC) for each cosmetic was performed. Anti-oxidant activity of blueberry extract was evaluated.
Results: Sunscreen combination with the highest SPF was selected for formulations. Formulations A and B maintained their rheological behavior over time, unlike formulation C. In-vitro SPFs for formulations A, B and C were 51.0, 33.7 and 49.6, respectively. We also developed and validated a method for analysis of the UV filters by HPLC/ PDA suitable for the in-vivo assay. In Tape stripping test, MBBT showed SC distribution similar for all cosmetic formulations. OCT and BENZ-3 distribution to formulation A and C was also similar. Blueberry extract showed antioxidant capacity of 16.71 μg/mL equivalent to vitamin C.
Conclusion: Cosmetics containing MPs presented better physical stability. Blueberry increased the photoprotective capacity of the formulations and added extra benefits due to its anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Schiavon
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brasil
| | | | - Gabriela Brocco
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brasil
| | - Júlia Scherer Santos
- Curso de Farmácia, Centro Universitário União Dinâmica das Cataratas, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Anzolin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Envelhecimento Humano, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brasil
| | - Luciana Grazziotin Rossato-Grando
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brasil
| | - Hamid Omidian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Charise Dallazem Bertol
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Envelhecimento Humano, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brasil
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Guo XH, Ni J, Xue JL, Wang X. Phyllanthus emblica Linn. fruit extract potentiates the anticancer efficacy of mitomycin C and cisplatin and reduces their genotoxicity to normal cells in vitro. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 18:1031-1045. [PMID: 29204983 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fruit of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (PE) is widely consumed as a functional food and used as a folk medicine due to its remarkable nutritional and pharmacological effects. Mitomycin C (MMC) and cisplatin (cDDP) are the most widely used forms of chemotherapeutic drug, but their clinical use is limited by their genotoxicity to normal cells. We aimed to determine whether PE has potential to reduce the genotoxicity, while improving the anticancer effect, of MMC and cDDP. METHODS Cell proliferation was evaluated using the trypan blue exclusion assay and colony-forming assay. Genomic instability (GIN) was measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. RESULTS Co-treatment (72 h) with PE at 20-320 μg/ml significantly enhanced the efficacy of MMC (0.05 μg/ml) and cDDP (1 μg/ml) against Colo205 colorectal cancer cells (P<0.05), and at 80-320 μg/ml significantly decreased MMC- and cDDP-induced GIN and multinucleation in normal colonic NCM460 cells (P<0.05). PE significantly decreased the mitotic index (P<0.01), blocked mitotic progression (P<0.05), and promoted apoptosis (P<0.01) in MMC- and cDDP-treated NCM460 cells, suggesting that PE-mediated inhibition of mitosis and induction of apoptosis may limit the division and survival of highly damaged cells. Also, PE was found to inhibit the clonal expansion of MMC- and cDDP-treated NCM460 cells (P<0.05) and decrease the heterogeneity of the surviving clones. CONCLUSIONS PE potentiates the anticancer efficacy of MMC and cDDP, while preventing their genotoxicity and inhibiting clonal expansions of unstable genomes in normal cells. These data suggest that PE has the potential to reduce the risk of secondary cancers induced by chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Han Guo
- School of Life Sciences, the Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Juan Ni
- School of Life Sciences, the Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jing-Lun Xue
- Institute of Genetics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, the Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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12
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Aqil F, Jeyabalan J, Agrawal AK, Kyakulaga AH, Munagala R, Parker L, Gupta RC. Exosomal delivery of berry anthocyanidins for the management of ovarian cancer. Food Funct 2018; 8:4100-4107. [PMID: 28991298 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00882a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite optimal diagnosis and early therapeutic interventions, the prognosis for ovarian cancer patients remains dismal because the efficacy of chemotherapy is limited by the development of resistance and off-site toxicity. Berry bioactives indicate preventive and therapeutic activities against various cancer types. Here, we examined the antiproliferative activity of berry anthocyanidins (Anthos) against drug-sensitive (A2780) and drug-resistant (A2780/CP70, OVCA432 and OVCA433) ovarian cancer cells. These drug-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines overexpress p-glycoproteins (PgP) and show >100-fold resistance to the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin compared to A2780. We observed a dose-dependent growth inhibition of ovarian cancer cells with the Anthos. Furthermore, the treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer (OVCA433) cells with cisplatin in combination with the Anthos (75 μM) resulted in significantly higher cell killing. The cisplatin dose required to achieve this effect was 10 to 15-fold lower than the IC50 of cisplatin alone. However, many plant bioactives including Anthos face the challenge of poor oral bioavailability and stability. Recently, we have developed strategies to overcome these limitations by delivering Anthos via milk-derived exosomes. The exosomal Anthos (ExoAnthos) significantly enhanced the antiproliferative activity against the growth of ovarian cancer cells and inhibited tumor growth more efficiently compared to Anthos alone and a vehicle control. Often patients with cisplatin-resistant tumors retain sensitivity to paclitaxel (PAC). We prepared exosomal formulations of PAC (ExoPAC) for oral delivery as the systemic administration of PAC has severe side effects. ExoPAC delivered orally showed the same therapeutic efficacy as the free PAC delivered intraperitoneally. Finally, we report that the combination of the Anthos and PAC decreased the PgP level in a dose-dependent manner in OVCA432 cells. A significantly enhanced antitumor activity was observed with the combination of ExoPAC and ExoAnthos against A2780 tumor xenografts. Together, our data indicate that the berry Anthos are highly effective against ovarian cancer and that the milk exosomes serve as an excellent nano-carrier to enhance the drug's oral bioavailability for the management of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh Aqil
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Yang H, Tian T, Wu D, Guo D, Lu J. Prevention and treatment effects of edible berries for three deadly diseases: Cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:1903-1912. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1432562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Dianhui Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Dejun Guo
- School of Food Engineering, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Jian Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
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Attia NA, Sayed AH, Mahmoud NS, Ahmed HH. Phytochemical remedies: a key strategy towards reversing the aggressive murine colon cancer. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1960-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Teleszko M, Nowicka P, Wojdyło A. Effect of cultivar and storage temperature on identification and stability of polyphenols in strawberry cloudy juices. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Zhan W, Liao X, Yu L, Tian T, Liu X, Liu J, Cai LJ, Xiao X, Xie RJ, Yang Q. Effects of blueberries on migration, invasion, proliferation, the cell cycle and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:579-584. [PMID: 27882220 PMCID: PMC5103680 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of blueberry consumption on the migration, invasion, proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, in order to provide clinical treatment and prevention strategies for liver cancer using anticancer therapeutic agents. Rabbiteye blueberry was prepared as fresh juice and fed to rats at low, moderate and high dosages (25, 50 and 100%, respectively) by daily gastric gavage. Seven days later, the rats were sacrificed and the blood serum was obtained for co-culture with HEPG2 cells. The MTT assay was used for detecting cell proliferation, Transwell assay was performed for migration and invasion evaluation, and cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry. After co-culturing with the blood serum of rats that were fed different dosages of blueberry juice, the inhibition rate of HEPG2 cells in the three groups was significantly lower than that in the control group at 48 and 72 h (P<0.05). The number of migrated and transmembrane HEPG2 cells in the three groups was significantly lower than that in the control group at 48 and 72 h (P<0.05). The number of migrated HEPG2 cells in the high dosage group was significantly lower than that in the low dosage group at 48 h, and the numbers of migrated HEPG2 cells in the high and moderate dosage groups were significantly lower than that in the low dosage group at 72 h (P<0.05). The number of transmembrane HEPG2 cells in the high dosage group was significantly lower than that in the low dosage group at 48 h (P<0.05). The numbers of HEPG2 cells at the G2/M stage in the three groups were significantly lower than that in the control group, and the number of HEPG2 cells in the high dosage group was significantly lower than that in the low dosage group, at 48 and 72 h (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate in the three groups was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the apoptosis rate in the high dosage group was significantly higher than that in the low dosage group at 48 and 72 h (P<0.05). Thus, blueberries may facilitate the clinical treatment of HCC, providing a novel therapeutic and prevention strategy for HCC as an anticancer therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhan
- Department of Anus and Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Ru-Jia Xie
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
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Nallanthighal S, Shirode AB, Judd JA, Reliene R. Pomegranate Intake Protects Against Genomic Instability Induced by Medical X-rays In Vivo in Mice. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:1349-1356. [PMID: 27673354 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1225104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) is a well-documented human carcinogen. The increased use of IR in medical procedures has doubled the annual radiation dose and may increase cancer risk. Genomic instability is an intermediate lesion in IR-induced cancer. We examined whether pomegranate extract (PE) suppresses genomic instability induced by x-rays. Mice were treated orally with PE and exposed to an x-ray dose of 2 Gy. PE intake suppressed x-ray-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in peripheral blood and chromosomal damage in bone marrow. We hypothesized that PE-mediated protection against x-ray-induced damage may be due to the upregulation of DSB repair and antioxidant enzymes and/or increase in glutathione (GSH) levels. We found that expression of DSB repair genes was not altered (Nbs1 and Rad50) or was reduced (Mre11, DNA-PKcs, Ku80, Rad51, Rad52 and Brca2) in the liver of PE-treated mice. Likewise, mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes were reduced (Gpx1, Cat, and Sod2) or were not altered (HO-1 and Sod1) as a function of PE treatment. In contrast, PE-treated mice with and without IR exposure displayed higher hepatic GSH concentrations than controls. Thus, ingestion of pomegranate polyphenols is associated with inhibition of x-ray-induced genomic instability and elevated GSH, which may reduce cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Nallanthighal
- a Cancer Research Center , University at Albany , Rensselaer , New York , USA.,b Department of Biomedical Sciences , University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany , New York , USA
| | - Amit B Shirode
- a Cancer Research Center , University at Albany , Rensselaer , New York , USA.,c Department of Environmental Health Sciences , University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany , New York , USA
| | - Julius A Judd
- a Cancer Research Center , University at Albany , Rensselaer , New York , USA.,c Department of Environmental Health Sciences , University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany , New York , USA
| | - Ramune Reliene
- a Cancer Research Center , University at Albany , Rensselaer , New York , USA.,c Department of Environmental Health Sciences , University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany , New York , USA
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Mazzoni L, Perez-Lopez P, Giampieri F, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Gasparrini M, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Quiles JL, Mezzetti B, Battino M. The genetic aspects of berries: from field to health. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:365-71. [PMID: 25872898 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Berries are a relevant source of micronutrients and nonessential phytochemicals, such as polyphenol compounds, that play a synergistic and cumulative role in human health promotion. Several systematic analyses showed that berry phenolics are able to detoxify reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, blocking their production, to intervene in the cell cycle, participating in the transduction and expression of genes involved in apoptosis, and to repair oxidative DNA damage. As a consequence, the improvement of the nutritional quality of berries has become a new quality target of breeding and biotechnological strategies, to control or to increase the content of specific health-related compounds in fruits. This work reviews, on the basis of the in vitro and in vivo evidence, the main berries' phytochemical compounds and their possible mechanisms of action on pathways involved in several type of diseases, with particular attention to cancer, inflammation, neurodegeneration, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO), Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Patricia Perez-Lopez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jose M Alvarez-Suarez
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO), Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO), Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernandez
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO), Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Area de Nutrición y Salud, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana (UNINI), Campeche, CP, 24040, Mexico
| | - Jose L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO), Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Director Centre for Nutrition and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico (UEA), Santander, 39011, Spain
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Jeyabalan J, Aqil F, Soper L, Schultz DJ, Gupta RC. Potent Chemopreventive/Antioxidant Activity Detected in Common Spices of the Apiaceae Family. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:1201-7. [PMID: 26381237 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1075051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spices are used worldwide, particularly in the Asian and Middle Eastern countries, and considered protective against degenerative diseases, including cancer. Here, we report the efficacy of aqueous and non-aqueous extracts of 11 Apiaceae spices for free radical-scavenging activity and to inhibit cytochrome P450s in two separate reactions involving: 1) 4-hydroxy-17ß-estradiol (4E2), DNA, and CuCl2 and 2) 17ß-estradiol, rat liver microsomes, cofactors, DNA and CuCl2. Oxidative DNA adducts resulting from redox cycling of 4E2 were analyzed by (32)P-postlabeling. Aqueous (5 mg/ml) and non-aqueous extracts (6 mg/ml) substantially inhibited (83-98%) formation of DNA adducts in the microsomal reaction. However, in nonmicrosomal reaction, only aqueous extracts showed the inhibitory activity (83-96%). Adduct inhibition was also observed at five-fold lower concentrations of aqueous extracts of cumin (60%) and caraway (90%), and 10-fold lower concentrations of carrot seeds (76%) and ajowan (90%). These results suggests the presence of 2 groups of phytochemicals: polar compounds that have free radical-scavenging activity and lipophilic compounds that selectively inhibit P450 activity associated with estrogen metabolism. Because most of these Apiaceae spices are used widely with no known toxicity, the phytochemicals from the Apiaceae spices used in foods may be potentially protective against estrogen-mediated breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyaprakash Jeyabalan
- a James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky , USA
| | - Farrukh Aqil
- b James Graham Brown Cancer Center and Department of Medicine , University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky , USA
| | - Lisa Soper
- a James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky , USA
| | - David J Schultz
- c Department of Biology , University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky , USA
| | - Ramesh C Gupta
- d James Graham Brown Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky , USA
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Ho CC, Huang AC, Yu CS, Lien JC, Wu SH, Huang YP, Huang HY, Kuo JH, Liao WY, Yang JS, Chen PY, Chung JG. Ellagic acid induces apoptosis in TSGH8301 human bladder cancer cells through the endoplasmic reticulum stress- and mitochondria-dependent signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:1262-1274. [PMID: 23554011 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of ellagic acid on the growth inhibition of TSGH8301 human bladder cancer cells in vitro, cells were incubated with various doses of ellagic acid for different time periods. The phase-contrast microscope was used for examining and photographing the morphological changes in TSGH8301 cells. Flow cytometric assay was used to measure the percentage of viable cells, cell cycle distribution, apoptotic cells, ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), Ca(2+) , caspase-9 and -3 activities in TSGH8301 cells after exposure to ellagic acid. Western blotting was used to examine the changes of cell cycle and apoptosis associated proteins levels. Results indicated that ellagic acid induced morphological changes, decreased the percentage of viable cells through the induction of G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis, and also showed that ellagic acid promoted ROS and Ca(2+) productions and decreased the level of ΔΨm and promoted activities of caspase-9 and -3. The induction of apoptosis also confirmed by annexin V staining, comet assay, DAPI staining and DNA gel electrophoresis showed that ellagic acid induced apoptosis and DNA damage in TSGH8301 cells. Western blotting assay showed that ellagic acid promoted p21, p53 and decreased CDC2 and WEE1 for leading to G0/G1 phase arrest and promoting BAD expression, AIF and Endo G, cytochrome c, caspase-9 and -3 for leading to apoptosis in TSGH8301 cells. On the basis of these observations, we suggest that ellagic acid induced cytotoxic effects for causing a decrease in the percentage of viable cells via G0/G1 phase arrest and induction of apoptosis in TSGH8301 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chih Ho
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Noh KT, Cha GS, Kim HC, Lee JH, Ahn SC, Kim DK, Park YM. Ellagic Acid Modulates LPS-Induced Maturation of Dendritic Cells Through the Regulation of JNK Activity. J Med Food 2014; 17:996-1002. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.2970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Tae Noh
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research, Armed Forces Medical Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Gil Sun Cha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyung Chul Kim
- Department of Environmental and Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hong Lee
- Department of Environmental and Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soon Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Dae Kyong Kim
- Department of Environmental and Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Min Park
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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Al-Obaidi MMJ, Al-Bayaty FH, Al Batran R, Hassandarvish P, Rouhollahi E. Protective effect of ellagic acid on healing alveolar bone after tooth extraction in rat—A histological and immunohistochemical study. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:987-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang HM, Zhao L, Li H, Xu H, Chen WW, Tao L. Research progress on the anticarcinogenic actions and mechanisms of ellagic acid. Cancer Biol Med 2014; 11:92-100. [PMID: 25009751 PMCID: PMC4069806 DOI: 10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer treatments by chemotherapeutic agents, surgery, and radiation have not been highly effective in reducing the incidence of cancers and increasing the survival rate of cancer patients. In recent years, plant-derived compounds have attracted considerable attention as alternative cancer remedies for enhancing cancer prevention and treatment because of their low toxicities, low costs, and low side effects. Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural phenolic constituent. Recent in vitro and in vivo experiments have revealed that EA elicits anticarcinogenic effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, breaking DNA binding to carcinogens, blocking virus infection, and disturbing inflammation, angiogenesis, and drug-resistance processes required for tumor growth and metastasis. This review enumerates the anticarcinogenic actions and mechanisms of EA. It also discusses future directions on the applications of EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Zhang
- 1 Medical Sciences Research Center, 2 Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Nanjing Longyuan Natural Polyphenol Synthesis Institute, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- 1 Medical Sciences Research Center, 2 Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Nanjing Longyuan Natural Polyphenol Synthesis Institute, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Hao Li
- 1 Medical Sciences Research Center, 2 Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Nanjing Longyuan Natural Polyphenol Synthesis Institute, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Hao Xu
- 1 Medical Sciences Research Center, 2 Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Nanjing Longyuan Natural Polyphenol Synthesis Institute, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Wen-Wen Chen
- 1 Medical Sciences Research Center, 2 Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Nanjing Longyuan Natural Polyphenol Synthesis Institute, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Lin Tao
- 1 Medical Sciences Research Center, 2 Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210003, China ; 3 Nanjing Longyuan Natural Polyphenol Synthesis Institute, Nanjing 210042, China
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Brown EM, Latimer C, Allsopp P, Ternan NG, McMullan G, McDougall GJ, Stewart D, Crozier A, Rowland I, Gill CIR. In vitro and in vivo models of colorectal cancer: antigenotoxic activity of berries. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:3852-3866. [PMID: 24447259 DOI: 10.1021/jf4050759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC), a common cause of cancer-related mortality globally, has strong associations with diet. There is considerable epidemiological evidence that fruits and vegetables are associated with reduced risk of CRC. This paper reviews the extensive evidence, both from in vitro studies and animal models, that components of berry fruits can modulate biomarkers of DNA damage and that these effects may be potentially chemoprotective, given the likely role that oxidative damage plays in mutation rate and cancer risk. Human intervention trials with berries are generally consistent in indicating a capacity to significantly decrease oxidative damage to DNA, but represent limited evidence for anticarcinogenicity, relying as they do on surrogate risk markers. To understand the effects of berry consumption on colorectal cancer risk, future studies will need to be well controlled, with defined berry extracts, using suitable and clinically relevant end points and considering the importance of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Brown
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Centre for Molecular Biosciences, University of Ulster , Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, U.K
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Aqil F, Munagala R, Jeyabalan J, Joshi T, Gupta RC, Singh IP. The Indian Blackberry (Jamun), Antioxidant Capacity, and Cancer Protection. Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405205-5.00010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Grossi MR, Berni A, Pepe G, Filippi S, Meschini R, Papeschi C, Natarajan AT, Palitti F. Evaluation of the effects of ellagic acid (EA) on 7,12-dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) induced micronuclei in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Lett 2014; 224:240-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Phytoagents for cancer management: regulation of nucleic acid oxidation, ROS, and related mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:925804. [PMID: 24454991 PMCID: PMC3886269 DOI: 10.1155/2013/925804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of oxidized nucleic acids causes genomic instability leading to senescence, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. Phytoagents are known to reduce the risk of cancer development; whether such effects are through regulating the extent of nucleic acid oxidation remains unclear. Here, we outlined the role of reactive oxygen species in nucleic acid oxidation as a driving force in cancer progression. The consequential relationship between genome instability and cancer progression highlights the importance of modulation of cellular redox level in cancer management. Current epidemiological and experimental evidence demonstrate the effects and modes of action of phytoagents in nucleic acid oxidation and provide rationales for the use of phytoagents as chemopreventive or therapeutic agents. Vitamins and various phytoagents antagonize carcinogen-triggered oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals and/or activating endogenous defence systems such as Nrf2-regulated antioxidant genes or pathways. Moreover, metal ion chelation by phytoagents helps to attenuate oxidative DNA damage caused by transition metal ions. Besides, the prooxidant effects of some phytoagents pose selective cytotoxicity on cancer cells and shed light on a new strategy of cancer therapy. The “double-edged sword” role of phytoagents as redox regulators in nucleic acid oxidation and their possible roles in cancer prevention or therapy are discussed in this review.
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Effect of Berry Extracts and Bioactive Compounds on Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) Sensitive and Resistant Cell Lines. Int J Breast Cancer 2012; 2012:147828. [PMID: 23346406 PMCID: PMC3549366 DOI: 10.1155/2012/147828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780; ICI) is approved for the treatment of advanced metastatic breast cancer that is unresponsive to other endocrine therapies. Berries are frequently consumed for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer potential. In this study, we tested the efficacy of two berry extracts (Jamun-EJAE and red raspberry-RRE) and their bioactive compounds (Delphinidin-Del and Ellagic acid-EA) to inhibit cell proliferation with or without a sublethal dose of ICI in various breast cancer cell lines. ICI-sensitive (LCC1, ZR75-1, and BT474) and -resistant (LCC9, ZR75-1R) cells were subjected to treatment with berry extracts alone (0.1–100 μg/mL) or with a sub-lethal dose of ICI (<IC50 dose; 1 nM for sensitive; 1 μM for resistant cells). Extracts and Del enhanced the effect of ICI in sensitive ZR75-1 and BT474 cells primarily in an additive fashion (measured by relative index (RI)~1). In ZR75-1R cells, both EJAE and RRE synergistically enhanced the effects of ICI (15–50%; P < 0.05; RI > 1). EA, in doses tested, did not have any significant effects on any of the cell lines. Finally, we found that the extracts were more effective at lower, physiologically relevant concentrations than at higher experimental doses.
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Kausar H, Jeyabalan J, Aqil F, Chabba D, Sidana J, Singh IP, Gupta RC. Berry anthocyanidins synergistically suppress growth and invasive potential of human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2012; 325:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Aqil F, Munagala R, Vadhanam MV, Kausar H, Jeyabalan J, Schultz DJ, Gupta RC. Anti-proliferative activity and protection against oxidative DNA damage by punicalagin isolated from pomegranate husk. Food Res Int 2012; 49:345-353. [PMID: 23493479 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Ellagitannins are the most abundant polyphenols in pomegranate (Punica granatum) husk and contribute greatly towards its biological properties. A pre-enriched pomegranate husk powder was extracted with water and then further purified by an Amberlite XAD-16 column. Punicalagin (PC) anomers were eluted using a gradient of methanol and water. Fractions eluted with 20% and 25% methanol yielded 1.08 g of light brown powder (purity > 97%) from a total of 40 g of extract. This fraction was identified as PC by HPLC-UV using reference compounds and confirmed by FTICR-MS analysis. PC (10-40 µM) was found to significantly inhibit oxidative DNA products, about 70% inhibition at 40 µM (p=0.0017), resulting from Cu2+-catalyzed redox cycling of 4-hydroxy-17β-estradiol as analyzed by 32P-postlabeling. Evidence of high antioxidant activity of PC was also obtained based on ORAC assay (1556±79 µmol of TE/g), as well as by 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS)-, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging and ferrous ion-chelating activities (IC50=1.1, 17.1, 24 and 45.4 µg/ml, respectively). Further, PC exhibited strong anti-proliferative activity against the human lung, breast and cervical cancer cell lines. Together, these data suggest that PC can be isolated in its purified form by simple column chromatography, inhibits oxidative DNA damage and possesses high anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh Aqil
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Aiyer HS, Warri AM, Woode DR, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Clarke R. Influence of berry polyphenols on receptor signaling and cell-death pathways: implications for breast cancer prevention. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:5693-708. [PMID: 22300613 PMCID: PMC3383353 DOI: 10.1021/jf204084f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Many women have become more aware of the benefits of increasing fruit consumption, as part of a healthy lifestyle, for the prevention of cancer. The mechanisms by which fruits, including berries, prevent breast cancer can be partially explained by exploring their interactions with pathways known to influence cell proliferation and evasion of cell-death. Two receptor pathways, estrogen receptor (ER) and tyrosine kinase receptors, especially the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, are drivers of cell proliferation and play a significant role in the development of both primary and recurrent breast cancer. There is strong evidence to show that several phytochemicals present in berries such as cyanidin, delphinidin, quercetin, kaempferol, ellagic acid, resveratrol, and pterostilbene interact with and alter the effects of these pathways. Furthermore, they also induce cell death (apoptosis and autophagy) via their influence on kinase signaling. This review summarizes in vitro data regarding the interaction of berry polyphenols with the specific receptors and the mechanisms by which they induce cell death. This paper also presents in vivo data of primary breast cancer prevention by individual compounds and whole berries. Finally, a possible role for berries and berry compounds in the prevention of breast cancer and a perspective on the areas that require further research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini S Aiyer
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Vincent T. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, W401, Research Bldg, Washington, D.C. 20057
- Corresponding author: Harini S. Aiyer, PhD (Tel: 202-687-4060; Fax: 202-687-7505; )
| | - Anni M Warri
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Vincent T. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, W401, Research Bldg, Washington, D.C. 20057
| | - Denzel R Woode
- Columbia University, 5992 Lerner Hall, New York, NY 10027
| | - Leena Hilakivi-Clarke
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Vincent T. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, W401, Research Bldg, Washington, D.C. 20057
| | - Robert Clarke
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Vincent T. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, W401, Research Bldg, Washington, D.C. 20057
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Ross JA, Leavitt SA, Schmid JE, Nelson GB. Quantitative changes in endogenous DNA adducts correlate with conazole in vivo mutagenicity and tumorigenicity. Mutagenesis 2012; 27:541-9. [PMID: 22492202 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ges017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mouse liver tumorigenic conazole fungicides triadimefon and propiconazole have previously been shown to be in vivo mouse liver mutagens in the Big Blue™ transgenic mutation assay when administered in feed at tumorigenic doses, whereas the nontumorigenic conazole myclobutanil was not mutagenic. DNA sequencing of the mutants recovered from each treatment group as well as from animals receiving control diet revealed that propiconazole- and triadimefon-induced mutations do not represent general clonal expansion of background mutations, and support the hypothesis that they arise from the accumulation of endogenous reactive metabolic intermediates within the liver in vivo. We therefore measured the spectra of endogenous DNA adducts in the livers of mice from these studies to determine if there were quantitative or qualitative differences between mice receiving tumorigenic or nontumorigenic conazoles compared to concurrent control animals. We resolved and quantitated 16 individual adduct spots by (32)P postlabelling and thin layer chromatography using three solvent systems. Qualitatively, we observed the same DNA adducts in control mice as in mice receiving conazoles. However, the 13 adducts with the highest chromatographic mobility were, as a group, present at significantly higher amounts in the livers of mice treated with propiconazole and triadimefon than in their concurrent controls, whereas this same group of DNA adducts in the myclobutanil-treated mice was not different from controls. This same group of endogenous adducts were significantly correlated with mutant frequency across all treatment groups (P = 0.002), as were total endogenous DNA adduct levels (P = 0.005). We hypothesise that this treatment-related increase in endogenous DNA adducts, together with concomitant increases in cell proliferation previously reported to be induced by conazoles, explain the observed increased in vivo mutation frequencies previously reported to be induced by treatment with propiconazole and triadimefon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Ross
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
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Berni A, Grossi MR, Pepe G, Filippi S, Muthukumar S, Papeschi C, Natarajan AT, Palitti F. Protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) on micronucleus formation induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in mammalian cells, in in vitro assays and in vivo. Mutat Res 2012; 746:60-5. [PMID: 22475933 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables with respect to age-related diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis and several types of cancer are widely recognized and confirmed by several epidemiological studies. A possible approach for evaluating the protective potential of promising diet constituents is to evaluate their beneficial effect with respect to a set of biomarkers that are indicative of a potential risk for developing degenerative diseases. Among the numerous biomarkers of the effect of food-related carcinogens and for the assessment of the degree of risk for disease, chromosomal damage detection is very predictive. The aim of this study was to test antigenotoxic effect of ellagic acid (EA) both in in vitro and in vivo studies, in combination with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), a methylating agent. EA, a naturally occurring and widely distributed plant phenol, has been intensively studied but with conflicting results, depending on the endpoints considered and the experimental material employed. In vitro and in vivo studies differ in their experimental schedule: in the in vitro study pre- and post-treatments and simultaneous treatments with EA were performed, while in the in vivo study only pre-treatment was carried out. The results of this study clearly demonstrate a protective action of EA with respect to MNNG-induced micronuclei and cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. The lack of effect in the post-treatment in in vitro experiments excludes a possible effect of EA on DNA-repair systems. On the other hand, consumption of EA can have a protective action against primary DNA damage induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Berni
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Largo dell'Università, Viterbo, Italy
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Aqil F, Gupta A, Munagala R, Jeyabalan J, Kausar H, Sharma RJ, Singh IP, Gupta RC. Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of anthocyanin/ellagitannin-enriched extracts from Syzygium cumini L. (Jamun, the Indian Blackberry). Nutr Cancer 2012; 64:428-38. [PMID: 22420901 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.657766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Colored fruits, particularly berries, are highly chemoprotective because of their antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antiinflammatory activities. We report the cancer chemoprotective potential of Syzygium cumini L., commonly known as jamun or Indian blackberry. Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics were extracted with acidic ethanol and enriched by amberlite XAD7/HP20 (1:1). The pulp powder was found to contain 0.54% anthocyanins, 0.17% ellagic acid/ellagitannins, and 1.15% total polyphenolics. Jamun seed contained no detectable anthocyanins but had higher amounts of ellagic acid/ellagitannins (0.5%) and total polyphenolics (2.7%) than the pulp powder. Upon acid hydrolysis, the pulp extract yielded 5 anthocyanidins by HPLC: malvidin (44.4%), petunidin (24.2%), delphinidin (20.3%), cyanidin (6.6%), and peonidin (2.2%). Extracts of both jamun pulp (1,445 ± 64 μmol of trolox equivalent (TE)/g) and seeds (3,379 ± 151 μM of TE/g) showed high oxygen radical absorbance capacity. Their high antioxidant potential was also reflected by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)- and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging and ferrous ion-chelating activities. We also analyzed antiproliferative activity of jamun extracts against human lung cancer A549 cells. The hydrolyzed pulp and seed extracts showed significant antiproliferative activity. However, unhydrolyzed extracts showed much less activity. These data showed that in addition to 5 anthocyanidins, jamun contains appreciable amounts of ellagic acid/ellagitannins, with high antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh Aqil
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
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Collins AR, Azqueta A, Langie SAS. Effects of micronutrients on DNA repair. Eur J Nutr 2012; 51:261-79. [PMID: 22362552 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA repair is an essential cellular function, which, by removing DNA damage before it can cause mutations, contributes crucially to the prevention of cancer. Interest in the influence of micronutrients on DNA repair activity is prompted by the possibility that the protective effects of fruits and vegetables might thus be explained. Two approaches to measuring repair-monitoring cellular removal of DNA damage and incubating cell extract with specifically damaged DNA in an in vitro assay-have been applied in cell culture, whole animal studies, and human trials. In addition, there are numerous investigations at the level of expression of DNA repair-related genes. RESULTS Depending on the pathway studied and the phytochemical or food tested, there are varied reports of stimulation, inhibition or no effect on DNA repair. The clearest findings are from human supplementation trials in which lymphocytes are assessed for their repair capacity ex vivo. Studying cellular repair of strand breaks is complicated by the fact that lymphocytes appear to repair them very slowly. Applying the in vitro repair assay to human lymphocytes has revealed stimulatory effects on repair of oxidised bases by various micronutrients or a fruit- and vegetable-rich diet, while other studies have failed to demonstrate effects. CONCLUSIONS Despite varied results from different studies, it seems clear that micronutrients can influence DNA repair, usually but not always enhancing activity. Different modes of DNA repair are likely to be subject to different regulatory mechanisms. Measures of gene expression tend to be a poor guide to repair activity, and there is no substitute for phenotypic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, PB 1046, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
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Chen HS, Liu M, Shi LJ, Zhao JL, Zhang CP, Lin LQ, Liu Y, Zhang SJ, Jin JC, Wang L, Shen BZ, Liu JR. Effects of Raspberry Phytochemical Extract on Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Serum Proteomics in a Rat Model. J Food Sci 2011; 76:T192-8. [PMID: 22417609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02373.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Sheng Chen
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical Univ., 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin 150001, PR China
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Liu Y, Liu M, Li B, Zhao JL, Zhang CP, Lin LQ, Chen HS, Zhang SJ, Jin JC, Wang L, Li LJ, Liu JR. Fresh raspberry phytochemical extract inhibits hepatic lesion in a Wistar rat model. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2010; 7:84. [PMID: 21108811 PMCID: PMC2999596 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-7-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Red raspberry possesses potent antioxidant capacity and antiproliferative activity against cancer in vitro. Methods The objective of this study was to determine the protective effects of raspberry 80% acetone extract in a rat hepatic lesions model induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Rats were treated with the red raspberry extract (0.75, 1.5 or 3.0 g/kg of body weight) by gavage starting 2 h after DEN administration and continuing for 20 weeks. Results A dose-dependent inhibition by red raspberry extract of DEN-induced hepatic nodule formation which stands for hepatic lesions was observed. Corresponding hepatic nodule incidence rates were 45.0, 40.0, 25.0 and 5.0% in positive control, low, middle and high groups, respectively (P < 0.01 or 0.05). Gross findings, histopathological and ultrastructural evaluations of hepatic lesion were performed on 9, 8, 5 and 1 hepatic nodule in positive control, low, middle and high doses of groups, respectively, identified in rats from the respective groups of 20. A decreasing trend of proportions of hepatocellular carcinoma masses accompanied the increasing doses of red raspberry extract. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that the potent capacity of red raspberry diet could not only suppress DEN-induced hepatic lesions in rats, but also reduce the definite diagnostic features of neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Lu Zhao
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Peng Zhang
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Luo-Qiang Lin
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Sheng Chen
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jun Zhang
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Chao Jin
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Treatment Center of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 YiYuan Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, The People's Republic of China
| | - Le-Jing Li
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 6 BaoJian Road, NanGang District, Harbin, 150086, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ren Liu
- Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 BaoJian Road, NanGang District, Harbin, 150081, The People's Republic of China.,Jia-Ren Liu at Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
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Hagiwara Y, Kasukabe T, Kaneko Y, Niitsu N, Okabe-Kado J. Ellagic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound, induces apoptosis and potentiates retinoic acid-induced differentiation of human leukemia HL-60 cells. Int J Hematol 2010; 92:136-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-010-0627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Noschang CG, Krolow R, Fontella FU, Arcego DM, Diehl LA, Weis SN, Arteni NS, Dalmaz C. Neonatal handling impairs spatial memory and leads to altered nitric oxide production and DNA breaks in a sex specific manner. Neurochem Res 2010; 35:1083-91. [PMID: 20369293 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Early life events lead to behavioral and neurochemical changes in adulthood. The aim of this study is to verify the effects of neonatal handling on spatial memory, nitric oxide (NO) production, antioxidant enzymatic activities and DNA breaks in the hippocampus of male and female adult rats. Litters of rats were non-handled or handled (10 min/day, days 1-10 after birth). In adulthood they were subjected to a Morris water maze or used for biochemical evaluations. Female handled rats showed impairment in spatial learning. They also showed decreased NO production, while no effects were observed in these parameters in male rats. No effects were observed on the number of hippocampal NADPH diaphorase positive cells. In the Comet Assay, male handled rats showed increased DNA breaks index when compared to non-handled ones. We conclude that neonatal handling impairs learning performance in a sex-specific manner, what may be related to NO decreased levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristie Grazziotin Noschang
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, ICBS, UFRGS (Saúde), Ramiro Barcellos, 2600, anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
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Modeling of ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 and inhibition mechanism of the natural ligand, ellagic acid, using molecular docking. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 680:489-95. [PMID: 20865534 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5913-3_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high because the body does not produce enough insulin to meet its needs. Post-prandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) is an independent risk factor for the development of macro vascular complications. It is now recognized that normalizing post-prandial blood glucose is more difficult than normalizing fasting glucose. Potassium channels are the most widely distributed type of ion channel and are found in virtually all living organisms. The function of KATP channels is best understood in pancreatic beta cells, the membrane potential of which is responsive to external glucose concentration. Beta cells show a remarkably complex electrical bursting behavior in response to an increase in glucose level. Nateglinide and Glimepiride are a class of insulin secretagog agents that lowers blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreas. These compounds interact with the ATP-sensitive potassium (K+ATP) channel in pancreatic beta cells. However, the side effects of these drugs overpass their uses, and the need to identify compounds with less adverse effects is exigent. In our research study, we used the natural compound ellagic acid, which is an already proven anti-carcinogen, anti-mutagen, and anticancer initiator, for its anti-diabetic activity in comparison to the two commercial drugs (Nateglinide and Glimepiride). The drugs and the compounds were docked to the ATP-dependent potassium channel and their energy value showed that the compound had higher binding value than the commercial drugs. Then an ADME/Tox analysis for the compound was carried out which showed that ellagic can be a possible lead molecule.
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Aiyer HS, Kichambare S, Gupta RC. Prevention of oxidative DNA damage by bioactive berry components. Nutr Cancer 2009; 60 Suppl 1:36-42. [PMID: 19003579 DOI: 10.1080/01635580802398448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The hormone 17ss-estradiol (E(2)) causes oxidative DNA damage via redox cycling of its metabolites such as 4-hydroxy estradiol (4E(2)). In this study, ACI rats (8 wk old) were fed either AIN-93M diet or diets supplemented with 0.5% each of mixed berries (strawberry, blueberry, blackberry, and red and black raspberry), blueberry alone (BB; 2.5%), or ellagic acid (EA; 400 ppm) from 2 wk prior to and up to 12 wk of E(2) treatment. The liver DNA was analyzed for the presence of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxodG) and other polar adducts by 32P-postlabeling. Compared to sham treatment, E(2) significantly increased the levels of both 8-oxodG and P-1 subgroup (259% and 214%, respectively; P< 0.05). EA diet significantly reduced E(2)-induced levels of 8-oxodG, P-1, P-2, and PL-1 by 79, 63, 44, and 67%, respectively (P< 0.001). BB diet also significantly reduced the levels of P-1, P-2, and PL-1 subgroups by 77, 43, and 68%, respectively (P< 0.001). Mixed berries were, however, ineffective. In addition, aqueous extracts of berries (2%) and EA (100 microM) were tested for their efficacy in diminishing oxidative DNA adducts induced by redox cycling of 4E(2) catalyzed by copper chloride in vitro. EA was the most efficacious (90%), followed by extracts of red raspberry (70%), blueberry, and strawberry (50% each; P< 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini S Aiyer
- Brown Cancer Center, Delia Baxter II, Room 304E, 580 Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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