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Gursoy S, Satici D, Kuzu B, Turkmenoglu B, Dilek E, Algul O. Exploring new 5-Nitroimidazole Derivatives as Potent Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Enzyme Inhibitors. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400918. [PMID: 38924646 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Discovering new compounds capable of inhibiting physiologically and metabolically significant drug targets or enzymes is of paramount importance in biological chemistry. With this aim, new 5-nitroimidazole derivatives (1-4) were designed and synthesized, and their inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were discovered using acetyl (butyryl) thiocholine and Ellman's reagents for spectrophotometric assay. The inhibitory profiles of the synthesized compounds were assessed by comparing their IC50 and Ki values. Results demonstrate significant inhibitory activity of all synthesized compounds against both AChE and BuChE compared to the reference compound, donepezil. Notably, compound 4 exhibited dual inhibition of these enzymes, showing the highest activity against Electrophorus electricus AChE (EeAChE) with a Ki value of 0.024±0.009 nM and against equine BuChE (eqBuChE) with a Ki value of 0.087±0.017 nM. Furthermore, molecular modeling was conducted to study the interaction modes of the most potent compound (4) and donepezil in the active site of their related enzymes' crystal structures (PDB ID: 4EY7 and 4BDS, respectively). Additionally, drug-likeness, ADME, and toxicity profiles of the compounds and metronidazole were predicted. The above results indicated that the dual inhibition of these enzymes is considered as a promising strategy for the treatment of neurological disorder especially Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Gursoy
- Department of Biohemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Doruk Satici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Burak Kuzu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Türkiye
| | - Burcin Turkmenoglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Esra Dilek
- Department of Biohemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Oztekin Algul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Türkiye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Mersin University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin, Türkiye
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Archana M, Rubini D, Dharshini KP, Hari BNV, Jayasankari S, Ramyadevi D, Gonciarz W, Domańska A, Brzeziński M, Nithyanand P. Development of an anti-infective urinary catheter composed of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/methylcellulose/polyethylene glycol by using a pressure-assisted 3D-printing technique. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126029. [PMID: 37524285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are a common complication associated with catheterization, leading to urosepsis, bacteriuria, and septicaemia. The present work focuses on 3D printing a urinary catheter with anti-infective properties using various concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, e.g., 6-8 %), sodium alginate (NaAlg, e.g. 1-4 %), methylcellulose (MC, 5 %), polyethylene glycol (PEG, 5 %) impregnated with secnidazole, an antibiotic acting against Gram-negative bacteria. To produce suitable polymer ink for Pressure Assisted Microsyringe (PAM) 3D printing, the cross-linked between NaAlg and calcium chloride is necessary to prepare the catheter. The optimised catheter was found to have an outer diameter of 5 mm, an inner diameter of 3.5 mm, and a length of the catheter of 50 mm. The analysis by various methods confirms the successful incorporation of secnidazole in the 3D-printed catheter. A drug-loaded/coated catheter showed an initial drug release of 79 % following a sustained release to reach 100 % within 5 h. Weibull model fits well with the drug release data. The release models suggest the Quasi-Fickian diffusion mechanism from the system. Moreover, the secnidazole 3D printed catheter disrupted biofilms and suppressed all the Quorum sensing mediated virulence factors of two important keystone pathogens causing urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menon Archana
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Durairajan Rubini
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Priya Dharshini
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bodethala Narayanan Vedha Hari
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies in Łódź, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Senthilganesh Jayasankari
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Durai Ramyadevi
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Weronika Gonciarz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Domańska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Brzeziński
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies in Łódź, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Paramasivam Nithyanand
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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