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Aparecida Dos Santos France F, Maeda DK, Rodrigues AB, Ono M, Lopes Nogueira Marchetti F, Marchetti MM, Faustino Martins AC, Gomes RDS, Rainho CA. Exploring fatty acids from royal jelly as a source of histone deacetylase inhibitors: from the hive to applications in human well-being and health. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2400423. [PMID: 39255363 PMCID: PMC11404605 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2400423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A differential diet with royal jelly (RJ) during early larval development in honeybees shapes the phenotype, which is probably mediated by epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Evidence indicates that small molecules in RJ can modulate gene expression in mammalian cells, such as the fatty acid 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), previously associated with the inhibition of histone deacetylase enzymes (HDACs). Therefore, we combined computational (molecular docking simulations) and experimental approaches for the screening of potential HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) among 32 RJ-derived fatty acids. Biochemical assays and gene expression analyses (Reverse Transcriptase - quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) were performed to evaluate the functional effects of the major RJ fatty acids, 10-HDA and 10-HDAA (10-hydroxy-decanoic acid), in two human cancer cell lines (HCT116 and MDA-MB-231). The molecular docking simulations indicate that these fatty acids might interact with class I HDACs, specifically with the catalytic domain of human HDAC2, likewise well-known HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) such as SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) and TSA (Trichostatin A). In addition, the combined treatment with 10-HDA and 10-HDAA inhibits the activity of human nuclear HDACs and leads to a slight increase in the expression of HDAC-coding genes in cancer cells. Our findings indicate that royal jelly fatty acids collectively contribute to HDAC inhibition and that 10-HDA and 10-HDAA are weak HDACi that facilitate the acetylation of lysine residues of chromatin, triggering an increase in gene expression levels in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debora Kazumi Maeda
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Rodrigues
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Mai Ono
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Franciele Lopes Nogueira Marchetti
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Martins Marchetti
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cláudia Aparecida Rainho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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2
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Cabirol A, Moriano-Gutierrez S, Engel P. Neuroactive metabolites modulated by the gut microbiota in honey bees. Mol Microbiol 2024; 122:284-293. [PMID: 37718573 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Honey bees have emerged as a new model to study the gut-brain axis, as they exhibit complex social behaviors and cognitive abilities, while experiments with gnotobiotic bees have revealed that their gut microbiota alters both brain and behavioral phenotypes. Furthermore, while honey bee brain functions supporting a broad range of behaviors have been intensively studied for over 50 years, the gut microbiota of bees has been experimentally characterized only recently. Here, we combined six published datasets from metabolomic analyses to provide an overview of the neuroactive metabolites whose abundance in the gut, hemolymph and brain varies in presence of the gut microbiota. Such metabolites may either be produced by gut bacteria, released from the pollen grains during their decomposition by bacteria, or produced by other organs in response to different bacterial products. We describe the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of such metabolites on brain function and behavior and provide further hypotheses to explore in this emerging field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Cabirol
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Philipp Engel
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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3
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Shang A, Bieszczad KM. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate cue memory underlying discriminative behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104811. [PMID: 35961385 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The burgeoning field of neuroepigenetics has introduced chromatin modification as an important interface between experience and brain function. For example, epigenetic mechanisms like histone acetylation and DNA methylation operate throughout a lifetime to powerfully regulate gene expression in the brain that is required for experiences to be transformed into long-term memories. This review highlights emerging evidence from sensory models of memory that converge on the premise that epigenetic regulation of activity-dependent transcription in the sensory brain facilitates highly precise memory recall. Chromatin modifications may be key for neurophysiological responses to transient sensory cue features experienced in the "here and now" to be recapitulated over the long term. We conclude that the function of epigenetic control of sensory system neuroplasticity is to regulate the amount and type of sensory information retained in long-term memories by regulating neural representations of behaviorally relevant cues that guide behavior. This is of broad importance in the neuroscience field because there are few circumstances in which behavioral acts are devoid of an initiating sensory experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Shang
- Dept. of Psychology - Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kasia M Bieszczad
- Dept. of Psychology - Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Center for Cognitive Science (RuCCS), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA.
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Villagra C, Frías-Lasserre D. Epigenetic Molecular Mechanisms in Insects. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:615-642. [PMID: 32514997 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Insects are the largest animal group on Earth both in biomass and diversity. Their outstanding success has inspired genetics and developmental research, allowing the discovery of dynamic process explaining extreme phenotypic plasticity and canalization. Epigenetic molecular mechanisms (EMMs) are vital for several housekeeping functions in multicellular organisms, regulating developmental, ontogenetic trajectories and environmental adaptations. In Insecta, EMMs are involved in the development of extreme phenotypic divergences such as polyphenisms and eusocial castes. Here, we review the history of this research field and how the main EMMs found in insects help to understand their biological processes and diversity. EMMs in insects confer them rapid response capacity allowing insect either to change with plastic divergence or to keep constant when facing different stressors or stimuli. EMMs function both at intra as well as transgenerational scales, playing important roles in insect ecology and evolution. We discuss on how EMMs pervasive influences in Insecta require not only the control of gene expression but also the dynamic interplay of EMMs with further regulatory levels, including genetic, physiological, behavioral, and environmental among others, as was earlier proposed by the Probabilistic Epigenesis model and Developmental System Theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Villagra
- Instituto de Entomología, Univ Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile.
| | - D Frías-Lasserre
- Instituto de Entomología, Univ Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile
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5
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Kirfel P, Skaljac M, Grotmann J, Kessel T, Seip M, Michaelis K, Vilcinskas A. Inhibition of histone acetylation and deacetylation enzymes affects longevity, development, and fecundity in the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 103:e21614. [PMID: 31498475 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Histone acetylation is an evolutionarily conserved epigenetic mechanism of eukaryotic gene regulation which is tightly controlled by the opposing activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). In insects, life-history traits such as longevity and fecundity are severely affected by the suppression of HAT/HDAC activity, which can be achieved by RNA-mediated gene silencing or the application of chemical inhibitors. We used both experimental approaches to investigate the effect of HAT/HDAC inhibition in the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) a model insect often used to study complex life-history traits. The silencing of HAT genes (kat6b, kat7, and kat14) promoted survival or increased the number of offspring, whereas targeting rpd3 (HDAC) reduced the number of viviparous offspring but increased the number of premature nymphs, suggesting a role in embryogenesis and eclosion. Specific chemical inhibitors of HATs/HDACs showed a remarkably severe impact on life-history traits, reducing survival, delaying development, and limiting the number of offspring. The selective inhibition of HATs and HDACs also had opposing effects on aphid body weight. The suppression of HAT/HDAC activity in aphids by RNA interference or chemical inhibition revealed similarities and differences compared to the reported role of these enzymes in other insects. Our data suggest that gene expression in A. pisum is regulated by multiple HATs/HDACs, as indicated by the fitness costs triggered by inhibitors that suppress several of these enzymes simultaneously. Targeting multiple HATs or HDACs with combined effects on gene regulation could, therefore, be a promising approach to discover novel targets for the management of aphid pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillipp Kirfel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marisa Skaljac
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jens Grotmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Kessel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Seip
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katja Michaelis
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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6
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Alleman A, Stoldt M, Feldmeyer B, Foitzik S. Tandem-running and scouting behaviour are characterized by up-regulation of learning and memory formation genes within the ant brain. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:2342-2359. [PMID: 30903719 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tandem-running is a recruitment behaviour in ants that has been described as a form of teaching, where spatial information possessed by a leader is conveyed to following nestmates. Within Temnothorax ants, tandem-running is used within a variety of contexts, from foraging and nest relocation to-in the case of slavemaking species-slave raiding. Here, we elucidate the transcriptomic basis of scouting, tandem-leading and tandem-following behaviours across two species with divergent lifestyles: the slavemaking Temnothorax americanus and its primary, nonparasitic host T. longispinosus. Analysis of gene expression data from brains revealed that only a small number of unique differentially expressed genes are responsible for scouting and tandem-running. Comparison of orthologous genes between T. americanus and T. longispinosus suggests that tandem-running is characterized by species-specific patterns of gene usage. However, within both species, tandem-leaders showed gene expression patterns median to those of scouts and tandem-followers, which was expected, as leaders can be recruited from either of the other two behavioural states. Most importantly, a number of differentially expressed behavioural genes were found, with functions relating to learning and memory formation in other social and nonsocial insects. This includes a number of up-regulated receptor genes such as a glutamate and dopamine receptor, as well as serine/threonine-protein phosphatases and kinases. Learning and memory genes were specifically up-regulated within scouts and tandem-followers, not only reinforcing previous behavioural studies into how Temnothorax navigate novel environments and share information, but also providing insight into the molecular underpinnings of teaching and learning within social insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Alleman
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marah Stoldt
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Barbara Feldmeyer
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Foitzik
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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7
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Roy A, Palli SR. Epigenetic modifications acetylation and deacetylation play important roles in juvenile hormone action. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:934. [PMID: 30547764 PMCID: PMC6295036 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation and post-translational modifications of histones are known to regulate gene expression. Antagonistic activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) mediate transcriptional reprogramming during insect development as shown in Drosophila melanogaster and other insects. Juvenile hormones (JH) play vital roles in the regulation of growth, development, metamorphosis, reproduction and other physiological processes. However, our current understanding of epigenetic regulation of JH action is still limited. Hence, we studied the role of CREB binding protein (CBP, contains HAT domain) and Trichostatin A (TSA, HDAC inhibitor) on JH action. RESULTS Exposure of Tribolium castaneum cells (TcA cells) to JH or TSA caused an increase in expression of Kr-h1 (a known JH-response gene) and 31 or 698 other genes respectively. Knockdown of the gene coding for CBP caused a decrease in the expression of 456 genes including Kr-h1. Interestingly, the expression of several genes coding for transcription factors, nuclear receptors, P450 and fatty acid synthase family members that are known to mediate JH action were affected by CBP knockdown or TSA treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that acetylation and deacetylation mediated by HATs and HDACs play an important role in JH action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Roy
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 USA
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, EXTEMIT-K, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 1176, Prague 6, 165 21 Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 USA
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Sobolewski M, Singh G, Schneider JS, Cory-Slechta DA. Different Behavioral Experiences Produce Distinctive Parallel Changes in, and Correlate With, Frontal Cortex and Hippocampal Global Post-translational Histone Levels. Front Integr Neurosci 2018; 12:29. [PMID: 30072878 PMCID: PMC6060276 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2018.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
While it is clear that behavioral experience modulates epigenetic profiles, it is less evident how the nature of that experience influences outcomes and whether epigenetic/genetic "biomarkers" could be extracted to classify different types of behavioral experience. To begin to address this question, male and female mice were subjected to either a Fixed Interval (FI) schedule of food reward, or a single episode of forced swim followed by restraint stress, or no explicit behavioral experience after which global expression levels of two activating (H3K9ac and H3K4me3) and two repressive (H3K9me2 and H3k27me3) post-translational histone modifications (PTHMs), were measured in hippocampus (HIPP) and frontal cortex (FC). The specific nature of the behavioral experience differentiated profiles of PTHMs in a sex- and brain region-dependent manner, with all 4 PTHMs changing in parallel in response to different behavioral experiences. These different behavioral experiences also modified the pattern of correlations of PTHMs both within and across FC and HIPP. Unexpectedly, highly robust correlations were found between global PTHM levels and behavioral performances, suggesting that global PTHMs may provide a higher-order pattern recognition function. Further efforts are needed to determine the generality of such findings and what characteristics of behavioral experience are critical for modulating PTHM responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Sobolewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Garima Singh
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jay S. Schneider
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Deborah A. Cory-Slechta
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
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9
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Søvik E, Berthier P, Klare WP, Helliwell P, Buckle ELS, Plath JA, Barron AB, Maleszka R. Cocaine Directly Impairs Memory Extinction and Alters Brain DNA Methylation Dynamics in Honey Bees. Front Physiol 2018; 9:79. [PMID: 29487536 PMCID: PMC5816933 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing behavioral disorder. The high relapse rate has often been attributed to the perseverance of drug-associated memories due to high incentive salience of stimuli learnt under the influence of drugs. Drug addiction has also been interpreted as a memory disorder since drug associated memories are unusually enduring and some drugs, such as cocaine, interfere with neuroepigenetic machinery known to be involved in memory processing. Here we used the honey bee (an established invertebrate model for epigenomics and behavioral studies) to examine whether or not cocaine affects memory processing independently of its effect on incentive salience. Using the proboscis extension reflex training paradigm we found that cocaine strongly impairs consolidation of extinction memory. Based on correlation between the observed effect of cocaine on learning and expression of epigenetic processes, we propose that cocaine interferes with memory processing independently of incentive salience by directly altering DNA methylation dynamics. Our findings emphasize the impact of cocaine on memory systems, with relevance for understanding how cocaine can have such an enduring impact on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirik Søvik
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Volda University College, Volda, Norway
| | - Pauline Berthier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - William P Klare
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Helliwell
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Edwina L S Buckle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jenny A Plath
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew B Barron
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryszard Maleszka
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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10
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Cory-Slechta DA, Sobolewski M, Varma G, Schneider JS. Developmental Lead and/or Prenatal Stress Exposures Followed by Different Types of Behavioral Experience Result in the Divergence of Brain Epigenetic Profiles in a Sex, Brain Region, and Time-Dependent Manner: Implications for Neurotoxicology. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017; 6:60-70. [PMID: 29430559 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over a lifetime, early developmental exposures to neurocognitive risk factors, such as lead (Pb) exposures and prenatal stress (PS), will be followed by multiple varied behavioral experiences. Pb, PS and behavioral experience can each influence brain epigenetic profiles. Our recent studies show a greater level of complexity, however, as all three factors interact within each sex to generate differential adult variation in global post-translational histone modifications (PTHMs), which may result in fundamentally different consequences for life-long learning and behavioral function. We have reported that PTHM profiles differ by sex, brain region and time point of measurement following developmental exposures to Pb±PS, resulting in different profiles for each unique combination of these parameters. Imposing differing behavioral experience following developmental Pb±PS results in additional divergence of PTHM profiles, again in a sex, brain region and time-dependent manner, further increasing complexity. Such findings underscore the need to link highly localized and variable epigenetic changes along single genes to the highly-integrated brain functional connectome that is ultimately responsible for governing behavioral function. Here we advance the idea that increased understanding may be achieved through iterative reductionist and holistic approaches. Implications for experimental design of animal studies of developmental exposures to neurotoxicants include the necessity of a 'no behavioral experience' group, given that epigenetic changes in response to behavioral testing can confound effects of the neurotoxicant itself. They also suggest the potential utility of the inclusion of salient behavioral experiences as a potential effect modifier in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Cory-Slechta
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, NY
| | - Marissa Sobolewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, NY
| | - G Varma
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J S Schneider
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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11
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mPer1 promotes morphine-induced locomotor sensitization and conditioned place preference via histone deacetylase activity. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1713-1724. [PMID: 28243713 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previous studies have shown that repeated exposure to drugs of abuse is associated with changes in clock genes expression and that mice strains with various mutations in clock genes show alterations in drug-induced behaviors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to characterize the role of the clock gene mPer1 in the development of morphine-induced behaviors and a possible link to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. METHODS In Per1 Brdm1 null mutant mice and wild-type (WT) littermates, we examined whether there were any differences in the development of morphine antinociception, tolerance to antinociception, withdrawal, sensitization to locomotion, and conditioned place preference (CPP). RESULTS Per1 Brdm1 mutant mice did not show any difference in morphine antinociception, tolerance development, nor in physical withdrawal signs precipitated by naloxone administration compared to WT. However, morphine-induced locomotor sensitization and CPP were significantly impaired in Per1 Brdm1 mutant mice. Because a very similar dissociation between tolerance and dependence vs. sensitization and CPP was recently observed after the co-administration of morphine and the HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate (NaBut), we studied a possible link between mPer1 and HDAC activity. As opposed to WT controls, Per1 Brdm1 mutant mice showed significantly enhanced striatal global HDAC activity within the striatum when exposed to a locomotor-sensitizing morphine administration regimen. Furthermore, the administration of the HDAC inhibitor NaBut restored the ability of morphine to promote locomotor sensitization and reward in Per1 Brdm1 mutant mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that although the mPer1 gene does not alter morphine-induced antinociception nor withdrawal, it plays a prominent role in the development of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization and reward via inhibitory modulation of striatal HDAC activity. These data suggest that PER1 inhibits deacetylation to promote drug-induced neuroplastic changes.
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12
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Gong Z, Wang C, Nieh JC, Tan K. Inhibiting DNA methylation alters olfactory extinction but not acquisition learning in Apis cerana and Apis mellifera. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 90:43-48. [PMID: 27262427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation plays a key role in invertebrate acquisition and extinction memory. Honey bees have excellent olfactory learning, but the role of DNA methylation in memory formation has, to date, only been studied in Apis mellifera. We inhibited DNA methylation by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) with zebularine (zeb) and studied the resulting effects upon olfactory acquisition and extinction memory in two honey bee species, Apis cerana and A. mellifera. We used the proboscis extension reflex (PER) assay to measure memory. We provide the first demonstration that DNA methylation is also important in the olfactory extinction learning of A. cerana. DNMT did not reduce acquisition learning in either species. However, zeb bidirectionally and differentially altered extinction learning in both species. In particular, zeb provided 1h before acquisition learning improved extinction memory retention in A. mellifera, but reduced extinction memory retention in A. cerana. The reasons for these differences are unclear, but provide a basis for future studies to explore species-specific differences in the effects of methylation on memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Gong
- Eastern Bee Research Institute of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Eastern Bee Research Institute of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - James C Nieh
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ken Tan
- Eastern Bee Research Institute of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
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13
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Maleszka R. Epigenetic code and insect behavioural plasticity. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2016; 15:45-52. [PMID: 27436731 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the nature of the genetic control of adaptive behaviours in insects is a major unresolved problem it is now understood that epigenetic mechanisms, bound by genetic constraints, are prime drivers of brain plasticity arising from both developmental and experience-dependent events. With the recent advancements in methylomics and emerging analyses of histones and non-protein-coding RNAs, insect epigenetics is well positioned to ask more direct questions and importantly, address them experimentally. To achieve rapid progress, insect epigenetics needs to focus on mechanistic explanations of epigenomic dynamics and move beyond low-depth genome-wide analyses to cell-type specific epigenomics. One topic of a high priority is the impact of sequence variants on generating differential methylation patterns and their contribution to behavioural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Maleszka
- The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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Mason PH, Domínguez D JF, Winter B, Grignolio A. Hidden in plain view: degeneracy in complex systems. Biosystems 2014; 128:1-8. [PMID: 25543071 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Degeneracy is a word with two meanings. The popular usage of the word denotes deviance and decay. In scientific discourse, degeneracy refers to the idea that different pathways can lead to the same output. In the biological sciences, the concept of degeneracy has been ignored for a few key reasons. Firstly, the word "degenerate" in popular culture has negative, emotionally powerful associations that do not inspire scientists to consider its technical meaning. Secondly, the tendency of searching for single causes of natural and social phenomena means that scientists can overlook the multi-stranded relationships between cause and effect. Thirdly, degeneracy and redundancy are often confused with each other. Degeneracy refers to dissimilar structures that are functionally similar while redundancy refers to identical structures. Degeneracy can give rise to novelty in ways that redundancy cannot. From genetic codes to immunology, vaccinology and brain development, degeneracy is a crucial part of how complex systems maintain their functional integrity. This review article discusses how the scientific concept of degeneracy was imported into genetics from physics and was later introduced to immunology and neuroscience. Using examples of degeneracy in immunology, neuroscience and linguistics, we demonstrate that degeneracy is a useful way of understanding how complex systems function. Reviewing the history and theoretical scope of degeneracy allows its usefulness to be better appreciated, its coherency to be further developed, and its application to be more quickly realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Mason
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, 2037 NSW, Australia.
| | - J F Domínguez D
- Experimental Neuropsychology Research Unit, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - B Winter
- Cognitive and Information Sciences, University of California, Merced 5200 North Lake Rd., Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - A Grignolio
- Section and Museum of History of Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", viale dell'Università, 34a 00185 Rome, Italy
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Pamir E, Szyszka P, Scheiner R, Nawrot MP. Rapid learning dynamics in individual honeybees during classical conditioning. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:313. [PMID: 25309366 PMCID: PMC4164006 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Associative learning in insects has been studied extensively by a multitude of classical conditioning protocols. However, so far little emphasis has been put on the dynamics of learning in individuals. The honeybee is a well-established animal model for learning and memory. We here studied associative learning as expressed in individual behavior based on a large collection of data on olfactory classical conditioning (25 datasets, 3298 animals). We show that the group-averaged learning curve and memory retention score confound three attributes of individual learning: the ability or inability to learn a given task, the generally fast acquisition of a conditioned response (CR) in learners, and the high stability of the CR during consecutive training and memory retention trials. We reassessed the prevailing view that more training results in better memory performance and found that 24 h memory retention can be indistinguishable after single-trial and multiple-trial conditioning in individuals. We explain how inter-individual differences in learning can be accommodated within the Rescorla–Wagner theory of associative learning. In both data-analysis and modeling we demonstrate how the conflict between population-level and single-animal perspectives on learning and memory can be disentangled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren Pamir
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Germany ; Neuroinformatics and Theoretical Neuroscience, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin Germany ; Department Genetics of Learning and Memory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Paul Szyszka
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ricarda Scheiner
- Department of Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin P Nawrot
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Germany ; Neuroinformatics and Theoretical Neuroscience, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin Germany
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