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Hu Y, Huang Y, Zong L, Lin J, Liu X, Ning S. Emerging roles of ferroptosis in pulmonary fibrosis: current perspectives, opportunities and challenges. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:301. [PMID: 38914560 PMCID: PMC11196712 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic interstitial lung disorder characterized by abnormal myofibroblast activation, accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), and thickening of fibrotic alveolar walls, resulting in deteriorated lung function. PF is initiated by dysregulated wound healing processes triggered by factors such as excessive inflammation, oxidative stress, and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Despite advancements in understanding the disease's pathogenesis, effective preventive and therapeutic interventions are currently lacking. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death (RCD) mechanism involving lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) depletion, exhibits unique features distinct from other RCD forms (e.g., apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis). Imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and detoxification leads to ferroptosis, causing cellular dysfunction through lipid peroxidation, protein modifications, and DNA damage. Emerging evidence points to the crucial role of ferroptosis in PF progression, driving macrophage polarization, fibroblast proliferation, and ECM deposition, ultimately contributing to alveolar cell death and lung tissue scarring. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest findings on the involvement and signaling mechanisms of ferroptosis in PF pathogenesis, emphasizing potential novel anti-fibrotic therapeutic approaches targeting ferroptosis for PF management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Xiangtan Center Hospital of Hunan University, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Afflilated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528400, China
| | - Lijuan Zong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Xiangtan Center Hospital of Hunan University, Xiangtan, 411100, China.
| | - Shipeng Ning
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, China.
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Yang S, Pei L, Huang Z, Zhong Y, Li J, Hong Y, Long H, Chen X, Zhou C, Zheng G, Zeng C, Wu H, Wang T. Inhibition of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 can prevent cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction. Mol Med 2024; 30:89. [PMID: 38879488 PMCID: PMC11179352 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to enhanced activity of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, resulting in cardiac fibrosis. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 (ACP5) has been shown to promote cell proliferation and phenotypic transition. However, it remains unclear whether ACP5 is involved in the development of cardiac fibrosis after MI. The present study aimed to investigate the role of ACP5 in post-MI fibrosis and its potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS Clinical blood samples were collected to detect ACP5 concentration. Myocardial fibrosis was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The ACP5 inhibitor, AubipyOMe, was administered by intraperitoneal injection. Cardiac function and morphological changes were observed on Day 28 after injury. Cardiac CFs from neonatal mice were extracted to elucidate the underlying mechanism in vitro. The expression of ACP5 was silenced by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and overexpressed by adeno-associated viruses to evaluate its effect on CF activation. RESULTS The expression of ACP5 was increased in patients with MI, mice with MI, and mice with Ang II-induced fibrosis in vitro. AubipyOMe inhibited cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac function in mice after MI. ACP5 inhibition reduced cell proliferation, migration, and phenotypic changes in CFs in vitro, while adenovirus-mediated ACP5 overexpression had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, the classical profibrotic pathway of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β)/β-catenin was changed with ACP5 modulation, which indicated that ACP5 had a positive regulatory effect. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of ACP5 deficiency on the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway was counteracted by an ERK activator, which indicated that ACP5 regulated GSK3β activity through ERK-mediated phosphorylation, thereby affecting β-catenin degradation. CONCLUSION ACP5 may influence the proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transition of CFs, leading to the development of myocardial fibrosis after MI through modulating the ERK/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Yang
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Liying Pei
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Huang
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yinsheng Zhong
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Hong
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Huibao Long
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xuxiang Chen
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Zhou
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Zheng
- Department of Emergency, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chaotao Zeng
- Department of Emergency, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Haidong Wu
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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Wu J, Hollinger J, Bonanno E, Jiang F, Yao P. Cardiomyocyte-Specific Loss of Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Leads to Disturbed Protein Homeostasis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2023; 13:35. [PMID: 38201239 PMCID: PMC10778562 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS1), an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) ligating glutamic acid and proline to their corresponding tRNAs, plays an essential role in decoding proline codons during translation elongation. The physiological function of EPRS1 in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and the potential effects of the CM-specific loss of Eprs1 remain unknown. Here, we found that heterozygous Eprs1 knockout in CMs does not cause any significant changes in CM hypertrophy induced by pressure overload, while homozygous knockout leads to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and lethality at around 1 month after Eprs1 deletion. The transcriptomic profiling of early-stage Eprs1 knockout hearts suggests a significantly decreased expression of multiple ion channel genes and an increased gene expression in proapoptotic pathways and integrated stress response. Proteomic analysis shows decreased protein expression in multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex components, fatty acids, and branched-chain amino acid metabolic enzymes, as well as a compensatory increase in cytosolic translation machine-related proteins. Immunoblot analysis indicates that multiple proline-rich proteins were reduced at the early stage, which might contribute to the cardiac dysfunction of Eprs1 knockout mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates the physiological and molecular outcomes of loss-of-function of Eprs1 in vivo and provides valuable insights into the potential side effects on CMs, resulting from the EPRS1-targeting therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Wu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Jared Hollinger
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Emily Bonanno
- Undergraduate Program in Biology and Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620, USA;
| | - Feng Jiang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.W.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.W.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Wu J, Hollinger J, Bonanno E, Jiang F, Yao P. Cardiomyocyte-specific Loss of Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Leads to Disturbed Protein Homeostasis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.19.558539. [PMID: 37790482 PMCID: PMC10542137 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.19.558539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS1), an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) ligating glutamic acid and proline to their corresponding tRNAs, plays an essential role in decoding proline codons during translation elongation. The physiological function of EPRS1 in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and the potential effects of CM-specific loss of EPRS1 remain unknown. Here, we found that heterozygous Eprs1 knockout in CMs does not cause any significant changes in CM hypertrophy induced by pressure overload, while homozygous knockout leads to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and lethality at around 1 month after Eprs1 deletion. Transcriptomic profiling of early-stage Eprs1 knockout hearts suggests a significantly decreased expression of multiple ion channel genes and an increased gene expression in proapoptotic pathways and integrated stress response. Proteomic analysis shows decreased protein expression of multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex components, fatty acid, and branched-chain amino acid metabolic enzymes, as well as a compensatory increase in cytosolic translation machine-related proteins. Immunoblot analysis indicated that multiple proline-rich proteins were reduced at the early stage, which might contribute to cardiac dysfunction of Eprs1 knockout mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates the physiological and molecular outcome of loss-of-function of EPRS1 in vivo and provides valuable insights into the potential side effects on CMs resulting from the EPRS1-targeting therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Wu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
| | - Jared Hollinger
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
| | - Emily Bonanno
- Undergraduate Program in Biology and Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620 USA
| | - Feng Jiang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
| | - Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
- The Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
- The Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
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