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Lin PY, Lee YH, Wang RS, Chen TY, Li YJ, Wu YH, Hsu TF, Chang YC. Correlates of the Veterans Visiting Emergency Departments in Taiwan: A Comparison Before and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Mil Med 2024; 189:e148-e156. [PMID: 37256764 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taiwan has a substantial number of veterans, but knowledge regarding their emergency department (ED) visits during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains limited. This study examined the characteristics of veterans' ED visits during Taiwan's COVID-19 epidemic. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the ED of a large veteran medical center located in Taipei, Taiwan, from May 2018 to October 2021. We analyzed the numbers and features of visits in summer and autumn according to the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Taiwan in 2021. RESULTS Medical institutions were positively associated with veteran status. Emergency department complaints of trauma (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06-1.25; summer P < .01) and chest pain/tightness (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.45-1.87; summer P < .01; AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.26-1.55; P < .01) were associated with increased odds of being a veteran. Triage levels above 2 were positively associated with veteran status in the autumn model (AOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07-1.22; P < .01). Patients hospitalized after ED visits were associated with reduced odds of veteran status (P < .01). Those who spent a long time in the ED were more likely to be veterans than those who spent a shorter time in the ED (P < .01). Veterans were less likely to visit the ED regardless of the time frame of the study period (P < .01), except during the COVID-19 outbreak in the autumn (2019-2020). CONCLUSIONS The distinctions in ED visits highlighted the individuality of veterans' medical needs. Our findings suggest that the veteran medical system can add to the focus on improving senior-friendly care, fall prevention, quality of life of institutionalized veterans, access for homeless veterans, and care for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Han Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Ren-Siang Wang
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Yin Chen
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jing Li
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Fu Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Chang
- Center for General Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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2
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Chen YL, Lin YY, Chin PW, Chen CC, Cheng CG, Cheng CA. Analyzing COVID-19 and Air Pollution Effects on Pediatric Asthma Emergency Room Visits in Taiwan. TOXICS 2024; 12:79. [PMID: 38251034 PMCID: PMC10818664 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: An asthma exacerbation that is not relieved with medication typically requires an emergency room visit (ERV). The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in Taiwan in January of 2020. The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric ERVs in Taiwan was limited. Our aim was to survey pediatric asthma ERVs in the COVID-19 era; (2) Methods: Data were collected from the health quality database of the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Administration from 2019 to 2021. Air pollution and climatic factors in Taipei were used to evaluate these relationships. Changes in the rates of pediatric asthma ERVs were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Poisson regression was used to evaluate the impact of air pollution and climate change; (3) Results: The rate of pediatric asthma ERVs declined in different areas and at different hospital levels including medical centers, regional and local hospitals. Some air pollutants (particulate matter ≤ 2.5 µm, particulate matter ≤ 10 µm, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide) reduced during the COVID-19 lockdown. Ozone increased the relative risk (RR) of pediatric asthma ERVs during the COVID-19 period by 1.094 (95% CI: 1.095-1.12) per 1 ppb increase; (4) Conclusions: The rate of pediatric asthma ERVs declined during the COVID-19 pandemic and ozone has harmful effects. Based on these results, the government could reduce the number of pediatric asthma ERVs through healthcare programs, thereby promoting children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Chen
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Yue Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Wei Chin
- Department of Nursing, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Hua-Lien Hospital, Hua-Lien 97061, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Chueh Chen
- Department of General Surgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 65152, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Gu Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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3
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Vidyanti AN, Satiti S, Khairani AF, Fauzi AR, Hardhantyo M, Sufriyana H, Su ECY. Symptom-based scoring technique by machine learning to predict COVID-19: a validation study. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:871. [PMID: 38087249 PMCID: PMC10716953 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surges, such as that which occurred when omicron variants emerged, may overwhelm healthcare systems. To function properly, such systems should balance detection and workloads by improving referrals using simple yet precise and sensitive diagnostic predictions. A symptom-based scoring system was developed using machine learning for the general population, but no validation has occurred in healthcare settings. We aimed to validate a COVID-19 scoring system using self-reported symptoms, including loss of smell and taste as major indicators. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate medical records of patients admitted to Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from March 2020 to December 2021. Outcomes were defined by a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We compared the symptom-based scoring system, as the index test, with antigen tests, antibody tests, and clinical judgements by primary care physicians. To validate use of the index test to improve referral, we evaluated positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity. RESULTS After clinical judgement with a PPV of 61% (n = 327/530, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 60% to 62%), confirmation with the index test resulted in the highest PPV of 85% (n = 30/35, 95% CI: 83% to 87%) but the lowest sensitivity (n = 30/180, 17%, 95% CI: 15% to 19%). If this confirmation was defined by either positive predictive scoring or antigen tests, the PPV was 92% (n = 55/60, 95% CI: 90% to 94%). Meanwhile, the sensitivity was 88% (n = 55/62, 95% CI: 87% to 89%), which was higher than that when using only antigen tests (n = 29/41, 71%, 95% CI: 69% to 73%). CONCLUSIONS The symptom-based COVID-19 predictive score was validated in healthcare settings for its precision and sensitivity. However, an impact study is needed to confirm if this can balance detection and workload for the next COVID-19 surge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Nur Vidyanti
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
- Department of Neurology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Sekar Satiti
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
- Department of Neurology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Atitya Fithri Khairani
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
- Department of Neurology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Aditya Rifqi Fauzi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Hardhantyo
- Center for Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
- Faculty of Health Science, Respati University Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Herdiantri Sufriyana
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya, 60237, Indonesia
| | - Emily Chia-Yu Su
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Clinical Big Data Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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4
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Lin PY, Kaplan W, Lin CH, Lee YH. Taiwan's National Health Insurance at the Emergency Department following the COVID-19 outbreak. Public Health Nurs 2023. [PMID: 36882994 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) is a widely acclaimed universal healthcare system. In the past few years, particularly following the COVID-19 outbreak, challenges related to maintaining the NHI system have surfaced. Since 2020, NHI has faced a series of challenges, including excessive patient visits to the hospital emergency department, a lack of an effective primary care and referral system, and a high turnover rate of healthcare workers. We review major problems related to Taiwan's NHI, emphasizing input from frontline healthcare workers. We provide recommendations for potential policies addressing the concerns around NHI, for example, strengthening the role of primary care services under the NHI administration, reducing the high turnover rate of healthcare workers, and increase the premium and copayments. We hope that this policy analysis may allow policymakers and scholars to understand both the merits and critical problems related to NHI from the clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Lin
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Chia-Hung Lin
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Han Lee
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
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5
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Lin C, Chau T, Lin CS, Shang HS, Fang WH, Lee DJ, Lee CC, Tsai SH, Wang CH, Lin SH. Point-of-care artificial intelligence-enabled ECG for dyskalemia: a retrospective cohort analysis for accuracy and outcome prediction. NPJ Digit Med 2022; 5:8. [PMID: 35046489 PMCID: PMC8770475 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-021-00550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyskalemias are common electrolyte disorders associated with high cardiovascular risk. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted electrocardiography (ECG) has been evaluated as an early-detection approach for dyskalemia. The aims of this study were to determine the clinical accuracy of AI-assisted ECG for dyskalemia and prognostic ability on clinical outcomes such as all-cause mortality, hospitalizations, and ED revisits. This retrospective cohort study was done at two hospitals within a health system from May 2019 to December 2020. In total, 26,499 patients with 34,803 emergency department (ED) visits to an academic medical center and 6492 ED visits from 4747 patients to a community hospital who had a 12-lead ECG to estimate ECG-K+ and serum laboratory potassium measurement (Lab-K+) within 1 h were included. ECG-K+ had mean absolute errors (MAEs) of ≤0.365 mmol/L. Area under receiver operating characteristic curves for ECG-K+ to predict moderate-to-severe hypokalemia (Lab-K+ ≤3 mmol/L) and moderate-to-severe hyperkalemia (Lab-K+ ≥ 6 mmol/L) were >0.85 and >0.95, respectively. The U-shaped relationships between K+ concentration and adverse outcomes were more prominent for ECG-K+ than for Lab-K+. ECG-K+ and Lab-K+ hyperkalemia were associated with high HRs for 30-day all-cause mortality. Compared to hypokalemic Lab-K+, patients with hypokalemic ECG-K+ had significantly higher risk for adverse outcomes after full confounder adjustment. In addition, patients with normal Lab-K+ but dyskalemic ECG-K+ (pseudo-positive) also exhibited more co-morbidities and had worse outcomes. Point-of-care bloodless AI ECG-K+ not only rapidly identified potentially severe hypo- and hyperkalemia, but also may serve as a biomarker for medical complexity and an independent predictor for adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Lin
- Medical Technology Education Center, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tom Chau
- Department of Medicine, Providence St. Vincent Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Chin-Sheng Lin
- Medical Technology Education Center, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Sheng Shang
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Hui Fang
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ding-Jie Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Cheng Lee
- Department of Medical Infromatics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shi-Hung Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hung Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Hua Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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6
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Lam C, Yen JC, Wu CC, Lin HY, Hsu MH. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Treatment Efficiency for Traumatic Brain Injury in the Emergency Department: A Multicenter Study in Taiwan. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225314. [PMID: 34830592 PMCID: PMC8621260 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted emergency department (ED) practice, including the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI), which is commonly encountered in the ED. Our study aimed to evaluate TBI treatment efficiency in the ED during the COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective observational study was conducted using the electronic medical records from three hospitals in metropolitan Taipei, Taiwan. The time from ED arrival to brain computed tomography (CT) and the time from ED arrival to surgical management were used as measures of treatment efficiency. TBI treatment efficiencies in the ED coinciding with a small-scale local COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 (P1) and large-scale community spread in 2021 (P2) were compared against the pre-pandemic efficiency recorded in 2019. The interval between ED arrival and brain CT was significantly shortened during P1 and P2 compared with the pre-pandemic interval, and no significant delay between ED arrival and surgical management was found, indicating increased treatment efficiency for TBI in the ED during the COVID-19 pandemic. Minimizing viral spread in the community and the hospital is vital to maintaining ED treatment efficiency and capacity. The ED should retain sufficient capacity to treat older patients with serious TBI during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lam
- Emergency Department, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan; (C.L.); (C.-C.W.)
- Department of Emergency, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11030, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chuan Yen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 10629, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11030, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Wu
- Emergency Department, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan; (C.L.); (C.-C.W.)
- Department of Emergency, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11030, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Yu Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11030, Taiwan;
| | - Min-Huei Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11030, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-66382736 (ext. 1105)
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7
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Kepka S, Ohana M, Séverac F, Muller J, Bayle E, Ruch Y, Laugel E, Oberlin M, Solis M, Hansmann Y, Bilbault P, Fafi Kremer S. Rapid Antigen Test Combined with Chest Computed Tomography to Rule Out COVID-19 in Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3455. [PMID: 34441750 PMCID: PMC8397078 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Correct and timely identification of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients is critical in the emergency department (ED) prior to admission to medical wards. Antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) are a rapid alternative to Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the diagnosis of COVID-19 but have lower sensitivity. METHODS We evaluated the performance in real-life conditions of a strategy combining Ag-RDT and chest computed tomography (CT) to rule out COVID-19 infection in 1015 patients presenting in the ED between 16 November 2020 and 18 January 2021 in order to allow non-COVID-19 patients to be hospitalized in dedicated units directly. The combined strategy performed in the ED for patients with COVID-19 symptoms was assessed and compared with RT-PCR. RESULTS Compared with RT-PCR, the negative predictive value was 96.7% for Ag-RDT alone, 98.5% for Ag-RDT/CT combined, and increased to 100% for patients with low viral load. CONCLUSION A strategy combining Ag-RDT and chest CT is effective in ruling out COVID-19 in ED patients with high precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Kepka
- Emergency Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France; (E.B.); (M.O.); (P.B.)
- URCEco, Hôtel Dieu, AP-HP, 1 Place du Parvis Notre Dame, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Mickaël Ohana
- Radiology Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France;
| | - François Séverac
- Groupe Méthodes en Recherche Clinique (GMRC), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Joris Muller
- Public Health Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Eric Bayle
- Emergency Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France; (E.B.); (M.O.); (P.B.)
| | - Yvon Ruch
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France; (Y.R.); (Y.H.)
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.L.); (M.S.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Elodie Laugel
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.L.); (M.S.); (S.F.K.)
- Department of Virology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mathieu Oberlin
- Emergency Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France; (E.B.); (M.O.); (P.B.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Morgane Solis
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.L.); (M.S.); (S.F.K.)
- Department of Virology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yves Hansmann
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France; (Y.R.); (Y.H.)
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.L.); (M.S.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Pascal Bilbault
- Emergency Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France; (E.B.); (M.O.); (P.B.)
- UMR 1260, INSERM/Université de Strasbourg CRBS, 1 rue Eugene Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Samira Fafi Kremer
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.L.); (M.S.); (S.F.K.)
- Department of Virology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
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8
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Sahin AA, Khalil E. LOWER EXTREMITY PROBLEMS AND RELATED SURGICAL PROCEDURES BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN A TERTIARY HEALTHCARE INSTITUTION. SANAMED 2021. [DOI: 10.24125/sanamed.v16i2.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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