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Chlabicz M, Jamiołkowski J, Dubatówka M, Sołomacha S, Chlabicz M, Zieleniewska N, Sowa P, Szpakowicz A, Moniuszko-Malinowska AM, Flisiak R, Moniuszko M, Kamiński KA. Cardiovascular risk and the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based and case‒control studies. Popul Health Metr 2024; 22:18. [PMID: 39030517 PMCID: PMC11264470 DOI: 10.1186/s12963-024-00338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with increases in morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mechanisms of how SARS-CoV-2 may cause cardiovascular (CV) complications are under investigation. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CV risk. METHODS These are single-centre Bialystok PLUS (Poland) population-based and case‒control studies. The survey was conducted between 2018 and 2022 on a sample of residents (n = 1507) of a large city in central Europe and patients 6-9 months post-COVID-19 infection (n = 126). The Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation 2 (SCORE2), the Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation 2-Older Persons (SCORE2-OP), the Cardiovascular Disease Framingham Heart Study and the LIFEtime-perspective model for individualizing CardioVascular Disease prevention strategies in apparently healthy people (LIFE-CVD) were used. Subsequently, the study populations were divided into CV risk classes according to the 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. RESULTS The study population consisted of 4 groups: a general population examined before (I, n = 691) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (II, n = 816); a group of 126 patients post-COVID-19 infection (III); and a control group matched subjects chosen from the pre-COVID-19 pandemic (IV). Group II was characterized by lower blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) values than group I. Group III differed from the control group in terms of lower LDL-c level. There was no effect on CV risk in the general population, but in the population post-COVID-19 infection, CV risk was lower using FS-lipids, FS-BMI and LIFE-CVD 10-year risk scores compared to the prepandemic population. In all subgroups analysed, no statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of CV risk classes. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic did not increase the CV risk calculated for primary prevention. Instead, it prompted people to pay attention to their health status, as evidenced by better control of some CV risk factors. As the COVID-19 pandemic has drawn people's attention to health, it is worth exploiting this opportunity to improve public health knowledge through the design of wide-ranging information campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Chlabicz
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
- Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Jamiołkowski
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
| | - Marlena Dubatówka
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
| | - Sebastian Sołomacha
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chlabicz
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Sowa
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
| | - Anna Szpakowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Robert Flisiak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karol A Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland.
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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Chen Y, Wang S, Li J, Fu Y, Chen P, Liu X, Zhang J, Sun L, Zhang R, Li X, Liu L. The relationships between biological novel biomarkers Lp-PLA 2 and CTRP-3 and CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13574. [PMID: 38924255 PMCID: PMC11199973 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is recognized as a primary and severe comorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is also identified as a leading cause of mortality within this population. Consequently, the identification of novel biomarkers for the risk stratification and progression of CVD in individuals with T2DM is of critical importance. METHODS This retrospective cohort study encompassed 979 patients diagnosed with T2DM, of whom 116 experienced CVD events during the follow-up period. Clinical assessments and comprehensive blood laboratory analyses were conducted. Age- and sex-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the association between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP-3), and the incidence of CVD in T2DM. The diagnostic performance of these biomarkers was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the computation of the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 84 months (interquartile range: 42 [32-54] months), both novel inflammatory markers, Lp-PLA2 and CTRP-3, and traditional lipid indices, such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B, exhibited aberrant expression in the CVD-afflicted subset of the T2DM cohort. Age- and sex-adjusted Cox regression analysis delineated that Lp-PLA2 (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.007 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.005-1.009], p < 0.001) and CTRP-3 (HR = 0.943 [95% CI: 0.935-0.954], p < 0.001) were independently associated with the manifestation of CVD in T2DM. ROC curve analysis indicated a substantial predictive capacity for Lp-PLA2 (AUC = 0.81 [95% CI: 0.77-0.85], p < 0.001) and CTRP-3 (AUC = 0.91 [95% CI: 0.89-0.93], p < 0.001) in forecasting CVD occurrence in T2DM. The combined biomarker approach yielded an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.93-0.96), p < 0.001, indicating enhanced diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the biomarkers Lp-PLA2 and CTRP-3 are dysregulated in patients with T2DM who develop CVD and that each biomarker is independently associated with the occurrence of CVD. The combined assessment of Lp-PLA2 and CTRP-3 may significantly augment the diagnostic precision for CVD in the T2DM demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Chen
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Shixin Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Yu Fu
- Central LaboratoryXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Pengsheng Chen
- Department of EndocrinologyXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Xuekui Liu
- Xuzhou Institute of Medical ScienceXuzhouChina
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Li Sun
- Department of EndocrinologyXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of CardiologyXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Lingling Liu
- Department of CardiologyXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
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Okruszko MA, Szabłowski M, Zarzecki M, Michnowska-Kobylińska M, Lisowski Ł, Łapińska M, Stachurska Z, Szpakowicz A, Kamiński KA, Konopińska J. Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma: Isolated Eye Disease or a Part of a Systemic Disorder? - Serum Proteomic Analysis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1021-1037. [PMID: 38370463 PMCID: PMC10874189 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s434989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glaucoma is the most common optic neuropathy and the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, which affects 3.54% of the population aged 40-80 years. Despite numerous published studies, some aspects of glaucoma pathogenesis, serum biomarkers, and their potential link with other diseases remain unclear. Recent articles have proposed that autoimmune, oxidative stress and inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Methods We investigated the serum expression of 92 inflammatory and neurotrophic factors in glaucoma patients. The study group consisted of 26 glaucoma patients and 192 healthy subjects based on digital fundography. Results Patients with glaucoma had significantly lower serum expression of IL-2Rβ, TWEAK, CX3CL1, CD6, CD5, LAP TGF-beta1, LIF-R, TRAIL, NT-3, and CCL23 and significantly higher expression of IL-22Rα1. Conclusion Our results indicate that patients with glaucoma tend to have lower levels of neuroprotective proteins and higher levels of neuroinflammatory proteins, similar to those observed in psychiatric, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, indicating a potential link between these conditions and glaucoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciej Szabłowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, 15-089, Poland
| | - Mateusz Zarzecki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, 15-089, Poland
| | | | - Łukasz Lisowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, 15-089, Poland
| | - Magda Łapińska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Zofia Stachurska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Szpakowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Karol Adam Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Konopińska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, 15-089, Poland
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Budnik A, Palewski M, Michnowska-Kobylińska M, Lisowski Ł, Łapińska M, Stachurska Z, Szpakowicz A, Konstantynowicz J, Kamiński K, Konopińska J. The prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and osteoporosis in the older Polish population: Is there a link? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293143. [PMID: 37856460 PMCID: PMC10586687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration is the primary cause of irreversible blindness in developed countries, whereas the global prevalence of osteoporosis-a major public health problem-is 19.7%. Both diseases may coincide in populations aged >50 years, leading to serious health deterioration and decreased quality of life. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the relationship between age-related macular degeneration and osteopenia, defined as decreased bone mineral density, in the Polish population. METHODS Participants were derived from the population-based Bialystok PLUS Study. Randomized individuals were stratified into two groups, those with age-related macular degeneration (AMD-1 group) or without age-related macular degeneration (AMD-0 group). Using a cutoff value of -1.0 to identify low bone mass, participants with femoral bone mineral density T-scores above -1.0 were assigned to the normal reference, and those with T-scores below -1.0 were assigned to the osteopenia category. Among 436 Caucasian participants aged 50-80 years (252 women, 184 men), the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration was 9.9% in women and 12.0% in men. Decreased bone mineral density based on T-scores was observed in 36.9% of women and in 18.9% of men. Significant differences in femoral bone mineral density between the AMD-0 and AMD-1 groups were detected only in men (mean difference [95% confidence interval] = 0.11 (0.02; 0.13); p = 0.012 for femoral bone mineral density, and 0.73 [0.015; 0.94]; p = 0.011 for the femoral T-score). No associations were observed between bone mineral density and age-related macular degeneration in women. CONCLUSION Decreased femoral bone mineral density may be associated with a higher risk of age-related macular degeneration in men, but a causal link remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Budnik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Palewski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Łukasz Lisowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Magda Łapińska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Zofia Stachurska
- Population Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Szpakowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jerzy Konstantynowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Rheumatology, Immunology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Karol Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Konopińska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Szpakowicz A, Szum-Jakubowska A, Lisowska A, Dubatówka M, Raczkowski A, Czajkowski M, Szczerbiński Ł, Chlabicz M, Krętowski A, Kamiński KA. The FCGR2A Is Associated with the Presence of Atherosclerotic Plaques in the Carotid Arteries-A Case-Control Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6480. [PMID: 37892617 PMCID: PMC10607679 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries (APCA) are a prevalent condition with severe potential complications. Studies continuously search for innovative biomarkers for APCA, including those participating in cellular metabolic processes, cell adhesion, immune response, and complement activation. This study aimed to assess the relationship between APCA presence and a broad range of cardiometabolic biomarkers in the general population. METHODS The study group consisted of consecutive participants of the population study Bialystok PLUS. The proximity extension assay (PEA) technique from the Olink Laboratory (Uppsala, Sweden) was used to measure the levels of 92 cardiometabolic biomarkers. RESULTS The study comprised 693 participants (mean age 48.78 ± 15.27 years, 43.4% males, N = 301). APCA was identified in 46.2% of the participants (N = 320). Of the 92 biomarkers that were investigated, 54 were found to be significantly linked to the diagnosis of APCA. After adjusting for the traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis in multivariate analysis, the only biomarker that remained significantly associated with APCA was FCGR2A. CONCLUSION In the general population, the prevalence of APCA is very high. A range of biomarkers are linked with APCA. Nonetheless, the majority of these associations are explained by traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis. The only biomarker that was independently associated with APCA was the FCGR2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szpakowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (A.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Szum-Jakubowska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Lisowska
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (A.S.)
| | - Marlena Dubatówka
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Raczkowski
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Czajkowski
- Department of Informatics, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45A, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szczerbiński
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Chlabicz
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Karol Adam Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Chlabicz M, Szum-Jakubowska A, Sowa P, Chlabicz M, Sołomacha S, Kiszkiel Ł, Minarowski Ł, Guziejko K, Laskowski PP, Moniuszko-Malinowska AM, Kamiński KA. The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Self-Reported Health Status and Smoking and Drinking Habits in the General Urban Population. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6241. [PMID: 37834884 PMCID: PMC10573656 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic created a significant crisis in global health. The aim of the study was to compare the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-rated health status and smoking and alcohol habits. The Bialystok PLUS cohort study was conducted in 2018-2022. A total of 1222 randomly selected city residents were examined and divided into two groups: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants' lifestyle habits and medical history were collected from self-reported questionnaires. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) were used to assess the degree of alcohol and nicotine dependence. The survey revealed a reduced frequency of reported allergies vs. an increased frequency of reported sinusitis and asthma; increased incidence of declared hypercholesterolemia and visual impairment; a reduced number of cigarettes smoked per day, lower FTND score, and a greater desire to quit smoking in the next six months; and an increase in hs-CRP and FeNO levels in the population during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic population. The COVID-19 pandemic had a measurable impact on the general population's prevalence of certain medical conditions and lifestyle habits. Further research should continue to examine the long-term health implications of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Chlabicz
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.-J.); (P.S.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Szum-Jakubowska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.-J.); (P.S.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Paweł Sowa
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.-J.); (P.S.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Chlabicz
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.-J.); (P.S.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
- Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sebastian Sołomacha
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.-J.); (P.S.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Łukasz Kiszkiel
- Society and Cognition Unit, Institute of Sociology, University of Bialystok, 15-420 Bialystok, Poland; (Ł.K.); (P.P.L.)
| | - Łukasz Minarowski
- 2nd Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland; (Ł.M.); (K.G.)
| | - Katarzyna Guziejko
- 2nd Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland; (Ł.M.); (K.G.)
| | - Piotr P. Laskowski
- Society and Cognition Unit, Institute of Sociology, University of Bialystok, 15-420 Bialystok, Poland; (Ł.K.); (P.P.L.)
| | - Anna M. Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfection, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Karol A. Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.C.); (A.S.-J.); (P.S.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
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Singh A, Dixit P. Sex-specific prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in adults in India: a study for developing sex-specific public policy from the longitudinal ageing study in India (LASI) data 2017-2018. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:85. [PMID: 37626344 PMCID: PMC10464490 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hypertension is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of mortality among Indian adults. The difference in health status between men and women is becoming a great burden in itself worldwide. This study aimed to examine the differences between men and women in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and related risk factors among people aged 45 and older in India using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India in 2017-2018. METHODS Descriptive statistics were presented separately for males and females. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the socio-demographic, lifestyle behaviours, and biological factors associated with the prevalence of hypertension. All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata Version 16.0 statistical software. The study of the data was conducted using survey weights available in the LASI datasets. KEY FINDINGS Overall, the study found that 45.1% of the study population had hypertension, with 26.9% self-reporting their condition and 30% having hypertension at the time of measurement. Approximately 41% of males and 59% of females had hypertension. The self-reported hypertension of men was found to differ significantly from measured hypertension by 8.7%, while in women the difference was only 1.2%. Diabetes was found to increase the odds of having hypertension in both males (OR = 3.65, 95% CI (3.37-3.97)) and females (OR = 3.46, 95% CI (3.21-3.74)). CONCLUSION The difference between self-reported and measured hypertension in men and women is contributing to sex-gender and health inequalities that must be addressed. For adult females with hypertension, it is important to prioritize obesity, education level, physical activity, and regular clinic visits to manage chronic conditions. Based on our findings, policy recommendations can be made to focus on increasing women's literacy, promoting men's screening for hypertension, banning tobacco and alcohol sales, and organizing hypertension awareness campaigns specifically for men and in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Singh
- School of Health Systems Studies (SHSS), Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), V. N. Purav Marg, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Priyanka Dixit
- Centre for Health and Social Sciences, School of Health Systems Studies (SHSS), Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), V. N. Purav Marg, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India
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8
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Lisowska A, Dubatówka M, Chlabicz M, Jamiołkowski J, Kondraciuk M, Szyszkowska A, Knapp M, Szpakowicz A, Łukasiewicz A, Kamiński K. Disparities in the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Carotid and Lower Extremities Atherosclerosis in a General Population—Bialystok PLUS Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072627. [PMID: 37048709 PMCID: PMC10095274 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted in a representative sample of area residents aged 20–80 years old. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of classic risk factors of atherosclerosis in the studied population and to search for new risk factors in these patient subpopulations. A total of 795 people (mean age 48.64 ± 15.24 years, 45.5% male) were included in the study group. Two independent data analyses were performed. In the first analysis, the study group was divided into two subgroups depending on the presence or absence of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries (APCA). APCA were observed in 49.7% of the study group: in the population aged between 41 and 60 years in 49.3%, and those between 61 and 70 years in 86.3%. Patients with APCA were more often diagnosed with arterial hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. In the second analysis, the study group was divided into two subgroups depending on the presence of lower extremities atherosclerotic disease (LEAD). Patients with an ABI (ankle-brachial index) ≤ 0.9 constituted 8.5% of the study group, and they were significantly older, and more often diagnosed with diabetes and APCA. To identify the factors most strongly associated with APCA and an ABI ≤ 0.9, logistic regression was used, with stepwise elimination of variables. The strongest factors associated with APCA were current smoking and diastolic central pressure. We did not note such an association and did not find additional parameters to facilitate the diagnosis of LEAD in asymptomatic patients. The most important observation in our study was the high prevalence of APCA in the study population, especially in the group of young people under the age of 60.
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Guziejko K, Moniuszko-Malinowska A, Czupryna P, Dubatówka M, Łapińska M, Raczkowski A, Sowa P, Kiszkiel Ł, Minarowski Ł, Moniuszko M, Groth M, Kaminski KA. Assessment of Pulmonary Function Tests in COVID-19 Convalescents Six Months after Infection. J Clin Med 2022; 11:7052. [PMID: 36498626 PMCID: PMC9737969 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the pulmonary function tests (PFT) in COVID-19 convalescents six months after recovery. Additionally, the research question was whether PFT should be performed routinely in post-COVID-19 patients. Methods: A total of 39 patients with a history of COVID-19 6 months prior to the study were included in the study (Group I). Individuals were hospitalized or treated in the outpatients department. The control group (Group II) consisted of 39 healthy patients without a COVID-19 history. Each subject completed a questionnaire interview and underwent laboratory and pulmonary function examinations. Results: Six months after COVID-19 recovery, patients mainly complained about cough (46%, n = 18), shortness of breath (23%, n = 9), weakness (13%, n = 5), and memory/concentration disorders (8%, n = 3). In the group of patients complaining of persistent cough present 6 months after COVID-19, the following PFT parameters were decreased: FEV1, FVC, FRC, TLC, and DLCO (p < 0.05) in comparison with patients without this symptom. Conclusions: Persistent shortness of breath is not necessarily associated with pulmonary function impairment in patients 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and hence it requires appropriate differential diagnosis. Patients with a cough persisting 6 months after the acute phase of COVID-19 may benefit from PFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Guziejko
- 2nd Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Czupryna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marlena Dubatówka
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. J. Kilinskiego 1, 15-259 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magda Łapińska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. J. Kilinskiego 1, 15-259 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Raczkowski
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. J. Kilinskiego 1, 15-259 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Paweł Sowa
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. J. Kilinskiego 1, 15-259 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kiszkiel
- Society and Cognition Unit, University of Bialystok, 15-403 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Łukasz Minarowski
- 2nd Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Groth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karol A. Kaminski
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. J. Kilinskiego 1, 15-259 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
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Elevated Plasma Levels of C1qTNF1 Protein in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glucose Disturbances. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154391. [PMID: 35956011 PMCID: PMC9369205 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research has provided increasing evidence for the importance of inflammatory etiology in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. This study assessed the profile of inflammatory cytokines in the serum of patients with AMD and coexisting glucose disturbances (GD). This prospective population-based cohort study addressed the determinants and occurrence of cardiovascular, neurological, ophthalmic, psychiatric, and endocrine diseases in residents of Bialystok, Poland. To make the group homogenous in terms of inflammatory markers, we analyzed only subjects with glucose disturbances (GD: diabetes or prediabetes). Four hundred fifty-six patients aged 50–80 were included. In the group of patients without macular degenerative changes, those with GD accounted for 71.7%, while among those with AMD, GD accounted for 89.45%. Increased serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines were observed in both AMD and GD groups. C1qTNF1 concentration was statistically significantly higher in the group of patients with AMD, with comparable levels of concentrations of other proinflammatory cytokines. C1qTNF1 may act as a key mediator in the integration of lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses in macrophages. Moreover, C1qTNF1 levels are increased after exposure to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), which plays a key role in atherosclerotic plaque formation and is also a major component of the drusen observed in AMD. C1qTNF1 may, therefore, prove to be a link between the accumulation of oxLDL and the induction of local inflammation in the development of AMD with concomitant GD.
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Karczewska-Kupczewska M, Nikołajuk A, Kondraciuk M, Stachurska Z, Dubatówka M, Szpakowicz A, Strączkowski M, Kowalska I, Kamiński K. The relationships between FLAIS, a novel insulin sensitivity index, and cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:55. [PMID: 35439985 PMCID: PMC9020075 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01491-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recently, we have developed a novel index, FLAIS (Fasting Laboratory Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity), which accurately reflects insulin sensitivity, measured with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, in different groups of subjects. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship of FLAIS with cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based study. Methods The study group comprised 339 individuals from the ongoing Białystok Plus study, without previously known diabetes. Clinical examination, oral glucose tolerance test and the measurement of blood laboratory parameters were performed. Results Prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) was diagnosed in 165 individuals whereas type 2 diabetes was diagnosed in 19 subjects. FLAIS was lower in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes in comparison with individuals with normal glucose tolerance. FLAIS was significantly related to waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in the entire study group and in the subgroups with normal glucose tolerance and with prediabetes/diabetes. HOMA-IR, QUICKI and Matsuda index were not related to blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Majority of the adjusted models with FLAIS were characterized by better fit with the data in comparison with other indices for all cardiovascular risk factors except waist circumference. Conclusions FLAIS represents useful index to assess the cluster of insulin resistance-associated cardiovascular risk factors in general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, M.C. Skłodowskiej 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marcin Kondraciuk
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Zofia Stachurska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marlena Dubatówka
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Szpakowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marek Strączkowski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Irina Kowalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, M.C. Skłodowskiej 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Karol Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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12
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Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity Is Inversely Associated with Prediabetes and Insulin Resistance in Bialystok PLUS Population. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020283. [PMID: 35204166 PMCID: PMC8868177 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and occurrence of prediabetes, diabetes and insulin resistance in the Bialystok PLUS (Polish Longitudinal University Study) population. Daily food consumption was estimated by 3-days 24-h dietary recalls. DTAC was calculated using the date of food consumption and antioxidant potential of foods measured by FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant potential) method. The following measurements were performed to identify prediabetes, diabetes and HOMA-IR: fasting glucose (FG), 2h postprandial glucose level (2h-PG), fasting insulin (FI), glycated hemoglobin HbA1c. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between DTAC and prediabetes and diabetes. This study demonstrated that higher quartile of DTAC, after adjustment for confounding variables, was significantly associated with a reduced odds ratio for the prevalence of prediabetes in Bialystok PLUS population aged 35–65 years. DTAC was also significantly inversely associated with HOMA-IR in multivariate linear regression model. DTAC was positively related to individual dietary antioxidants (polyphenols, antioxidant vitamins and minerals). Reduced DTAC may be considered as an additional risk factor for the development of diabetes. Therefore, dietary recommendations for prevention and therapy of diabetes should take into account the high DTAC.
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Chlabicz M, Jamiołkowski J, Łaguna W, Dubatówka M, Sowa P, Łapińska M, Szpakowicz A, Zieleniewska N, Zalewska M, Raczkowski A, Kamiński KA. Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modification vs. Therapeutic, Preventative Strategies for Reducing Cardiovascular Risk in Primary Prevention-A Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030688. [PMID: 35160138 PMCID: PMC8836845 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are still the leading cause of death in developed countries. The aim of this study was to calculate the potential for CV risk reduction when using three different prevention strategies to evaluate the effect of primary prevention. METHODS A total of 931 individuals aged 20-79 years old from the Bialystok PLUS Study were analyzed. The study population was divided into CV risk classes. The Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE), Framingham Risk Score (FRS), and LIFE-CVD were used to assess CV risk. The optimal prevention strategy assumed the attainment of therapeutic goals according to the European guidelines. The moderate strategy assumed therapeutic goals in participants with increased risk factors: a reduction in systolic blood pressure by 10 mmHg when it was above 140 mmHg, a reduction in total cholesterol by 25% when it was above 190 mg/dL, and a reduction in body mass index below 30. The minimal prevention strategy assumed that CV risk would be lowered by lifestyle modifications. The greatest CV risk reduction was achieved in the optimal model and then in the minimal model, and the lowest risk reduction was achieved in the moderate model, e.g., using the optimal model of prevention (Model 1). In the total population, we achieved a reduction of -1.74% in the 10-year risk of CVD death (SCORE) in relation to the baseline model, a -0.85% reduction when using the moderate prevention model (Model 2), and a -1.11% reduction when using the minimal prevention model (Model 3). However, in the low CV risk class, the best model was the minimal one (risk reduction of -0.72%), which showed even better results than the optimal one (reduction of -0.69%) using the FRS. CONCLUSION A strategy based on lifestyle modifications in a population without established CVD could be more effective than the moderate strategy used in the present study. Moreover, applying a minimal strategy to the low CV risk class population may even be beneficial for an optimal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Chlabicz
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
- Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Jamiołkowski
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Wojciech Łaguna
- Faculty of Computer Science, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-259 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Marlena Dubatówka
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Paweł Sowa
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Magda Łapińska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Anna Szpakowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Natalia Zieleniewska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Magdalena Zalewska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Andrzej Raczkowski
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Karol A. Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (J.J.); (M.D.); (P.S.); (M.Ł.); (N.Z.); (M.Z.); (A.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-259 Białystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-856-865-371
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