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Jin H, Liu X, Liu HX. Biological function, regulatory mechanism, and clinical application of mannose in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188970. [PMID: 37657682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Studies examining the regulatory roles and clinical applications of monosaccharides other than glucose in cancer have been neglected. Mannose, a common type of monosaccharide found in human body fluids and tissues, primarily functions in protein glycosylation rather than carbohydrate metabolism. Recent research has demonstrated direct anticancer effects of mannose in vitro and in vivo. Simply supplementing cell culture medium or drinking water with mannose achieved these effects. Moreover, mannose enhances the effectiveness of current cancer treatments including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immune therapy. Besides the advancements in basic research on the anticancer effects of mannose, recent studies have reported its application as a biomarker for cancer or in the delivery of anticancer drugs using mannose-modified drug delivery systems. This review discusses the progress made in understanding the regulatory roles of mannose in cancer progression, the mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects, and its current application in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyi Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong-Xu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China; Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China.
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Pirfenidone Attenuates the EMT Process and the Secretion of VEGF in TGF- β2-Induced ARPE-19 Cells via Inhibiting the Activation of the NF- κB/Snail Signaling Pathway. J Ophthalmol 2023; 2023:4798071. [PMID: 36756225 PMCID: PMC9902120 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4798071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Pirfenidone (PFD), an antifibrotic drug, has various beneficial functions such as antioxidant, antifibrotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying how PFD modulates retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells involved in neovascularization and subretinal fibrosis. Methods ARPE-19 cell lines were treated with transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) alone or in combination with PFD. RPE cell viability, as a consequence of PFD use, was determined by the CCK-8 assay. Cell migration was assessed by the wound closure assay and quantified by the Image J software. Protein expression of the following markers was measured by the western blot analysis: an epithelial cell marker and E-cadherin; mesenchymal cell markers, fibronectin, matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA); a fibrotic marker and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF); an angiogenesis marker and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); NF-κB/Snail. The mRNA levels of fibronectin and α-SMA were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. VEGF was quantitatively measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The cell viability assay revealed that PFD had no significant cytotoxic effect on RPE cells at concentrations of less than 1 mg/mL. The cell scratch assay showed that TGF-β2 stimulation significantly improved the migration of RPE cells and that PFD attenuated this effect. PFD significantly inhibited the TGF-β2-induced protein expression of E-cadherin and increased the TGF-β2-induced protein expression of fibronectin, MMP-9, α-SMA, CTGF, and VEGF in ARPE-19 cells. The mRNA expression of fibronectin and α-SMA was inhibited by PFD in TGF-β2-inducedARPE-19 cells. Additionally, the increased intracellular and supernatant expression of VEGF protein was suppressed by PFD. Mechanistically, RPE cells treated with PFD + TGF-β2 exhibited a decrease in phosphorylation of the NF-κB P65 subunit and activation of Snail, compared with the RPE cells treated with TGF-β2 alone. Conclusion PFD ameliorated TGF-β2-induced neovascularization and fibrosis by suppressing the NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway. Therefore, PFD may be a potential drug in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration.
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Pouliquen DL, Boissard A, Henry C, Coqueret O, Guette C. Curcuminoids as Modulators of EMT in Invasive Cancers: A Review of Molecular Targets With the Contribution of Malignant Mesothelioma Studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:934534. [PMID: 35873564 PMCID: PMC9304619 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.934534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuminoids, which include natural acyclic diarylheptanoids and the synthetic analogs of curcumin, have considerable potential for fighting against all the characteristics of invasive cancers. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process for embryonic morphogenesis, however, the last decade has confirmed it orchestrates many features of cancer invasiveness, such as tumor cell stemness, metabolic rewiring, and drug resistance. A wealth of studies has revealed EMT in cancer is in fact driven by an increasing number of parameters, and thus understanding its complexity has now become a cornerstone for defining future therapeutic strategies dealing with cancer progression and metastasis. A specificity of curcuminoids is their ability to target multiple molecular targets, modulate several signaling pathways, modify tumor microenvironments and enhance the host’s immune response. Although the effects of curcumin on these various parameters have been the subject of many reviews, the role of curcuminoids against EMT in the context of cancer have never been reviewed so far. This review first provides an updated overview of all EMT drivers, including signaling pathways, transcription factors, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and tumor microenvironment components, with a special focus on the most recent findings. Secondly, for each of these drivers the effects of curcumin/curcuminoids on specific molecular targets are analyzed. Finally, we address some common findings observed between data reported in the literature and the results of investigations we conducted on experimental malignant mesothelioma, a model of invasive cancer representing a useful tool for studies on EMT and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Pouliquen
- Inserm, CNRS, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- *Correspondence: Daniel L. Pouliquen,
| | - Alice Boissard
- ICO, Inserm, CNRS, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Cécile Henry
- ICO, Inserm, CNRS, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Olivier Coqueret
- Inserm, CNRS, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Catherine Guette
- ICO, Inserm, CNRS, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
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Baldini E, Tuccilli C, Pironi D, Catania A, Tartaglia F, Di Matteo FM, Palumbo P, Arcieri S, Mascagni D, Palazzini G, Tripodi D, Maturo A, Vergine M, Tarroni D, Lori E, Ferent IC, De Vito C, Fallahi P, Antonelli A, Censi S, D’Armiento M, Barollo S, Mian C, Morrone A, D’Andrea V, Sorrenti S, Ulisse S. Expression and Clinical Utility of Transcription Factors Involved in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition during Thyroid Cancer Progression. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184076. [PMID: 34575184 PMCID: PMC8469282 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT-TFs) silence the genes expressed in epithelial cells (e.g., E-cadherin) while inducing those typical of mesenchymal cells (e.g., vimentin). The core set of EMT-TFs comprises Zeb1, Zeb2, Snail1, Snail2, and Twist1. To date, information concerning their expression profile and clinical utility during thyroid cancer (TC) progression is still incomplete. We evaluated the EMT-TF, E-cadherin, and vimentin mRNA levels in 95 papillary TC (PTC) and 12 anaplastic TC (ATC) tissues and correlated them with patients’ clinicopathological parameters. Afterwards, we corroborated our findings by analyzing the data provided by a case study of the TGCA network. Compared with normal tissues, the expression of E-cadherin was found reduced in PTC and more strongly in ATC, while the vimentin expression did not vary. Among the EMT-TFs analyzed, Twist1 seems to exert a prominent role in EMT, being significantly associated with a number of PTC high-risk clinicopathological features and upregulated in ATC. Nonetheless, in the multivariate analysis, none of the EMT-TFs displayed a prognostic value. These data suggest that TC progression is characterized by an incomplete EMT and that Twist1 may represent a valuable therapeutic target warranting further investigation for the treatment of more aggressive thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enke Baldini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Chiara Tuccilli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Daniele Pironi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Antonio Catania
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Francesco Tartaglia
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Filippo Maria Di Matteo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Piergaspare Palumbo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefano Arcieri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Domenico Mascagni
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Giorgio Palazzini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Domenico Tripodi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Alessandro Maturo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Massimo Vergine
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Danilo Tarroni
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Eleonora Lori
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Iulia Catalina Ferent
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Simona Censi
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (S.C.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Matteo D’Armiento
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Susy Barollo
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (S.C.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Caterina Mian
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (S.C.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Aldo Morrone
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Vito D’Andrea
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Salvatore Sorrenti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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