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Mastronikolis NS, Delides A, Kyrodimos E, Piperigkou Z, Spyropoulou D, Giotakis E, Tsiambas E, Karamanos NK. Insights into metastatic roadmap of head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma based on clinical, histopathological and molecular profiles. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:597. [PMID: 38683372 PMCID: PMC11058607 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC), constituting approximately one in ten cancer cases worldwide, affects approximately 644,000 individuals annually. Managing this complex disease involves various treatment modalities such as systemic therapy, radiation, and surgery, particularly for patients with locally advanced disease. HNC treatment necessitates a multidisciplinary approach due to alterations in patients' genomes affecting their functionality. Predominantly, squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), the majority of HNCs, arise from the upper aerodigestive tract epithelium. The epidemiology, staging, diagnosis, and management techniques of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), encompassing clinical, image-based, histopathological and molecular profiling, have been extensively reviewed. Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a well-known predictive factor for HNSCC that initiates metastasis and significantly impacts HNSCC prognosis. Distant metastasis (DM) in HNSCC has been correlated to aberrant expression of cancer cell-derived cytokines and growth factors triggering abnormal activation of several signaling pathways that boost cancer cell aggressiveness. Recent advances in genetic profiling, understanding tumor microenvironment, oligometastatic disease, and immunotherapy have revolutionized treatment strategies and disease control. Future research may leverage genomics and proteomics to identify biomarkers aiding individualized HNSCC treatment. Understanding the molecular basis, genetic landscape, atypical signaling pathways, and tumor microenvironment have enhanced the comprehension of HNSCC molecular etiology. This critical review sheds light on regional and distant metastases in HNSCC, presenting major clinical and laboratory features, predictive biomarkers, and available therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Mastronikolis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece.
| | - Alexander Delides
- 2nd Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Rimini 1, Athens, 12462, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Ippokrateion' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Evangelos Giotakis
- 1st Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Ippokrateion' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
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Zambrano-Román M, Padilla-Gutiérrez JR, Valle Y, Muñoz-Valle JF, Guevara-Gutiérrez E, López-Olmos PA, Sepúlveda-Loza LC, Bautista-Herrera LA, Valdés-Alvarado E. PTCH1 Gene Variants, mRNA Expression, and Bioinformatics Insights in Mexican Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:191. [PMID: 38534460 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancer, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) constitutes 20% of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) cases. PTCH1, a tumor suppressor gene involved in the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, plays a crucial role in neoplastic processes. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study, encompassing 211 cSCC patients and 290 individuals in a control group (CG), was performed. A subgroup of samples was considered for the relative expression analysis, and the results were obtained using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) with TaqMan® probes. The functional, splicing, and disease-causing effects of the proposed variants were explored via bioinformatics. RESULTS cSCC was predominant in men, especially in sun-exposed areas such as the head and neck. No statistically significant differences were found regarding the rs357564, rs2236405, rs2297086, and rs41313327 variants of PTCH1, or in the risk of cSCC, nor in the mRNA expression between the cSCC group and CG. A functional effect of rs357564 and a disease-causing relation to rs41313327 was identified. CONCLUSION The proposed variants were not associated with cSCC risk in this Mexican population, but we recognize the need for analyzing larger population groups to elucidate the disease-causing role of rare variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianela Zambrano-Román
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Jorge R Padilla-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Yeminia Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Guevara-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Dermatología, Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco "Dr. José Barba Rubio", Secretaría de Salud Jalisco, Zapopan 45190, Mexico
| | - Patricia Aidé López-Olmos
- Departamento de Dermatología, Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco "Dr. José Barba Rubio", Secretaría de Salud Jalisco, Zapopan 45190, Mexico
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Valdés-Alvarado
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
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Zanoletti E, Daloiso A, Nicolè L, Cazzador D, Mondello T, Franz L, Astolfi L, Marioni G. Tumor budding to investigate local invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of head and neck carcinoma: A systematic review. Head Neck 2024; 46:651-671. [PMID: 38013617 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to shed light on the role of tumor budding (TB) in the biology, behavior, and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A search was run in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases following PRISMA guidelines. After full-text screening and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, 36 articles were included. Several investigations support the prognostic role of TB, which might play a role in selecting rational treatment strategies. To achieve this goal, further research is needed for greater standardization in TB quantification. Although TB is not included as a negative prognostic factor in the current management guidelines, it might be reasonable to consider a closer follow-up for HNSCC cases with high histopathological evidence of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Zanoletti
- Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Daloiso
- Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Nicolè
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, Ospedale dell'Angelo, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Diego Cazzador
- Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Mondello
- Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Franz
- Phoniatrics and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Treviso, Italy
| | - Laura Astolfi
- Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gino Marioni
- Phoniatrics and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Treviso, Italy
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Wang S, Si Q, Wu Y, Sun Y, Zhang W, Huang X, Zeng T, Chen S, Yang X, Ni Y, Hu Q. Multiperspective quantitative tumor-stroma ratio reveals histological areas associated with poor outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37184217 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Different regions of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have particular histopathological characteristics, and the individual histological characteristics of the tumors are poorly understood. Therefore, calculating the proportion of tumor cells in different regions that allow assessment of the prognostic outcomes for OSCC patients would be of great clinical significance. METHODS AND RESULTS We established an open-source software-based analytic pipeline that defines the inner tumor and invasive tumor front (ITF) in pancytokeratin-stained whole slide images (WSIs) and quantifies the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) within the two regions. We applied this method to 114 patients with OSCC and predicted patient prognosis by the TSR. The proportion of tumor area in the inner tumor was generally higher than that in the ITF (p < 0.0001). TSR was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) (p = 0.016), disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.026), and relapse-free survival (RFS) (p = 0.037) in inner tumor, and TSR was an independent prognostic factor for OS (p = 0.00052), DFS (p = 0.035), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) (p = 0.038) in the ITF. Tumor-low status was associated with poorer prognosis. There was a significant correlation between the TSR and perineural invasion (PNI) in the inner tumor (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS The histopathological characteristics of different regions of OSCC may be used to develop the potential prognostic markers. The TSR of the inner tumor is more targeted in predicting prognosis and accurately assesses the risk of PNI+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Si
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yawei Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weixian Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xihu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Fathima SD, Gururaj N, Sivapathasundharam B, Vennila AA, Keerthik Lavanya MK, Sarayushivani U. Histopathological significance of necrosis in oral lesions: A review. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:340-347. [PMID: 37854904 PMCID: PMC10581306 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_39_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrosis is a localized area of tissue death followed by degradation of tissue by hydrolytic enzymes released from the dead cells, resulting in swelling of organelles, rupture of the plasma membrane, eventual cell lysis, and leakage of intracellular contents into the surrounding tissue. It is always accompanied by an inflammatory reaction. Necrosis is caused by various factors such as hypoxia, physical factors, chemical agents, immunological agents, and microbial agents. Still now, there is no literature review regarding the necrotic lesions of the oral cavity. In this paper, the oral lesions associated with necrosis are categorized under the headings such as odontogenic cysts, odontogenic tumors, salivary gland pathology, and epithelial malignancies. In addition, the histopathological significance of necrosis in oral lesions has been discussed. By suggesting that spotting necrosis in the histopathology aids in determining the diagnosis, tumor behavior, and prognosis of oral lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Deenul Fathima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Science and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Gururaj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Science and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Sivapathasundharam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Priyadharshini Dental College and Hospital, Pandur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Alagu Vennila
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Science and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. K. Keerthik Lavanya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Science and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - U Sarayushivani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Science and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Cocuz IG, Cocuz ME, Repanovici A, Sabău AH, Niculescu R, Tinca AC, Vunvulea V, Budin CE, Szoke AR, Popelea MC, Moraru R, Cotoi TC, Cotoi OS. Scientific Research Directions on the Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry of the Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Scientometric Study. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58101449. [PMID: 36295609 PMCID: PMC9611311 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most frequently occurring types of cancer in humans. Scientometric research is an innovative method for analyzing the research trends in various domains, with great implications in the field of medicine. Materials and Methods: We searched the Web of Science database with the following established query terms: “Squamous cell carcinoma”, “skin”, and “immunohistochemistry”. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 76 articles were selected. The present study aims to analyze, based on the frequency of use of keywords with scientometric algorithms and map-based distributions, the trends of the research concerning cSCCs in 2017–2022. Results: A graphical representation based on 11 scientometric maps presented the division of the keywords into seven clusters, from which seven categories of research interest were defined. The clusters represent a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of cSCCs, cancer diagnostics, patient outcomes, histopathological importance, management of cSCCs, role of progression, and adequate treatment of and importance of immunohistochemistry for cSCCs. The distribution of the citations shows the importance of the available research on cSCCs by analyzing the first five most-cited articles included in our study in direct concordance with the seven defined clusters. Conclusion: The scientometric research method reveals the interest of research in the multidisciplinary approach used to obtain the best outcomes for the patient, including a targeted investigation, as well as diagnostic and treatment options. The trends in the research reveal that histopathological diagnostics and immunohistochemistry, combined with molecular techniques, are the most important tools used to establish a personalized diagnosis, thus increasing the quality of life and life expectancy for patients with cSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Maria Elena Cocuz
- Fundamental Prophylactic and Clinical Disciplines Department, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500003 Brașov, Romania
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital of Brasov, 500174 Brasov, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Angela Repanovici
- Faculty of Product Design and Environment, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Adrian-Horațiu Sabău
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Raluca Niculescu
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Andreea-Cătălina Tinca
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Vlad Vunvulea
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Corina Eugenia Budin
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Andreea Raluca Szoke
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | | | - Raluca Moraru
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Titiana Cornelia Cotoi
- Pharmaceutical Technique Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pharmacy No. 2, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Simion Cotoi
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
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Ablahad AA, Mousa HD, Jalal JA. Novel Correlations among the Histopathological Components of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive tumor with high mortality and morbidity rates.
Aims:In this study, we aimed to probe whether there is association between stromal histopathological parameters with patient data, as well as, the correlation of these parameters with each other.
MaterialsandMethods:This study was performed at University of Duhok, College of Dentistry, the practical section was carried out between February 2022 and June 2022 as follow:A group of 86 formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples of OSCC and 20 FFPE samplesof healthy gingiva were stained with Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) and Mason’s trichrome (MT)stains. Tumor/ stroma ratio(TSR), stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(sTIL), budding activity (BA), cell nest size (CNS), orientation and packing of collagen fibers and collagen fibercontent(CFC) were evaluated. These histomorphological parameters were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and with each other.
Statistical Analysis Used: Chi square test, fisher exacts test and spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used for analyzing our study data.
Results: Tumor/ stroma ratio, BA, CNS, orientation and packing of collagen fibers, and CFC were significantly associated with pT stage of the tumor. Moreover, significant correlations were observed among TSR, BA, CNS and CFC. In addition, orientation and packing of collagen fibers were significantly correlated with each other.
Conclusions: Novel correlations were found between collagen fiber features with TSR, BA, and CNS in an easy and cost- effective methods.
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Arutyunyan IV, Soboleva AG, Gordon KB, Kudashkina DS, Miroshnichenko DA, Polyakov AP, Rebrikova IV, Makarov AV, Lokhonina AV, Fatkhudinov TK. Differential Markers of Subpopulations of Epithelial Cells of the Larynx in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 173:553-559. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Characterization of the Expression of Angiogenic Factors in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Domestic Cats. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9070375. [PMID: 35878392 PMCID: PMC9351683 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9070375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is a common malignant skin cancer with a significant impact on health, and it is important to determine the degree of reliance of CSCC on angiogenesis for growth and metastasis. Major regulators of angiogenesis are the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and their associated receptors. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing produces multiple isoforms of VEGF-A and PLGF with distinct biological properties. Several studies highlight the function of VEGF-A in CSCC, but there are no studies of the different isoforms of VEGF-A and PLGF for this neoplasm. We characterized the expression of three isoforms of VEGF-A, two isoforms of PLGF, and their receptors in cat CSCC biopsies compared to normal haired skin (NHS). Although our results revealed no significant changes in transcript levels of panVEGF-A or their isoforms, the mRNA levels of PLGF I and the receptors Flt-1 and KDR were downregulated in CSCC compared to NHS. Differences were observed in ligand:receptor mRNA expression ratio, with the expression of VEGF-A relative to its receptor KDR higher in CSCC, which is consistent with our hypothesis and prior human SCC studies. Immunolocalization in tissue showed increased expression of all measured factors and receptors in tumor cells compared to NHS and surrounding vasculature. We conclude that the factors measured may play a pivotal role in CSCC growth, although further studies are needed to clarify the role of angiogenic factors in feline CSCC.
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Caruntu A, Moraru L, Ciubotaru DA, Tanase C, Scheau C, Caruntu C. Assessment of Serum Urea, Creatinine and Uric Acid in Oral Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123459. [PMID: 35743528 PMCID: PMC9225481 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy worldwide, leading to significant disease-associated social and financial burdens. The investigation of underlying mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression in OSCC might provide new therapeutic perspectives with an impact on disease control and patient survival. Our study aims to investigate the interrelation between metabolic processes, expressed through final catabolism products and clinicopathological characteristics in OSCC. Materials and methods: This is a single cancer comparative retrospective study investigating metabolic byproducts, namely serum urea, creatinine and uric acid, detected at the moment of diagnosis in patients with OSCC, in comparison to healthy controls. Clinical and paraclinical data regarding exposure to risk factors, disease staging and pathological characteristics were collected for all patients. Subjects with co-existing systemic or metabolic diseases, or with a history of malignancy, were excluded from the study. Subsequently, the metabolic byproducts revealing significant changes in OSCC patients were considered for a correlation analysis with the disease clinico-pathological characteristics. Results: Blood levels for urea, creatinine and uric acid were determined in a total of 225 subjects: 145 patients diagnosed with OSCC and 80 healthy control subjects admitted to our hospital between 2016 and 2021. The comparative analysis between groups revealed that the serum urea level was significantly lower in OSCC patients (p = 0.0344). Serum creatinine and uric acid did not reveal significant differences between groups. Furthermore, in advanced stages of the disease (stages III and IV), the blood level of urea was significantly lower compared to incipient OSCC (stages I and II) (p = 0.003). We found a negative correlation of serum urea levels with smoking (p = 0.0004) and cervical lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0070), and a positive correlation with aging (p = 0.0000). We found no significant correlation of serum urea with primary tumor size (p = 0.5061) and patient survival (p = 0.2932). Conclusions: Decreased serum urea levels are detected in patients with advanced OSCC, in correlation with lymph node metastasis. The invasive features of tumor cells in OSCC might be promoted in association with dysregulation of protein catabolism processes, facilitating aggressive behavior in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Moraru
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Alina Ciubotaru
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.); (D.A.C.)
| | - Cristiana Tanase
- Proteomics Department, Cajal Institute, Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Biochemistry-Proteomics, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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Caruntu A, Moraru L, Surcel M, Munteanu A, Costache DO, Tanase C, Constantin C, Scheau C, Neagu M, Caruntu C. Persistent Changes of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020342. [PMID: 35206956 PMCID: PMC8872623 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common cancer with high morbidity and mortality. Alterations of antitumor immune responses are involved in the development of this malignancy, and investigation of immune changes in the peripheral blood of OSCC patients has aroused the interest of researchers. Methods: In our study, we assessed the proportions of CD3+ total T lymphocytes, CD3+CD4+ helper T lymphocytes, CD3+CD8+ suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CD3−CD19+ total B lymphocytes, and CD3−CD16+CD56+ NK cells in the peripheral blood of OSCC patients. Results: The data obtained both pre- and post-therapy showed a similar level of total CD3+ T lymphocytes in OSCC patients and control subjects, pinpointing the stability of this immune parameter. On the other hand, pre-therapeutic data showed a lower proportion of helper T lymphocytes (CD4+), a significantly higher level of cytotoxic/suppressive T lymphocytes (CD8+), and a much lower CD4+ T lymphocyte/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio compared to control subjects. Conversely, evaluation of circulating NK (CD16+) cells showed a markedly higher pre-therapeutic level compared to the control group. Conclusions: Our results related to immune changes in the peripheral blood add new information to this complex universe of connections between immuno-inflammatory processes and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Moraru
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Surcel
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.); (A.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Adriana Munteanu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.); (A.M.); (C.C.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Octavian Costache
- Department of Dermatology, The “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristiana Tanase
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.); (A.M.); (C.C.)
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (C.S.); or (M.N.)
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.); (A.M.); (C.C.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.S.); or (M.N.)
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. N.C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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Sohal KS, Owibingire SS, Moshy JR, Deoglas DK, Laizer PJ, Kalyanyama BM, Sylivester E. Orofacial squamous cell carcinoma: Analysis of histopathological reports of 465 patients in Tanzania. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/i0ghb95pws] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Assessment of Immune Cell Populations in Tumor Tissue and Peripheral Blood Samples from Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2021:2328218. [PMID: 34692375 PMCID: PMC8536455 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2328218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common type of cancer worldwide. Strong connections have been revealed between immune cells and the pathogenesis of HNSCC. Important differences regarding the levels of immune cell subpopulations in both peripheral circulation and tumor microenvironment were emphasized, with some of them having prognostic significance. In our study, we performed an analysis of immune changes in the tumor tissue and the peripheral blood of untreated HNSCC patients, investigating the proportions of different immune cell populations in these two compartments. The local infiltrating lymphocytes were mainly cytotoxic T cells (CD8+). We have also revealed an increased level of B lymphocytes (CD19+) in the tumor microenvironment. In peripheral blood, the most important lymphocyte subtype was represented by the helper T lymphocytes (CD4+). We also found an increased proportion of circulating NK cells (CD56+). Our results showed significant differences between all investigated lymphocyte subtypes in the peripheral blood and the tumor tissue of untreated HNSCC patients, suggesting that the local and systemic expressions of antitumor immune responses are different and that investigation of immune cell proportions in peripheral circulation has different cues that do not reflect the immune infiltrate pattern within the tumor microenvironment. Further studies are necessary to unveil the complex interplay involving local and systemic events in the immune system's fight against cancer.
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Caruntu A, Moraru L, Lupu M, Taubner L, Caruntu C, Tanase C. The Hidden Treasures of Preoperative Blood Assessment in Oral Cancer: A Potential Source of Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174475. [PMID: 34503285 PMCID: PMC8430940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, we assess the prognostic potential of immune and inflammatory elements determined preoperatively in the peripheral blood of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Preoperative plasma fibrinogen (Fib) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) show strong correlations with patients’ outcomes. Analyzed together, in a new parameter named Fibrinogen-PLR Algorithm (FiPLA), predictive power increases significantly. Clinicians can use this new, easy, cost-effective, and globally available tool for risk stratification of patients with OSCC, as early as from the moment of diagnosis. Abstract (1) Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy, and the impact of immune and inflammatory mechanisms in its development and progression are of major interest. The aim of our study is to assess the prognostic potential of circulating immune and inflammatory elements determined preoperatively in patients with OSCC, as well as the development of a new compound parameter with predictive value. (2) Methods: We assessed preoperative fibrinogen (Fib) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in 111 OSCC patients. Using a mathematic algorithm, we determined a composite parameter with cumulative information from Fib and PLR, named Fibrinogen-PLR Algorithm (FiPLA). Survival analysis, followed by bivariate and multivariate analyses, was subsequently conducted. (3) Results: Increased preoperative Fib and PLR levels were associated with poor outcome in OSCC (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0015, respectively). Preoperative FiPLA values were also associated with poor patient survival (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis confirmed the independent prognostic role for FiPLA only (CI95% 1.232–67.770, p = 0.03), showing the superior predictive value of FiPLA compared to its individual components. (4) Conclusions: Preoperative assessments of circulating immune and inflammatory elements can provide high-quality prognostic information, and they represent valuable tools in clinical practice, facilitating the early risk stratification of patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Carol Davila Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Moraru
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Carol Davila Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Lupu
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Lacramioara Taubner
- Clinical Laboratory, Carol Davila Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. N.C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-745-086-978
| | - Cristiana Tanase
- Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Proteomics Department, Cajal Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
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