Histopathological significance of necrosis in oral lesions: A review

Necrosis is a localized area of tissue death followed by degradation of tissue by hydrolytic enzymes released from the dead cells, resulting in swelling of organelles, rupture of the plasma membrane, eventual cell lysis, and leakage of intracellular contents into the surrounding tissue. It is always accompanied by an inflammatory reaction. Necrosis is caused by various factors such as hypoxia, physical factors, chemical agents, immunological agents, and microbial agents. Still now, there is no literature review regarding the necrotic lesions of the oral cavity. In this paper, the oral lesions associated with necrosis are categorized under the headings such as odontogenic cysts, odontogenic tumors, salivary gland pathology, and epithelial malignancies. In addition, the histopathological significance of necrosis in oral lesions has been discussed. By suggesting that spotting necrosis in the histopathology aids in determining the diagnosis, tumor behavior, and prognosis of oral lesions.

Clinicopathological Correlation of Pulp Stones and Its Association with Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia: An Hospital-based Prevalence Study

INTRODUCTION

Pulp stones are the discrete calcification, located in pulp tissue or attached to or embedded in dentin. It occurs in physiological and pathological conditions. The exact etiopathogenesis of various types of pulp calcifications is unknown and the prevalence varies from 8% to 90%. The histopathological identification of pulp stones is higher than the radiological identification.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study is to evaluate and correlate the clinical parameters and histopathological analysis of pulp stone with systemic hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Seventy patients were selected for the study and a detailed case history was recorded. The radiological investigations were noted down and extirpated pulp tissues were sent for processing. The results were analyzed statistically using Chi-square test.

RESULTS

Out of 70 patients studied, pulp stones were observed radiologically in 14 patients and histopathologically in 30 patients. The presence of irregular and nonlaminated type of pulp stones histopathologically was significantly correlated with hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

CONCLUSION

The patients with the histopathological presence of nonlaminated and irregular-shaped pulp should be evaluated for lipid profile and hypertension.