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Sogo Y, Toyoda E, Nagai T, Takahashi T, Takizawa D, Watanabe M, Sato M. Disease-Modifying Effects of Lenvatinib, a Multiple Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, on Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis of the Knee. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6514. [PMID: 38928219 PMCID: PMC11203559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in osteoarthritis (OA). We previously reported the inhibitory effect of bevacizumab in a rabbit model of OA. In the current study, we investigated the effects of lenvatinib, an angiogenesis inhibitor targeting the VEGF and fibroblast growth factor receptors, on synovitis, osteophyte formation, and cartilage degeneration in a rabbit OA model. Posttraumatic OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) on one knee of each rabbit. Rabbits were placed into four groups according to the following lenvatinib doses: untreated control (n = 12), L0.3: 0.3 mg/kg/day (n = 15), L1.0: 1.0 mg/kg/day (n = 14), and L3.0: 3.0 mg/kg/day (n = 13) groups. We evaluated limb pain using the weight distribution ratio measured with an incapacitance tester, macroscopic osteophyte formation, and femoral condyle synovium and cartilage histology. For cartilage evaluation, the following distal sites of the femur were evaluated separately: femoral-tibial (FT), femoral-patellar (FP), and femoral corner (between FP and FT). The weight distribution ratio at 12 weeks after surgery was higher in the L0.3 and L1.0 groups than in the control group. Osteophyte formation and synovitis scores were significantly lower in the L0.3, L1.0, and L3.0 groups than in the control group. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International scores of the FT, corner, and FP sites in the L0.3 group were lower than in the control group. The cartilage thickness ratio at the FT and corner sites was significantly lower in the L0.3 group than in the control group. Krenn's grading system of cartilage synovitis showed that all lenvatinib-administered groups had significantly lower scores than the control group. MMP3 expression level in cartilage tissue was significantly lower in the L3.0 group compared with the other three groups. ADAMTS5 expression was lower in the L3.0 group compared with the control and L0.3 groups. Oral administration of lenvatinib inhibited synovitis, osteophyte formation, and cartilage degeneration and reduced pain in a rabbit ACLT model. Lenvatinib is an oral VEGF inhibitor that is easier to administer than other VEGF inhibitors and may have potential as a treatment of posttraumatic OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Sogo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.S.); (E.T.); (T.T.); (D.T.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eriko Toyoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.S.); (E.T.); (T.T.); (D.T.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nagai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, 1838 Ishikawa-cho, Hachioji 192-0032, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Takumi Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.S.); (E.T.); (T.T.); (D.T.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daichi Takizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.S.); (E.T.); (T.T.); (D.T.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.S.); (E.T.); (T.T.); (D.T.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masato Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.S.); (E.T.); (T.T.); (D.T.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
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Zhao Z, Sun X, Tu P, Ma Y, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Liu M, Wang L, Chen X, Si L, Li G, Pan Y. Mechanisms of vascular invasion after cartilage injury and potential engineering cartilage treatment strategies. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23559. [PMID: 38502020 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302391rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Articular cartilage injury is one of the most common diseases in orthopedic clinics. Following an articular cartilage injury, an inability to resist vascular invasion can result in cartilage calcification by newly formed blood vessels. This process ultimately leads to the loss of joint function, significantly impacting the patient's quality of life. As a result, developing anti-angiogenic methods to repair damaged cartilage has become a popular research topic. Despite this, tissue engineering, as an anti-angiogenic strategy in cartilage injury repair, has not yet been adequately investigated. This exhaustive literature review mainly focused on the process and mechanism of vascular invasion in articular cartilage injury repair and summarized the major regulatory factors and signaling pathways affecting angiogenesis in the process of cartilage injury. We aimed to discuss several potential methods for engineering cartilage repair with anti-angiogenic strategies. Three anti-angiogenic tissue engineering methods were identified, including administering angiogenesis inhibitors, applying scaffolds to manage angiogenesis, and utilizing in vitro bioreactors to enhance the therapeutic properties of cultured chondrocytes. The advantages and disadvantages of each strategy were also analyzed. By exploring these anti-angiogenic tissue engineering methods, we hope to provide guidance for researchers in related fields for future research and development in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Zhao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxian Sun
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Yang Guo
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Yafeng Zhang
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Mengmin Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lining Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lin Si
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Guangguang Li
- Orthopedics and traumatology department, Yixing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yixing, P.R. China
| | - Yalan Pan
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Yang Y, Koga H, Nakagawa Y, Nakamura T, Katagiri H, Takada R, Katakura M, Tsuji K, Sekiya I, Miyatake K. Characteristics of the synovial microenvironment and synovial mesenchymal stem cells with hip osteoarthritis of different bone morphologies. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:17. [PMID: 38200556 PMCID: PMC10777653 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variations in bone morphology in patients with hip osteoarthritis (HOA) can be broadly categorized into three types: atrophic, normotrophic, and hypertrophic. Despite the investigations examining clinical elements, such as bone morphology, pain, and range of motion, our understanding of the pathogenesis of HOA remains limited. Previous studies have suggested that osteophytes typically originate at the interface of the joint cartilage, periosteum, and synovium, potentially implicating synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) in the process. This study aimed to investigate the potential factors that drive the development of bone morphological features in HOA by investigating the characteristics of the synovium, differentiation potential of SMSCs, and composition of synovial fluid in different types of HOA. METHODS Synovial tissue and fluid were collected from 30 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) with the variable bone morphology of HOA patients. RNA sequencing analysis and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed to analyse the genes in the normotrophic and hypertrophic synovial tissue. SMSCs were isolated and cultured from the normotrophic and hypertrophic synovial tissues of each hip joint in accordance with the variable bone morphology of HOA patients. Cell differentiation potential was compared using differentiation and colony-forming unit assays. Cytokine array was performed to analyse the protein expression in the synovial fluid. RESULTS In the RNA sequencing analysis, 103 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, predominantly related to the interleukin 17 (IL-17) signalling pathway. Using a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, 20 hub genes were identified, including MYC, CXCL8, ATF3, NR4A1, ZC3H12A, NR4A2, FOSB, and FOSL1. Among these hub genes, four belonged to the AP-1 family. There were no significant differences in the tri-lineage differentiation potential and colony-forming capacity of SMSCs. However, RT-qPCR revealed elevated SOX9 expression levels in synovial tissues from the hypertrophic group. The cytokine array demonstrated significantly higher levels of CXCL8, MMP9, and VEGF in the synovial fluid of the hypertrophic group than in the normotrophic group, with CXCL8 and MMP9 being significantly expressed in the hypertrophic synovium. CONCLUSION Upregulation of AP-1 family genes in the synovium and increased concentrations of CXCL8, MMP9, and VEGF were detected in the synovial fluid of the hypertrophic group of HOA patients, potentially stimulating the differentiation of SMSCs towards the cartilage and thereby contributing to severe osteophyte formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakagawa
- Department of Cartilage Regeneration, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomasa Nakamura
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Katagiri
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryohei Takada
- Department of Cartilage Regeneration, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Katakura
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Tsuji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Miyatake
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Mendoza-Torreblanca JG, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N, Carro-Rodríguez J, Contreras-García IJ, Garciadiego-Cázares D, Ortega-Cuellar D, Martínez-López V, Alfaro-Rodríguez A, Evia-Ramírez AN, Ignacio-Mejía I, Vargas-Hernández MA, Bandala C. Antiangiogenic Effect of Dopamine and Dopaminergic Agonists as an Adjuvant Therapeutic Option in the Treatment of Cancer, Endometriosis, and Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10199. [PMID: 37373348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) and dopamine agonists (DA-Ag) have shown antiangiogenic potential through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. They inhibit VEGF and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR 2) functions through the dopamine receptor D2 (D2R), preventing important angiogenesis-related processes such as proliferation, migration, and vascular permeability. However, few studies have demonstrated the antiangiogenic mechanism and efficacy of DA and DA-Ag in diseases such as cancer, endometriosis, and osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, the objective of this review was to describe the mechanisms of the antiangiogenic action of the DA-D2R/VEGF-VEGFR 2 system and to compile related findings from experimental studies and clinical trials on cancer, endometriosis, and OA. Advanced searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SciFinder, ProQuest, EBSCO, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubChem, NCBI Bookshelf, DrugBank, livertox, and Clinical Trials. Articles explaining the antiangiogenic effect of DA and DA-Ag in research articles, meta-analyses, books, reviews, databases, and clinical trials were considered. DA and DA-Ag have an antiangiogenic effect that could reinforce the treatment of diseases that do not yet have a fully curative treatment, such as cancer, endometriosis, and OA. In addition, DA and DA-Ag could present advantages over other angiogenic inhibitors, such as monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noemi Cárdenas-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Jazmín Carro-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional Aplicada a Neurociencias, Enfermedades Crónicas y Emergentes, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Itzel Jatziri Contreras-García
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - David Garciadiego-Cázares
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Daniel Ortega-Cuellar
- Laboratorio Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Valentín Martínez-López
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Alfaro-Rodríguez
- Neurociencias Básicas, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Alberto Nayib Evia-Ramírez
- Servicio de Reconstrucción Articular, Cadera y Rodilla, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Iván Ignacio-Mejía
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City 11200, Mexico
| | | | - Cindy Bandala
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional Aplicada a Neurociencias, Enfermedades Crónicas y Emergentes, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
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Sotozawa M, Kumagai K, Ishikawa K, Yamada S, Inoue Y, Inaba Y. Bevacizumab suppressed degenerative changes in articular cartilage explants from patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:25. [PMID: 36627659 PMCID: PMC9832671 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03512-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to test the hypothesis that blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) suppresses degenerative changes in articular cartilage from patients with osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Articular cartilage from eight OA patients was subjected to explant culture for 2 days in the presence or absence of 10 ng/ml recombinant interleukin (IL)-1β. The blocking effect of VEGF was examined by the addition of 10 or 100 ng/ml of bevacizumab. The culture media were harvested, and markers for cartilage degradation were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay. Total RNA was isolated from cartilage tissues, and gene expressions associated with the anabolic response were examined by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Bevacizumab significantly reduced concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-3, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the culture media with and without IL-1β. Significant suppressive effects of bevacizumab on MMP-9 and MMP-13 were shown only in the presence of IL-1β. Gene expression of Col2a1 was significantly increased by the addition of bevacizumab in the absence of IL-1β. CONCLUSION Bevacizumab inhibits catabolic reactions and stimulates anabolic function in articular cartilage derived from OA patients directly, suggesting a protective effect on articular cartilage from OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaichi Sotozawa
- grid.268441.d0000 0001 1033 6139Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004 Japan
| | - Ken Kumagai
- grid.268441.d0000 0001 1033 6139Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004 Japan
| | - Kimi Ishikawa
- grid.268441.d0000 0001 1033 6139Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamada
- grid.268441.d0000 0001 1033 6139Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004 Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- grid.268441.d0000 0001 1033 6139Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004 Japan
| | - Yutaka Inaba
- grid.268441.d0000 0001 1033 6139Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004 Japan
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Lin S, Li H, Wu B, Shang J, Jiang N, Peng R, Xing B, Xu X, Lu H. TGF-β1 regulates chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis via circPhf21a-Vegfa axis in osteoarthritis. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:75. [PMID: 35637489 PMCID: PMC9150374 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00881-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway is an important pathway associated with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). This study was to investigate the involvement of circRNAs in the TGF-β signaling pathway. Methods Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay were used to detect the proliferation of primary mouse chondrocytes (PMCs). RNA-sequencing together with bioinformatics analysis were used to systematically clarify TGF-β1 induced alternations of circRNAs in PMCs. The regulatory and functional role of circPhf21a was examined in PMCs. Downstream targets of circPhf21a were explored by RNA-sequencing after overexpression of circPhf21a and verified by RT-qPCR in PMCs. Finally, the role and mechanism of circPhf21a in OA were explored in mouse models. Results We found that TGF-β1 promoted the proliferation of PMCs. Meanwhile, RT-qPCR and western blotting indicated that TGF-β1 promoted extracellular matrix (ECM) anabolism. RNA-sequencing revealed that a total of 36 circRNAs were differentially expressed between PMCs treated with and without TGF-β1. Of these, circPhf21a was significantly decreased by TGF-β1. Furthermore, circPhf21a knockdown promoted the proliferation and ECM synthesis of PMCs, whereas overexpression of circPhf21a showed the opposite effects. Mechanically, the expression profiles of the mRNAs revealed that Vegfa may be the target of circPhf21a. Additionally, we found that circPhf21a was significantly upregulated in the mouse OA model, and inhibition of circPhf21a significantly relieved the progression of OA. Conclusions Our results found that TGF-β1 promoted the proliferation and ECM synthesis of PMCs via the circPhf21a-Vegfa axis, which may provide novel therapeutic targets for OA treatment. Video abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00881-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Huizi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Shang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Baizhou Xing
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianghe Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huading Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
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