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Liang D, Liu C, Yang M. The association between the urinary chromium and blood pressure: a population-based study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:248. [PMID: 38730326 PMCID: PMC11088134 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The impact of trace elements and heavy metals on human health has attracted widespread attention. However, the correlation between urinary chromium concentrations and blood pressure remains unclear and inadequately reported, and the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between urinary chromium concentrations and blood pressure in adults in the United States (US). METHODS We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018 for this study. Multivariate logistic regression and multivariate linear regression were used to explore the association of urinary chromium concentrations with hypertension and blood pressure. Additionally, we also performed subgroup analysis and restricted cubic splines (RCS). RESULTS A total of 2958 participants were enrolled in this study. The overall mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were 123.98 ± 0.60, 72.66 ± 0.57 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was found in 41.31% of the whole participants. In the fully adjusted model, we did not observe a correlation between urinary chromium concentrations and the risk of hypertension and systolic blood pressure. However, we found a negative association between urinary chromium concentrations and diastolic blood pressure. In subgroup analysis, we observed a positive association between urinary chromium and the risk of hypertension among participants older than 60 years of age and those who were Non-Hispanic Black. The interaction term highlighted the influence of age and race on this positive association. We also found a negative association of urinary chromium with diastolic blood pressure in male, participants who were current smokers, overweight, and other races, as well as those without alcohol use and anti-hypertensive drug use. However, the interaction term only revealed the influence of alcohol consumption on the negative association. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that urinary chromium concentrations may show a negative association with diastolic blood pressure and this association was significantly dependent on alcohol consumption. Besides, a positive association between urinary chromium and the risk of hypertension was also found among participants older than 60 years of age and those who were Non-Hispanic Black.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liang
- Department of Endocrine, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Endocrine, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
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Serés-Noriega T, Perea V, Amor AJ. Screening for Subclinical Atherosclerosis and the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1097. [PMID: 38398409 PMCID: PMC10889212 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, which remains the leading cause of death in this population. Despite the improved control of several classic risk factors, particularly better glycaemic control, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality continue to be significantly higher than in the general population. In routine clinical practice, estimating cardiovascular risk (CVR) in people with T1D using scales or equations is often imprecise because much of the evidence comes from pooled samples of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and T1D or from extrapolations of studies performed on people with T2D. Given that T1D onsets at a young age, prolonged exposure to the disease and its consequences (e.g., hyperglycaemia, changes in lipid metabolism or inflammation) have a detrimental impact on cardiovascular health. Therefore, it is critical to have tools that allow for the early identification of those individuals with a higher CVR and thus be able to make the most appropriate management decisions in each case. In this sense, atherosclerosis is the prelude to most cardiovascular events. People with diabetes present pathophysiological alterations that facilitate atherosclerosis development and that may imply a greater vulnerability of atheromatous plaques. Screening for subclinical atherosclerosis using various techniques, mainly imaging, has proven valuable in predicting cardiovascular events. Its use enables the reclassification of CVR and, therefore, an individualised adjustment of therapeutic management. However, the available evidence in people with T1D is scarce. This narrative review provides and updated overview of the main non-invasive tests for detecting atherosclerosis plaques and their association with CVD in people with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonet Serés-Noriega
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, 08221 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Amor
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Li A, Yan J, Zhao Y, Yu Z, Tian S, Khan AH, Zhu Y, Wu A, Zhang C, Tian XL. Vascular Aging: Assessment and Intervention. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:1373-1395. [PMID: 37609042 PMCID: PMC10441648 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s423373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging represents a collection of structural and functional changes in a blood vessel with advancing age, including increased stiffness, vascular wall remodeling, loss of angiogenic ability, and endothelium-dependent vasodilation dysfunction. These age-related alterations may occur earlier in those who are at risk for or have cardiovascular diseases, therefore, are defined as early or premature vascular aging. Vascular aging contributes independently to cardio-cerebral vascular diseases (CCVDs). Thus, early diagnosis and interventions targeting vascular aging are of paramount importance in the delay or prevention of CCVDs. Here, we review the direct assessment of vascular aging by examining parameters that reflect changes in structure, function, or their compliance with age including arterial wall thickness and lumen diameter, endothelium-dependent vasodilation, arterial stiffness as well as indirect assessment through pathological studies of biomarkers including endothelial progenitor cell, lymphocytic telomeres, advanced glycation end-products, and C-reactive protein. Further, we evaluate how different types of interventions including lifestyle mediation, such as caloric restriction and salt intake, and treatments for hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia affect age-related vascular changes. As a single parameter or intervention targets only a certain vascular physiological change, it is recommended to use multiple parameters to evaluate and design intervention approaches accordingly to prevent systemic vascular aging in clinical practices or population-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenping Yu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shane Tian
- Department of Biochemistry/Chemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Abdul Haseeb Khan
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzheng Zhu
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Andong Wu
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Tian
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Rossell J, Rojo-López MI, Julve J, Mauricio D. The Bittersweet Beat: Diabetes Complications. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4018. [PMID: 37373711 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this Editorial, we are focusing on a selection of articles recently published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine dealing with relevant aspects of cardiometabolic complications of diabetes mellitus [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Rossell
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Idalia Rojo-López
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Didac Mauricio
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic/Central University of Catalonia (UVIC/UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
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Bonfioli GB, Rodella L, Rosati R, Carrozza A, Metra M, Vizzardi E. Aortopathies: From Etiology to the Role of Arterial Stiffness. J Clin Med 2023; 12:3949. [PMID: 37373642 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12123949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aorta and aortic wall have a complex biological system of structural, biochemical, biomolecular, and hemodynamic elements. Arterial stiffness could be considered a manifestation of wall structural and functional variations, and it has been revealed to have a strong connection with aortopathies and be a predictor of cardiovascular risk, especially in patients affected by hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and nephropathy. Stiffness affects the function of different organs, especially the brain, kidneys, and heart, promoting remodeling of small arteries and endothelial dysfunction. This parameter could be easily evaluated using different methods, but pulse-wave velocity (PWV), the speed of transmission of arterial pressure waves, is considered the gold standard for a good and precise assessment. An increased PWV value indicates an elevated level of aortic stiffness because of the decline in elastin synthesis and activation of proteolysis and the increase in fibrosis that contributes to parietal rigidity. Higher values of PWV could also be found in some genetic diseases, such as Marfan syndrome (MFS) or Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS). Aortic stiffness has emerged as a major new cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor, and its evaluation using PWV could be very useful to identify patients with a high cardiovascular risk, giving some important prognostic information but also being used to value the benefits of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Battista Bonfioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Cardiology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Rodella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Cardiology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Rosati
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Cardiology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Carrozza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Cardiology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Metra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Cardiology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Vizzardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Cardiology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Llauradó G, Amigó N, Fuertes-Martín R, Romero A, Cano A, Albert L, Giménez-Palop O, Berlanga E, Fernández-Veledo S, Correig X, Vendrell J, González-Clemente JM. Measurement of Serum N-Glycans in the Assessment of Early Vascular Aging (Arterial Stiffness) in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:2430-2438. [PMID: 35984043 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular aging (arterial stiffness [AS]) is an inflammation-linked process that predicts macro- and microvascular complications in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We evaluated the utility of measuring the inflammation-linked N-glycans GlycA and GlycB to assess vascular aging in adults with T1D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eighty-four adults with T1D (>10-year duration without cardiovascular events) and 68 healthy control subjects were evaluated for clinical characteristics (including microvascular complications in patients with T1D), aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) (surrogate measure of AS), and serum GlycA and GlycB (peak area [concentration] and height/width [H/W] ratio) using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS Patients with T1D had higher median (interquartile range) values than healthy control subjects for (P < 0.001 for all comparisons) aPWV 7.9 (6.9-9.1) vs. 6.1 (5.5-6.7) m/s, GlycA 850.4 (781.3-916.1) vs. 652.4 (581.5-727.1) μmoL; GlycB 386.1 (353.2-426.3) vs. 310.0 (280.5-331.9) μmol/L), H/W ratio of GlycA 16.5 (14.9-18.1) vs. 15.0 (13.7-16.7), and H/W ratio of GlycB 5.0 (4.6-5.5) vs. 4.0 (3.4-4.3). Moreover, aPWV correlated (P < 0.001 for all correlations) with GlycA (r = 0.550) and GlycB (r = 0.423) concentrations and with H/W ratios of GlycA (r = 0.453) and GlycB (r = 0.510). Adjusting for potential confounders, GlycA concentration (β = 0.212, P < 0.001) and the H/W ratios of GlycA (β = 0.150, P = 0.009) and GlycB (β = 0.155, P = 0.011) remained independently associated with aPWV. C-statistics for detecting individuals with aPWV >10 m/s were 0.866 (95% CI 0.794-0.937) for GlycA levels and 0.862 (0.780-0.943) for H/W ratio of GlycB. CONCLUSIONS Measurement of serum GlycA and GlycB may have utility in assessing vascular aging in adults with T1D of >10-year duration and no previous cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Llauradó
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biosfer Teslab SL, Reus, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona-Reus, Spain
| | - Rocío Fuertes-Martín
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biosfer Teslab SL, Reus, Spain.,Department of Electronics, Electrical and Automatic Engineering Platform, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ana Romero
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Albert Cano
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Lara Albert
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Olga Giménez-Palop
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Eugenio Berlanga
- Clinical Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, UDIAT, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Electronics, Electrical and Automatic Engineering Platform, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - José-Miguel González-Clemente
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
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7
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Helleputte S, Van Bortel L, Verbeke F, Op 't Roodt J, Calders P, Lapauw B, De Backer T. Arterial stiffness in patients with type 1 diabetes and its comparison to cardiovascular risk evaluation tools. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:97. [PMID: 35681143 PMCID: PMC9185867 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Arterial stiffness is a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, its relation with other CV risk evaluation tools in T1D has not been elucidated yet. This study aimed to evaluate arterial stiffness in T1D patients free from known CVD, and compare it to other CV risk evaluation tools used in T1D. Methods Cross-sectional study in adults with a T1D duration of at least 10 years and without established CVD. Patients were categorized in CVD risk groups based on 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, and the STENO T1D risk engine was used to estimate 10-year risk for CV events. Arterial stiffness was evaluated with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV). Coronary artery calcium (CAC) score was assessed and carotid ultrasound was performed. Ambulatory 24-h blood pressure and central hemodynamic parameters were evaluated. Data on renal function and diabetic kidney disease was retrieved. Results 54 patients (age: 46 ± 9.5 years; T1D duration: 27 ± 8.8 years) were included. One-fourth of patients showed prematurely increased aortic stiffness based on cf-PWV (24%). Cf-PWV was significantly associated with CAC score, carotid intima-media thickness, central hemodynamic parameters and diabetic kidney disease. Based on STENO, 20 patients (37%) were at low, 20 patients (37%) at moderate, and 14 patients (26%) at high 10-year risk for CV event. Cf-PWV was strongly associated with the STENO score (rs = + 0.81; R2 = 0.566, p < 0.001), increasing with each higher STENO group (p < 0.01). However, cf-PWV was not significantly different between the two CV risk groups (high versus very high) based on ESC criteria, and ESC criteria compared to STENO classified 10 patients more as having > 10% 10-year risk for CV events (n = 44/54; 81.5% versus n = 34/54; 63%). Conclusions This study demonstrated that a substantial proportion of long-standing T1D patients free from known CVD show premature arterial stiffening. Cf-PWV strongly associates with the STENO risk score for future CV events and with cardiovascular imaging and function outcomes, thereby illustrating the clinical importance of arterial stiffness. The data, however, also show considerable heterogeneity in CV risk and differences in risk categorisation between the STENO tool and ESC criteria.There is a need for refinement of CV risk classification in T1D, and future studies should investigate if evaluation of arterial stiffness should be implemented in T1D clinical practice and which patients benefit the most from its assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Helleputte
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) Vlaanderen, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Luc Van Bortel
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francis Verbeke
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jos Op 't Roodt
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Calders
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tine De Backer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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8
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Gómez-Sánchez L, Gómez-Sánchez M, Lugones-Sánchez C, Tamayo-Morales O, González-Sánchez S, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, García-Ortiz L, Gómez-Marcos MA. Association of Insulin Resistance with Vascular Ageing in a General Caucasian Population: An EVA Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245748. [PMID: 34945044 PMCID: PMC8707603 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The data on the relationship between insulin resistance and vascular ageing are limited. The aim of this study was to explore the association of different indices of insulin resistance with vascular ageing in an adult Caucasian population without cardiovascular disease. We selected 501 individuals without cardiovascular disease (mean age: 55.9 years, 50.3% women) through random sampling stratified by sex and age. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by measuring the carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and brachial-to-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The participants were classified into three groups according to the degree of vascular ageing: early vascular ageing (EVA), normal vascular ageing (NVA) and healthy vascular ageing (HVA). Insulin resistance was evaluated with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and another five indices. The prevalence of HVA and EVA was 8.4% and 21.4%, respectively, when using cfPWV, and 7.4% and 19.2%, respectively, when using baPWV. The deterioration of vascular ageing, with both measurements, presented as an increase in all the analysed indices of insulin resistance. In the multiple regression analysis and logistic regression analysis, the indices of insulin resistance showed a positive association with cfPWV and baPWV and with EVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Gómez-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (C.L.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (S.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (C.L.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (S.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Lugones-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (C.L.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (S.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Olaya Tamayo-Morales
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (C.L.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (S.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Susana González-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (C.L.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (S.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (C.L.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (S.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Health Service of Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (C.L.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (S.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Health Service of Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (M.G.-S.); (C.L.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (S.G.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Health Service of Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923-124465
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