1
|
Nakanomori A, Miyabayashi H, Tanaka Y, Maedomari T, Mukai C, Saito K, Okahashi A, Nagano N, Morioka I. Changes in Cranial Shape and Developmental Quotient at 6 Months of Age in Preterm Infants. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050855. [PMID: 37238403 DOI: 10.3390/children10050855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in cranial shape among preterm neonates aged 1-6 months and the relationship between developmental quotient (DQ) and cranial shape at 6 months of age. Preterm infants who were hospitalized in our hospital were prospectively followed for 6 months. The cephalic index (CI) and cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) were evaluated at 1 (T1), 3 (T2), and 6 months (T3) of age and compared with those of the full-term infants. The relationship between CI or CVAI and DQ at T3 was analyzed using the Enjoji Scale of Infant Analytical Development. A total of 26 participants born at 34.7 ± 1.9 weeks of gestation were included. The CI increased with age (T1: 77.2%, T2: 82.9%, T3: 85.4%, p < 0.01). The prevalence of dolichocephaly at T3 did not significantly differ from that in full-term infants (15.4% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.08). CVAI did not significantly differ between preterm and full-term infants. The DQ showed no significant correlation with either the CI or CVAI (correlation coefficients: 0.23 for CI, -0.01; CVAI). Dolichocephaly improved over time in preterm infants and no relationship between cranial shape and development was observed in preterm infants at 6 months of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Nakanomori
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyabayashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Yukari Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Taishin Maedomari
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Chihiro Mukai
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Katsuya Saito
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Aya Okahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pan WW, Liao JJ, Tong XM. [Follow-up and prognostic study of infants with positional plagiocephaly]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2023; 25:368-373. [PMID: 37073841 PMCID: PMC10120334 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2210031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the effects of infantile positional plagiocephaly on the growth and neural development. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on the medical data of 467 children who underwent craniographic examination and were followed up to 3 years of age in Peking University Third Hospital from June 2018 to May 2022. They were divided into four groups: mild positional plagiocephaly (n=108), moderate positional plagiocephaly (n=49), severe positional plagiocephaly (n=12), and normal cranial shape (n=298). The general information of the four groups and the weight, length, head circumference, visual acuity screening results, hearing test results, and the scores of Pediatric Neuropsychological Developmental Scales/Gesell Developmental Schedules of the four groups from 6 to 36 months old were compared. RESULTS The rates of adverse perinatal factors, congenital muscular torticollis, and supine fixed sleeping posture in the mild, moderate, and severe positional plagiocephaly groups were higher than the normal cranial group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in weight, length, and head circumference among the four groups at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of age (P>0.05). The incidence rate of abnormal vision in the severe positional plagiocephaly group was higher than that in the mild positional plagiocephaly, moderate positional plagiocephaly and normal cranial shape groups at 24 and 36 months of age (P<0.05). The scores of the Pediatric Neuropsychological Developmental Scales at 12 and 24 months of age and the scores of the Gesell Developmental Schedules at 36 months of age in the severe positional plagiocephaly group were lower than those in the mild positional plagiocephaly, moderate positional plagiocephaly and normal cranial shape groups, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adverse perinatal factors, congenital muscular torticollis, and supine fixed sleeping position may be associated with infantile positional plagiocephaly. Mild or moderate positional plagiocephaly has no significant impact on the growth and neural development of children. Severe positional plagiocephaly have adverse effects on the visual acuity. However, it is not considered that severe positional plagiocephaly can affect the neurological development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | | | - Xiao-Mei Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maedomari T, Miyabayashi H, Tanaka Y, Mukai C, Nakanomori A, Saito K, Kato R, Noto T, Nagano N, Morioka I. Cranial Shape Measurements Obtained Using a Caliper and Elastic Bands Are Useful for Brachycephaly and Deformational Plagiocephaly Screening. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082787. [PMID: 37109123 PMCID: PMC10145222 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed a method for screening the cranial shape of 1-month-old infants using a simple measuring instrument instead of a three-dimensional scanner. The Mimos craniometer was used to measure cranial length, cranial width, and two diagonal lengths to calculate the cranial index (CI) and cranial asymmetry (CA). We defined a CI > 90% as brachycephaly and CA > 5 mm as deformational plagiocephaly (DP). Intra- and inter-examiner accuracy analyses were performed on a dummy doll and 1-month-old infants. The measurements of healthy 1-month-old infants were compared with previously reported three-dimensional scanner measurements. Intra- and inter-rater measurements showed good accuracy; diagnostic accuracy comparisons of brachycephaly and DP using a three-dimensional scanner showed kappa values of 1.0 and 0.8, respectively. Comparisons were made among 113 infants matched for day-age at the date of measurement; there were no significant differences in the CI (85.0% vs. 85.2%, p = 0.98) and CA (5.9 mm vs. 6.0 mm, p = 0.48) between the scanner and caliper measurements, nor in the prevalence of brachycephaly (12.4% vs. 17.7%, p = 0.35) or DP (58.4% vs. 56.6%, p = 0.89). This simple measurement method using calipers and bands was useful in screening for brachycephaly and DP in 1-month-old infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taishin Maedomari
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyabayashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Yukari Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Chihiro Mukai
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Aya Nakanomori
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Katsuya Saito
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama 344-8588, Japan
| | - Risa Kato
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Takanori Noto
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miyabayashi H, Nagano N, Kato R, Hashimoto S, Saito K, Noto T, Ohashi S, Masunaga K, Morioka I. Cranial shapes of Japanese preterm infants at one month of age using a three-dimensional scanner. Brain Dev 2022; 44:690-698. [PMID: 35906116 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, cranial shape measurements of preterm infants have been performed using handheld three-dimensional (3D) scanners and can now be objectively quantified. AIMS To measure the cranial shapes of Japanese preterm infants at one month of age using a 3D scanner, compare these values with those of healthy term infants, and examine the risk factors for dolichocephaly. STUDY DESIGN A multicenter, retrospective cohort study. SUBJECTS Preterm infants born at <37 weeks of gestation and staying in the neonatal intensive care unit or visiting an outpatient clinic for a one-month checkup between April 2020 and March 2022. OUTCOME MEASURES A 3D scanner was used to quantify cranial shape. Comparison was made with full-term, one-month-old infants. RESULTS Ninety-four preterm infants (42 boys) and 165 full-term infants were enrolled. Preterm infants had a significantly lower cephalic index (77.9% and 85.0%, p < 0.01) and a higher incidence of dolichocephaly (54.3% and 13.3%, p < 0.01) compared to term infants. No significant difference in incidence of deformational plagiocephaly was found between the groups (41.5% vs. 47.3%, p = 0.44). The risk of dolichocephaly was significantly higher for female sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-8.50), cesarean section (OR, 4.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-13.5), and use of mechanical ventilation (OR, 4.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-20.0). CONCLUSIONS Japanese preterm infants at the first month of life had longer heads than full-term infants; the risk factors identified were female sex, cesarean section, and use of mechanical ventilation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Miyabayashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Risa Kato
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Hashimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Katsuya Saito
- Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takanori Noto
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Noto Children's Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Ohashi
- Department of Neonatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Masunaga
- Department of Neonatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Miyabayashi H, Nagano N, Hashimoto S, Saito K, Kato R, Noto T, Sasano M, Sumi K, Yoshino A, Morioka I. Evaluating Cranial Growth in Japanese Infants Using a Three-dimensional Scanner: Relationship between Growth-related Parameters and Deformational Plagiocephaly. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2022; 62:521-529. [PMID: 36184476 DOI: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2022-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes in the cranial shape of healthy Japanese infants using a three-dimensional scanner and construct a normal values database for the growth process. Preterm infants (gestational age < 37 weeks), infants with neonatal asphyxia (5-minute Apgar score of <7), and patients who started helmet therapy for deformational plagiocephaly were excluded from this study. The first scan was performed at approximately 1 month of age, followed by two scans conducted at 3 and 6 months of age. The parameters considered were as follows: cranial length, width, height, circumference, volume, cranial vault asymmetry index, and cephalic index. A cranial vault asymmetry index >5% was defined as deformational plagiocephaly. Changes in each parameter were examined using repeated-measures analysis of variance classified by sex and deformational plagiocephaly status. The rate of increase in each parameter was also examined. In total, 88 infants (45 boys and 43 girls) were included in this study. All growth-related parameters were noted to increase linearly with time. Sex differences were observed in all parameters except cranial length. Deformational plagiocephaly was found to have no effect on growth-related parameters. Cranial volume increased by 60% from 1 to 6 months of age. The growth almost uniformly influenced the rate of increase in volume in each coordinate axis direction. Overall, the mean trends in three-dimensional parameters in infants up to 6 months of age were obtained using a three-dimensional scanner. These trends could be used as a guide by medical professionals involved in cranioplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Miyabayashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center
| | - Nobuhiko Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Risa Kato
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Takanori Noto
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine.,Noto Children's Clinic
| | - Mari Sasano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Koichiro Sumi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Atsuo Yoshino
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|