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Thomas JM, Thomas SA, Maxwell D. Bodily Autonomy and Trauma: Understanding the Nature of the Association Between Sexual Trauma, an External Locus of Control, and Depressive Symptoms. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2024; 39:219-239. [PMID: 38955469 DOI: 10.1891/vv-2022-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
There is growing evidence suggesting an increased perception of control is associated with reduced psychological distress among survivors of sexual trauma. The current study advances the extant literature by investigating the association between depressive symptoms, sexual trauma, and an external locus of control or the perception life events are outside one's own control. To do so, we analyze data from the New Family Structures Study, a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults ages 18-39. Results from ordinary least square regression analyses suggest sexual trauma and an external locus of control are associated with significantly greater depressive symptoms and that external control exacerbates the association between sexual trauma and depression. Such findings suggest future research should investigate environmental control for sexual trauma survivors in areas such as prenatal care and the justice system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M Thomas
- School of Social Work, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Shaun A Thomas
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - December Maxwell
- Anne and Henry Zarrow School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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Jegede O, Manhapra A, Zhou B, Rhee TG, Rosenheck RA. Monotonic Association of Increasing Past-Year Substance Use Disorder across a Four-Level Trauma Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Hierarchy in a Nationwide Sample. J Dual Diagn 2023; 19:231-239. [PMID: 37796996 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2023.2260339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is limited information on the differences in the association of substance use disorders (SUD) with four clinically relevant hierarchical groups based on trauma exposure and its consequences (1-no trauma; 2-trauma but no PTSD; 3-remitted PTSD; and 4-current PTSD). METHODS Among adults enrolled in a large nationally representative survey, the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave III (NESARC III), we compared differences in SUD prevalence between each of the hierarchical trauma group and the prior group adjusting for potentially confounding factors. RESULTS Unadjusted results show that each increase in the hierarchy was associated with a greater likelihood of SUD diagnoses, even after adjusting for potentially confounding variables. However, after adjusting for covariates, comparison of adults with past to those with current PTSD showed persistence of SUD indicators. CONCLUSION SUD prevalence increased substantially with trauma exposure even without PTSD and monotonically increased further with past and current PTSD, respectively, illustrating the differential effect of the clinical consequences of trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwole Jegede
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ajay Manhapra
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- New England Mental Illness Research Education Clinical Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Hampton VA Medical center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
- Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Psychiatry, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Taeho Greg Rhee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- New England Mental Illness Research Education Clinical Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Robert A Rosenheck
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- New England Mental Illness Research Education Clinical Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Gandelman EM, Miller SA, Back SE. Imaginal exposure processing during Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders using Prolonged Exposure (COPE) therapy: Examination of linguistic markers of cohesiveness. J Trauma Stress 2022; 35:682-693. [PMID: 34979039 PMCID: PMC9035056 DOI: 10.1002/jts.22786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE) is an integrated, evidence-based treatment that results in significant reductions in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) severity. Emotional processing theory suggests that successful prolonged exposure-based treatments should result in more cohesive trauma narratives due to better integration and organization of trauma memory into cognitive conceptualizations of fear. Therefore, we hypothesized that language used by patients would become more cohesive over time and increased language cohesion would be related to larger reductions in PTSD and SUD outcomes. Broadly, language cohesion refers to several linguistic devices that help establish and cohere meaning throughout spoken and written discourse (e.g., increased use of transition words like "and," "then," and "but"). This was the first known study to examine changes in language related to both PTSD and SUD severity during COPE treatment. The sample included 28 military veterans with current comorbid PTSD/SUD enrolled in a larger COPE study. A text analysis program, Coh-Metrix, was used to analyze language cohesiveness. No language cohesion variables significantly changed over time. Narrativity levels significantly moderated change in PTSD outcomes, R β 2 $R_\beta ^2\;$ = 0.11. Adversative connectives significantly moderated change in SUD outcomes, R β 2 $R_\beta ^2\;$ = 0.26. The findings illuminate potential processes underlying successful COPE treatment. Less use of language conveying a narrative and more use of contrast-indicative words (e.g., but, whereas) was associated with larger reductions in PTSD and SUD outcomes during treatment. These results contribute to the extant literature on associations between trauma exposure, language, and emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Gandelman
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven A. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sudie E. Back
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Kekibiina A, Adong J, Fatch R, Emenyonu NI, Marson K, Beesiga B, Lodi S, Muyindike WR, Kamya M, Chamie G, McDonell MG, Hahn JA. Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:457. [PMID: 34535103 PMCID: PMC8449437 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to describe the prevalence of PTSD symptoms and its associated factors in persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Uganda who engage in heavy alcohol use. METHODS We analyzed baseline data from the Drinkers Intervention to Prevent Tuberculosis study which enrolls PLWH with latent tuberculosis who engage in heavy alcohol consumption. Using the primary care Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) screening scale from the DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5), probable PTSD was defined as reporting ≥3 of 5 assessed symptoms. We conducted the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption and assessed demographics, smoking, symptoms of depression, and spirituality/religiosity. RESULTS Of 421 participants enrolled from 2018 through 2020, the majority (68.2%) were male, median age was 40 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 32-47), and median AUDIT-C score was 6 [IQR: 4-8]. Half (50.1%) of the participants reported ever experiencing a traumatic event, and 20.7% reported ≥3 symptoms of PTSD. The most commonly reported PTSD symptoms in the past 1 month in the entire sample were avoidance (28.3%), nightmares (27.3%), and being constantly on guard (21.6%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, level of alcohol use was not associated with probable PTSD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for each AUDIT-C point: (1.02; 95% CI: 0.92-1.14; p = 0.69); however, lifetime smoking (AOR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.10-3.24) and reporting symptoms of depression (AOR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.04-3.44) were independently associated with probable PTSD. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS A history of traumatic events and probable PTSD were frequently reported among persons who engage in heavy drinking, living with HIV in Uganda. Level of alcohol use was not associated with probable PTSD in this sample of PLWH with heavy alcohol use, however other behavioral and mental health factors were associated with probable PTSD. These data highlight the high prevalence of PTSD in this group, and the need for screening and interventions for PTSD and mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Kekibiina
- grid.33440.300000 0001 0232 6272Global Health Collaborative, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Julian Adong
- grid.33440.300000 0001 0232 6272Global Health Collaborative, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Robin Fatch
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Nneka I. Emenyonu
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Kara Marson
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Brian Beesiga
- grid.463352.5Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration (IDRC), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sara Lodi
- grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Winnie R. Muyindike
- grid.33440.300000 0001 0232 6272Global Health Collaborative, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda ,grid.459749.20000 0000 9352 6415Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Moses Kamya
- grid.463352.5Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration (IDRC), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Gabriel Chamie
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Michael G. McDonell
- grid.30064.310000 0001 2157 6568Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA USA
| | - Judith A. Hahn
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
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Luteijn I, VanDerNagel JEL, van Duijvenbode N, de Haan HA, Poelen EAP, Didden R. Post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder in individuals with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning: A review of treatment studies. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 105:103753. [PMID: 32763655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning (MID-BIF; IQ 50-85) are at high risk for developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUD). In individuals without MID-BIF, Seeking Safety (SeSa) is found to be effective in treating PTSD and SUD simultaneously. However, little is known about integrated treatment of PTSD and SUD in individuals with MID-BIF. This review aims to provide an overview of studies about this type of triple psychopathology, as well as PTSD or SUD in individuals with MID-BIF (i.e. dual diagnosis). No studies were found on integrated treatment of PTSD and SUD in individuals with MID-BIF. Thirty-two studies were found on treatment of either PTSD (mostly Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and cognitive behavior therapy) or SUD (mostly cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness) in individuals with MID-BIF. Only 9.4 % of these studies mentioned the co-morbidity of PTSD and SUD. Suggestions for adapting treatment to individuals with MID-BIF were provided on communication, structure, non-verbal elements, network, coping skills, therapeutic relationship and use of suitable and reliable instruments to measure treatment progress. More research is needed on the effectivity of EMDR or Imaginary Exposure (IE) combined with SUD treatment (CBT and mindfulness), and on the adaption of SeSa tot individuals with MID-BIF, as well as on this type of triple psychopathology in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Luteijn
- Tactus Verslavingszorg, P.O. Box 154, 7400 AD, Deventer, the Netherlands.
| | - Joanneke E L VanDerNagel
- Tactus Verslavingszorg, P.O. Box 154, 7400 AD, Deventer, the Netherlands; Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, Nijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, P.O Box 6909, 6503 GK Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Aveleijn, Grotestraat 260, 7622 GW Borne, the Netherlands; University of Twente, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, & Computer Science, Human Media Interaction, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Neomi van Duijvenbode
- Tactus Verslavingszorg, P.O. Box 154, 7400 AD, Deventer, the Netherlands; Trajectum, Hanzeallee 2, 8017 KZ Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Hein A de Haan
- Tactus Verslavingszorg, P.O. Box 154, 7400 AD, Deventer, the Netherlands; Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, Nijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction, P.O Box 6909, 6503 GK Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Evelien A P Poelen
- Pluryn, Research & Development, Industrieweg 50, 6541 TW, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Didden
- Trajectum, Hanzeallee 2, 8017 KZ Zwolle, the Netherlands; Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Yaacoub H, Haddad C, Dib T, Zoghbi M, Assaad S, Obeid S, Sacre H, Hallit S, Kazour F. Posttraumatic stress disorders and depression among male inpatient adults involved in the Lebanese war. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2020; 56:263-269. [PMID: 31318076 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE to evaluate factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in a sample of hospitalized Lebanese adult males who directly or indirectly were involved in armed conflicts. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Seventy-seven hospitalized males were enrolled between June and December 2016. The Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview were used to assess anxiety, depression, and PTSD. RESULTS Participation in war (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] = 6.35) and depression (ORa = 1.08) were associated with higher PTSD, whereas age (ORa = 0.94) and substance use (ORa = 0.19) were associated with lower PTSD. Anxiety (β = .87), substance use (β = 6.27) and PTSD (β = 8.78; P = .008) were associated with higher depression. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS People who experienced war conflicts (directly or indirectly) are more prone to suffer from mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Yaacoub
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Tania Dib
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marouan Zoghbi
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Shafika Assaad
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pedagogy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Drug Information Center, Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Francois Kazour
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pedagogy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,INSERM U930, équipe 4 "Troubles Affectifs", Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, Tours, France
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Zhang TT, Ma J, Durbin KR, Montavon T, Lacy SE, Jenkins GJ, Doktor S, Kalvass JC. Determination of IL-23 Pharmacokinetics by Highly Sensitive Accelerator Mass Spectrometry and Subsequent Modeling to Project IL-23 Suppression in Psoriasis Patients Treated with Anti-IL-23 Antibodies. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 21:82. [PMID: 31250228 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-23 is a key modulator of the immune response, making it an attractive target for the treatment of autoimmune disease. Correspondingly, several monoclonal antibodies against IL-23 are either in development or approved for autoimmune indications such as psoriasis. Despite being a clinical validated target, IL-23 pharmacokinetics (e.g., IL-23 synthesis and elimination rates) and the degree of target suppression (i.e., decrease in free "active" IL-23) associated with clinical efficacy are not well understood, primarily due to its ultra-low circulating levels and the lack of sensitive and accurate measurement methods. In the current work, this issue was overcome by using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to measure the concentration and pharmacokinetics of human recombinant [14C]-IL-23 following an intravenous trace-dose in cynomolgus monkeys. IL-23 pharmacokinetic parameters along with clinical drug exposure and IL-23 binding affinities from four different anti-IL-23 antibodies (ustekinumab, tildrakizumab, guselkumab, and risankizumab) were used to build a pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) model to assess the time course of free IL-23 over one year in psoriasis patients following different dosing regimens. The predicted rank order of reduction of free IL-23 was consistent with their reported rank order of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 100 scores in clinical efficacy trials (ustekinumab < tildrakizumab < guselkumab < risankizumab), thus demonstrating the utility of highly sensitive AMS for determining target pharmacokinetics to inform PK/PD modeling and assessing target suppression associated with clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Zhang
- DMPK, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Junli Ma
- DMPK-BA, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Susan E Lacy
- Immuno-oncology, AbbVie, Inc., Redwood City, California, USA
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Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has included complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) in the final draft of the 11th edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11), which was published in June, 2018 and is scheduled to be submitted to WHO's World Health Assembly for official endorsement in 2019. Mental health providers will want to be informed about this diagnosis in order to provide effective treatment. Complex PTSD, or developmental PTSD as it is also called, refers to the constellation of symptoms that may result from prolonged, chronic exposure to traumatic experiences, especially in childhood, as opposed to PTSD which is more typically associated with a discrete traumatic incident or set of traumatic events. Although it has been a controversial diagnosis and is not included in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), lines of evidence support its distinct profile and utility. In this case study, we elucidate and discuss some aspects of the diagnosis and its treatment.
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