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Ikliptikawati DK, Makiyama K, Hazawa M, Wong RW. Unlocking the Gateway: The Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of the p53 Family Driven by the Nuclear Pores and Its Implication for the Therapeutic Approach in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7465. [PMID: 39000572 PMCID: PMC11242911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The p53 family remains a captivating focus of an extensive number of current studies. Accumulating evidence indicates that p53 abnormalities rank among the most prevalent in cancer. Given the numerous existing studies, which mostly focus on the mutations, expression profiles, and functional perturbations exhibited by members of the p53 family across diverse malignancies, this review will concentrate more on less explored facets regarding p53 activation and stabilization by the nuclear pore complex (NPC) in cancer, drawing on several studies. p53 integrates a broad spectrum of signals and is subject to diverse regulatory mechanisms to enact the necessary cellular response. It is widely acknowledged that each stage of p53 regulation, from synthesis to degradation, significantly influences its functionality in executing specific tasks. Over recent decades, a large body of data has established that mechanisms of regulation, closely linked with protein activation and stabilization, involve intricate interactions with various cellular components. These often transcend canonical regulatory pathways. This new knowledge has expanded from the regulation of genes themselves to epigenomics and proteomics, whereby interaction partners increase in number and complexity compared with earlier paradigms. Specifically, studies have recently shown the involvement of the NPC protein in such complex interactions, underscoring the further complexity of p53 regulation. Furthermore, we also discuss therapeutic strategies based on recent developments in this field in combination with established targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dini Kurnia Ikliptikawati
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan;
| | - Kei Makiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Division of Transdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan
| | - Masaharu Hazawa
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan;
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Division of Transdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan
| | - Richard W. Wong
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan;
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Division of Transdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan
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Singh D, Khan MA, Mishra D, Goel A, Ansari MA, Akhtar K, Siddique HR. Apigenin enhances sorafenib anti-tumour efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 43:101920. [PMID: 38394865 PMCID: PMC10899070 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The "one drug-one target" paradigm has various limitations affecting drug efficacy, such as resistance profiles and adverse effects. Combinational therapies help reduce unexpected off-target effects and accelerate therapeutic efficacy. Sorafenib- an FDA-approved drug for liver cancer, has multiple limitations. Therefore, it is recommended to identify an agent that increases its effectiveness and reduces toxicity. In this regard, Apigenin, a plant flavone, would be an excellent option to explore. METHODS We used in silico, in vitro, and animal models to explore our hypothesis. For the in vitro study, HepG2 and Huh7 cells were exposed to Apigenin (12-96 μM) and Sorafenib (1-10 μM). For the in vivo study, Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (25 mg/kg) induced tumor-bearing animals were given Apigenin (50 mg/kg) or Sorafenib (10 mg/kg) alone and combined. Apigenin's bioavailability was checked by UPLC. Tumor nodules were studied macroscopically and by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Biochemical analysis, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR were done. RESULTS The results revealed Apigenin's good bioavailability. In silico study showed binding affinity of both chemicals with p53, NANOG, ß-Catenin, c-MYC, and TLR4. We consistently observed a better therapeutic efficacy in combination than alone treatment. Combination treatment showed i) better cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and cell cycle arrest of tumor cells, ii) tumor growth reduction, iii) increased expression of p53 and decreased Cd10, Nanog, ß-Catenin, c-Myc, Afp, and Tlr4. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, Apigenin could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of Sorafenib against liver cancer and may be a promising therapeutic approach for treating HCC. However, further research is imperative to gain more in-depth mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Singh
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Afsar Khan
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Dhruv Mishra
- Department of Zoology, DAV College (PG), Maa Shakumbhari University, Muzaffarnagar-251001, India
| | - Aditya Goel
- Department of Biotechnology, SCLS, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mairaj Ahmed Ansari
- Department of Biotechnology, SCLS, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Kafil Akhtar
- Department of Pathology, JN Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Hifzur R Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Yao ZX, Tu JH, Liu YL, Xue XF, Qin L. Long Non-coding RNA LINC00342 Promotes the Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Regulating the Expression of miRNA-19a-3p, miRNA-545-5p, and miRNA-203a-3p. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:675-697. [PMID: 37395850 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00342-207 (LINC00342) in the development and progression of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Forty-two surgically resected HCC tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues were collected from October 2019 to December 2020 and examined for lncRNA LINC00342, microRNA (miR)-19a-3p, miR-545-5p, miR-203a-3p, cell cycle protein D1 (CyclinD1/CCND1), murine double minute 2 (MDM2), and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression. The disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with HCC were followed up. HCC cell lines and the normal hepatocyte cell line HL-7702 were cultured and the expression level of LINC00342 was measured. HepG2 cells were transfected with LINC00342 siRNA, LINC00342 overexpression plasmid, miR-19a-3p mimics and their corresponding suppressors, miR-545-5p mimics and their corresponding suppressors, and miR-203a-3p mimics and their corresponding suppressors. The proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of HepG2 cells were detected. Stably transfected HepG2 cells were inoculated into the left axilla of male BALB/c nude mice, and the volume and quality of transplanted tumors as well as the expression levels of LINC00342, miR-19a-3p, miR-545-5p, miR-203a-3p, CCND1, MDM2, and FGF2 were examined. LINC00342 played an oncogenic role in HCC and exhibited inhibitory effects on proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Moreover, it inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors in vivo in mice. Mechanistically, the oncogenic effect of LINC00342 was associated with the targeted regulation of the miR-19a-3p/CCND1, miR-545-5p/MDM2, and miR-203a-3p/FGF2 axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Xi Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215031, China
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Jun-Hao Tu
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Yu-Lin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xue
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215031, China.
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215031, China.
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Li Y, Zhu J, Yu Z, Zhai F, Li H, Jin X. Regulation of apoptosis by ubiquitination in liver cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:4832-4871. [PMID: 37970337 PMCID: PMC10636691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process critical to cell development and tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Defective apoptosis is a crucial step in the malignant transformation of cells, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where the apoptosis rate is higher than in normal liver tissues. Ubiquitination, a post-translational modification process, plays a precise role in regulating the formation and function of different death-signaling complexes, including those involved in apoptosis. Aberrant expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) in liver cancer (LC), such as cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs), X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), and linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), can contribute to HCC development by promoting cell survival and inhibiting apoptosis. Therefore, the review introduces the main apoptosis pathways and the regulation of proteins in these pathways by E3s and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). It summarizes the abnormal expression of these regulators in HCC and their effects on cancer inhibition or promotion. Understanding the role of ubiquitination in apoptosis and LC can provide insights into potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zongdong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Fengguang Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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5
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Choudhary HB, Mandlik SK, Mandlik DS. Role of p53 suppression in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2023; 14:46-70. [PMID: 37304923 PMCID: PMC10251250 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v14.i3.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the world, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the top 10 most prevalent malignancies. HCC formation has indeed been linked to numerous etiological factors, including alcohol usage, hepatitis viruses and liver cirrhosis. Among the most prevalent defects in a wide range of tumours, notably HCC, is the silencing of the p53 tumour suppressor gene. The control of the cell cycle and the preservation of gene function are both critically important functions of p53. In order to pinpoint the core mechanisms of HCC and find more efficient treatments, molecular research employing HCC tissues has been the main focus. Stimulated p53 triggers necessary reactions that achieve cell cycle arrest, genetic stability, DNA repair and the elimination of DNA-damaged cells’ responses to biological stressors (like oncogenes or DNA damage). To the contrary hand, the oncogene protein of the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is a significant biological inhibitor of p53. MDM2 causes p53 protein degradation, which in turn adversely controls p53 function. Despite carrying wt-p53, the majority of HCCs show abnormalities in the p53-expressed apoptotic pathway. High p53 in-vivo expression might have two clinical impacts on HCC: (1) Increased levels of exogenous p53 protein cause tumour cells to undergo apoptosis by preventing cell growth through a number of biological pathways; and (2) Exogenous p53 makes HCC susceptible to various anticancer drugs. This review describes the functions and primary mechanisms of p53 in pathological mechanism, chemoresistance and therapeutic mechanisms of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena B Choudhary
- Department of Pharmacology, BVDU, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BVDU, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepa S Mandlik
- Department of Pharmacology, BVDU, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
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Ayesha M, Majid A, Zhao D, Greenaway FT, Yan N, Liu Q, Liu S, Sun MZ. MiR-4521 plays a tumor repressive role in growth and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma cells by suppressing phosphorylation of FAK/AKT pathway via targeting FAM129A. J Adv Res 2022; 36:147-161. [PMID: 35127170 PMCID: PMC8799875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Munawar Ayesha
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Abbasi Majid
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Dongting Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Frederick T. Greenaway
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
| | - Naimeng Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Qinlong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Ming-Zhong Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
- Corresponding authors.
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7
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Farzaneh Z, Vosough M, Agarwal T, Farzaneh M. Critical signaling pathways governing hepatocellular carcinoma behavior; small molecule-based approaches. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:208. [PMID: 33849569 PMCID: PMC8045321 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01924-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of death due to cancer. Although there are different treatment options, these strategies are not efficient in terms of restricting the tumor cell's proliferation and metastasis. The liver tumor microenvironment contains the non-parenchymal cells with supportive or inhibitory effects on the cancerous phenotype of HCC. Several signaling pathways are dis-regulated in HCC and cause uncontrolled cell propagation, metastasis, and recurrence of liver carcinoma cells. Recent studies have established new approaches for the prevention and treatment of HCC using small molecules. Small molecules are compounds with a low molecular weight that usually inhibit the specific targets in signal transduction pathways. These components can induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, block metastasis, and tumor growth. Devising strategies for simultaneously targeting HCC and the non-parenchymal population of the tumor could lead to more relevant research outcomes. These strategies may open new avenues for the treatment of HCC with minimal cytotoxic effects on healthy cells. This study provides the latest findings on critical signaling pathways governing HCC behavior and using small molecules in the control of HCC both in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Farzaneh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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8
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Huang X, Wang B, Chen R, Zhong S, Gao F, Zhang Y, Niu Y, Li C, Shi G. The Nuclear Farnesoid X Receptor Reduces p53 Ubiquitination and Inhibits Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:583146. [PMID: 33889569 PMCID: PMC8056046 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.583146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in cervical cancer and the underlying molecular mechanism remain largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the mechanism of FXR in cervical cancer. Western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that FXR was significantly reduced in squamous cell carcinoma tissues, although there were no associations of metastasis and TNM stage with FXR. In Lenti-FXR cells obtained by lentiviral transfection, the overexpression of FXR reduced cell viability and colony formation. Compared with the Lenti-Vector groups, the overexpression of FXR induced early and late apoptosis and promoted G1 arrest. With time, early apoptosis decreased, and late apoptosis increased. In tumor xenograft experiments, overexpression of FXR upregulated small heterodimer partner (SHP), murine double minute-2 (MDM2), and p53 in the nucleus. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) showed that SHP directly interacted with MDM2, which is important to protect p53 from ubiquitination. Nutlin3a increased MDM2 and p53 amounts in the Lenti-Vector groups, without effects in the Lenti-FXR groups. Silencing SHP reduced MDM2 and p53 levels in the Lenti-FXR groups, and Nutlin3a counteracted these effects. Taken together, these findings suggest that FXR inhibits cervical cancer via upregulation of SHP, MDM2, and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Runji Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shuping Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Fenfei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yongdong Niu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Congzhu Li
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Congzhu Li,
| | - Ganggang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Ganggang Shi,
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9
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Yu H, Li M, He R, Fang P, Wang Q, Yi Y, Wang F, Zhou L, Zhang Y, Chen A, Peng N, Liu D, Trilling M, Broering R, Wiemer EAC, Lu M, Zhu Y, Liu S. Major Vault Protein Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Targeting Interferon Regulatory Factor 2 and Decreasing p53 Activity. Hepatology 2020; 72:518-534. [PMID: 31758709 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Major vault protein (MVP) is up-regulated during infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Here, we found that MVP deficiency inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development induced by diethylnitrosamine, hepatitis B X protein, and HCV core. APPROACH AND RESULTS Forced MVP expression was sufficient to induce HCC in mice. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the ubiquitin ligase human double minute 2 (HDM2) forms mutual exclusive complexes either with interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2) or with p53. In the presence of MVP, HDM2 is liberated from IRF2, leading to the ubiquitination of the tumor suppressor p53. Mouse xenograft models showed that HBV and HCV promote carcinogenesis through MVP induction, resulting in a loss of p53 mediated by HDM2. Analyses of clinical samples from chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, and HCC revealed that MVP up-regulation correlates with several hallmarks of malignancy and associates with poor overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, through the sequestration of IRF2, MVP promotes an HDM2-dependent loss of p53 that promotes HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui He
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peining Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Yi
- The Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection of the Ministry of Education and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Animal Biosafety Level III Laboratory at the Center for Animal Experiment, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Aidong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nanfang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mirko Trilling
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ruth Broering
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Erik A C Wiemer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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10
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Li YH, Zhong M, Zang HL, Tian XF. MTA1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Downregulation of DNA-PK-Mediated H1.2 T146 Phosphorylation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:567. [PMID: 32435614 PMCID: PMC7218115 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Global incidence and mortality associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is steadily increasing. Metastasis-associated 1 (MTA1) can induce tumorigenesis and metastatic progression in HCC. However, the mechanistic details of MTA1-mediated regulation of HCC has not been completely defined. Epigenetic histone modification is closely related to tumor development. Histone cluster 1 H1 family member c (H1.2) is important for epigenetic histone modification and chromatin remodeling; however, whether it has a role in HCC tumorigenesis is not known. In the current study, we confirmed that MTA1 promoted HCC cell growth and migration. Our results further show that MTA1 inhibited the phosphorylation of histone cluster 1 H1 family member c (H1.2) at threonine-146 residue (T146) (H1.2T146ph). MTA1 inhibited H1.2T146ph by mediating proteasomal degradation of the DNA protein kinase (DNA-PK). Pharmacological inhibition of proteasomal degradation of DNA-PK or genetic ablation of E3 ligase mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) rescued expression of DNA-PK, and subsequent phosphorylation of H1.2. MTA1's role in HCC was inhibited by ectopic expression of H1.2T146ph in HCC cell lines. Our results showed that H1.2T146ph can bind to MTA1 target genes. Collectively, our study confirms that MTA1 functions as an oncogene and promotes HCC progression. The epigenetic histone modifier H1.2T146ph exerts critical role in the regulation of MTA1-induced tumorigenesis. MTA1 regulates posttranslational activation of H1.2 by regulating the cognate kinase, DNA-PK, via the ubiquitin proteasome system. MTA1 expression was inversely correlated to both DNA-PK and phosphorylated H1.2 in HCC tissue specimens compared to tumor adjacent normal hepatic tissue, revealing that the MTA1/MDM2/DNA-PK/H1.2 is an important therapeutic axis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hui Li
- Department of General Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Respiratory Department, The China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Liang Zang
- Department of General Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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11
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Afroz A, Saleem S, Sughra K, Khan SA, Zeeshan N. Identification of Candidate Biomarkers for HCV Leading to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Differential Stages From Serum Samples. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412914666180912111038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly liver malignancy
found and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a prominent risk factor for this disease. Prognosis of HCC is poor;
initiate the need of markers to discover therapeutic targets in HCC.
Introduction:
Clinical staging systems of HCC composed of tumor characteristics along with liver
function test are important in prognosis but they are not precise. Molecular profiling can lead to a better
understanding of the physiopathology of HCC and can help in the development of novel therapeutic
approaches.
Methods:
64 HCC serum samples (shifted from HCV) were graded into stage I- IV; along with +ive (3
Hepatitis C) and -ive control (2 healthy persons). Proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide
gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential mRNA expression from serum samples
of different HCC stages was confirmed by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR).
Results:
HCC serum proteins displayed differential expression of glutathione s-transferase (GST),
glypican-3 (GPC3), vitronectin (VTN), and clusterin (CLU) by SDS-PAGE. GST was expressed in -ive
control, while GPC3 was found in both -ive and +ive control. The qPCR analysis, display more than
0.07 fold decrease in GST in I-IV HCC stages. The highest increase in HCC stages was observed by
GPC3; about 4 fold increase in I-IV stages. VTN show 1.7-3.4 fold; while CLU show 2-3.5 fold increase
in four stages of HCC.
Conclusion:
GPC3, VTN and CLU in combination can be good potential markers for differentiating
stages (I-IV) of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Afroz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Saba Saleem
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Kalsoom Sughra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Sabaz Ali Khan
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Zeeshan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
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12
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Wang Y, Jiang X, Feng F, Liu W, Sun H. Degradation of proteins by PROTACs and other strategies. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:207-238. [PMID: 32082969 PMCID: PMC7016280 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blocking the biological functions of scaffold proteins and aggregated proteins is a challenging goal. PROTAC proteolysis-targeting chimaera (PROTAC) technology may be the solution, considering its ability to selectively degrade target proteins. Recent progress in the PROTAC strategy include identification of the structure of the first ternary eutectic complex, extra-terminal domain-4-PROTAC-Von-Hippel-Lindau (BRD4-PROTAC-VHL), and PROTAC ARV-110 has entered clinical trials for the treatment of prostate cancer in 2019. These discoveries strongly proved the value of the PROTAC strategy. In this perspective, we summarized recent meaningful research of PROTAC, including the types of degradation proteins, preliminary biological data in vitro and in vivo, and new E3 ubiquitin ligases. Importantly, the molecular design, optimization strategy and clinical application of candidate molecules are highlighted in detail. Future perspectives for development of advanced PROTAC in medical fields have also been discussed systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xueyang Jiang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian 223003, China
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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13
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Xu X, Li S, Cui X, Han K, Wang J, Hou X, Cui L, He S, Xiao J, Yang Y. Inhibition of Ubiquitin Specific Protease 1 Sensitizes Colorectal Cancer Cells to DNA-Damaging Chemotherapeutics. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1406. [PMID: 31921663 PMCID: PMC6930197 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations and altered expression of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) have been found associated with many human diseases including cancers. In this study, Ubiquitin specific protease 1 (USP1) expression was found significantly increased in some colorectal cancers (CRC). The elevated USP1 level was associated with short overall survival of patients and with advanced stages of cancers. In cultured CRC cells, knockdown of USP1 induced growth arrest at G2/M of cell cycle and reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. Its knockdown also led to reduction of DNA-repair related substrates FANCD2 and ID1. Further investigations found that small molecular inhibitor of USP1 ML323 sensitized CRC cells to DNA-targeting chemotherapeutics, including doxorubicin, TOPI/II inhibitors, and PARP inhibitor, but not to 5-Fu. These results indicate that USP1 plays a critical in colorectal cancer cell survival and is a promising target for anti-colorectal cancer chemotherapy. Targeting USP1 may represent an effective strategy to regulate the DNA-repairing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Center for Systems Medicine, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaoyan Li
- Center for Systems Medicine, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ximao Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunkun Han
- The Asclepius Technology Company Group and Asclepius Cancer Research Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Hou
- Center for Systems Medicine, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Long Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Songbing He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiecheng Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yili Yang
- Center for Systems Medicine, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Qingfeng Pharmaceutical, Ganzhou, China
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14
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Zhang J, Kong X, Zhang Y, Sun W, Xu E, Chen X. Mdm2 is a target and mediator of IRP2 in cell growth control. FASEB J 2019; 34:2301-2311. [PMID: 31907996 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902278rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element to all living organisms and plays a vital role in many cellular processes, such as DNA synthesis and energy production. The Mdm2 oncogene is an E3 ligase and known to promote tumor growth. However, the role of Mdm2 in iron homeostasis is not certain. Here, we showed that Mdm2 expression was increased by iron depletion but decreased by iron repletion. We also showed that Iron Regulatory Protein 2 (IRP2) mediated iron-regulated Mdm2 expression. Specifically, Mdm2 expression was increased by ectopic IRP2 but decreased by knockdown or knockout of IRP2 in human cancer cells as well as in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. In addition, we showed that IRP2-regulated Mdm2 expression was independent of tumor suppressor p53. Mechanistically, we found that IRP2 stabilized Mdm2 transcript via binding to an iron response element (IRE) in the 3'UTR of Mdm2 mRNA. Finally, we showed that Mdm2 is required for IRP2-mediated cell proliferation and Mdm2 expression is highly associated with IRP2 in both the normal and cancerous liver tissues. Together, we uncover a novel regulation of Mdm2 by IRP2 via mRNA stability and that the IRP2-Mdm2 axis may play a critical role in cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Xiangmudong Kong
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Wenqiang Sun
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Enshun Xu
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Xinbin Chen
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
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15
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Stankovic T. Fine tuning of p53 functions between normal and leukemic cells: a new strategy for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica 2019; 104:2332-2334. [PMID: 31787615 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.230896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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16
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MicroRNA-645 represses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting SOX30-mediated p53 transcriptional activation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 121:214-222. [PMID: 30312695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Amount of evidence demonstrate that aberrant microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis and progression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among them, miR-645 is recently recognized as cancer-related miRNA and its significance in HCC remains largely unknown. In this study, we reported for the first that miR-645 expression was markedly elevated in HCC tissues and cell lines, and its up-regulation was associated with malignant clinical features, including tumor size and venous infiltration and poor prognosis. Our data revealed that miR-645 promoted cell proliferation, colony formation and inhibited apoptosis by gain- and loss-of function experiments in vitro. In vivo assays showed that miR-645 overexpression enhanced tumor growth. Moreover, miR-645 directly bound to the SOX30 3'-UTR and post-transcriptionally repressed SOX30 expression in HCC cells. Furthermore, miR-645 inversely correlated with SOX30 expression in HCC tissues. Restoration of SOX30 expression at least partially abolished the biological effects of miR-645 on HCC cells. SOX30 regulated HCC progression through aberrant activation of p53 by directly binding to its promoter. Taken together, this research supports the first evidence that miR-645 exerts an oncogenic role in HCC progression and may be a therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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