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Jamshaid H, Mishra RK, Ahamad N, Chandan V, Nadeem M, Kolář V, Jirků P, Müller M, Akshat T, Nazari S, Alexiou Ivanova T. Impact of construction parameters on ergonomic and thermo-physiological comfort performance of knitted occupational compression stocking materials. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26704. [PMID: 38434044 PMCID: PMC10906411 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This work investigates the effect of varying the knitting structure and stitch length (SL) on various thermo-physiological and ergonomic comfort properties of the occupational graduated compression socks. Thermo-physiological comfort, ergonomic comfort and dimensional stability of theses stockings were analysed in a comparative manner. Obtained results were evaluated statistically using the technique of analysis of variance (ANOVA). A Fisher's multiple comparison test was commissioned to analyze the relationship between the alteration of stitch length (SL) on various utility functions and properties desired in the occupational compression socks. In order to examine whether the difference of stitch length is significant, p values were determined. Further the influence of knitting structures e.g., plain, 2 × 2 Rib and 1 × 3 Rib was analysed on the selected properties. The interactive effect of both stitch length (SL) and knitting structure was studied using statistical techniques. It was concluded that knitting structure has a stronger impact on thermo-physiological and ergonomic comfort properties. Results showed a significant variation in thermo-physiological and ergonomic comfort by altering stitch length by means of the statistical analysis. An innovative approach for the manufacturers has been developed for optimizing performance in compression stockings. The construction of the compression socks can thus be optimized in terms of constructional parameters to provide optimum comfort to the users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Jamshaid
- School of Engg. & Technology, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan
| | - Rajesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Materials Sci. & Manufacturing Tech., Faculty of Engg., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Naseer Ahamad
- School of Appl. Sciences, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan
| | - Vijay Chandan
- Department of Materials Sci. & Manufacturing Tech., Faculty of Engg., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- School of Engg. & Technology, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan
| | - Viktor Kolář
- Department of Materials Sci. & Manufacturing Tech., Faculty of Engg., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jirků
- Department of Materials Sci. & Manufacturing Tech., Faculty of Engg., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Müller
- Department of Materials Sci. & Manufacturing Tech., Faculty of Engg., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Tegginamath Akshat
- Department of Machine Design and Mech. Faculty of Mech. Engg., Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, 46117, Czech Republic
| | - Shabnam Nazari
- Department of Sustainable Tech., Faculty of Tropical Agri-Sci., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Tatiana Alexiou Ivanova
- Department of Sustainable Tech., Faculty of Tropical Agri-Sci., Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Prague, 16500, Czech Republic
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Calvo-Lobo C, San-Antolín M, García-García D, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, Cosín-Matamoros J, Casado-Hernández I, Martínez-Jiménez EM, Mazoteras-Pardo V, Rodríguez-Sanz D. Intra- and inter-session reliability and repeatability of an infrared thermography device designed for materials to measure skin temperature of the triceps surae muscle tissue of athletes. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15011. [PMID: 36919164 PMCID: PMC10008311 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infrared thermography devices have been commonly applied to measure superficial temperature in structural composites and walls. These tools were cheaper than other thermographic devices used to measure superficial human muscle tissue temperature. In addition, infrared thermography has been previously used to assess skin temperature related to muscle tissue conditions in the triceps surae of athletes. Nevertheless, the reliability and repeatability of an infrared thermography device designed for materials, such as the Manual Infrared Camera PCE-TC 30, have yet to be determined to measure skin temperature of the triceps surae muscle tissue of athletes. Objective The purpose was to determine the procedure's intra- and inter-session reliability and repeatability to determine skin temperature within the Manual Infrared Camera PCE-TC 30 thermography device in the triceps surae muscle tissue of athletes, which was initially designed to measure the superficial temperature of materials. Methods A total of 34 triceps surae muscles were bilaterally assessed from 17 healthy athletes using the Manual Infrared Camera PCE-TC 30 thermography device to determine intra- (at the same day separated by 1 h) and inter-session (at alternate days separated by 48 h) reliability and repeatability of the skin temperature of the soleus, medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles. The triceps surae complex weas measured by a region of interest of 1 cm2 through five infrared thermography images for each muscle. Statistical analyses comprised intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimum detectable change (MCD), systematic error of measurement, correlation (r), and Bland-Altman plots completed with linear regression models (R 2). Results Intra- and inter-session measurements of the proposed infrared thermography procedure showed excellent reliability (ICC(1,2) = 0.968-0.977), measurement errors (SEM = 0.186-0.232 °C; MDC = 0.515-0.643 °C), correlations (r = 0.885-0.953), and did not present significant systematic error of measurements (P > 0.05). Adequate agreement between each pair of measurement moments was presented by the Bland-Altman plots according to the limits of agreement and non-significant linear regression models (R 2 = 0.000-0.019; P > 0.05). Conclusions The proposed procedure to determine skin temperature within the Manual Infrared Camera PCE-TC 30 thermography device presented excellent intra- and inter-session reliability and repeatability in athletes' triceps surae muscle tissue. Future studies should consider the SEM and MDC of this procedure to measure the skin temperature of soleus, medial, and lateral gastrocnemius muscles to promote triceps surae muscle prevention and recovery in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Calvo-Lobo
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta San-Antolín
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel García-García
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Escuela de Doctorado, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Julia Cosín-Matamoros
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Casado-Hernández
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Victoria Mazoteras-Pardo
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Toledo, Spain, Spain
| | - David Rodríguez-Sanz
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Pérez-Bellmunt A, Simon M, López-de-Celis C, Ortiz-Miguel S, González-Rueda V, Fernandez-de-Las-Peñas C. Effects on Neuromuscular Function After Ischemic Compression in Latent Trigger Points in the Gastrocnemius Muscles: A Randomized Within-Participant Clinical Trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2022; 45:490-496. [PMID: 33431281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in neuromuscular function, pain perception, and basic physical properties in latent myofascial trigger points (TrPs) after a single treatment session of ischemic compression in the gastrocnemius muscle. METHODS A randomized within-participant clinical trial with a blinded assessor was conducted. Twenty-nine asymptomatic volunteers with latent gastrocnemius-muscle TrPs were bilaterally explored. Each extremity was randomly assigned to the control group (no treatment) or the experimental group (90 seconds of ischemic compression over each TrP). Neuromuscular function of the gastrocnemius muscle was assessed using a MyotonPro. Muscle flexibility was analyzed using the lunge test and the passive ankle range of motion. The strength was determined with a handheld dynamometer (MicroFET2). Pain perception was analyzed with a 0-to-10 numerical pain rating scale and determination of pressure pain thresholds over each latent TrP. RESULTS The results revealed a reduction of 15.8% in pain perception and an increment of pressure tolerance of 9.9% without pain in the treatment group. Changes in muscle flexibility (active and passive) and most parameters for neuromuscular response (rigidity, elasticity, and relaxation) were also observed, but they were not significantly different between groups. The clinical effect sizes were moderate for pain perception (d = 0.69), pressure pain threshold (d = 0.78), muscle tone (d = 0.51), and elasticity (d = 0.54) in favor of the treated extremity. Small clinical effect sizes were observed for muscle physical outcomes. CONCLUSION The present study shows that the use of a single session of ischemic compression for latent gastrocnemius-muscle TrPs improved some sensory outcomes. The effects on ankle range of motion and neuromuscular responses were inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathias Simon
- Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - César Fernandez-de-Las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
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Martínez-Jiménez EM, Losa-Iglesias ME, González-Martín S, López-López D, Roca-Dols A, Rodriguez-Sanz D, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Calvo-Lobo C. A 120-second stretch improves postural control and plantar pressure: quasi-experimental study. SAO PAULO MED J 2022; 140:341-348. [PMID: 35508003 PMCID: PMC9671246 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0255.23072021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no studies on long-term bilateral calf stretching in relation to balance and plantar pressure. OBJECTIVES To demonstrate that there is better control of posture and pressures after continuous stretching of the posterior calf muscles. DESIGN AND SETTING Pre and post-intervention study conducted in a private clinic. METHODS We measured static footprints and stabilometry before and after continuous passive plantar flexor stretching of duration 120 seconds, among 24 healthy subjects. RESULTS We found differences in Y displacement with eyes closed (P = 0.010), but not among other variables with eyes closed: X displacement (P = 0.263); surface (P = 0.940); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.279); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.914). There were also no differences in eyes-open variables: X displacement (P = 0.341); Y displacement (P = 0.491); surface (P = 0.167); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.852); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.079). The plantar pressures in the heel (maximum pressure, P = 0.048; mean pressure, P = 0.001) and in the midfoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.004; mean pressure, P = 0.004) were reduced, but not in the forefoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.391; mean pressure, P = 0.225). The surface became larger in the forefoot (P = 0.000) and midfoot (P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS Continuous static stretching of plantar flexors for 120 seconds improved stance balance and reduced plantar pressures (maximum and mean) in the rearfoot and midfoot. It also increased the surface in the midfoot and forefoot. TRIAL REGISTRATION at clinicaltrials.gov, under the number NTC03743168.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva María Martínez-Jiménez
- PD, PT, MSc, PhD. Assistant Professor, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias
- PD, MSc, PhD. Full Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Sara González-Martín
- DN, MSc. Researcher, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel López-López
- PD, MSc, PhD. Senior Lecturer and Researcher, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Industrial Campus of Ferrol, Spain
| | - Andrea Roca-Dols
- PD, MSc, PhD. Researcher, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - David Rodriguez-Sanz
- DT, MSc. PhD. Senior Lecturer, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo
- RN, BSc, MLIS, DPM, DHL, PhD, FFPM, RCPS. Full Professor, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - César Calvo-Lobo
- DT, MSc, PhD. Senior Professor, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
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Perpetuini D, Formenti D, Cardone D, Filippini C, Merla A. Regions of interest selection and thermal imaging data analysis in sports and exercise science: a narrative review. Physiol Meas 2021; 42. [PMID: 34186518 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac0fbd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Infrared thermography (IRT) is a non-invasive, contactless and low-cost technology that allows recording of the radiating energy that is released from a body, providing an estimate of its superficial temperature. Thanks to the improvement of infrared thermal detectors, this technique is widely used in the biomedical field to monitor the skin temperature for different purposes (e.g. assessing circulatory diseases, psychophysiological state, affective computing). Particularly, in sports and exercise science, thermography is extensively used to assess sports performance, to investigate superficial vascular changes induced by physical exercise, and to monitor injuries. However, the methods of analysis employed to treat IRT data are not standardized, and hence introduce variability in the results. APPROACH This review focuses on the methods of analysis currently used for thermal imaging in sports and exercise science. MAIN RESULTS Firstly, the procedures employed for the selection of regions of interest (ROIs) from anatomical body districts are reviewed, paying attention also to the potentialities of morphing algorithms to increase the reproducibility of thermal results. Secondly, the statistical approaches utilized to characterize the temperature frequency and spatial distributions within ROIs are investigated, showing their strengths and weaknesses. Moreover, the importance of employing tracking methods to analyze the temporal thermal oscillations within ROIs is discussed. Thirdly, the capability of employing procedures of investigation based on machine learning frameworks on thermal imaging in sports science is examined. SIGNIFICANCE Finally, some proposals to improve the standardization and the reproducibility of IRT data analysis are provided, in order to facilitate the development of a common database of thermal images and to improve the effectiveness of IRT in sports science.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Perpetuini
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Damiano Formenti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via Dunant, 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Daniela Cardone
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Chiara Filippini
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Arcangelo Merla
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Benito-de-Pedro M, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Elena Losa-Iglesias M, Rodríguez-Sanz D, López-López D, Palomo-López P, Mazoteras-Pardo V, Calvo-Lobo AC. Effectiveness of Deep Dry Needling vs Ischemic Compression in the Latent Myofascial Trigger Points of the Shortened Triceps Surae from Triathletes on Ankle Dorsiflexion, Dynamic, and Static Plantar Pressure Distribution: A Clinical Trial. PAIN MEDICINE 2021; 21:e172-e181. [PMID: 31502640 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the immediate efficacy of a single session of deep dry needling (DDN) vs ischemic compression (ICT) in a latent myofascial trigger point (MTrP) of the shortened triceps surae from triathletes for ankle dorsiflexion and redistribution of plantar pressures and stability. DESIGN A randomized simple blind clinical trial (NCT03273985). SETTING An outpatient clinic. SUBJECTS Thirty-four triathletes with a latent MTrP in the shortened gastrocnemius. METHODS Triathletes were randomized to receive a single session of DDN (N = 17) or ICT (N = 17) in a latent MTrP of the shortened triceps surae. The primary outcome was ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) by a universal goniometer. Secondary objectives were distribution of dynamic and static plantar pressures by T-Plate platform pressure, with measurements both before and after five, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes of treatment. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) for ankle dorsiflexion ROM or dynamic and static plantar pressures between the experimental group treated with DDN and the control group treated with ICT before and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS DDN vs ICT carried out in latent MTrPs of the shortened gastrocnemius of triathletes did not present differences in terms of dorsiflexion ROM of the tibiofibular-talar joint or in static and dynamic plantar pressure changes before and immediately after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Benito-de-Pedro
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - David Rodríguez-Sanz
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences. Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain
| | - Patricia Palomo-López
- Department of Nursing, University Center of Plasencia, University of Extremadura, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Victoria Mazoteras-Pardo
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - And César Calvo-Lobo
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Pressure and Traction Technique Improves Postural Control More Than Tactile Stimulation in Foot Plantar Fascia: A Randomized Single-Blind Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 101:978-984. [PMID: 32113972 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To check the acute effects of manual pressure and traction technique on balance and plantar footprint variables. DESIGN A single-blind clinical study with 2 groups. SETTING Private practice. PARTICIPANTS Healthy participants (N=40; 28 female and 12 male) were recruited to carry out a single-blind study. INTERVENTIONS Experimental group performed a bilateral plantar fascia manual pressure and traction technique. Control group performed a tactile stimulation. The position of the participant, the therapist, and the time of application of the techniques (5min) were the same for both interventions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We measured stabilometry variables and static footprint. The footprint variables were divided in rear, middle, and front foot areas. RESULTS Significant differences were found in stabilometry variables. There was an improvement in experimental group at X displacement with eyes open (P=.014) and surface eyes closed (P=.046) variables. CONCLUSIONS After technique the experimental group improved the stabilometry variables, specifically surface with eyes closed and X displacement with eyes open. The static footprint variables have not shown differences after the technique compared with the control group.
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Acute effects of myofascial induction technique in plantar fascia complex in patients with myofascial pain syndrome on postural sway and plantar pressures: A quasi-experimental study. Phys Ther Sport 2020; 43:70-76. [PMID: 32114316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome varies from 21% 93%. Several studies have shown that myofascial induction is effective in treating myofascial pain syndrome. Although these techniques have shown some effectiveness in clinical practice, there have been little study into their effects, and have deep effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the application of a single myofascial induction technique for each foot, targeted to the plantar fascia resulted in changes in balance and footprint variables. DESIGN A quasi-experimental study. SETTING An outpatient clinic. SUBJECTS 20 healthy participants (12 females and 8 males) were evaluated pre and post Myofascial induction technique for each foot in plantar fascia during 5 min. METHODS We measured static footprint and stabilometry variables in asymptomatic subjects. The footprint surface area was divided: bilateral rear foot, bilateral midfoot, bilateral fore foot. RESULTS We found differences in the footprint variables: maximun pressure in forefoot (p = 0.025), surface in forefoot (p = 0.03). The myofascial induction has no effects on stabilometry variables. CONCLUSIONS The immediate effects of the longitudinal technique of myofascial induction of the plantar fascia are the increase of surface and maximum pressure in fore foot.
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Benito-de-Pedro M, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, Rodríguez-Sanz D, López-López D, Cosín-Matamoros J, Martínez-Jiménez EM, Calvo-Lobo C. Effectiveness between Dry Needling and Ischemic Compression in the Triceps Surae Latent Myofascial Trigger Points of Triathletes on Pressure Pain Threshold and Thermography: A Single Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1632. [PMID: 31590390 PMCID: PMC6832626 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep dry needling (DDN) and ischemic compression technic (ICT) may be considered as interventions used for the treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) in latent myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). The immediate effectiveness of both DDN and ICT on pressure pain threshold (PPT) and skin temperature of the latent MTrPs of the triceps surae has not yet been determined, especially in athletes due to their treatment requirements during training and competition. OBJECTIVE To compare the immediate efficacy between DDN and ICT in the latent MTrPs of triathletes considering PPT and thermography measurements. METHOD A total sample of 34 triathletes was divided into two groups: DDN and ICT. The triathletes only received a treatment session of DDN (n = 17) or ICT (n = 17). PPT and skin temperature of the selected latent MTrPs were assessed before and after treatment. RESULTS Statistically significant differences between both groups were shown after treatment, showing a PPT reduction (p < 0.05) in the DDN group, while PPT values were maintained in the ICT group. There were not statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) for thermographic values before and treatment for both interventions. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study suggested that ICT could be more advisable than DDN regarding latent MTrPs local mechanosensitivity immediately after treatment due to the requirements of training and competition in athletes' population. Nevertheless, further studies comparing both interventions in the long term should be carried out in this specific population due to the possible influence of delayed onset muscle soreness and muscle damage on PPT and thermography values secondary to the high level of training and competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Benito-de-Pedro
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040 Spain.
| | | | | | - David Rodríguez-Sanz
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040 Spain.
| | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Unit. Department of Health Sciences. Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol 15403, Spain.
| | - Julia Cosín-Matamoros
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040 Spain.
| | - Eva María Martínez-Jiménez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040 Spain.
| | - César Calvo-Lobo
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040 Spain.
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Romero-Morales C, Javier Martín-Llantino P, Calvo-Lobo C, Palomo-López P, López-López D, Fernández-Carnero J, Rodríguez-Sanz D. Ultrasonography effectiveness of the vibration vs cryotherapy added to an eccentric exercise protocol in patients with chronic mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy: A randomised clinical trial. Int Wound J 2019; 16:542-549. [PMID: 30790440 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is a very common disease in the general population as well as in athletes. The aim of the present study was to examine the tendon thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) in subjects with chronic mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy (AT) who engaged in either an eccentric exercise (EE) programme with vibration training or an EE programme combined with cryotherapy. A sample of 61 patients with chronic mid-portion AT were recruited and divided into two groups: EE programme vibration training (n = 30) and EE programme combined with cryotherapy (n = 31). Three ultrasound assessments were performed: pre-intervention and at 4, and at 12 weeks. The comparison of thickness and CSA measures at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase at 0, 2, 4, and 6 cm in maximal isometric contraction and at rest in subjects with chronic mid-portion AT. The EE vibration training resulted in a statistically significant CSA increase compared with the cryotherapy group in patients with chronic mid-portion AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Romero-Morales
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - César Calvo-Lobo
- Nursing and Physical Therapy Department, Insitute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Ponferrada, Spain
| | | | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Unit. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Josué Fernández-Carnero
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rodríguez-Sanz
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.,School of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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Martínez-Jiménez EM, Losa-Iglesias ME, Díaz-Velázquez JI, Becerro-De-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Palomo-López P, Calvo-Lobo C, López-López D, Rodríguez-Sanz D. Acute Effects of Intermittent Versus Continuous Bilateral Ankle Plantar Flexor Static Stretching on Postural Sway and Plantar Pressures: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8010052. [PMID: 30621009 PMCID: PMC6352023 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postural balance and fall efficacy (self-perceived confidence in performing daily physical activities) have been found to be risk factors associated with falls in older adults. Stretching is one intervention that has been investigated to improve balance and therefore reduce fall risk. Various forms of stretching have been evaluated with different outcomes, but there is a lack of knowledge about the effect of stretching (continuous and intermittent) on plantar pressures and balance. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of stretching (continuous and intermittent) of the bilateral ankle plantar flexors on plantar pressures and static balance. METHODS A randomized clinical trial was carried out. Forty-eight healthy subjects (42 females and 6 males) were recruited in an outpatient clinic. Subjects were randomly assigned to an intermittent stretching group (five sets of 1 min; 15 s of rest) or a continuous stretching group (2 min of continuous stretching) of the plantar flexors. Plantar pressures and balance using stabilometry were measured before and after stretching. RESULTS There were significant differences between intermittent and continuous stretching in rearfoot maximum pressure, forefoot surface area, and center of pressure surface area with eyes open. CONCLUSIONS Bilateral intermittent stretching of the ankle plantar flexors was found to be more effective than continuous stretching for the reduction of rearfoot maximum pressure and improved balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva María Martínez-Jiménez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | | | | | | | - Patricia Palomo-López
- Department of Nursing, University Center of Plasencia, University of Extremadura, Plasencia 10600, Spain.
| | - César Calvo-Lobo
- Nursing and Physical Therapy Department, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de León, Ponferrada 24401, León, Spain.
| | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences. Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol 15403, Spain.
| | - David Rodríguez-Sanz
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain.
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