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Gan Y, Zhang X, Cai P, Zhao L, Liu K, Wang H, Xu D. The Role of Oxidative Stress and DNA Hydroxymethylation in the Pathogenesis of Benzo[a]pyrene-Impaired Reproductive Function in Male Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39037180 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is known to cause teratogenesis. Environmental exposure of BaP has led to wide public concerns due to their potential risk of reproductive toxicity. However, the exact mechanism is still not clear. We aimed to explore the alterations of oxidative stress and DNA hydroxymethylation during BaP-impaired reproductive function. BALB/c mice were intragastrically administered with different doses of BaP (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg/day, once a day), while control mice were administered with corn coil. Then, the reproductive function, alterations of oxidative stress, DNA methylation, and DNA hydroxymethylation of testis tissues were evaluated. We found that BaP caused obvious histopathological damages of testis tissues. As for sperm parameters after BaP administration, testis weight and the rate of teratosperm were increased, as well as sperm count and motility were decreased. In mechanism, BaP upregulated HO-1 and MDA levels and downregulated SOD and CAT activity and GSH content in testis tissues, indicating that oxidative stress was induced by BaP. Furthermore, a significant induction of hydroxymethylation and inhibition of methylation were observed in testis tissues after BaP exposure. Collectively, BaP-induced oxidative stress and hydroxymethylation were involved in impairing reproductive function, which may be the mechanism of the male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gan
- Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Panyuan Cai
- Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kaiyong Liu
- Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dexiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Li MD, Chen LH, Xiang HX, Jiang YL, Lv BB, Xu DX, Zhao H, Fu L. Benzo[a]pyrene evokes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and pulmonary fibrosis through AhR-mediated Nrf2-p62 signaling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134560. [PMID: 38759404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and its metabolic end product benzo(a)pyren-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), are known toxic environmental pollutants. This study aimed to analyze whether sub-chronic BPDE exposure initiated pulmonary fibrosis and the potential mechanisms. In this work, male C57BL6/J mice were exposed to BPDE by dynamic inhalation exposure for 8 weeks. Our results indicated that sub-chronic BPDE exposure evoked pulmonary fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in mice. Both in vivo and in vitro, BPDE exposure promoted nuclear translocation of Snail. Further experiments indicated that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and p62 were upregulated in BPDE-exposed alveolar epithelial cells. Moreover, Nrf2 siRNA transfection evidently attenuated BPDE-induced p62 upregulation. Besides, p62 shRNA inhibited BPDE-incurred Snail nuclear translocation and EMT. Mechanically, BPDE facilitated physical interaction between p62 and Snail in the nucleus, then repressed Snail protein degradation by p62-dependent autophagy-lysosome pathway, and finally upregulated transcriptional activity of Snail. Additionally, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was activated in BPDE-treated alveolar epithelial cells. Dual-luciferase assay indicated activating AhR could bind to Nrf2 gene promoter. Moreover, pretreatment with CH223191 or α-naphthoflavone (α-NF), AhR antagonists, inhibited BPDE-activated Nrf2-p62 signaling, and alleviated BPDE-induced EMT and pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Taken together, AhR-mediated Nrf2-p62 signaling contributes to BaP-induced EMT and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Die Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Li-Hong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Hui-Xian Xiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ya-Lin Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Bozhou People's Hospital, Bozhou, Anhui 236800, China
| | - Bian-Bian Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
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Zhang C, Ma Y, Liu W, Ma S, Chen Z, Hao X, Sun Z, Wang Z. Transcriptomic and proteomic features of a mouse model of sperm DNA damage induced by benzo(a)pyrene. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 126:108596. [PMID: 38641015 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
This study replicated a mouse model of sperm DNA damage induced by benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), and the transcriptomic and proteomic features of the model were examined to clarify the pathways related to BaP-induced damage to sperm DNA. Male mice in the BaP group were subjected to BaP at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/d or an equivalent quantity of saline solution in the control group for 60 days. Subsequently, the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in sperm was assessed using a sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). RNA-seq and data-independent acquisition (DIA) were used to identify the mRNA and protein expression patterns in the testis. The sperm DFI significantly increased in the BaP group. Compared to the control group, the BaP group exhibited differential expression of 240 genes (referred to as DEGs) and 616 proteins (referred to as DEPs). These molecules included Aldh1a1, Cyb5r3, Fads1, Oxsm, Rcn3, and Prss45. Pathways in cancer, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, metabolic pathways, and the MAPK signaling pathway were the primary areas where these genes showed enrichment. BaP can damage the DNA of sperm and affect metabolism, the PI3K-Akt pathway, and pathways associated with cancer signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenming Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Yunfeng Ma
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Wenbang Liu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Sicheng Ma
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Zhelin Chen
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - XiaoHui Hao
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Zixue Sun
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 6 Dongfeng Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Zulong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China.
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Ghewade P, Vagha S, Ghewade B, Gadkari P. Role of Dietary Antioxidant Supplements in Male Infertility: A Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e61951. [PMID: 38978882 PMCID: PMC11229769 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility, which affects around 70 million couples globally, is the inability to conceive after at least a year of continuous, unprotected sexual activity. Male-related elements are involving half of all infertility cases globally. Male infertility has various characteristics, including oligospermia, asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of antioxidant-rich food supplements on the properties of semen, like concentration of sperm, morphology, motility, fertility rate, and damage of DNA. Terms such as coenzyme Q10, antioxidants, folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E, male infertility, selenium and others, were used to search for relevant research papers in the PubMed database. The findings of this study demonstrated beneficial improvements in semen parameters among infertile men who consumed dietary supplements, particularly combining antioxidants like coenzyme Q10, vitamin C, and vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunita Vagha
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Babaji Ghewade
- Respiratory Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Pravin Gadkari
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
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Chiti H, Hosseini E, Ebrahimi V, Mousavi SN. Correlation of Dietary Macro- and Micro-Mineral Intake with Seminal Plasma Quality/Quantity and Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Infertile Compared to the Normal Men: a Case-Control Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1991-1997. [PMID: 37721681 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03834-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Male infertility is a global public health issue, but studies on the correlation between the dietary components and sperm quality showed inconclusive results due to the heterogeneous population with different dietary habits and environmental stimuli. Herein, the correlation of dietary macro- and micro-mineral intake was evaluated with quality/quantity and oxidant/antioxidant status of seminal fluid in infertile compared to the healthy men. One hundred twenty men attending to the infertility clinic of Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan City were enrolled. Seminal fluid was extracted, and groups were categorized into the infertile (non-standard) and normal (standard) groups based on the WHO, 2020 criteria. Food frequency questionnaire was completed. Seminal malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured by ELISA kit based on the manufacture's instruction. An independent sample t-test was used to determine differences between the two groups, and linear regression model was used to determine the effect of each dietary macro/micro mineral intake on these parameters. Adjusting for all parameters, dietary selenium increased 3.7-folds the seminal TAC level (p=0.04) and decreased sperm with non-progressive motility by 2.4-folds (p=0.04). Higher manganese intake increased the sperm count by 7.8-folds (p=0.005). Dietary copper decreased sperm vitality and increased sperm with slow motility (OR= -1.7, 95% CI= -59.8, -9.9; p=0.007). Dietary zinc (OR=1.24, p=0.01) and iron (OR=1.5, p=0.02) showed a positive effect on sperm vitality. None of macro and micro minerals showed a significant effect on the seminal MDA level. Daily intake of adequate amounts of micro and macro minerals improves sperm quality and increases the antioxidant capacity of the seminal fluid; however, copper showed a negative correlation that must be evaluated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Chiti
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Elham Hosseini
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Vahid Ebrahimi
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Neda Mousavi
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Mottola F, Palmieri I, Carannante M, Barretta A, Roychoudhury S, Rocco L. Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Male Infertility: Established Methodologies and Future Perspectives. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:539. [PMID: 38790168 PMCID: PMC11121722 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Male fertility can be affected by oxidative stress (OS), which occurs when an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to neutralize them arises. OS can damage cells and influence sperm production. High levels of lipid peroxidation have been linked to reduced sperm motility and decreased fertilization ability. This literature review discusses the most commonly used biomarkers to measure sperm damage caused by ROS, such as the high level of OS in seminal plasma as an indicator of imbalance in antioxidant activity. The investigated biomarkers include 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine acid (8-OHdG), a marker of DNA damage caused by ROS, and F2 isoprostanoids (8-isoprostanes) produced by lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, this review focuses on recent methodologies including the NGS polymorphisms and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, as well as the epigenetic mechanisms linked to ROS during spermatogenesis along with new methodologies developed to evaluate OS biomarkers. Finally, this review addresses a valuable insight into the mechanisms of male infertility provided by these advances and how they have led to new treatment possibilities. Overall, the use of biomarkers to evaluate OS in male infertility has supplied innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, enhancing our understanding of male infertility mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Mottola
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.M.); (I.P.); (M.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Ilaria Palmieri
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.M.); (I.P.); (M.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Maria Carannante
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.M.); (I.P.); (M.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Angela Barretta
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.M.); (I.P.); (M.C.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Lucia Rocco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.M.); (I.P.); (M.C.); (A.B.)
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Alamo A, La Vignera S, Mogioì LM, Crafa A, Barbagallo F, Cannarella R, Aversa A, Calogero AE, Condorelli RA. In-Vitro Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid on Human Sperm Function: What Are the Clinical Consequences? J Clin Med 2024; 13:2201. [PMID: 38673474 PMCID: PMC11050799 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Lifestyle and environmental pollution harm male fertility. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are bio-accumulates in the environment as well as in several human tissues, and one of the most common PFAS is perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects of PFOA with hydrophobic and waterproofing properties on motility and bio-functional sperm parameters. Methods: To accomplish this, 50 healthy men with normozoospermia and not exposed to high doses of PFAS were enrolled. Their spermatozoa were incubated for 3 h with increasing concentrations of PFOA (0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mM) to evaluate its effects. In particular, we evaluated the effects of PFOA on total and progressive sperm motility and, by flow cytometry, on the following bio-functional sperm parameters: degree of chromatin compactness, viability, early and late apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, the degree of lipoperoxidation, and concentrations of mitochondrial superoxide anion. Results: The results showed that PFOA decreased both total and progressive sperm motility, impaired chromatin compactness, and increased sperm lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial superoxide anion levels. Conclusions: This study showed that PFOA alters several sperm parameters and thus it may play a negative role in male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Alamo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (L.M.M.); (A.C.); (F.B.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (L.M.M.); (A.C.); (F.B.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Laura M. Mogioì
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (L.M.M.); (A.C.); (F.B.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Andrea Crafa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (L.M.M.); (A.C.); (F.B.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (L.M.M.); (A.C.); (F.B.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (L.M.M.); (A.C.); (F.B.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Aldo E. Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (L.M.M.); (A.C.); (F.B.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Rosita A. Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (L.M.M.); (A.C.); (F.B.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.); (R.A.C.)
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Córdova-Oriz I, Polonio AM, Cuadrado-Torroglosa I, Chico-Sordo L, Medrano M, García-Velasco JA, Varela E. Chromosome ends and the theory of marginotomy: implications for reproduction. Biogerontology 2024; 25:227-248. [PMID: 37943366 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are the protective structures located at the ends of linear chromosomes. They were first described in the 1930s, but their biology remained unexplored until the early 70s, when Alexey M. Olovnikov, a theoretical biologist, suggested that telomeres cannot be fully copied during DNA replication. He proposed a theory that linked this phenomenon with the limit of cell proliferation capacity and the "duration of life" (theory of marginotomy), and suggested a potential of telomere lenghthening for the prevention of aging (anti-marginotomy). The impact of proliferative telomere shortening on life expectancy was later confirmed. In humans, telomere shortening is counteracted by telomerase, an enzyme that is undetectable in most adult somatic cells, but present in cancer cells and adult and embryonic stem and germ cells. Although telomere length dynamics are different in male and female gametes during gametogenesis, telomere lengths are reset at the blastocyst stage, setting the initial length of the species. The role of the telomere pathway in reproduction has been explored for years, mainly because of increased infertility resulting from delayed childbearing. Short telomere length in ovarian somatic cells is associated to decreased fertility and higher aneuploidy rates in embryos. Consequently, there is a growing interest in telomere lengthening strategies, aimed at improving fertility. It has also been observed that lifestyle factors can affect telomere length and improve fertility outcomes. In this review, we discuss the implications of telomere theory in fertility, especially in oocytes, spermatozoa, and embryos, as well as therapies to enhance reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Córdova-Oriz
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba M Polonio
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Cuadrado-Torroglosa
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucía Chico-Sordo
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Medrano
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan A García-Velasco
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical Specialties and Public Health, Edificio Departamental II, Rey Juan Carlos University, Av. de Atenas, s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Varela
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain.
- Department of Medical Specialties and Public Health, Edificio Departamental II, Rey Juan Carlos University, Av. de Atenas, s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
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Sudhakaran G, Kesavan D, Kandaswamy K, Guru A, Arockiaraj J. Unravelling the epigenetic impact: Oxidative stress and its role in male infertility-associated sperm dysfunction. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 124:108531. [PMID: 38176575 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Male infertility is a multifactorial condition influenced by epigenetic regulation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative stress-induced damage leads to epigenetic modifications, disrupting gene expression crucial for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Paternal exposure to oxidative stress induces transgenerational epigenetic alterations, potentially impacting male fertility in offspring. Mitochondrial dysfunction impairs sperm function, while leukocytospermia exacerbates oxidative stress-related sperm dysfunction. Therefore, this review focuses on understanding these mechanisms as vital for developing preventive strategies, including targeting oxidative stress-induced epigenetic changes and implementing lifestyle modifications to prevent male infertility. This study investigates how oxidative stress affects the epigenome and sperm production, function, and fertilization. Unravelling the molecular pathways provides valuable insights that can advance our scientific understanding. Additionally, these findings have clinical implications and can help to address the significant global health issue of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Sudhakaran
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Kesavan
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Kandaswamy
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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10
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Jung SJ, Kim YG, Lee SO, Chae SW. Effects of Korean Versus Western Diets on Reproductive Function in Young Korean Men: A 12-Week Randomized Parallel Clinical Trial. J Lifestyle Med 2024; 14:20-30. [PMID: 38665320 PMCID: PMC11039441 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2024.14.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies report that diet may have contributed to a 50-60% decrease in human sperm quality over the past few decades. Unhealthy lifestyles affect the structure of spermatozoa, affecting the male reproductive potential. This study aimed to compare the effects of Korean and Western diets on reproductive function in young male Koreans. Methods Study participants were provided either the Korean Diet (KD group) or the Western Diet (WD group) for 12 weeks. Semen quality parameters such as volume, motility, cell count, and sex hormone levels were evaluated. Sexual function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function and the Male Sexual Health Questionnaire. Efficacy and safety evaluations were conducted at baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Results The KD group demonstrated a significantly increased sperm motility after 8 weeks relative to baseline but decreased after 12 weeks. In contrast, sperm motility in the WD group significantly decreased after 8 weeks compared with baseline and remained constant after 12 weeks. Statistically, a near-significant difference was observed between groups (p = 0.057). Similarly, free testosterone levels in the KD group increased after 12 weeks compared with baseline, whereas that in the WD group decreased. The free testosterone levels in the KD group were significantly higher than those in the WD group (p = 0.020). There were no statistically significant differences in other sex hormone and sexual function questionnaires between the groups. None of the participants reported any severe side effects, and no significant alterations in clinical diagnostic test values were detected. Conclusion The results of the study strongly reveal that KD positively affects sperm motility and male hormone levels in young men, indicating potential benefits for reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Jung
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clincial Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gon Kim
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clincial Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ok Lee
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clincial Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clincial Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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11
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Barrea L, Verde L, Annunziata G, Camajani E, Caprio M, Sojat AS, Marina LV, Guarnotta V, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. Role of Mediterranean diet in endocrine diseases: a joint overview by the endocrinologist and the nutritionist. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:17-33. [PMID: 37697017 PMCID: PMC10776748 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review is to examine the current evidence on the potential role of Mediterranean diet (MD) in the prevention and management of endocrine disorders and to highlight the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists and nutritionists. METHODS A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies published in English. Studies were selected based on their relevance to the role of MD in the prevention and management of endocrine disorders. The search terms included "Mediterranean diet," "endocrine disorders," "thyroid disorders," "gonadal disorders," and "neuroendocrine tumors". RESULTS The studies reviewed suggest that MD may have a beneficial effect in the prevention and management of various endocrine disorders, including thyroid disorders, gonadal disorders, and neuroendocrine tumors. MD has been associated with decreased risk of nodular thyroid disease and thyroid cancer, improved male and female reproductive health, and a potential role in the management of neuroendocrine tumors. MD's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as its high levels of phytochemicals, may play a role in its beneficial effects. CONCLUSION Interdisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists and nutritionists is essential for the optimal management of endocrine disorders, including the potential role of MD in their prevention and management. While further research is needed, the current evidence suggests that MD may have a protective effect against endocrine disorders, and its incorporation into dietary recommendations may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Via Porzio, Centro Direzionale, Isola F2, 80143, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - L Verde
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Annunziata
- Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - E Camajani
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - M Caprio
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - A S Sojat
- National Centre for Infertility and Endocrinology of Gender, Clinic for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - L V Marina
- National Centre for Infertility and Endocrinology of Gender, Clinic for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - V Guarnotta
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Colao
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Muscogiuri
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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12
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Romano M, Cirillo F, Spadaro D, Busnelli A, Castellano S, Albani E, Levi-Setti PE. High sperm DNA fragmentation: do we have robust evidence to support antioxidants and testicular sperm extraction to improve fertility outcomes? a narrative review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1150951. [PMID: 37867514 PMCID: PMC10585152 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1150951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, infertility affects 10% to 15% of couples worldwide. A male factor is estimated to account for up to 50% of cases. Oral supplementation with antioxidants could be helpful to improve sperm quality by reducing oxidative damage. At the same time, there is a growing interest in the literature on the use of testicular sperm in patients with high DNA fragmentation index (DFI). This narrative review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementation of oral antioxidants in infertile men with high DFI compared to testicular sperm retrieval. The current evidence is non-conclusive because of serious risk of bias due to small sample sizes and statistical methods. Further large well-designed randomised placebo-controlled trials are still required to clarify the exact role of these to different therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Romano
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Cirillo
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Spadaro
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Busnelli
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Castellano
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Albani
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Emanuele Levi-Setti
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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13
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Traini G, Tamburrino L, Ragosta ME, Guarnieri G, Morelli A, Vignozzi L, Baldi E, Marchiani S. Effects of Benzo[a]pyrene on Human Sperm Functions: An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14411. [PMID: 37833859 PMCID: PMC10572991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is considered one of the most dangerous air pollutants for adverse health effects, including reproductive toxicity. It is found both in male and female reproductive fluids likely affecting spermatozoa after the selection process through cervical mucus, a process mimicked in vitro with the swim-up procedure. In vitro effects of BaP (1, 5, 10 µM) were evaluated both in unselected and swim-up selected spermatozoa after 3 and 24 h of incubation. BaP reduced total, progressive and hyperactivated motility and migration in a viscous medium both in swim-up selected and unselected spermatozoa. Viability was not significantly affected in swim-up selected but was reduced in unselected spermatozoa. In swim-up selected spermatozoa, increases in the percentage of spontaneous acrosome reaction and DNA fragmentation were observed after 24 h of incubation, whereas no differences between the control and BaP-treated samples were observed in caspase-3 and -7 activity, indicating no effects on apoptotic pathways. ROS species, evaluated by staining with CellROX® Orange and Dihydroethidium, did not differ in viable spermatozoa after BaP treatment. Conversely, the percentage of unviable ROS-positive spermatozoa increased. Our study suggests that BaP present in male and female genital fluids may heavily affect reproductive functions of human spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Traini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.T.); (L.V.)
| | - Lara Tamburrino
- Andrology, Women’s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Maria Emanuela Ragosta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.E.R.); (G.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Giulia Guarnieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.E.R.); (G.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Annamaria Morelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.E.R.); (G.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Linda Vignozzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.T.); (L.V.)
- Andrology, Women’s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Baldi
- Andrology, Women’s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy;
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.E.R.); (G.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Sara Marchiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.T.); (L.V.)
- Andrology, Women’s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy;
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14
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Amor H, Alkhaled Y, Bibi R, Hammadeh ME, Jankowski PM. The Impact of Heavy Smoking on Male Infertility and Its Correlation with the Expression Levels of the PTPRN2 and PGAM5 Genes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1617. [PMID: 37628668 PMCID: PMC10454138 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking has been linked to male infertility by affecting the sperm epigenome and genome. In this study, we aimed to determine possible changes in the transcript levels of PGAM5 (the phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5), PTPRN2 (protein tyrosine phosphatase, N2-type receptor), and TYRO3 (tyrosine protein kinase receptor) in heavy smokers compared to non-smokers, and to investigate their association with the fundamental sperm parameters. In total, 118 sperm samples (63 heavy-smokers (G1) and 55 non-smokers (G2)) were included in this study. A semen analysis was performed according to the WHO guidelines. After a total RNA extraction, RT-PCR was used to quantify the transcript levels of the studied genes. In G1, a significant decrease in the standard semen parameters in comparison to the non-smokers was shown (p < 0.05). Moreover, PGAM5 and PTPRN2 were differentially expressed (p ≤ 0.03 and p ≤ 0.01, respectively) and downregulated in the spermatozoa of G1 compared to G2. In contrast, no difference was observed for TYRO3 (p ≤ 0.3). In G1, the mRNA expression level of the studied genes was correlated negatively with motility, sperm count, normal form, vitality, and sperm membrane integrity (p < 0.05). Therefore, smoking may affect gene expression and male fertility by altering the DNA methylation patterns in the genes associated with fertility and sperm quality, including PGAM5, PTPRN2, and TYRO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Amor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Yaser Alkhaled
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Riffat Bibi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Mohamad Eid Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Peter Michael Jankowski
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, 66424 Homburg, Germany
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15
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Guarnieri G, Becatti M, Squecco R, Comeglio P, Garella R, Tamburrino L, Marchiani S, Vignozzi L, Vannelli GB, Maggi M, Morelli A. Effects of benzo[a]pyrene on the reproductive axis: Impairment of kisspeptin signaling in human gonadotropin-releasing hormone primary neurons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120766. [PMID: 36460192 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The neuroendocrine control of reproduction is strictly coordinated at the central level by the pulsatile release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamic GnRH neurons. Alterations of the GnRH-network, especially during development, lead to long-term reproductive and systemic consequences, also causing infertility. Recent evidence shows that benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a diffuse pollutant that can play a role as an endocrine disruptor, affects gonadal function and gamete maturation, whereas data demonstrating its impact at hypothalamic level are very scarce. This study investigated the effects of BaP (10 μM) in a primary cell culture isolated from the human fetal hypothalamus (hfHypo) and exhibiting a clear GnRH neuron phenotype. BaP significantly decreased gene and protein expression of both GnRH and kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R), the master regulator of GnRH neuron function. Moreover, BaP exposure increased phospho-ERK1/2 signaling, a well-known mechanism associated with KISS1R activation. Interestingly, BaP altered the electrophysiological membrane properties leading to a significant depolarizing effect and it also significantly increased GnRH release, with both effects being not affected by kisspeptin addition. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that BaP may alter GnRH neuron phenotype and function, mainly interfering with KISS1R signaling and GnRH secretion and therefore with crucial mechanisms implicated in the central neuroendocrine control of reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guarnieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Squecco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Comeglio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rachele Garella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lara Tamburrino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Marchiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Linda Vignozzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy; I.N.B.B. (Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mario Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy; I.N.B.B. (Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi), Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Morelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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16
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Zhou Y, Zhu K, Wang Q, Chen M, He C, Yang C, Zuo Z. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist diuron and its metabolites cause reproductive disorders in male marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135388. [PMID: 35718029 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diuron, a widely used phenylurea herbicide, has been frequently detected in marine organism and seawater all over the world. But the understanding of potential damage of diuron on reproduction in marine fish is currently not enough. Herein, marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) were continuously exposed to 0, 5, 50, 500, and 5000 ng/L diuron from embryo (0 dpf) to adult (180 dpf) stage. The results suggested that diuron had an adverse influence on male reproduction for marine medaka, including decreased gonado somatic index, histological changes of testes, decreased mobility of sperm, and reduced fecundity through disrupting the balance of sex hormone and genes expression related to hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis. The reduced fecundity was reflected in abnormal sexual behaviors, further inhibited growth and development of F1 embryo and larvae. Moreover, the proportion of diuron metabolites (DCPMU and DCPU) was increased in fish, but the proportion of diuron was decreased with the increasing of exposure concentration. Diuron, DCPMU, and DCPU was identified as aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist (AhR) agonist using in silico and in vivo models. DCPMU and DCPU induced the gene expression of AhR signaling and metabolizing enzymes (such as cyp1a1) in the livers. A great deal of major metabolites affected various organs related to HPGL axis of male marine medaka and led to serious reproductive disorders. Consequently, it reveals that long-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of diuron and even AhR agonist pesticides pose a potential ecological risk for marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Kongyang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chengyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
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17
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Escada-Rebelo S, Cristo MI, Ramalho-Santos J, Amaral S. Mitochondria-Targeted Compounds to Assess and Improve Human Sperm Function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:451-480. [PMID: 34847742 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Currently 10%-15% of couples in reproductive age face infertility issues. More importantly, male factor contributes to 50% of these cases (either alone or in combination with female causes). Among various reasons, impaired sperm function is the main cause for male infertility. Furthermore, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, particularly of mitochondrial origin, are believed to be the main contributors. Recent Advances: Mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly due to increased ROS production, has often been linked to impaired sperm function/quality. For decades, different methods and approaches have been developed to assess mitochondrial features that might correlate with sperm functionality. This connection is now completely accepted, with mitochondrial functionality assessment used more commonly as a readout of sperm functionality. More recently, mitochondria-targeted compounds are on the frontline for both assessment and therapeutic approaches. Critical Issues: In this review, we summarize the current methods for assessing key mitochondrial parameters known to reflect sperm quality as well as therapeutic strategies using mitochondria-targeted antioxidants aiming to improve sperm function in various situations, particularly after sperm cryopreservation. Future Directions: Although more systematic research is needed, mitochondria-targeted compounds definitely represent a promising tool to assess as well as to protect and improve sperm function. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 451-480.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Escada-Rebelo
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Casa Costa Alemão, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Inês Cristo
- Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Ramalho-Santos
- Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Amaral
- Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Casa Costa Alemão, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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18
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Moradi M, Moradi B, Hashemian AH, Bakhtiari M, Khazaei M, Esmaeili F, Aghaz F, Faramarzi A. Beneficial effect of L-Proline supplementation on the quality of human spermatozoa. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14486. [PMID: 35716071 DOI: 10.1111/and.14486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
L-Proline is a natural anti-oxidative and osmoprotectant agent, playing a versatile role in cell metabolism and physiology. The present study aimed to explore the antioxidant effects of L-Proline on human sperm function during incubation. Thirty healthy, normozoospermic men (27-40 years) were enrolled. Sperm samples were incubated in an unsupplemented sperm medium (control group), or supplemented with L-Proline (1, 2 and 4 mmol/L) to evaluate its effect during 0, 1, 4 and 24 h of incubation. Sperm were assessed in terms of motility, viability, morphology, chromatin and DNA integrity. Moreover, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined in the sperm medium. The results indicated that 2 mmol/L of L-Proline significantly improved the maintenance of sperm motility, viability, normal morphology, chromatin and DNA integrity, and TAC levels compared to the control group during 24 h of incubation (p < 0.05). However, 1 and 4 mmol/L of L-Proline could not significantly preserve sperm parameters, chromatin quality, and antioxidant status during different incubation times compared to the control group (p > 0.05). Collectively, the inclusion of L-Proline (2 mmol/L) in the human sperm medium maintains sperm parameters and chromatin quality probably by modulating the oxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Moradi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bahareh Moradi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Hashemian
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Bakhtiari
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Esmaeili
- Infertility Treatment Research Center, Moatazedi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Faranak Aghaz
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Azita Faramarzi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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19
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Montano L, Maugeri A, Volpe MG, Micali S, Mirone V, Mantovani A, Navarra M, Piscopo M. Mediterranean Diet as a Shield against Male Infertility and Cancer Risk Induced by Environmental Pollutants: A Focus on Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031568. [PMID: 35163492 PMCID: PMC8836239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of environmental factors in influencing health status is well documented. Heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, pesticides, ultrafine particles, produced by human activities put a strain on the body’s entire defense system. Therefore, together with public health measures, evidence-based individual resilience measures are necessary to mitigate cancer risk under environmental stress and to prevent reproductive dysfunction and non-communicable diseases; this is especially relevant for workers occupationally exposed to pollutants and/or populations residing in highly polluted areas. The Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high intake of fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids, that can promote the elimination of pollutants in tissues and fluids and/or mitigate their effects through different mechanisms. In this review, we collected evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies showing that the impairment of male fertility and gonadal development, as well as cancers of reproductive system, due to the exposure of organic and inorganic pollutants, may be counteracted by flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL), 84124 Salerno, Italy;
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Volpe
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, CNR, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Micali
- Urology Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Food, Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary public health, Italian National Health Institute, 00161 Roma, Italy;
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
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20
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Obesity and Male Reproduction: Do Sirtuins Play a Role? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020973. [PMID: 35055159 PMCID: PMC8779691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major current public health problem of global significance. A progressive sperm quality decline, and a decline in male fertility, have been reported in recent decades. Several studies have reported a strict relationship between obesity and male reproductive dysfunction. Among the many mechanisms by which obesity impairs male gonadal function, sirtuins (SIRTs) have an emerging role. SIRTs are highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases that play a role in gene regulation, metabolism, aging, and cancer. SIRTs regulate the energy balance, the lipid balance, glucose metabolism, and adipogenesis, but current evidence also indicates a role for SIRTs in male reproduction. However, the majority of the studies have been conducted in animal models and very few have been conducted with humans. This review shows that SIRTs play an important role among the molecular mechanisms by which obesity interferes with male fertility. This highlights the need to deepen this relationship. It will be of particular interest to evaluate whether synthetic and/or natural compounds capable of modifying the activity of SIRTs may also be useful for the treatment of obesity and its effects on gonadal function. Although few studies have explored the role of SIRT activators in obesity-induced male infertility, some molecules, such as resveratrol, appear to be effective in modulating SIRT activity, as well as counteracting the negative effects of obesity on male fertility. The search for strategies to improve male reproductive function in overweight/obese patients is a challenge and understanding the role of SIRTs and their activators may open new interesting scenarios in the coming years.
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21
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Alesci A, Nicosia N, Fumia A, Giorgianni F, Santini A, Cicero N. Resveratrol and Immune Cells: A Link to Improve Human Health. Molecules 2022; 27:424. [PMID: 35056739 PMCID: PMC8778251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of polyphenols as adjuvants in lowering risk factors for various debilitating diseases has been investigated in recent years due to their possible antioxidant action. Polyphenols represent a fascinating and relatively new subject of research in nutraceuticals and nutrition, with interest rapidly expanding since they can help maintain health by controlling metabolism, weight, chronic diseases, and cell proliferation. Resveratrol is a phenolic compound found mostly in the pulp, peels, seeds, and stems of red grapes. It has a wide variety of biological actions that can be used to prevent the beginning of various diseases or manage their symptoms. Resveratrol can influence multiple inflammatory and non-inflammatory responses, protecting organs and tissues, thanks to its interaction with immune cells and its activity on SIRT1. This compound has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anticancer, and antiviral properties, making it a potential adjunct to traditional pharmaceutical therapy in public health. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of resveratrol in terms of active biological effects and mechanism of action in modifying the immune cellular response to promote human psychophysical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alesci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (N.N.)
| | - Noemi Nicosia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (N.N.)
- Foundation “Prof. Antonio Imbesi”, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Angelo Fumia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Padiglione C, A. O. U. Policlinico “G. Martino”, Viale Gazzi, 98147 Messina, Italy;
| | - Federica Giorgianni
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.G.); (N.C.)
- Science4life Spin-off Company, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Consorzio di Ricerca sul Rischio Biologico in Agricoltura (Co.Ri.Bi.A), 90129 Palermo, Italy
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22
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Reshi MS, Mustafa RA, Javaid D, Haque S. Pesticide Toxicity Associated with Infertility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:59-69. [PMID: 36472816 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides have benefited mankind in many ways like agriculture, industrial and health sectors. On the other hand, conversely their deleterious effects in both, humans and animals are also alarming. Pesticides including organophosphates, organochlorines, carbamates, pyrethrins and pyrethroids are found sufficiently in the environment resulting in everyday human exposure. This is of a huge concern because most of the pesticides are known to target all the physiological functions of both humans and animals. Indeed, reproduction, being one of the most important physiological processes, that is affected by the daily exposure to pesticides and leading to infertility issues. The present study summarizes the exposure of men and women to certain pesticides resulting in different infertility concerns like sperm abnormalities, decreased fertility, abnormal sperm count and motility, testicular atrophy, ovarian dysfunction, spontaneous abortions, disruption of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, etc. So, this article will be helpful in perceiving the mechanism of reproductive toxicity of different pesticides and their management before any alarm of danger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Salim Reshi
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rashaid Ali Mustafa
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Darakhshan Javaid
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
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23
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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Relationship between Obesity and Male Infertility. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120840. [PMID: 34940598 PMCID: PMC8706114 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the worldwide prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically and is currently estimated to be around 20%. Obesity is linked to an increased risk of comorbidities and premature mortality. Several studies have shown that obesity negatively impacts male fertility through various mechanisms. This review aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms through which obesity impairs male reproduction, including obesity-associated hypogonadism and its effects on spermatogenesis, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Obesity negatively impacts both conventional and biofunctional sperm parameters, and it also induces epigenetic changes that can be transferred to offspring. Moreover, obesity-related diseases are linked to a dysregulation of adipocyte function and micro-environmental inflammatory processes. The dysregulated adipokines significantly influence insulin signaling, and they may also have a detrimental effect on testicular function. Sirtuins can also play an important role in inflammatory and metabolic responses in obese patients. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that are involved in obesity-induced male infertility could increase our ability to identify novel targets for the prevention and treatment of obesity and its related consequences.
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24
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Tvrdá E, Benko F, Slanina T, du Plessis SS. The Role of Selected Natural Biomolecules in Sperm Production and Functionality. Molecules 2021; 26:5196. [PMID: 34500629 PMCID: PMC8434568 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence from in vivo as well as in vitro studies indicates that natural biomolecules may play important roles in the prevention or management of a wide array of chronic diseases. Furthermore, the use of natural compounds in the treatment of male sub- or infertility has been proposed as a potential alternative to conventional therapeutic options. As such, we aimed to evaluate the effects of selected natural biomolecules on the sperm production, structural integrity, and functional activity. At the same time, we reviewed their possible beneficial or adverse effects on male reproductive health. Using relevant keywords, a literature search was performed to collect currently available information regarding molecular mechanisms by which selected natural biomolecules exhibit their biological effects in the context of male reproductive dysfunction. Evidence gathered from clinical trials, in vitro experiments and in vivo studies suggest that the selected natural compounds affect key targets related to sperm mitochondrial metabolism and motion behavior, oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA integrity and cell death. The majority of reports emphasize on ameliorative, stimulating and protective effects of natural biomolecules on the sperm function. Nevertheless, possible adverse and toxic behavior of natural compounds has been indicated as well, pointing out to a possible dose-dependent impact of natural biomolecules on the sperm survival and functionality. As such, further research leading to a deeper understanding of the beneficial or adverse roles of natural compounds is necessary before these can be employed for the management of male reproductive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tvrdá
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Filip Benko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Stefan S. du Plessis
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates;
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25
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Calogero AE, Fiore M, Giacone F, Altomare M, Asero P, Ledda C, Romeo G, Mongioì LM, Copat C, Giuffrida M, Vicari E, Sciacca S, Ferrante M. Exposure to multiple metals/metalloids and human semen quality: A cross-sectional study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112165. [PMID: 33773149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to metals/metalloids, including essential and nonessential elements, has been associated to male reproductive health in animals. However, findings from human studies are inconsistent. OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of exposure to multiple metals/metalloids at environmental levels on the conventional human semen-quality parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Men living in rural or industrial areas were recruited by personalized letters. No exclusion criteria were applied. Each man provided one semen sample and one blood sample. We analyzed the semen sample both to determine conventional sperm parameters (concentration, progressive motility and normal forms) and to quantify lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V) and selenium (Se) levels. The levels of these metals/metalloids were also quantified in venous blood and spermatozoa samples. Associations between the blood/seminal plasma metal/metalloid levels and semen quality parameters were assessed using confounder adjusted logistic regression models. Correlation and interactions between blood/seminal plasma and semen metal/metalloid levels were investigated using the Spearman's correlation. RESULTS We found a positive association of seminal plasma cadmium level with lower Total count (OR = 4.48, 95%CI 0.25-80); whereas lead (OR = 4.51, 95%CI 0.86-23) and cadmium (OR = 3.45, 95%CI 0.77-16) seminal plasma levels had a positive association with progressive sperm motility. Overall, these associations remained suggestive after adjustment, though statistically unstable risks. Finally, we found weak interactions between beneficial effects of Se and detrimental ones only for Cd and Pb blood level on sperm concentration, total sperm count and progressive sperm motility. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that environmental exposure to Pb and Cd contributes to a decline in human semen quality, whereas Se can have beneficial effects. Measurements of metals/metalloids in the seminal fluid may be more predictable of semen quality than conventional blood measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo E Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Filippo Giacone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Altomare
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Asero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulietta Romeo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Laura M Mongioì
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Copat
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Giuffrida
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Enzo Vicari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- Cancer Registry of Catania, Messina, Syracuse and Enna, Via Santa Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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26
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Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid on Human Sperm: In Vitro Studies and Frozen-Thawed Protocol. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050744. [PMID: 34067222 PMCID: PMC8150895 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The study evaluated the chlorogenic acid (CGA) antioxidant potential on oxidative stress (OS) induced in vitro in human spermatozoa and during cryopreservation procedure. Swim-up selected spermatozoa were treated with 100 µM CGA, 100 µM H2O2 to induce lipid peroxidation (LPO), and with both compounds and the effects on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by JC-1, DNA integrity by acridine orange (AO), and sperm ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were evaluated. CGA antioxidant activity was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) in the media. The CGA protective activity and the immunolocalization of Phospho-AMPKα (Thr172) were explored in frozen-thawed sperm. CGA was not toxic for sperm motility, DNA integrity and MMP. The increase in MDA (p < 0.05) and F2-IsoPs (p < 0.001), DNA damage (p < 0.01) and low MMP (p < 0.01) levels after H2O2 treatment were reduced in presence of CGA as well as the percentage of broken plasma membranes (p < 0.01) and altered acrosomes (p < 0.01) detected by TEM. Treated frozen-thawed spermatozoa showed increased sperm motility (p < 0.01), DNA integrity (p < 0.01), MMP (p < 0.01), reduced MDA (p < 0.01) and increased sperm percentage with Phospho-AMPKα labelling in the head (p < 0.001). CGA can be used to supplement culture media during semen handling and cryopreservation where OS is exacerbated.
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27
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Bang S, Qamar AY, Tanga BM, Fang X, Cho J. Resveratrol supplementation into extender protects against cryodamage in dog post-thaw sperm. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:973-980. [PMID: 33896876 PMCID: PMC8267189 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants have multiple protective roles in a variety of cells and thus can be used to
protect sperm against cryo-damage during freezing, which affects fertility. The
antioxidant resveratrol (3,5,4-trihydroxytrans-stilbene; RSV) has been reported to protect
the animal sperm during cryopreservation, including human sperm. In this study, we
assessed the protective effects of RSV supplementation on dog sperm cryopreservation.
Semen was collected from four dogs and the effect of different concentrations of RSV (0,
100, 200, and 400 µM) on post-thaw sperm quality was examined. After thawing, sperm
motility was assessed using computer-aided sperm analysis, and the structural integrity of
the plasma membrane, acrosome, and chromatin was examined. In addition, their
mitochondrial activity and gene expression were also assessed. Dog sperm cryopreserved
with 200 µM RSV showed significant improvement in post-thaw sperm motility and viability
compared with that of the control group (P<0.05). Moreover,
RSV-supplemented samples showed significantly higher numbers of sperm with an intact
plasma membrane, active mitochondria, and structural integrity of acrosomes and chromatin
than that of control samples (P<0.05). Furthermore, gene expression
showed that RSV supplemented samples showed lower expression of pro-apoptotic
(BAX), reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulator oxidative stress-related
(ROMO1) and 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1)
whereas higher expression levels of anti‐apoptotic (BCL2), protamine-2
(PRM2), protamine-3 (PRM3) and sperm
acrosome‐associated 3 (SPACA3) genes than control. Our results suggest
that RSV, at its optimum concentration, can be efficiently used as an antioxidant in the
cryopreservation of dog sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonggyu Bang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmad Yar Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub-campus, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang 35200, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bereket Molla Tanga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, 05 Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Xun Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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28
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The Role of Resveratrol in Human Male Fertility. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092495. [PMID: 33923359 PMCID: PMC8123193 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) (3,4′,5 trihydroxystilbene) is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenol widely present in the Mediterranean diet. In particular, RSV is found in grapes, peanuts, berries, and red wine. Many beneficial effects of this molecule on human health have been reported. In fact, it improves some clinical aspects of various diseases, such as obesity, tumors, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus. However, little is known about the relationship between this compound and male fertility and the few available results are often controversial. Therefore, this review evaluated the effects of RSV on human male fertility and the mechanisms through which this polyphenol could act on human spermatozoa.
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29
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Mongioì LM, La Vignera S, Cannarella R, Cimino L, Compagnone M, Condorelli RA, Calogero AE. The Role of Resveratrol Administration in Human Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094362. [PMID: 33921991 PMCID: PMC8122246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a widespread disease that is associated with numerous and serious comorbidities. These include metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular-cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, cancer, and sexual and hormonal disorders. The treatment of obesity has therefore become a goal of great clinical and social relevance. Among the therapeutic strategies against obesity, resveratrol has aroused great interest. This polyphenol has anticancer and antioxidant properties and cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Other favorable effects attributed to resveratrol are anti-lipid, anti-aging, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and neuroprotective actions. Administration of resveratrol appears to improve the metabolic profile in obese and/or insulin-resistant patients. This article aims to review the main results of clinical studies evaluating the effects of administering resveratrol alone in overweight/obese patients.
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30
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Meccariello R, D’Angelo S. Impact of Polyphenolic-Food on Longevity: An Elixir of Life. An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:507. [PMID: 33805092 PMCID: PMC8064059 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging and, particularly, the onset of age-related diseases are associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some of which can be attributed to accumulation of oxidative damage. Recently, growing interest has emerged on the beneficial effects of plant-based diets for the prevention of chronic diseases including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Several studies collectively suggests that the intake of polyphenols and their major food sources may exert beneficial effects on improving insulin resistance and related diabetes risk factors, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. They are the most abundant antioxidants in the diet, and their intake has been associated with a reduced aging in humans. Polyphenolic intake has been shown to be effective at ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, impaired proteostasis, and cellular senescence, both in vitro and in vivo. In this paper, effects of these phytochemicals (either pure forms or polyphenolic-food) are reviewed and summarized according to affected cellular signaling pathways. Finally, the effectiveness of the anti-aging preventive action of nutritional interventions based on diets rich in polyphenolic food, such as the diets of the Blue zones, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefania D’Angelo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy;
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31
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Microplastics: A Threat for Male Fertility. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052392. [PMID: 33804513 PMCID: PMC7967748 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Much of the planet is swimming in discarded plastic, which is harming animal and possibly human health. Once at sea, sunlight, wind, and wave action break down plastic waste into small particles: the microplastics (MPs). Currently, particular attention has been drawn to their effects on aquatic environments but the health risks, especially in mammals, are poorly known. These non-biodegradable materials can act as a vector for environmental pollutants, can be ingested by humans in food and water, and can enter and accumulate in human tissues with a possible risk for heath. Recent studies revealed the deleterious effects of MPs exposure in male reproduction and sperm quality, making them a potential hazard to reproductive success. This manuscript summarizes the main changes in sperm quality along the lifespan and the upcoming studies on the effects of MPs in male fertility in mammals.
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Cotena M, Auffan M, Tassistro V, Resseguier N, Rose J, Perrin J. In Vitro Co-Exposure to CeO 2 Nanomaterials from Diesel Engine Exhaust and Benzo( a)Pyrene Induces Additive DNA Damage in Sperm and Cumulus Cells but Not in Oocytes. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020478. [PMID: 33668575 PMCID: PMC7918929 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a recognized reprotoxic compound and the most widely investigated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in ambient air; it is widespread by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels along with cerium dioxide nanomaterials (CeO2 NMs), which are used in nano-based diesel additives to decrease the emission of toxic compounds and to increase fuel economy. The toxicity of CeO2 NMs on reproductive organs and cells has also been shown. However, the effect of the combined interactions of BaP and CeO2 NMs on reproduction has not been investigated. Herein, human and rat gametes were exposed in vitro to combusted CeO2 NMs or BaP or CeO2 NMs and BaP in combination. CeO2 NMs were burned at 850 °C prior to mimicking their release after combustion in a diesel engine. We demonstrated significantly higher amounts of DNA damage after exposure to combusted CeO2 NMs (1 µg·L-1) or BaP (1.13 µmol·L-1) in all cell types considered compared to unexposed cells. Co-exposure to the CeO2 NMs-BaP mixture induced additive DNA damage in sperm and cumulus cells, whereas no additive effect was observed in rat oocytes. This result could be related to the structural protection of the oocyte by cumulus cells and to the oocyte's efficient system to repair DNA damage compared to that of cumulus and sperm cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cotena
- IMBE, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Aix Marseille Univ., 13005 Marseille, France; (M.C.); (V.T.)
- CEREGE, CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, INRAE, Coll France, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France; (M.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Mélanie Auffan
- CEREGE, CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, INRAE, Coll France, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France; (M.A.); (J.R.)
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Virginie Tassistro
- IMBE, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Aix Marseille Univ., 13005 Marseille, France; (M.C.); (V.T.)
| | - Noémie Resseguier
- Department of Biostatistics and Public Health, La Timone Hospital, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Jérôme Rose
- CEREGE, CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, INRAE, Coll France, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France; (M.A.); (J.R.)
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jeanne Perrin
- IMBE, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Aix Marseille Univ., 13005 Marseille, France; (M.C.); (V.T.)
- Laboratory of Reproduction Biology-CECOS, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HM La Conception, Pôle Femmes Parents Enfants, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence:
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Ferrigno A, Ruvolo G, Capra G, Serra N, Bosco L. Correlation between the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and sperm morphology of infertile patients. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:979-986. [PMID: 33532883 PMCID: PMC8079535 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02080-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the correlation between the DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) and sperm morphology in patients undergoing ICSI, as a predictive parameter in reproductive outcomes. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 125 infertile patients enrolled in a fertility clinic. Seminal characteristics were measured following the WHO guidelines (2010) for the examination of the seminal fluid. After collecting motile sperm population by pellet swim up, DFI was calculated and simultaneously associated with sperm morphology using in situ TUNEL assay and an image analyzer software in at least 250 spermatozoa for each patient. Results All subjects were divided into two groups according to a cutoff established, by choice, of the sperm DFI (15%): group A (< 15%) consisting of 65 patients and group B (≥ 15%) of 60 patients. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods. The results demonstrate that there is no statistical difference between the two groups in seminal characteristics. The collective data show a high significant correlation, suggesting that spermatozoa with abnormal morphology are the best candidates to contain DNA damage (p < 0.001). Also, when group A is compared with group B, an increased percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa with fragmented DNA was observed in patients, with DFI values ≥ 15% (p < 0.001). Conclusion These results are aimed at providing an exact value of DFI in morphologically normal spermatozoa, which will be helpful to the embryologist in evaluating the risk of transferring, during the ICSI procedure, a spermatozoon whit normal morphology but fragmented DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ferrigno
- Department of Sciences for Department of Biological, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed.16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ruvolo
- Centro di Biologia della Riproduzione, Via Villareale 54, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Capra
- Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care 'G. D'Alessandro' (PROSAMI), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Serra
- Biostatistics Unit - Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, via S. Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Liana Bosco
- Department of Sciences for Department of Biological, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed.16, 90128, Palermo, Italy. .,Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133, Palermo, Italy.
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Pizzol D, Foresta C, Garolla A, Demurtas J, Trott M, Bertoldo A, Smith L. Pollutants and sperm quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:4095-4103. [PMID: 33196997 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Male fertility and semen quality have declined over recent decades. Among other causes, exposure to environmental and occupational pollution has been linked to adverse reproductive outcomes, but effects on male semen quality are still uncertain. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess current evidence regarding the impact of exposure to tobacco smoke and environmental and occupational pollution on sperm quality in humans. In the meta-analysis, 22 studies are included showing that environmental and occupational pollutants may affect sperm count, volume, concentration, motility, vitality and sperm DNA, and chromatin integrity. All included articles reported significant alterations in at least one of the outcomes studied in association with at least one of the pollutants studied. Considering that sperm quality can be considered a proxy for general health and that pollutants have a dramatic impact on climate change, it would be strongly recommended to better understand the role of pollutants on human, animal, and planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Pizzol
- Italian Agency for Development Cooperation, 33 Street, Amarat, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Carlo Foresta
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Garolla
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Jacopo Demurtas
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mike Trott
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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Resveratrol-Based Multivitamin Supplement Increases Sperm Concentration and Motility in Idiopathic Male Infertility: A Pilot Clinical Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9124017. [PMID: 33322606 PMCID: PMC7763587 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. It is known that a multitude of factors may lead to male factor infertility, but still, in the majority of cases, the cause remains largely idiopathic, reflecting poor understanding of the basic process of spermatogenesis and the mechanisms involved. Resveratrol is a polyphenol compound that displays several cellular aspects mainly associated with SIRT1-pathway activation and promotion of mitochondrial enhancer activities. In several animal models, resveratrol has shown positive effects on mitochondria and membrane potential. This could explain effects on sperm concentration and motility. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects on the semen parameters of GENANTE®, a multivitamin supplement containing 150 mg of resveratrol/day, in patients with idiopathic infertility. Methods. This was a prospective single center clinical study. Twenty patients took a multivitamin supplement based on 150 mg of resveratrol (GENANTE®), in the form of an oral tablet every 12 h, and were followed up at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Pre- and post-treatment evaluation included history, clinical examination, semen analysis, hormonal determinations, and scrotal and prostatic ultrasound. Results. Our preliminary pilot study demonstrated that the multivitamin supplement based on resveratrol improves sperm motility (48.3% ± 13.8 vs. 59.0% ± 12.8, p = 0.0001) and concentration (22.6 × 106/mL ± 9.5 vs. 25.7 × 106/mL ± 8.1, p = 0.0001) after 3 and 6 months of treatment in men with idiopathic infertility. Conclusion. Our data suggest that targeting the metabolic and energetic pathways involved in spermatogenesis and mitochondrial activity could lead to potential effects and counteract subfertility/infertility in men through a mitochondria dynamics mechanism. Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov registration identifier: NCT03864198, registered on 1 January 2019.
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Milesi MM, Durando M, Lorenz V, Gastiazoro MP, Varayoud J. Postnatal exposure to endosulfan affects uterine development and fertility. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 511:110855. [PMID: 32437785 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endosulfan is an organochlorine pesticide (OCP) used in large-scale agriculture for controlling a variety of insects and mites that attack food and non-food crops. Although endosulfan has been listed in the Stockholm Convention as a persistent organic pollutant to be worldwide banned, it is still in use in some countries. Like other OCPs, endosulfan is bioaccumulative, toxic and persistent in the environment. Human unintentional exposure may occur through air inhalation, dietary, skin contact, as well as, via transplacental route and breast feeding. Due to its lipophilic nature, endosulfan is rapidly absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract and bioaccumulates in the fatty tissues. Similar to other OCPs, endosulfan has been classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC). Endocrine action of endosulfan on development and reproductive function of males has been extensively discussed; however, endosulfan effects on the female reproductive tract have received less attention. This review provides an overview of: i) the fate and levels of endosulfan in the environment and human population, ii) the potential estrogenic properties of endosulfan in vitro and in vivo, iii) its effects on uterine development, and iv) the long-term effects on female fertility and uterine functional differentiation during early gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Milesi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Casilla de Correo 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - M Durando
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Casilla de Correo 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - V Lorenz
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Casilla de Correo 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M P Gastiazoro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Casilla de Correo 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - J Varayoud
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Casilla de Correo 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
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Diet and Nutritional Factors in Male (In)fertility-Underestimated Factors. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051400. [PMID: 32397485 PMCID: PMC7291266 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In up to 50% of cases, infertility issues stem solely from the male. According to some data, the quality of human semen has deteriorated by 50%–60% over the last 40 years. A high-fat diet and obesity, resulting from an unhealthy lifestyle, affects the structure of spermatozoa, but also the development of offspring and their health in later stages of life. In obese individuals, disorders on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis are observed, as well as elevated oestrogen levels with a simultaneous decrease in testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Healthy dietary models clearly correlate with better sperm quality and a smaller risk of abnormalities in parameters such as sperm count, sperm concentration and motility, and lower sperm DNA fragmentation. Apart from mineral components such as zinc and selenium, the role of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidant vitamins should be emphasized, since their action will be primarily based on the minimization of oxidative stress and the inflammation process. Additionally, the incorporation of carnitine supplements and coenzyme Q10 in therapeutic interventions also seems promising. Therefore, it is advisable to have a varied and balanced diet based on vegetables and fruit, fish and seafood, nuts, seeds, whole-grain products, poultry, and low-fat dairy products.
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Condorelli RA, La Vignera S, Barbagallo F, Alamo A, Mongioì LM, Cannarella R, Aversa A, Calogero AE. Bio-Functional Sperm Parameters: Does Age Matter? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:558374. [PMID: 33362711 PMCID: PMC7761869 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.558374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of biofunctional sperm parameters can explain some cases of idiopathic male infertility. Among these, sperm DNA fragmentation (fDNA) is the most studied biofunctional sperm parameter. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) correlates positively with sperm motility, the evaluation of sperm apoptosis by flow cytometry allows us to identify a population of spermatozoa not recognizable at the optical microscopy and finally, lipid peroxidation (LP) and mitochondrial superoxide levels measurements are rational oxidative stress indices. Male age seems to affect sperm concentration and sperm fDNA. For these reasons, this study was undertaken to evaluate the correlation, if any, between male age and biofunctional sperm parameters evaluating their possible impact on fDNA. To accomplish this, MMP, degree of chromatin compactness, sperm apoptosis/vitality, fDNA, LP, and mitochondrial superoxide levels were evaluated by flow cytometry in a cohort of 874 men. A significant negative correlation was found between age and the percentage of alive spermatozoa (r = -0.75, p < 0.05). The percentage of spermatozoa with low MMP (L-MMP) correlated positively with the percentage of spermatozoa with abnormal chromatin compactness (r = 0.24, p < 0.05). Spermatozoa with abnormal chromatin compactness and L-MMP correlated negatively with the percentage of alive spermatozoa (r = 0.83, p < 0.05) and positively with spermatozoa with PS externalization (r = 0.13, p < 0.01). The percentage of alive spermatozoa correlated negatively with both the percentage of spermatozoa with PS externalization (r = 0.24, p < 0.01) and of the spermatozoa with fDNA (r = 0.10, p < 0.05). Spermatozoa with PS externalization correlated positively with the percentage of spermatozoa with fDNA (r = 0.09, p < 0.05). Spermatozoa with LP correlated positively with the percentage of spermatozoa with increased mitochondrial superoxide (r = 0.11, p < 0.01) In conclusion, these findings in a large number of men suggest that age, mitochondrial damage, and alteration of chromatin compactness could activate the apoptotic cascade which could result in an increased fDNA rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita A. Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- *Correspondence: Sandro La Vignera,
| | - Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Alamo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Laura M. Mongioì
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Aldo E. Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Antioxidant Effect of the Castanea sativa Mill. Leaf Extract on Oxidative Stress Induced upon Human Spermatozoa. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8926075. [PMID: 31934271 PMCID: PMC6942883 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8926075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at evaluating in vitro the effects of a 75% v/v ethanolic extract of leaves of Castanea sativa Mill. (var. Bastarda Rossa, Mount Amiata, Tuscany, Italy) on ejaculated human sperm. Total polyphenols and total flavonoids contained in the extract were determined by a colorimetric assay and HPLC-DAD. The DPPH test and electrochemistry were utilized to study the antioxidant activity of the extract. Swim-up-selected sperm from 8 healthy men were treated with the C. sativa leaf extract at different dilutions (1 : 100, 1 : 200, and 1 : 500), and sperm motility was assessed following the WHO guidelines. Swim-up-selected spermatozoa were incubated with 100 μM H2O2 to induce lipid peroxidation (LPO) and with H2O2 and the leaf extract (1 : 100, 1 : 200, and 1 : 500) to test the antioxidant activity of the extract. The levels of LPO were determined by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. The treated samples were also analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for ultrastructural evaluation. The chemical analysis showed that one-third ca. of the polyphenols in the C. sativa extract were made up of flavonoids, with hyperoside present in high concentration. A good antioxidant activity was demonstrated by both the DPPH test and electrochemical analysis. The C. sativa leaf extract did not decrease sperm motility at all tested dilutions. Treatment with H2O2 alone caused a significant increment in MDA levels (P = 0.006993), while the treatment with H2O2 plus C. sativa extract diluted to 1 : 100 and 1 : 200 significantly reduced MDA levels (P = 0.01476 and P = 0.01571, respectively), with respect to H2O2 alone. TEM analysis confirmed the protective effect of the extract on damage induced by LPO, in particular that occurring at the plasma membrane level. The C. sativa leaf extract could be used in human and farm animal protocols for gamete handling, such as techniques of assisted reproduction and cryopreservation of semen, all conditions in which oxidative stress is exacerbated.
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