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Barbosa Spinola CM, Boutet de Monvel J, Safieddine S, Lahlou G, Etournay R. In utero adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene delivery targeting sensory and supporting cells in the embryonic mouse inner ear. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305742. [PMID: 39028743 PMCID: PMC11259301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In vivo gene delivery to tissues using adeno-associated vector (AAVs) has revolutionized the field of gene therapy. Yet, while sensorineural hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disorders worldwide, gene therapy applied to the human inner ear is still in its infancy. Recent advances in the development recombinant AAVs have significantly improved their cell tropism and transduction efficiency across diverse inner ear cell types to a level that renders this tool valuable for conditionally manipulating gene expression in the context of developmental biology studies of the mouse inner ear. Here, we describe a protocol for in utero micro-injection of AAVs into the embryonic inner ear, using the AAV-PHP.eB and AAV-DJ serotypes that respectively target the sensory hair cells and the supporting cells of the auditory sensory epithelium. We also aimed to standardize procedures for imaging acquisition and image analysis to foster research reproducibility and allow accurate comparisons between studies. We find that AAV-PHP.eB and AAV-DJ provide efficient and reliable tools for conditional gene expression targeting cochlear sensory and supporting cells in the mouse inner ear, from late embryonic stages on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Maria Barbosa Spinola
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, AP-HP, Inserm, Fondation pour l’Audition, Institut de l’Audition, IHU reConnect, F-75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Boutet de Monvel
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, AP-HP, Inserm, Fondation pour l’Audition, Institut de l’Audition, IHU reConnect, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Saaid Safieddine
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, AP-HP, Inserm, Fondation pour l’Audition, Institut de l’Audition, IHU reConnect, F-75012 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Ghizlène Lahlou
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, AP-HP, Inserm, Fondation pour l’Audition, Institut de l’Audition, IHU reConnect, F-75012 Paris, France
- APHP Sorbonne Université, Département d’Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie, Unité Fonctionnelle Implants Auditifs,Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Etournay
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, AP-HP, Inserm, Fondation pour l’Audition, Institut de l’Audition, IHU reConnect, F-75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
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2
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Zhang J, Liu L, Shen R, Lou X. Construction of organ of Corti organoid to study the effects of berberine sulfate on damaged auditory cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35439. [PMID: 38923766 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is mainly caused by injury or loss of hair cells (HCs) and associated spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the inner ear. At present, there is still no effective treatment for SNHL in clinic. Recently, advances in organoid bring a promising prospect for research and treatment of SNHL. Meanwhile, three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a tremendous opportunity to construct versatile organoids for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this study, gelatin (Gel), sodium alginate (SA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used to fabricate biomimetic scaffold through 3D printing. The organ of Corti derived from neonatal mice inner ear was seeded on the PVA/Gel/SA scaffold to construct organ of Corti organoid. Then, the organ of Corti organoid was used to study the potential protective effects of berberine sulfate on neomycin-juried auditory HCs and SGNs. The results showed that the PVA/Gel/SA biomimetic 3D scaffolds had good cytocompatibilities and mechanical properties. The constructed organoid could maintain organ of Corti activity well in vitro. In addition, the injury intervention results showed that berberine sulfate could significantly inhibit neomycin-induced HC and SGN damage. This study suggests that the fabricated organoid is highly biomimetic to the organ of Corti, which may provide an effective model for drug development, cell and gene therapy for SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Yueyang Hosptial of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangxin Lou
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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3
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Xiong H, Zhang P, Wang D, Zhou Z, Sun J, Diao M. A silk-based hydrogel containing dexamethasone and lipoic acid microcrystals for local delivery to the inner ear. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 237:113855. [PMID: 38513298 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Local drug delivery has been exploited recently to treat hearing loss, as this method can both bypass the blood-labyrinth barrier and provide sustained drug release. Combined drug microcrystals (MCs) offer additional advantages for sensorineural hearing loss treatment via intratympanic (IT) injection due to their shape effect and combination strategy. In this study, to endow viscous effects of hydrogels, nonspherical dexamethasone (DEX) and lipoic acid (LA) MCs were incorporated into silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels, which were subsequently administered to the tympanic cavity to investigate their pharmaceutical properties. First, we prepared DEX and LA MCs by a traditional precipitation technique followed by SF hydrogel incorporation (SF+DEX+LA). After characterization of the physicochemical features, including morphology, rheology, and dissolution, both a suspension of combined DEX and LA MCs (DEX+LA) and SF+DEX+LA were administered to guinea pigs by IT injection, after which the pharmacokinetics, biodegradation and biocompatibility were evaluated. To our surprise, compared to the DEX+LA group, the pharmacokinetics of the SF+DEX+LA hydrogel group did not improve significantly, which may be ascribed to their nonspherical shape and deposition effects of the drugs MCs. The cochlear tissue in each group displayed good morphology, with no obvious inflammatory reactions. This combined MC suspension has the clear advantages of no vehicle, easy scale-up preparation, and good biocompatibility and outcomes, which paves the way for practical treatment of hearing loss via local drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peili Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dongcheng Wang
- Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhimin Zhou
- Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Mingfang Diao
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 100048, China.
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4
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Shah JJ, Jimenez-Jaramillo CA, Lybrand ZR, Yuan TT, Erbele ID. Modern In Vitro Techniques for Modeling Hearing Loss. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:425. [PMID: 38790292 PMCID: PMC11118046 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a prevalent and growing global health concern, especially within operational medicine, with limited therapeutic options available. This review article explores the emerging field of in vitro otic organoids as a promising platform for modeling hearing loss and developing novel therapeutic strategies. SNHL primarily results from the irreversible loss or dysfunction of cochlear mechanosensory hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), emphasizing the need for innovative solutions. Current interventions offer symptomatic relief but do not address the root causes. Otic organoids, three-dimensional multicellular constructs that mimic the inner ear's architecture, have shown immense potential in several critical areas. They enable the testing of gene therapies, drug discovery for sensory cell regeneration, and the study of inner ear development and pathology. Unlike traditional animal models, otic organoids closely replicate human inner ear pathophysiology, making them invaluable for translational research. This review discusses methodological advances in otic organoid generation, emphasizing the use of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to replicate inner ear development. Cellular and molecular characterization efforts have identified key markers and pathways essential for otic organoid development, shedding light on their potential in modeling inner ear disorders. Technological innovations, such as 3D bioprinting and microfluidics, have further enhanced the fidelity of these models. Despite challenges and limitations, including the need for standardized protocols and ethical considerations, otic organoids offer a transformative approach to understanding and treating auditory dysfunctions. As this field matures, it holds the potential to revolutionize the treatment landscape for hearing and balance disorders, moving us closer to personalized medicine for inner ear conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J. Shah
- Department of Pathology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA;
| | - Couger A. Jimenez-Jaramillo
- Department of Pathology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA;
| | - Zane R. Lybrand
- Division of Biology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX 76204, USA;
| | - Tony T. Yuan
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.T.Y.); (I.D.E.)
| | - Isaac D. Erbele
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.T.Y.); (I.D.E.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
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Kim J, Eygeris Y, Ryals RC, Jozić A, Sahay G. Strategies for non-viral vectors targeting organs beyond the liver. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:428-447. [PMID: 38151642 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticles have evolved to a clinical modality to deliver diverse nucleic acids. Rising interest in nanomedicines comes from proven safety and efficacy profiles established by continuous efforts to optimize physicochemical properties and endosomal escape. However, despite their transformative impact on the pharmaceutical industry, the clinical use of non-viral nucleic acid delivery is limited to hepatic diseases and vaccines due to liver accumulation. Overcoming liver tropism of nanoparticles is vital to meet clinical needs in other organs. Understanding the anatomical structure and physiological features of various organs would help to identify potential strategies for fine-tuning nanoparticle characteristics. In this Review, we discuss the source of liver tropism of non-viral vectors, present a brief overview of biological structure, processes and barriers in select organs, highlight approaches available to reach non-liver targets, and discuss techniques to accelerate the discovery of non-hepatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Yulia Eygeris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Renee C Ryals
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Antony Jozić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Robertson Life Sciences Building, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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6
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Yun Y, Lee SY. Updates on Genetic Hearing Loss: From Diagnosis to Targeted Therapies. J Audiol Otol 2024; 28:88-92. [PMID: 38695053 PMCID: PMC11065549 DOI: 10.7874/jao.2024.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common sensory disorder, with a high Mendelian genetic contribution. Considering the genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of SNHL, the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies has revolutionized knowledge on its genomic architecture. Nonetheless, the conventional application of panel and exome sequencing in real-world practice is being challenged by the emerging need to explore the diagnostic capability of whole-genome sequencing, which enables the detection of both noncoding and structural variations. Small molecules and gene therapies represent good examples of how breakthroughs in genetic understanding can be translated into targeted therapies for SNHL. For example, targeted small molecules have been used to ameliorate autoinflammatory hearing loss caused by gain-of-function variants of NLRP3 and inner ear proteinopathy with OSBPL2 variants underlying dysfunctional autophagy. Strikingly, the successful outcomes of the first-in-human trial of OTOF gene therapy highlighted its potential in the treatment of various forms of genetic hearing loss. clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based technologies are currently being developed for site-specific genome editing to treat human genetic disorders. These advancements have led to an era of genotype- and mechanism-based precision medicine in SNHL practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Yun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Liu Y, Zeng X, Zhang H. An Emerging Approach of Age-Related Hearing Loss Research: Application of Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300613. [PMID: 38279573 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most common otologic diseases in the elderly, age-related hearing loss (ARHL) usually characterized by hearing loss and cognitive disorders, which have a significant impact on the elderly's physical and mental health and quality of life. However, as a typical disease of aging, it is unclear why aging causes widespread hearing impairment in the elderly. As molecular biological experiments have been conducted for research recently, ARHL is gradually established at various levels with the application and development of integrated multi-omics analysis in the studies of ARHL. Here, the recent progress in the application of multi-omics analysis in the molecular mechanisms of ARHL development and therapeutic regimens, including the combined analysis of different omics, such as transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, to screen for risk sites, risk genes, and differences in lipid metabolism, etc., is outlined and the integrated histological data further promote the profound understanding of the disease process as well as physiological mechanisms of ARHL. The advantages and disadvantages of multi-omics analysis in disease research are also discussed and the authors speculate on the future prospects and applications of this part-to-whole approach, which may provide more comprehensive guidance for ARHL and aging disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T., Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, 519041, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T., Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, 519041, China
| | - Huasong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T., Shenzhen, 518172, China
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8
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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Pan X, Li Y, Huang P, Staecker H, He M. Extracellular vesicles for developing targeted hearing loss therapy. J Control Release 2024; 366:460-478. [PMID: 38182057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Substantial efforts have been made for local administration of small molecules or biologics in treating hearing loss diseases caused by either trauma, genetic mutations, or drug ototoxicity. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) naturally secreted from cells have drawn increasing attention on attenuating hearing impairment from both preclinical studies and clinical studies. Highly emerging field utilizing diverse bioengineering technologies for developing EVs as the bioderived therapeutic materials, along with artificial intelligence (AI)-based targeting toolkits, shed the light on the unique properties of EVs specific to inner ear delivery. This review will illuminate such exciting research field from fundamentals of hearing protective functions of EVs to biotechnology advancement and potential clinical translation of functionalized EVs. Specifically, the advancements in assessing targeting ligands using AI algorithms are systematically discussed. The overall translational potential of EVs is reviewed in the context of auditory sensing system for developing next generation gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Peixin Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States.
| | - Mei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.
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Tavazzani E, Spaiardi P, Contini D, Sancini G, Russo G, Masetto S. Precision medicine: a new era for inner ear diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1328460. [PMID: 38327988 PMCID: PMC10848152 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1328460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The inner ear is the organ responsible for hearing and balance. Inner ear dysfunction can be the result of infection, trauma, ototoxic drugs, genetic mutation or predisposition. Often, like for Ménière disease, the cause is unknown. Due to the complex access to the inner ear as a fluid-filled cavity within the temporal bone of the skull, effective diagnosis of inner ear pathologies and targeted drug delivery pose significant challenges. Samples of inner ear fluids can only be collected during surgery because the available procedures damage the tiny and fragile structures of the inner ear. Concerning drug administration, the final dose, kinetics, and targets cannot be controlled. Overcoming these limitations is crucial for successful inner ear precision medicine. Recently, notable advancements in microneedle technologies offer the potential for safe sampling of inner ear fluids and local treatment. Ultrasharp microneedles can reach the inner ear fluids with minimal damage to the organ, collect μl amounts of perilymph, and deliver therapeutic agents in loco. This review highlights the potential of ultrasharp microneedles, combined with nano vectors and gene therapy, to effectively treat inner ear diseases of different etiology on an individual basis. Though further research is necessary to translate these innovative approaches into clinical practice, these technologies may represent a true breakthrough in the clinical approach to inner ear diseases, ushering in a new era of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tavazzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- ICS-Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Spaiardi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Donatella Contini
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Giulio Sancini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Nanomedicine Center, Neuroscience Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Russo
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sergio Masetto
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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11
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Li L, Shen T, Liu S, Qi J, Zhao Y. Advancements and future prospects of adeno-associated virus-mediated gene therapy for sensorineural hearing loss. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1272786. [PMID: 38327848 PMCID: PMC10847333 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1272786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), a highly prevalent sensory impairment, results from a multifaceted interaction of genetic and environmental factors. As we continually gain insights into the molecular basis of auditory development and the growing compendium of deafness genes identified, research on gene therapy for SNHL has significantly deepened. Adeno-associated virus (AAV), considered a relatively secure vector for gene therapy in clinical trials, can deliver various transgenes based on gene therapy strategies such as gene replacement, gene silencing, gene editing, or gene addition to alleviate diverse types of SNHL. This review delved into the preclinical advances in AAV-based gene therapy for SNHL, spanning hereditary and acquired types. Particular focus is placed on the dual-AAV construction method and its application, the vector delivery route of mouse inner ear models (local, systemic, fetal, and cerebrospinal fluid administration), and the significant considerations in transforming from AAV-based animal model inner ear gene therapy to clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linke Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shixi Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Micaletti F, Escoffre JM, Kerneis S, Bouakaz A, Galvin JJ, Boullaud L, Bakhos D. Microbubble-assisted ultrasound for inner ear drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 204:115145. [PMID: 38042259 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Treating pathologies of the inner ear is a major challenge. To date, a wide range of procedures exists for administering therapeutic agents to the inner ear, with varying degrees of success. The key is to deliver therapeutics in a way that is minimally invasive, effective, long-lasting, and without adverse effects on vestibular and cochlear function. Microbubble-assisted ultrasound ("sonoporation") is a promising new modality that can be adapted to the inner ear. Combining ultrasound technology with microbubbles in the middle ear can increase the permeability of the round window, enabling therapeutic agents to be delivered safely and effectively to the inner ear in a targeted manner. As such, sonoporation is a promising new approach to treat hearing loss and vertigo. This review summarizes all studies on the delivery of therapeutic molecules to the inner ear using sonoporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Micaletti
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
| | | | - Sandrine Kerneis
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Ayache Bouakaz
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - John J Galvin
- Faculty of medicine, Université de Tours, 10 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; House Institute Foundation, 2100 W 3rd Street, Suite 111, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
| | - Luc Boullaud
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - David Bakhos
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; Faculty of medicine, Université de Tours, 10 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; House Institute Foundation, 2100 W 3rd Street, Suite 111, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
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13
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Pressé MT, Malgrange B, Delacroix L. The cochlear matrisome: Importance in hearing and deafness. Matrix Biol 2024; 125:40-58. [PMID: 38070832 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists in a complex meshwork of collagens, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans, which serves a scaffolding function and provides viscoelastic properties to the tissues. ECM acts as a biomechanical support, and actively participates in cell signaling to induce tissular changes in response to environmental forces and soluble cues. Given the remarkable complexity of the inner ear architecture, its exquisite structure-function relationship, and the importance of vibration-induced stimulation of its sensory cells, ECM is instrumental to hearing. Many factors of the matrisome are involved in cochlea development, function and maintenance, as evidenced by the variety of ECM proteins associated with hereditary deafness. This review describes the structural and functional ECM components in the auditory organ and how they are modulated over time and following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary T Pressé
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 15 avenue Hippocrate - CHU - B36 (1st floor), Liège B-4000, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Malgrange
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 15 avenue Hippocrate - CHU - B36 (1st floor), Liège B-4000, Belgium
| | - Laurence Delacroix
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 15 avenue Hippocrate - CHU - B36 (1st floor), Liège B-4000, Belgium.
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14
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Pan X, Huang P, Ali SS, Renslo B, Hutchinson TE, Erwin N, Greenberg Z, Ding Z, Li Y, Warnecke A, Fernandez NE, Staecker H, He M. CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Dominant Progressive Hearing Loss. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.14.557853. [PMID: 38168224 PMCID: PMC10760051 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Clinical translation of gene therapy has been challenging, due to limitations in current delivery vehicles such as traditional viral vectors. Herein, we report the use of gRNA:Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) for in vivo gene therapy. By leveraging a novel high-throughput microfluidic droplet-based electroporation system (μDES), we achieved 10-fold enhancement of loading efficiency and more than 1000-fold increase in processing throughput on loading RNP complexes into EVs (RNP-EVs), compared with conventional bulk electroporation. The flow-through droplets serve as enormous bioreactors for offering millisecond pulsed, low-voltage electroporation in a continuous-flow and scalable manner, which minimizes the Joule heating influence and surface alteration to retain natural EV stability and integrity. In the Shaker-1 mouse model of dominant progressive hearing loss, we demonstrated the effective delivery of RNP-EVs into inner ear hair cells, with a clear reduction of Myo7ash1 mRNA expression compared to RNP-loaded lipid-like nanoparticles (RNP-LNPs), leading to significant hearing recovery measured by auditory brainstem responses (ABR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Peixin Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Samantha S. Ali
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Bryan Renslo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Tarun E Hutchinson
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Nina Erwin
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Zachary Greenberg
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Zuo Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States
| | - Athanasia Warnecke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalia E. Fernandez
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Mei He
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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15
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Cho SH, Yun Y, Lee DH, Cha JH, Lee SM, Lee J, Suh MH, Lee JH, Oh SH, Park MK, Lee SY. Novel autosomal dominant TMC1 variants linked to hearing loss: insight into protein-lipid interactions. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:320. [PMID: 38066485 PMCID: PMC10704677 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01766-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TMC1, which encodes transmembrane channel-like protein 1, forms the mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) channel in auditory hair cells, necessary for auditory function. TMC1 variants are known to cause autosomal dominant (DFNA36) and autosomal recessive (DFNB7/11) non-syndromic hearing loss, but only a handful of TMC1 variants underlying DFNA36 have been reported, hampering analysis of genotype-phenotype correlations. METHODS In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 338 probands in an in-house database of genetic hearing loss, evaluating the clinical phenotypes and genotypes of novel TMC1 variants associated with DFNA36. To analyze the structural impact of these variants, we generated two structural models of human TMC1, utilizing the Cryo-EM structure of C. elegans TMC1 as a template and AlphaFold protein structure database. Specifically, the lipid bilayer-embedded protein database was used to construct membrane-embedded models of TMC1. We then examined the effect of TMC1 variants on intramolecular interactions and predicted their potential pathogenicity. RESULTS We identified two novel TMC1 variants related to DFNA36 (c.1256T > C:p.Phe419Ser and c.1444T > C:p.Trp482Arg). The affected subjects had bilateral, moderate, late-onset, progressive sensorineural hearing loss with a down-sloping configuration. The Phe419 residue located in the transmembrane domain 4 of TMC1 faces outward towards the channel pore and is in close proximity to the hydrophobic tail of the lipid bilayer. The non-polar-to-polar variant (p.Phe419Ser) alters the hydrophobicity in the membrane, compromising protein-lipid interactions. On the other hand, the Trp482 residue located in the extracellular linker region between transmembrane domains 5 and 6 is anchored to the membrane interfaces via its aromatic rings, mediating several molecular interactions that stabilize the structure of TMC1. This type of aromatic ring-based anchoring is also observed in homologous transmembrane proteins such as OSCA1.2. Conversely, the substitution of Trp with Arg (Trp482Arg) disrupts the cation-π interaction with phospholipids located in the outer leaflet of the phospholipid bilayer, destabilizing protein-lipid interactions. Additionally, Trp482Arg collapses the CH-π interaction between Trp482 and Pro511, possibly reducing the overall stability of the protein. In parallel with the molecular modeling, the two mutants degraded significantly faster compared to the wild-type protein, compromising protein stability. CONCLUSIONS This results expand the genetic spectrum of disease-causing TMC1 variants related to DFNA36 and provide insight into TMC1 transmembrane protein-lipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Cho
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yejin Yun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Hee Lee
- CTCELLS, Inc, 21, Yuseong-daero, 1205beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Cha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Min Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jehyun Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea.
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Daehak-Ro, 101, Seoul, South Korea.
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Precision Medicine & Rare Disease Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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16
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Hahn R, Avraham KB. Gene Therapy for Inherited Hearing Loss: Updates and Remaining Challenges. Audiol Res 2023; 13:952-966. [PMID: 38131808 PMCID: PMC10740825 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss stands as the most prevalent sensory deficit among humans, posing a significant global health challenge. Projections indicate that by 2050, approximately 10% of the world's population will grapple with disabling hearing impairment. While approximately half of congenital hearing loss cases have a genetic etiology, traditional interventions such as hearing aids and cochlear implants do not completely restore normal hearing. The absence of biological treatment has prompted significant efforts in recent years, with a strong focus on gene therapy to address hereditary hearing loss. Although several studies have exhibited promising recovery from common forms of genetic deafness in mouse models, existing challenges must be overcome to make gene therapy applicable in the near future. Herein, we summarize the primary gene therapy strategies employed over past years, provide an overview of the recent achievements in preclinical studies for genetic hearing loss, and outline the current key obstacles to cochlear gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen B. Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
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17
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Morel G, Ernest S, Serey-Gaut M, Jonard L, Balogoun AR, Parodi M, Loundon N, Achard S, Marlin S. RIPOR2: A new gene of non-syndromic cochleovestibular dysfunction, discrepancy between human pathology and animal models. Clin Genet 2023; 104:669-673. [PMID: 37864412 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Cochleovestibular dysfunctions are rare conditions misrecognized. A homozygous pathogenic variation c.1561C > T (p.Arg521*) in RIPOR2 (RHO family interacting cell polarization regulator 2) has been identified by WES in Tunisian siblings suffering from congenital bilateral profound hearing and vestibular dysfunctions. In contrast to the vestibular areflexia observed in our patients, deaf Ripor2 KO mouse model and our zebrafish model have normal vestibular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godelieve Morel
- Centre de Référence «Surdités Génétiques», Fédération de Génétique; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Felix Guyon, France
| | - Sylvain Ernest
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Malformations, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Margaux Serey-Gaut
- Centre de Référence «Surdités Génétiques», Fédération de Génétique; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche en Audiologie (CREA), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Jonard
- Centre de Référence «Surdités Génétiques», Fédération de Génétique; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche en Audiologie (CREA), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Abeke Ralyath Balogoun
- Centre de Référence «Surdités Génétiques», Fédération de Génétique; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche en Audiologie (CREA), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marine Parodi
- Service d'ORL Pédiatrique et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Natalie Loundon
- Centre de Référence «Surdités Génétiques», Fédération de Génétique; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche en Audiologie (CREA), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Service d'ORL Pédiatrique et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Achard
- Centre de Référence «Surdités Génétiques», Fédération de Génétique; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Service d'ORL Pédiatrique et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Marlin
- Centre de Référence «Surdités Génétiques», Fédération de Génétique; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Malformations, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche en Audiologie (CREA), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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18
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Noda M, Koshu R, Shimada Dias M, Saito C, Takino N, Ito M, Yoshimura H, Ito M, Muramatsu SI. Enhanced Cochlear Transduction by AAV9 with High-Concentration Sucrose. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:1064-1071. [PMID: 37642269 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The inner ear is a primary lesion in sensorineural hearing loss and has been a target in gene therapy. The efficacy of gene therapy depends on achieving sufficient levels of transduction at a safe vector dose. Vectors derived from various adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are predominantly used to deliver therapeutic genes to inner ear cells. AAV9 and its variants vector are attractive candidates for clinical applications since they can cross the mesothelial cell layer and transduce inner hair cells (IHCs), although this requires relatively high doses. In this study, we investigated the effects of sucrose on the transduction of a variant of the AAV9 vector for gene transfer in the inner ear. We found that high concentrations of sucrose increased gene transduction in House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells in vitro. In addition, we demonstrated that simultaneous administration of sucrose enhanced the transduction of mouse IHCs and spiral ligament cells using an AAV9 variant vector. The procedure did not increase the thresholds in the auditory brainstem response, suggesting that sucrose had no adverse effect on auditory function. This versatile method may be valuable in the development of novel gene therapies for adult-onset sensorineural hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Noda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Division of Neurological Gene Therapy, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ryota Koshu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mari Shimada Dias
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Chizu Saito
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naomi Takino
- Division of Neurological Gene Therapy, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mika Ito
- Division of Neurological Gene Therapy, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hidekane Yoshimura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shinshu University, Japan
| | - Makoto Ito
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Muramatsu
- Division of Neurological Gene Therapy, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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19
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Petit C, Bonnet C, Safieddine S. Deafness: from genetic architecture to gene therapy. Nat Rev Genet 2023; 24:665-686. [PMID: 37173518 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Progress in deciphering the genetic architecture of human sensorineural hearing impairment (SNHI) or loss, and multidisciplinary studies of mouse models, have led to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying auditory system function, primarily in the cochlea, the mammalian hearing organ. These studies have provided unparalleled insights into the pathophysiological processes involved in SNHI, paving the way for the development of inner-ear gene therapy based on gene replacement, gene augmentation or gene editing. The application of these approaches in preclinical studies over the past decade has highlighted key translational opportunities and challenges for achieving effective, safe and sustained inner-ear gene therapy to prevent or cure monogenic forms of SNHI and associated balance disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Petit
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, F-75012, Paris, France.
- Collège de France, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Crystel Bonnet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Saaïd Safieddine
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, F-75012, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-75016, Paris, France
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20
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Totten DJ, Booth KTA, Mosier KM, Cumpston EC, Whitted C, Okechuku V, Koontz NA, Nelson RF. Human cochlear diffusion from the cerebrospinal fluid space with gadolinium contrast. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2566-2569. [PMID: 37582360 PMCID: PMC10492018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J Totten
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis. IN 46202, USA
| | - Kevin T A Booth
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis. IN 46202, USA; Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kristine M Mosier
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis. IN 46202, USA; Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Evan C Cumpston
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis. IN 46202, USA
| | - Cody Whitted
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, IN 46202, USA
| | - Vanessa Okechuku
- School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Nicholas A Koontz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis. IN 46202, USA; Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Rick F Nelson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis. IN 46202, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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21
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van der Valk WH, van Beelen ESA, Steinhart MR, Nist-Lund C, Osorio D, de Groot JCMJ, Sun L, van Benthem PPG, Koehler KR, Locher H. A single-cell level comparison of human inner ear organoids with the human cochlea and vestibular organs. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112623. [PMID: 37289589 PMCID: PMC10592453 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inner ear disorders are among the most common congenital abnormalities; however, current tissue culture models lack the cell type diversity to study these disorders and normal otic development. Here, we demonstrate the robustness of human pluripotent stem cell-derived inner ear organoids (IEOs) and evaluate cell type heterogeneity by single-cell transcriptomics. To validate our findings, we construct a single-cell atlas of human fetal and adult inner ear tissue. Our study identifies various cell types in the IEOs including periotic mesenchyme, type I and type II vestibular hair cells, and developing vestibular and cochlear epithelium. Many genes linked to congenital inner ear dysfunction are confirmed to be expressed in these cell types. Additional cell-cell communication analysis within IEOs and fetal tissue highlights the role of endothelial cells on the developing sensory epithelium. These findings provide insights into this organoid model and its potential applications in studying inner ear development and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H van der Valk
- OtoBiology Leiden, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Edward S A van Beelen
- OtoBiology Leiden, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Matthew R Steinhart
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Carl Nist-Lund
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Osorio
- Research Computing, Department of Information Technology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John C M J de Groot
- OtoBiology Leiden, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Liang Sun
- Research Computing, Department of Information Technology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Paul G van Benthem
- OtoBiology Leiden, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Karl R Koehler
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Heiko Locher
- OtoBiology Leiden, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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22
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Aldè M, Cantarella G, Zanetti D, Pignataro L, La Mantia I, Maiolino L, Ferlito S, Di Mauro P, Cocuzza S, Lechien JR, Iannella G, Simon F, Maniaci A. Autosomal Dominant Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss (DFNA): A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1616. [PMID: 37371710 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (HL) typically occurs when only one dominant allele within the disease gene is sufficient to express the phenotype. Therefore, most patients diagnosed with autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL have a hearing-impaired parent, although de novo mutations should be considered in all cases of negative family history. To date, more than 50 genes and 80 loci have been identified for autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL. DFNA22 (MYO6 gene), DFNA8/12 (TECTA gene), DFNA20/26 (ACTG1 gene), DFNA6/14/38 (WFS1 gene), DFNA15 (POU4F3 gene), DFNA2A (KCNQ4 gene), and DFNA10 (EYA4 gene) are some of the most common forms of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL. The characteristics of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL are heterogenous. However, in most cases, HL tends to be bilateral, post-lingual in onset (childhood to early adulthood), high-frequency (sloping audiometric configuration), progressive, and variable in severity (mild to profound degree). DFNA1 (DIAPH1 gene) and DFNA6/14/38 (WFS1 gene) are the most common forms of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL affecting low frequencies, while DFNA16 (unknown gene) is characterized by fluctuating HL. A long audiological follow-up is of paramount importance to identify hearing threshold deteriorations early and ensure prompt treatment with hearing aids or cochlear implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Aldè
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Giovanna Cantarella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Zanetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pignataro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Ignazio La Mantia
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Maiolino
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ferlito
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Di Mauro
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cocuzza
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Jérôme René Lechien
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Giannicola Iannella
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Francois Simon
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Ghalavand MA, Asghari A, Farhadi M, Taghizadeh-Hesary F, Garshasbi M, Falah M. The genetic landscape and possible therapeutics of neurofibromatosis type 2. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:99. [PMID: 37217995 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02940-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a genetic condition marked by the development of multiple benign tumors in the nervous system. The most common tumors associated with NF2 are bilateral vestibular schwannoma, meningioma, and ependymoma. The clinical manifestations of NF2 depend on the site of involvement. Vestibular schwannoma can present with hearing loss, dizziness, and tinnitus, while spinal tumor leads to debilitating pain, muscle weakness, or paresthesias. Clinical diagnosis of NF2 is based on the Manchester criteria, which have been updated in the last decade. NF2 is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the NF2 gene on chromosome 22, leading the merlin protein to malfunction. Over half of NF2 patients have de novo mutations, and half of this group are mosaic. NF2 can be managed by surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, and close observation. However, the nature of multiple tumors and the necessity of multiple surgeries over the lifetime, inoperable tumors like meningiomatosis with infiltration of the sinus or in the area of the lower cranial nerves, the complications caused by the operation, the malignancies induced by radiotherapy, and inefficiency of cytotoxic chemotherapy due to the benign nature of NF-related tumors have led a march toward exploring targeted therapies. Recent advances in genetics and molecular biology have allowed identifying and targeting of underlying pathways in the pathogenesis of NF2. In this review, we explain the clinicopathological characteristics of NF2, its genetic and molecular background, and the current knowledge and challenges of implementing genetics to develop efficient therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Ghalavand
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alimohamad Asghari
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Oncology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Falah
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Jones M, Kovacevic B, Ionescu CM, Wagle SR, Quintas C, Wong EYM, Mikov M, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H. The applications of Targeted Delivery for Gene Therapies in Hearing Loss. J Drug Target 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37211674 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2216900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapies are becoming more abundantly researched for use in a multitude of potential treatments, including for hearing loss. Hearing loss is a condition which impacts an increasing number of the population each year, with significant burdens associated. As such, this review will present the concept that delivering a gene effectively to the inner ear may assist in expanding novel treatment options and improving patient outcomes. Historically, several drawbacks have been associated with the use of gene therapies, some of which may be overcome via targeted delivery. Targeted delivery has the potential to alleviate off-target effects and permit a safer delivery profile. Viral vectors have often been described as a delivery method, however, there is an emerging depiction of the potential for nanotechnology to be used. Resulting nanoparticles may also be tuned to allow for targeted delivery. Therefore, this review will focus on hearing loss, gene delivery techniques and inner ear targets, including highlighting promising research. Targeted delivery is a key concept to permitting gene delivery in a safe effective manner, however, further research is required, both in the determination of genes to use in functional hearing recovery and formulating nanoparticles for targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christina Quintas
- School of human sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elaine Y M Wong
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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25
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Lee SJ, Lee S, Han JH, Choi BY, Lee JH, Lee DH, Lee SY, Oh SH. Structural analysis of pathogenic TMPRSS3 variants and their cochlear implantation outcomes of sensorineural hearing loss. Gene 2023; 865:147335. [PMID: 36871673 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
TMPRSS3, a type II transmembrane serine protease, is involved in various biological processes including the development and maintenance of the inner ear. Biallelic variants in TMPRSS3 typically result in altered protease activity, causing autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL). Structural modeling has been conducted to predict the pathogenicity of TMPRSS3 variants and to gain a better understanding of their prognostic correlation. The mutant-driven changes in TMPRSS3 had substantial impacts on neighboring residues, and the pathogenicity of variants was predicted based on their distance from the active site. However, a more in-depth analysis of other factors, such as intramolecular interactions and protein stability, which affect proteolytic activities is yet to be conducted for TMPRSS3 variants. Among 620 probands who provided genomic DNA for molecular genetic testing, eight families with biallelic TMPRSS3 variants that were segregated in a trans configuration were included. Seven different mutant alleles, either homozygous or compound heterozygous, contributed to TMPRSS3-associated ARNSHL, expanding the genotypic spectrum of disease-causing TMPRSS3 variants. Through three-dimensional modeling and structural analysis, TMPRSS3 variants compromise protein stability by altering intramolecular interactions, and each mutant differently interacts with the serine protease active site. Furthermore, the changes in intramolecular interactions leading to regional instability correlate with the results of functional assay and residual hearing function, but overall stability predictions do not. Our findings also build on previous evidence indicating that most recipients with TMPRSS3 variants have favorable cochlear implantation (CI) outcomes. We found that age at CI was significantly correlated with speech performance outcomes; genotype was not correlated with these outcomes. Collectively, the results of this study contribute to a more structural understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ARNSHL caused by TMPRSS3 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Somin Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wu J, Tao Y, Deng D, Meng Z, Zhao Y. The applications of CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing in genetic hearing loss. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:93. [PMID: 37210555 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) can be caused by a number of different genetic factors. Non-syndromic HL refers that HL occurs as an isolated symptom in an individual, whereas syndromic HL refers that HL is associated with other symptoms or abnormalities. To date, more than 140 genes have been identified as being associated with non-syndromic HL, and approximately 400 genetic syndromes can include HL as one of the clinical symptoms. However, no gene therapeutic approaches are currently available to restore or improve hearing. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity to elucidate the possible pathogenesis of specific mutations in HL-associated genes and to investigate the promising therapeutic strategies for genetic HL. The development of the CRISPR/Cas system has revolutionized the field of genome engineering, which has become an efficacious and cost-effective tool to foster genetic HL research. Moreover, several in vivo studies have demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of the CRISPR/Cas-mediated treatments for specific genetic HL. In this review, we briefly introduce the progress in CRISPR/Cas technique as well as the understanding of genetic HL, and then we detail the recent achievements of CRISPR/Cas technique in disease modeling and therapeutic strategies for genetic HL. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges for the application of CRISPR/Cas technique in future clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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27
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Ivanchenko MV, Hathaway DM, Klein AJ, Pan B, Strelkova O, De-la-Torre P, Wu X, Peters CW, Mulhall EM, Booth KT, Goldstein C, Brower J, Sotomayor M, Indzhykulian AA, Corey DP. Mini-PCDH15 gene therapy rescues hearing in a mouse model of Usher syndrome type 1F. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2400. [PMID: 37100771 PMCID: PMC10133396 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38038-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome type 1 F (USH1F), caused by mutations in the protocadherin-15 gene (PCDH15), is characterized by congenital deafness, lack of balance, and progressive blindness. In hair cells, the receptor cells of the inner ear, PCDH15 is a component of tip links, fine filaments which pull open mechanosensory transduction channels. A simple gene addition therapy for USH1F is challenging because the PCDH15 coding sequence is too large for adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. We use rational, structure-based design to engineer mini-PCDH15s in which 3-5 of the 11 extracellular cadherin repeats are deleted, but which still bind a partner protein. Some mini-PCDH15s can fit in an AAV. An AAV encoding one of these, injected into the inner ears of mouse models of USH1F, produces a mini-PCDH15 which properly forms tip links, prevents the degeneration of hair cell bundles, and rescues hearing. Mini-PCDH15s may be a useful therapy for the deafness of USH1F.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel M Hathaway
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex J Klein
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bifeng Pan
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olga Strelkova
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro De-la-Torre
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cole W Peters
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric M Mulhall
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin T Booth
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Corey Goldstein
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph Brower
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcos Sotomayor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Artur A Indzhykulian
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David P Corey
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Lim HD, Lee SM, Yun YJ, Lee DH, Lee JH, Oh SH, Lee SY. WFS1 autosomal dominant variants linked with hearing loss: update on structural analysis and cochlear implant outcome. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:79. [PMID: 37041640 PMCID: PMC10088283 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wolfram syndrome type 1 gene (WFS1), which encodes a transmembrane structural protein (wolframin), is essential for several biological processes, including proper inner ear function. Unlike the recessively inherited Wolfram syndrome, WFS1 heterozygous variants cause DFNA6/14/38 and wolfram-like syndrome, characterized by autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss, optic atrophy, and diabetes mellitus. Here, we identified two WFS1 heterozygous variants in three DFNA6/14/38 families using exome sequencing. We reveal the pathogenicity of the WFS1 variants based on three-dimensional (3D) modeling and structural analysis. Furthermore, we present cochlear implantation (CI) outcomes in WFS1-associated DFNA6/14/38 and suggest a genotype-phenotype correlation based on our results and a systematic review. METHODS We performed molecular genetic test and evaluated clinical phenotypes of three WFS1-associated DFNA6/14/38 families. A putative WFS1-NCS1 interaction model was generated, and the impacts of WFS1 variants on stability were predicted by comparing intramolecular interactions. A total of 62 WFS1 variants associated with DFNA6/14/38 were included in a systematic review. RESULTS One variant is a known mutational hotspot variant in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-luminal domain WFS1(NM_006005.3) (c.2051 C > T:p.Ala684Val), and the other is a novel frameshift variant in transmembrane domain 6 (c.1544_1545insA:p.Phe515LeufsTer28). The two variants were pathogenic, based on the ACMG/AMP guidelines. Three-dimensional modeling and structural analysis show that non-polar, hydrophobic substitution of Ala684 (p.Ala684Val) destabilizes the alpha helix and contributes to the loss of WFS1-NCS1 interaction. Also, the p.Phe515LeufsTer28 variant truncates transmembrane domain 7-9 and the ER-luminal domain, possibly impairing membrane localization and C-terminal signal transduction. The systematic review demonstrates favorable outcomes of CI. Remarkably, p.Ala684Val in WFS1 is associated with early-onset severe-to-profound deafness, revealing a strong candidate variant for CI. CONCLUSIONS We expanded the genotypic spectrum of WFS1 heterozygous variants underlying DFNA6/14/38 and revealed the pathogenicity of mutant WFS1, providing a theoretical basis for WFS1-NCS1 interactions. We presented a range of phenotypic traits for WFS1 heterozygous variants and demonstrated favorable functional CI outcomes, proposing p.Ala684Val a strong potential marker for CI candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dong Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Min Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Yun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hee Lee
- CTCELLS, Inc, 21, Yuseong-daero, 1205beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Jiang L, Wang D, He Y, Shu Y. Advances in gene therapy hold promise for treating hereditary hearing loss. Mol Ther 2023; 31:934-950. [PMID: 36755494 PMCID: PMC10124073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy focuses on genetic modification to produce therapeutic effects or treat diseases by repairing or reconstructing genetic material, thus being expected to be the most promising therapeutic strategy for genetic disorders. Due to the growing attention to hearing impairment, an increasing amount of research is attempting to utilize gene therapy for hereditary hearing loss (HHL), an important monogenic disease and the most common type of congenital deafness. Several gene therapy clinical trials for HHL have recently been approved, and, additionally, CRISPR-Cas tools have been attempted for HHL treatment. Therefore, in order to further advance the development of inner ear gene therapy and promote its broad application in other forms of genetic disease, it is imperative to review the progress of gene therapy for HHL. Herein, we address three main gene therapy strategies (gene replacement, gene suppression, and gene editing), summarizing the strategy that is most appropriate for particular monogenic diseases based on different pathogenic mechanisms, and then focusing on their successful applications for HHL in preclinical trials. Finally, we elaborate on the challenges and outlooks of gene therapy for HHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoying Jiang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Daqi Wang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingzi He
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Iwasa Y, Klimara MJ, Yoshimura H, Walls WD, Omichi R, West CA, Shibata SB, Ranum PT, Smith RJ. Mutation-agnostic RNA interference with engineered replacement rescues Tmc1-related hearing loss. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:6/3/e202201592. [PMID: 36574989 PMCID: PMC9795038 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit, of which genetic etiologies are a frequent cause. Dominant and recessive mutations in TMC1, a gene encoding the pore-forming subunit of the hair cell mechanotransduction channel, cause DFNA36 and DFNB7/11, respectively, accounting for ∼2% of genetic hearing loss. Previous work has established the efficacy of mutation-targeted RNAi in treatment of murine models of autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness. However, application of such approaches is limited by the infeasibility of development and validation of novel constructs for each variant. We developed an allele-non-specific approach consisting of mutation-agnostic RNAi suppression of both mutant and WT alleles, co-delivered with a knockdown-resistant engineered WT allele with or without the use of woodchuck hepatitis virus post-transcriptional regulatory element (WPRE) to augment transgene expression. This therapeutic construct was delivered into the mature murine model of DFNA36 with an AAV vector and achieved robust hair cell and auditory brainstem response preservation. However, WPRE-enhanced Tmc1 expression resulted in inferior outcomes, suggesting a role for gene dosage optimization in future TMC1 gene therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Iwasa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Miles J Klimara
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hidekane Yoshimura
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - William D Walls
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ryotaro Omichi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Cody A West
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Seiji B Shibata
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul T Ranum
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard Jh Smith
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Li Y, Ning G, Kang B, Zhu J, Wang XY, Wang Q, Cai T. A novel recessive mutation in OXR1 is identified in patient with hearing loss recapitulated by the knockdown zebrafish. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:764-772. [PMID: 36130215 PMCID: PMC10365843 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary hearing loss is a highly genetically heterogeneous disorder. More than 150 genes have been identified to link to human non-syndromic hearing impairment. To identify genetic mutations and underlying molecular mechanisms in affected individuals and families with congenital hearing loss, we recruited a cohort of 389 affected individuals in 354 families for whole-exome sequencing analysis. In this study, we report a novel homozygous missense variant (c.233A > G, p.Lys78Arg) in the OXR1 gene, which was identified in a 4-year-old girl with sensorineural hearing loss. OXR1 encodes Oxidation Resistance 1 and is evolutionarily conserved from zebrafish to human. We found that the ortholog oxr1b gene is expressed in the statoacoustic ganglion (SAG, a sensory ganglion of ear) and posterior lateral line ganglion (pLL) in zebrafish. Knockdown of oxr1b in zebrafish resulted in a significant developmental defect of SAG and pLL. This phenotype can be rescued by co-injection of wild-type human OXR1 mRNAs, but not mutant OXR1 (c.233A > G) mRNAs. OXR1-associated pathway analysis revealed that mutations of TBC1D24, a TLDc-domain-containing homolog gene of OXR1, have previously been identified in patients with hearing loss. Interestingly, mutations or knockout of OXR1 interacting molecules such as ATP6V1B1 and ESR1 are also associated with hearing loss in patients or animal models, hinting an important role of OXR1 and associated partners in cochlear development and hearing function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 1000292, China
| | - Guozhu Ning
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 5100063, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1001014, China
| | - Baoling Kang
- Bioinformatics Section, Angen Gene Medicine Technology, Beijing 1001765, China
| | - Jinwen Zhu
- Bioinformatics Section, Angen Gene Medicine Technology, Beijing 1001765, China
| | | | - Qiang Wang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 5100063, China
| | - Tao Cai
- Experimental Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 208927, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Foster T, Lewkowicz M, Quintas C, Ionescu CM, Jones M, Wagle SR, Kovacevic B, Wong EYM, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H. Novel Nanoencapsulation Technology and its Potential Role in Bile Acid-Based Targeted Gene Delivery to the Inner Ear. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2204986. [PMID: 36538754 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss impacts a large proportion of the global population. Damage to the inner ear, in particular the sensitive hair cells, can impact individuals for the rest of their lives. There are very limited options for interventions after damage to these cells has occurred. Targeted gene delivery may provide an effective means to trigger appropriate differentiation of progenitor cells for effective replacement of these sensitive hair cells. There are several hurdles that need to be overcome to effectively deliver these genes. Nanoencapsulation technology has previously been used for the delivery of pharmaceuticals, proteins and nucleic acids, and may provide an effective means of delivering genes to trigger appropriate differentiation. This review investigates the background of hearing loss, current advancements and pitfalls of gene delivery, and how nanoencapsulation may be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Foster
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Lewkowicz
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christina Quintas
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elaine Y M Wong
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Schvartz-Leyzac KC, Colesa DJ, Swiderski DL, Raphael Y, Pfingst BE. Cochlear Health and Cochlear-implant Function. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2023; 24:5-29. [PMID: 36600147 PMCID: PMC9971430 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-022-00882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cochlear implant (CI) is widely considered to be one of the most innovative and successful neuroprosthetic treatments developed to date. Although outcomes vary, CIs are able to effectively improve hearing in nearly all recipients and can substantially improve speech understanding and quality of life for patients with significant hearing loss. A wealth of research has focused on underlying factors that contribute to success with a CI, and recent evidence suggests that the overall health of the cochlea could potentially play a larger role than previously recognized. This article defines and reviews attributes of cochlear health and describes procedures to evaluate cochlear health in humans and animal models in order to examine the effects of cochlear health on performance with a CI. Lastly, we describe how future biologic approaches can be used to preserve and/or enhance cochlear health in order to maximize performance for individual CI recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara C Schvartz-Leyzac
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, 1150 Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5616, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Ave, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Deborah J Colesa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, 1150 Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5616, USA
| | - Donald L Swiderski
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, 1150 Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5616, USA
| | - Yehoash Raphael
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, 1150 Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5616, USA
| | - Bryan E Pfingst
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, 1150 Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5616, USA.
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Robillard KN, de Vrieze E, van Wijk E, Lentz JJ. Altering gene expression using antisense oligonucleotide therapy for hearing loss. Hear Res 2022; 426:108523. [PMID: 35649738 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss affects more than 430 million people, worldwide, and is the third most common chronic physical condition in the United States and Europe (GBD Hearing Loss Collaborators, 2021; NIOSH, 2021; WHO, 2021). The loss of hearing significantly impacts motor and cognitive development, communication, education, employment, and overall quality of life. The inner ear houses the sensory organs for both hearing and balance and provides an accessible target for therapeutic delivery. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) use various mechanisms to manipulate gene expression and can be tailor-made to treat disorders with defined genetic targets. In this review, we discuss the preclinical advancements within the field of the highly promising ASO-based therapies for hereditary hearing loss disorders. Particular focus is on ASO mechanisms of action, preclinical studies on ASO treatments of hearing loss, timing of therapeutic intervention, and delivery routes to the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erik de Vrieze
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, RUMC, Geert Grooteplein 10, Route 855, GA, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, RUMC, Nijmegen, NL
| | - Erwin van Wijk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, RUMC, Geert Grooteplein 10, Route 855, GA, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, RUMC, Nijmegen, NL.
| | - Jennifer J Lentz
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LSUHSC, 2020 Gravier Street, Lions Building, Room 795, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Lee SY, Soon Yoo H, Hee Han J, Hee Lee D, Soo Park S, Hwan Suh M, Ho Lee J, Oh SH, Choi BY. Novel Molecular Genetic Etiology of Asymmetric Hearing Loss: Autosomal-Dominant LMX1A Variants. Ear Hear 2022; 43:1698-1707. [PMID: 35711095 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common sensory disorder in humans. Genetic analyses have greatly increased our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms in play. Thus, characterization of audiologic phenotypes by the genetic etiology may aid elucidation of the etiologies of certain types of inherited hearing loss. Further, delineation of specific audiologic phenotypes based on the genetic etiology aids our understanding of some types of inherited hearing loss in terms of the prediction of clinical course, revelation of genotype-phenotype correlations, and application of appropriate audiologic rehabilitation. Here, we describe the interesting audiologic characteristics of LMX1A -associated deafness, which revealed significant asymmetry between two ears. METHODS Among 728 probands of which genomic DNA went through exome sequencing regardless of any specific audiologic phenotypes, probands for which exome sequencing was performed and a causative LMX1A variant was found were all included. Five LMX1A -associated DFNA7 families (approximately 0.7%), the pedigrees of whom indicated autosomal-dominant hearing loss, were identified, and segregation was studied using Sanger sequencing. The affected individuals underwent comprehensive evaluations, including medical history reviews, physical examinations, imaging, and auditory phenotyping. We functionally characterized the novel LMX1A variants via computational structural modeling and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS Among 728 probands of which genomic DNA went through exome sequencing, we identified four novel LMX1A heterozygous variants related to DFNA7 (c.622C>T:p.Arg208*, c.719A>G:p.Gln240Arg, c.721G>A:p.Val241Met, and c.887dup:p.Gln297Thrfs*41) and one harboring a de novo heterozygous missense LMX1A variant (c.595A>G;p.Arg199Gly) previously reported. It is important to note that asymmetric hearing loss was identified in all probands and most affected individuals, although the extent of asymmetry varied. Structural modeling revealed that the two missense variants, p.Gln240Arg and p.Val241Met, affected conserved residues of the homeodomain, thus attenuating LMX1A-DNA interaction. In addition, Arg208*-induced premature termination of translation destroyed the structure of the LMX1A protein, including the DNA-binding homeodomain, and p.Gln297Thrfs*41 led to the loss of the C-terminal helix involved in LIM2 domain interaction. Compared with the wild-type protein, all mutant LMX1A proteins had significantly reduced transactivation efficiency, indicating that the ability to elicit transcription of the downstream target genes of LMX1A was severely compromised. Thus, in line with the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guideline specified to genetic hearing loss, the four novel LMX1A variants were identified as "pathogenic" (p.Arg208* and p.Gln297Thrfs*41), "likely pathogenic" (p.Val241Met), and as a "variant of uncertain significance'' (p.Gln240Arg). CONCLUSION For the first time, we suggest that LMX1A is one of the candidate genes which, if altered, could be associated with dominantly inherited asymmetric hearing loss. We also expand the genotypic spectrum of disease-causing variants of LMX1A causing DFNA7 by doubling the number of LMX1A variants reported thus far in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo Soon Yoo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Hee Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Dae Hee Lee
- CTCELLS, Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang Soo Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, a Stepping Stone to In Vitro Human Models of Hearing Loss. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203331. [PMID: 36291196 PMCID: PMC9600035 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most prevalent sensorineural impairment in humans. Yet despite very active research, no effective therapy other than the cochlear implant has reached the clinic. Main reasons for this failure are the multifactorial nature of the disorder, its heterogeneity, and a late onset that hinders the identification of etiological factors. Another problem is the lack of human samples such that practically all the work has been conducted on animals. Although highly valuable data have been obtained from such models, there is the risk that inter-species differences exist that may compromise the relevance of the gathered data. Human-based models are therefore direly needed. The irruption of human induced pluripotent stem cell technologies in the field of hearing research offers the possibility to generate an array of otic cell models of human origin; these may enable the identification of guiding signalling cues during inner ear development and of the mechanisms that lead from genetic alterations to pathology. These models will also be extremely valuable when conducting ototoxicity analyses and when exploring new avenues towards regeneration in the inner ear. This review summarises some of the work that has already been conducted with these cells and contemplates future possibilities.
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Defourny J. Considering gene therapy to protect from X-linked deafness DFNX2 and associated neurodevelopmental disorders. IBRAIN 2022; 8:431-441. [PMID: 37786584 PMCID: PMC10529175 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Mutations and deletions in the gene or upstream of the gene encoding the POU3F4 transcription factor cause X-linked progressive deafness DFNX2 and additional neurodevelopmental disorders in humans. Hearing loss can be purely sensorineural or mixed, that is, with both conductive and sensorineural components. Affected males show anatomical abnormalities of the inner ear, which are jointly defined as incomplete partition type III. Current approaches to improve hearing and speech skills of DFNX2 patients do not seem to be fully effective. Owing to inner ear malformations, cochlear implantation is surgically difficult and may predispose towards severe complications. Even in cases where implantation is safely performed, hearing and speech outcomes remain highly variable among patients. Mouse models for DFNX2 deafness revealed that sensorineural loss could arise from a dysfunction of spiral ligament fibrocytes in the lateral wall of the cochlea, which leads to reduced endocochlear potential. Highly positive endocochlear potential is critical for sensory hair cell mechanotransduction and hearing. In this context, here, we propose to develop a therapeutic approach in male Pou3f4 -/y mice based on an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector-mediated gene transfer in cochlear spiral ligament fibrocytes. Among a broad range of AAV vectors, AAV7 was found to show a strong tropism for the spiral ligament. Thus, we suggest that an AAV7-mediated delivery of Pou3f4 complementary DNA in the spiral ligament of Pou3f4 -/y mice could represent an attractive strategy to prevent fibrocyte degeneration and to restore normal cochlear functions and properties, including a positive endocochlear potential, before hearing loss progresses to profound deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Defourny
- GIGA‐Neurosciences, Unit of Cell and Tissue BiologyUniversity of Liège, C.H.U. B36LiègeBelgium
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Jeng JY, Carlton AJ, Goodyear RJ, Chinowsky C, Ceriani F, Johnson SL, Sung TC, Dayn Y, Richardson GP, Bowl MR, Brown SD, Manor U, Marcotti W. AAV-mediated rescue of Eps8 expression in vivo restores hair-cell function in a mouse model of recessive deafness. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 26:355-370. [PMID: 36034774 PMCID: PMC9382420 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The transduction of acoustic information by hair cells depends upon mechanosensitive stereociliary bundles that project from their apical surface. Mutations or absence of the stereociliary protein EPS8 cause deafness in humans and mice, respectively. Eps8 knockout mice (Eps8 -/- ) have hair cells with immature stereocilia and fail to become sensory receptors. Here, we show that exogenous delivery of Eps8 using Anc80L65 in P1-P2 Eps8 -/- mice in vivo rescued the hair bundle structure of apical-coil hair cells. Rescued hair bundles correctly localize EPS8, WHIRLIN, MYO15, and BAIAP2L2, and generate normal mechanoelectrical transducer currents. Inner hair cells with normal-looking stereocilia re-expressed adult-like basolateral ion channels (BK and KCNQ4) and have normal exocytosis. The number of hair cells undergoing full recovery was not sufficient to rescue hearing in Eps8 -/- mice. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-transduction of P3 apical-coil and P1-P2 basal-coil hair cells does not rescue hair cells, nor does Anc80L65-Eps8 delivery in adult Eps8 -/- mice. We propose that AAV-induced gene-base therapy is an efficient strategy to recover the complex hair-cell defects in Eps8 -/- mice. However, this therapeutic approach may need to be performed in utero since, at postnatal ages, Eps8 -/- hair cells appear to have matured or accumulated damage beyond the point of repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Jeng
- School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Adam J. Carlton
- School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Richard J. Goodyear
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Colbie Chinowsky
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Federico Ceriani
- School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Stuart L. Johnson
- School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Tsung-Chang Sung
- Transgenic Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yelena Dayn
- Transgenic Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guy P. Richardson
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Michael R. Bowl
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD UK
| | - Steve D.M. Brown
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD UK
| | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Walter Marcotti
- School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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Singh R, Birru B, Veit JGS, Arrigali EM, Serban MA. Development and Characterization of an In Vitro Round Window Membrane Model for Drug Permeability Evaluations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091105. [PMID: 36145326 PMCID: PMC9504332 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss and balance disorders are highly common disorders, and the development of effective oto-therapeutics remains an area of intense research. Drug development and screening in the hearing research field heavily rely on the use of preclinical models with often ambiguous translational relevance. This often leads to failed advancement in the market of effective therapeutics. In this context, especially for inner ear-specific pathologies, the availability of an in vitro, physiologically relevant, round window membrane (RWM) model could enable rapid, high-throughput screening of potential topical drugs for inner ear and cochlear dysfunctions and could help accelerate the advancement to clinic and market of more viable drug candidates. In this study, we report the development and evaluation of an in vitro model that mimics the native RWM tissue morphology and microenvironment as shown via immunostaining and histological analyses. The developed three-dimensional (3D) in vitro model was additionally assessed for barrier integrity by transepithelial electrical resistance, and the permeability of lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs was determined. Our collective findings suggest that this in vitro model could serve as a tool for rapid development and screening of topically deliverable oto-therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Singh
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Skaggs 394, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Montana Biotechnology Center (BIOTECH), University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Bhaskar Birru
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Skaggs 394, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Montana Biotechnology Center (BIOTECH), University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Joachim G. S. Veit
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Skaggs 394, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Montana Biotechnology Center (BIOTECH), University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Arrigali
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Skaggs 394, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Montana Biotechnology Center (BIOTECH), University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Monica A. Serban
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Skaggs 394, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Montana Biotechnology Center (BIOTECH), University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Correspondence:
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Genetic insights, disease mechanisms, and biological therapeutics for Waardenburg syndrome. Gene Ther 2022; 29:479-497. [PMID: 33633356 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-021-00240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Waardenburg syndrome (WS), also known as auditory-pigmentary syndrome, is the most common cause of syndromic hearing loss (HL), which accounts for approximately 2-5% of all patients with congenital hearing loss. WS is classified into four subtypes depending on the clinical phenotypes. Currently, pathogenic mutations of PAX3, MITF, SOX10, EDN3, EDNRB or SNAI2 are associated with different subtypes of WS. Although supportive techniques like hearing aids, cochlear implants, or other assistive listening devices can alleviate the HL symptom, there is no cure for WS to date. Recently major progress has been achieved in preclinical studies of genetic HL in animal models, including gene delivery and stem cell replacement therapies. This review focuses on the current understandings of pathogenic mechanisms and potential biological therapeutic approaches for HL in WS, providing strategies and directions for implementing WS biological therapies, as well as possible problems to be faced, in the future.
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Genetic Load of Alternations of Transcription Factor Genes in Non-Syndromic Deafness and the Associated Clinical Phenotypes: Experience from Two Tertiary Referral Centers. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092125. [PMID: 36140227 PMCID: PMC9495667 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is one of the most common inherited sensory disorders. Functional classifications of deafness genes have shed light on genotype- and mechanism-based pharmacological approaches and on gene therapy strategies. In this study, we characterized the clinical phenotypes and genotypes of non-syndromic deafness caused by transcription factor (TF) gene variants, one of the functional classifications of genetic hearing loss. Of 1280 probands whose genomic DNA was subjected to molecular genetic testing, TF genes were responsible for hearing loss in 2.6%. Thirty-three pathogenic variants, including nine novel variants, accounting for non-syndromic deafness were clustered in only four TF genes (POU3F4, POU4F3, LMX1A, and EYA4), which is indicative of a narrow molecular etiologic spectrum of TF genes, and the functional redundancy of many other TF genes, in the context of non-syndromic deafness. The audiological and radiological characteristics associated with the four TF genes differed significantly, with a wide phenotypic spectrum. The results of this study reveal the genetic load of TF gene alterations among a cohort with non-syndromic hearing loss. Additionally, we have further refined the clinical profiles associated with TF gene variants as a basis for a personalized, genetically tailored approach to audiological rehabilitation.
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Adadey SM, Wonkam-Tingang E, Alves de Souza Rios L, Aboagye ET, Esoh K, Manyisa N, De Kock C, Awandare GA, Mowla S, Wonkam A. Cell-based analysis of CLIC5A and SLC12A2 variants associated with hearing impairment in two African families. Front Genet 2022; 13:924904. [PMID: 36035115 PMCID: PMC9403182 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.924904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported CLIC5A and SLC12A2 variants in two families from Cameroon and Ghana, segregating non-syndromic hearing impairment (NSHI). In this study, biological assays were performed to further functionally investigate the pathogenicity of CLIC5 [c.224T>C; p.(L75P)] and SCL12A2 [c.2935G>A: p.(E979K)] variants. Ectopic expression of the proteins in a cell model shows that compared to wild-type, both the CLIC5A and SLC12A2 variants were overexpressed. The mutant CLIC5A protein appears as aggregated perinuclear bodies while the wild-type protein was evenly distributed in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, cells transfected with the wild-type CLIC5A formed thin membrane filopodia-like protrusions which were absent in the CLIC5A mutant expressing and control cells. On the other hand, the wild-type SLC12A2 expressing cells had an axon-like morphology which was not observed in the mutant expressing and control cells. A network analysis revealed that CLIC5A can interact with at least eight proteins at the base of the stereocilia. This study has generated novel biological data associated with the pathogenicity of targeted variants in CLIC5A and SLC12A2, found in two African families, and therefore expands our understanding of their pathobiology in hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mawuli Adadey
- Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Edmond Wonkam-Tingang
- Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leonardo Alves de Souza Rios
- Department of Pathology, Division of Haematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elvis Twumasi Aboagye
- Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kevin Esoh
- Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Noluthando Manyisa
- Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Carmen De Kock
- Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gordon A. Awandare
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Shaheen Mowla
- Department of Pathology, Division of Haematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- McKusick-Nathans Institute and Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Wolf BJ, Kusch K, Hunniford V, Vona B, Kühler R, Keppeler D, Strenzke N, Moser T. Is there an unmet medical need for improved hearing restoration? EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e15798. [PMID: 35833443 PMCID: PMC9358394 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202215798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing impairment, the most prevalent sensory deficit, affects more than 466 million people worldwide (WHO). We presently lack causative treatment for the most common form, sensorineural hearing impairment; hearing aids and cochlear implants (CI) remain the only means of hearing restoration. We engaged with CI users to learn about their expectations and their willingness to collaborate with health care professionals on establishing novel therapies. We summarize upcoming CI innovations, gene therapies, and regenerative approaches and evaluate the chances for clinical translation of these novel strategies. We conclude that there remains an unmet medical need for improving hearing restoration and that we are likely to witness the clinical translation of gene therapy and major CI innovations within this decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Julia Wolf
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience & Synaptic Nanophysiology Group, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kusch
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Functional Auditory Genomics Group, Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Victoria Hunniford
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Sensory and Motor Neuroscience PhD Program, Göttingen Graduate Center for Neurosciences, Biophysics, and Molecular Biosciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Kühler
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Keppeler
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience & Synaptic Nanophysiology Group, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicola Strenzke
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Otolaryngology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center 889, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Moser
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience & Synaptic Nanophysiology Group, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center 889, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Marcovich I, Baer NK, Shubina-Oleinik O, Eclov R, Beard CW, Holt JR. Optimized AAV Vectors for TMC1 Gene Therapy in a Humanized Mouse Model of DFNB7/11. Biomolecules 2022; 12:914. [PMID: 35883470 PMCID: PMC9313133 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy for genetic hearing loss is an emerging therapeutic modality for hearing restoration. However, the approach has not yet been translated into clinical application. To further develop inner-ear gene therapy, we engineered a novel mouse model bearing a human mutation in the transmembrane channel-1 gene (Tmc1) and characterized the auditory phenotype of the mice. TMC1 forms the mechanosensory transduction channel in mice and humans and is necessary for auditory function. We found that mice harboring the equivalent of the human p.N199I mutation (p.N193I) had profound congenital hearing loss due to loss of hair cell sensory transduction. Next, we optimized and screened viral payloads packaged into AAV9-PHP.B capsids. The vectors were injected into the inner ears of Tmc1Δ/Δ mice and the new humanized Tmc1-p.N193I mouse model. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), cell survival, and biodistribution were evaluated in the injected mice. We found broad-spectrum, durable recovery of auditory function in Tmc1-p.N193I mice injected with AAV9-PHP.B-CB6-hTMC1-WPRE. ABR and DPOAE thresholds were equivalent to those of wild-type mice across the entire frequency range. Biodistribution analysis revealed viral DNA/RNA in the contralateral ear, brain, and liver but no overt toxicity. We conclude that the AAV9-PHP.B-CB6-hTMC1-WPRE construct may be suitable for further development as a gene therapy reagent for treatment of humans with genetic hearing loss due to recessive TMC1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Marcovich
- Department of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (I.M.); (N.K.B.); (O.S.-O.)
| | - Nicholas K. Baer
- Department of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (I.M.); (N.K.B.); (O.S.-O.)
| | - Olga Shubina-Oleinik
- Department of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (I.M.); (N.K.B.); (O.S.-O.)
| | - Rachel Eclov
- Audition Therapeutics (BridgeBio Pharma), Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (R.E.); (C.W.B.)
| | - Clayton W. Beard
- Audition Therapeutics (BridgeBio Pharma), Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (R.E.); (C.W.B.)
| | - Jeffrey R. Holt
- Department of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (I.M.); (N.K.B.); (O.S.-O.)
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Hearing loss drug discovery and medicinal chemistry: Current status, challenges, and opportunities. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2022; 61:1-91. [PMID: 35753714 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmch.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a severe high unmet need condition affecting more than 1.5 billion people globally. There are no licensed medicines for the prevention, treatment or restoration of hearing. Prosthetic devices, such as hearing aids and cochlear implants, do not restore natural hearing and users struggle with speech in the presence of background noise. Hearing loss drug discovery is immature, and small molecule approaches include repurposing existing drugs, combination therapeutics, late-stage discovery optimisation of known chemotypes for identified molecular targets of interest, phenotypic tissue screening and high-throughput cell-based screening. Hearing loss drug discovery requires the integration of specialist therapeutic area biology and otology clinical expertise. Small molecule drug discovery projects in the global clinical portfolio for hearing loss are here collated and reviewed. An overview is provided of human hearing, inner ear anatomy, inner ear delivery, types of hearing loss and hearing measurement. Small molecule experimental drugs in clinical development for hearing loss are reviewed, including their underpinning biology, discovery strategy and activities, medicinal chemistry, calculated physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and clinical trial status. SwissADME BOILED-Egg permeability modelling is applied to the molecules reviewed, and these results are considered. Non-small molecule hearing loss assets in clinical development are briefly noted in this review. Future opportunities in hearing loss drug discovery for human genomics and targeted protein degradation are highlighted.
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Rayat S, Farhadi M, Emamdjomeh H, Morovvati S, Falah M. Analysis of TMIE gene mutations including the first large deletion of exon 1 with autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:133. [PMID: 35710363 PMCID: PMC9204965 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transmembrane inner ear (TMIE) protein is an essential component of the mechanotransduction complex. In collaboration with other components, TMIE aids the maintenance and function of the sensory hair cells. Autosomal recessive deafness-6 (DFNB6) is caused by mutated TMIE, a gene in the high genetic heterogeneity spectrum of deafness. Hearing loss has a significant impact on the global economy and the quality of life of affected persons, their families, and society. Here, three unrelated families with TMIE variants are presented. All three cases were found while studying the genetic causes of an Iranian cohort of subjects with cochlear implants. Methods Whole exome sequencing was performed to find possible genetic etiology in probands of families after a comprehensive medical evaluation for hearing loss. Co-segregation analysis in probands and other family members was performed by Sanger sequencing. The variants were interpreted per the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Results Three different variants associated with TMIE were confirmed as reasons for autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness. The first novel ~ 10-kb deletion surrounding exon 1 of TMIE along with two previously reported variants co-segregated with families including a frameshift variant c.122_125dup (p.Pro43fs) and a missense variant c.250 C > T; p.(Arg84Trp) in exons 2, and 3, respectively. Conclusion This study increases the mutational spectrum of the TMIE gene and highlights the importance of the large deletion of this gene as a reason for hearing loss. Moreover, an efficient and simple multiplex PCR assay was developed to determine the exact breakpoints of the TMIE deletion. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-022-01287-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Rayat
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hessamaldin Emamdjomeh
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Morovvati
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Falah
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Efficient Viral Transduction in Fetal and Adult Human Inner Ear Explants with AAV9-PHP.B Vectors. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060816. [PMID: 35740941 PMCID: PMC9221426 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown the recovery of auditory function in mouse models of genetic hearing loss following AAV gene therapy, yet translation to the clinic has not yet been demonstrated. One limitation has been the lack of human inner ear cell lines or tissues for validating viral gene therapies. Cultured human inner ear tissue could help confirm viral tropism and efficacy for driving exogenous gene expression in targeted cell types, establish promoter efficacy and perhaps selectivity for targeted cells, confirm the expression of therapeutic constructs and the subcellular localization of therapeutic proteins, and address the potential cellular toxicity of vectors or exogenous constructs. To begin to address these questions, we developed an explant culture method using native human inner ear tissue excised at either fetal or adult stages. Inner ear sensory epithelia were cultured for four days and exposed to vectors encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). We focused on the synthetic AAV9-PHP.B capsid, which has been demonstrated to be efficient for driving eGFP expression in the sensory hair cells of mouse and non-human primate inner ears. We report that AAV9-PHP.B also drives eGFP expression in fetal cochlear hair cells and in fetal and adult vestibular hair cells in explants of human inner ear sensory epithelia, which suggests that both the experimental paradigm and the viral capsid may be valuable for translation to clinical application.
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Nanomaterials for Inner Ear Diseases: Challenges, Limitations and Opportunities. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15113780. [PMID: 35683076 PMCID: PMC9181474 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The inner ear is located deep in the temporal bone and has a complex anatomy. It is difficult to observe and obtain pathological tissues directly. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of inner ear diseases have always been a major clinical problem. The onset of inner ear disease can be accompanied by symptoms such as hearing loss, dizziness and tinnitus, which seriously affect people’s lives. Nanoparticles have the characteristics of small size, high bioavailability and strong plasticity. With the development of related research on nanoparticles in inner ear diseases, nanoparticles have gradually become a research hotspot in inner ear diseases. This review briefly summarizes the research progress, opportunities and challenges of the application of nanoparticles in inner ear diseases.
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Liu SS, Yang R. Inner Ear Drug Delivery for Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Current Challenges and Opportunities. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:867453. [PMID: 35685768 PMCID: PMC9170894 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.867453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most therapies for treating sensorineural hearing loss are challenged by the delivery across multiple tissue barriers to the hard-to-access anatomical location of the inner ear. In this review, we will provide a recent update on various pharmacotherapy, gene therapy, and cell therapy approaches used in clinical and preclinical studies for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss and approaches taken to overcome the drug delivery barriers in the ear. Small-molecule drugs for pharmacotherapy can be delivered via systemic or local delivery, where the blood-labyrinth barrier hinders the former and tissue barriers including the tympanic membrane, the round window membrane, and/or the oval window hinder the latter. Meanwhile, gene and cell therapies often require targeted delivery to the cochlea, which is currently achieved via intra-cochlear or intra-labyrinthine injection. To improve the stability of the biomacromolecules during treatment, e.g., RNAs, DNAs, proteins, additional packing vehicles are often required. To address the diverse range of biological barriers involved in inner ear drug delivery, each class of therapy and the intended therapeutic cargoes will be discussed in this review, in the context of delivery routes commonly used, delivery vehicles if required (e.g., viral and non-viral nanocarriers), and other strategies to improve drug permeation and sustained release (e.g., hydrogel, nanocarriers, permeation enhancers, and microfluidic systems). Overall, this review aims to capture the important advancements and key steps in the development of inner ear therapies and delivery strategies over the past two decades for the treatment and prophylaxis of sensorineural hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie S. Liu
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Rong Yang
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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50
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Maudoux A, Vitry S, El-Amraoui A. Vestibular Deficits in Deafness: Clinical Presentation, Animal Modeling, and Treatment Solutions. Front Neurol 2022; 13:816534. [PMID: 35444606 PMCID: PMC9013928 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.816534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner ear is responsible for both hearing and balance. These functions are dependent on the correct functioning of mechanosensitive hair cells, which convert sound- and motion-induced stimuli into electrical signals conveyed to the brain. During evolution of the inner ear, the major changes occurred in the hearing organ, whereas the structure of the vestibular organs remained constant in all vertebrates over the same period. Vestibular deficits are highly prevalent in humans, due to multiple intersecting causes: genetics, environmental factors, ototoxic drugs, infections and aging. Studies of deafness genes associated with balance deficits and their corresponding animal models have shed light on the development and function of these two sensory systems. Bilateral vestibular deficits often impair individual postural control, gaze stabilization, locomotion and spatial orientation. The resulting dizziness, vertigo, and/or falls (frequent in elderly populations) greatly affect patient quality of life. In the absence of treatment, prosthetic devices, such as vestibular implants, providing information about the direction, amplitude and velocity of body movements, are being developed and have given promising results in animal models and humans. Novel methods and techniques have led to major progress in gene therapies targeting the inner ear (gene supplementation and gene editing), 3D inner ear organoids and reprograming protocols for generating hair cell-like cells. These rapid advances in multiscale approaches covering basic research, clinical diagnostics and therapies are fostering interdisciplinary research to develop personalized treatments for vestibular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Maudoux
- Unit Progressive Sensory Disorders, Pathophysiology and Therapy, Institut Pasteur, Institut de l'Audition, Université de Paris, INSERM-UMRS1120, Paris, France.,Center for Balance Evaluation in Children (EFEE), Otolaryngology Department, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Vitry
- Unit Progressive Sensory Disorders, Pathophysiology and Therapy, Institut Pasteur, Institut de l'Audition, Université de Paris, INSERM-UMRS1120, Paris, France
| | - Aziz El-Amraoui
- Unit Progressive Sensory Disorders, Pathophysiology and Therapy, Institut Pasteur, Institut de l'Audition, Université de Paris, INSERM-UMRS1120, Paris, France
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