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Bollineni RK, Sayed Ahmed M, Shahab S, Mirzaeifar R. Nacre-like block lattice metamaterials with targeted phononic band gap and mechanical properties. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 154:106511. [PMID: 38518512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The extraordinary quasi-static mechanical properties of nacre-like composite metamaterials, such as high specific strength, stiffness, and toughness, are due to the periodic arrangement of two distinct phases in a "brick and mortar" structure. It is also theorized that the hierarchical periodic structure of nacre structures can provide wider band gaps at different frequency scales. However, the function of hierarchy in the dynamic behavior of metamaterials is largely unknown, and most current investigations are focused on a single objective and specialized applications. Nature, on the other hand, appears to develop systems that represent a trade-off between multiple objectives, such as stiffness, fatigue resistance, and wave attenuation. Given the wide range of design options available to these systems, a multidisciplinary strategy combining diverse objectives may be a useful opportunity provided by bioinspired artificial systems. This paper describes a class of hierarchically-architected block lattice metamaterials with simultaneous wave filtering and enhanced mechanical properties, using deep learning based on artificial neural networks (ANN), to overcome the shortcomings of traditional design methods for forward prediction, parameter design, and topology design of block lattice metamaterial. Our approach uses ANN to efficiently describe the complicated interactions between nacre geometry and its attributes, and then use the Bayesian optimization technique to determine the optimal geometry constants that match the given fitness requirements. We numerically demonstrate that complete band gaps, that is attributed to the coupling effects of local resonances and Bragg scattering, exist. The coupling effects are naturally influenced by the topological arrangements of the continuous structures and the mechanical characteristics of the component phases. We also demonstrate how we can tune the frequency of the complete band gap by modifying the geometrical configurations and volume fraction distribution of the metamaterials. This research contributes to the development of mechanically robust block lattice metamaterials and lenses capable of controlling acoustic and elastic waves in hostile settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shima Shahab
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Reza Mirzaeifar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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Patadiya J, Wang X, Joshi G, Kandasubramanian B, Naebe M. 3D-Printed Biomimetic Hierarchical Nacre Architecture: Fracture Behavior and Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18449-18461. [PMID: 37273619 PMCID: PMC10233667 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nacreous architecture has a good combination of toughness and modulus, which can be mimicked at the micron to submicron level using 3D printing to resolve the demand in numerous applications such as automobile, aerospace, and protection equipment. The present study examines the fabrication of two nacre structures, a nacre columnar (NC) and a nacre sheet (NS), and a pristine structure via fused deposition modeling (FDM) and explores their mechanically superior stacking structure, mechanism of failure, crack propagation, and energy dissipation. The examination reveals that the nacre structure has significant mechanical properties compared to a neat sample. Additionally, NS has 112.098 J/m impact resistance (9.37% improvement), 803.415 MPa elastic modulus (11.23% improvement), and 1563 MPa flexural modulus (10.85% improvement), which are all higher than those of the NC arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigar Patadiya
- Institute
for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
- Additive
Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials
Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced
Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Xungai Wang
- JC
STEM Lab of Sustainable Fibers and Textiles, School of Fashion and
Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ganapati Joshi
- Additive
Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials
Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced
Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Additive
Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials
Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced
Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Institute
for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
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De Mori A, Alasa UJ, Mühlhölzl A, Blunn G. Slipper Limpet ( Crepidula fornicata) Shells Support In Vitro Osteogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040248. [PMID: 37103387 PMCID: PMC10142914 DOI: 10.3390/md21040248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate a cost-effective alternative to man-made calcium phosphate ceramics for treating bone defects. The slipper limpet is an invasive species in European coastal waters, and its shells composed of calcium carbonate could potentially be a cost-effective source of bone graft substitutes. This research analyzed the mantle of the slipper limpet (Crepidula fornicata) shells to enhance in vitro bone formation. Discs machined from the mantle of C. fornicata were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray crystallography (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and profilometry. Calcium release and bioactivity were also studied. Cell attachment, proliferation, and osteoblastic differentiation (RT-qPCR and alkaline phosphatase activity) were measured in human adipose-derived stem cells grown on the mantle surface. The mantle material was mainly composed of aragonite and showed a sustained Ca2+ release at physiological pH. In addition, apatite formation was observed in simulated body fluid after three weeks, and the materials supported osteoblastic differentiation. Overall, our findings suggest the mantle of C. fornicata shows potential as a material for fabricating bone graft substitutes and structural biomaterials for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna De Mori
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St. Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Umoru Junior Alasa
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St. Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Alex Mühlhölzl
- Mikota Ltd., Pembroke Dock, Pembrokeshire, Wales SA72 6AE, UK
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St. Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
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Wang S, Wang J, Komvopoulos K. Mechanical Behavior of Bamboo-Like Structures under Transversal Compressive Loading. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010103. [PMID: 36975333 PMCID: PMC10046010 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by many biological structures in nature, biomimetic structures demonstrate significantly better mechanical performance than traditional engineering structures. The exceptional mechanical properties of natural materials are attributed to the hierarchical architecture of their structure. Consequently, the implementation of biomimetic structures in the design of lightweight structures with tailored mechanical properties has been constantly increasing in many fields of science and engineering. The bamboo structure is of particular interest because it combines a light weight and excellent mechanical properties, often surpassing those of several engineering materials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mechanical behavior of bamboo-inspired structures subjected to transversal compressive loading. Structures consisting of bamboo-like thin-walled hexagonal building blocks (unit cells) with different dimensions were fabricated by stereolithography 3D printing and their mechanical performance was evaluated by mechanical testing, high-speed camera video recordings, and finite element simulations. The results of the elastic modulus, yield strength, and strain energy density at fracture were interpreted in terms of characteristic dimensions of the unit cell structure. The failure process was elucidated in the light of images of the fractured structures and simulation strain maps. The results of this study demonstrate that ultralight bamboo-like structures with specific mechanical characteristics can be produced by optimizing the dimensions and number density of the hexagonal unit cell.
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Olson E, Liu F, Blisko J, Li Y, Tsyrenova A, Mort R, Vorst K, Curtzwiler G, Yong X, Jiang S. Self-assembly in biobased nanocomposites for multifunctionality and improved performance. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4321-4348. [PMID: 36133470 PMCID: PMC9418702 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00391g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Concerns of petroleum dependence and environmental pollution prompt an urgent need for new sustainable approaches in developing polymeric products. Biobased polymers provide a potential solution, and biobased nanocomposites further enhance the performance and functionality of biobased polymers. Here we summarize the unique challenges and review recent progress in this field with an emphasis on self-assembly of inorganic nanoparticles. The conventional wisdom is to fully disperse nanoparticles in the polymer matrix to optimize the performance. However, self-assembly of the nanoparticles into clusters, networks, and layered structures provides an opportunity to address performance challenges and create new functionality in biobased polymers. We introduce basic assembly principles through both blending and in situ synthesis, and identify key technologies that benefit from the nanoparticle assembly in the polymer matrix. The fundamental forces and biobased polymer conformations are discussed in detail to correlate the nanoscale interactions and morphology with the macroscale properties. Different types of nanoparticles, their assembly structures and corresponding applications are surveyed. Through this review we hope to inspire the community to consider utilizing self-assembly to elevate functionality and performance of biobased materials. Development in this area sets the foundation for a new era of designing sustainable polymers in many applications including packaging, construction chemicals, adhesives, foams, coatings, personal care products, and advanced manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Olson
- Mateirals Science and Engineering, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Polymer and Food Protection Consortium, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Mateirals Science and Engineering, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Jonathan Blisko
- Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University Binghamton NY 13902 USA
| | - Yifan Li
- Mateirals Science and Engineering, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Ayuna Tsyrenova
- Mateirals Science and Engineering, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Rebecca Mort
- Mateirals Science and Engineering, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Polymer and Food Protection Consortium, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Keith Vorst
- Polymer and Food Protection Consortium, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Greg Curtzwiler
- Polymer and Food Protection Consortium, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Xin Yong
- Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University Binghamton NY 13902 USA
| | - Shan Jiang
- Mateirals Science and Engineering, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Polymer and Food Protection Consortium, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
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