1
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Iwasaki N, Roldo M, Karali A, Blunn G. In vitro development of a muscle-tendon junction construct using decellularised extracellular matrix: Effect of cyclic tensile loading. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213873. [PMID: 38692180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The muscle tendon junction (MTJ) plays a crucial role in transmitting the force generated by muscles to the tendon and then to the bone. Injuries such as tears and strains frequently happen at the MTJ, where the regenerative process is limited due to poor vascularization and the complex structure of the tissue. Current solutions for a complete tear at the MTJ have not been successful and therefore, the development of a tissue-engineered MTJ may provide a more effective treatment. In this study, decellularised extracellular matrix (DECM) derived from sheep MTJ was used to provide a scaffold for the MTJ with the relevant mechanical properties and differentiation cues such as the relase of growth factors. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were seeded on DECM and 10 % cyclic strain was applied using a bioreactor. MSCs cultured on DECM showed significantly higher gene and protein expression of MTJ markers such as collagen 22, paxillin and talin, than MSCs in 2D culture. Although collagen 22 protein expression was higher in the cells with strain than without strain, reduced gene expression of other MTJ markers was observed when the strain was applied. DECM combined with 10 % strain enhanced myogenic differentiation, while tenogenic differentiation was reduced when compared to static cultures of MSCs on DECM. For the first time, these results showed that DECM derived from the MTJ can induce MTJ marker gene and protein expression by MSCs, however, the effect of strain on the MTJ development in DECM culture needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nodoka Iwasaki
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Aikaterina Karali
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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2
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Zheng Z, Tang W, Li Y, Ai Y, Tu Z, Yang J, Fan C. Advancing cardiac regeneration through 3D bioprinting: methods, applications, and future directions. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:599-613. [PMID: 37943420 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a paramount global mortality concern, and their prevalence is on a relentless ascent. Despite the effectiveness of contemporary medical interventions in mitigating CVD-related fatality rates and complications, their efficacy remains curtailed by an array of limitations. These include the suboptimal efficiency of direct cell injection and an inherent disequilibrium between the demand and availability of heart transplantations. Consequently, the imperative to formulate innovative strategies for cardiac regeneration therapy becomes unmistakable. Within this context, 3D bioprinting technology emerges as a vanguard contender, occupying a pivotal niche in the realm of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This state-of-the-art methodology holds the potential to fabricate intricate heart tissues endowed with multifaceted structures and functionalities, thereby engendering substantial promise. By harnessing the prowess of 3D bioprinting, it becomes plausible to synthesize functional cardiac architectures seamlessly enmeshed with the host tissue, affording a viable avenue for the restitution of infarcted domains and, by extension, mitigating the onerous yoke of CVDs. In this review, we encapsulate the myriad applications of 3D bioprinting technology in the domain of heart tissue regeneration. Furthermore, we usher in the latest advancements in printing methodologies and bioinks, culminating in an exploration of the extant challenges and the vista of possibilities inherent to a diverse array of approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Weijie Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yinze Ai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Zhi Tu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China.
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3
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Qiao S, Peijie T, Nan J. Crosslinking strategies of decellularized extracellular matrix in tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:640-671. [PMID: 37990863 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
By removing the immunogenic cellular components through various decellularization methods, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is considered a promising material in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine with highly preserved physicochemical properties and superior biocompatibility. However, decellularization treatment can lead to some loss of structural integrity, mechanical strength, degradation stability, and biological performance of dECM biomaterials. Therefore, physical and chemical crosslinking methods are preferred to restore or even improve the biomechanical properties, stability, and bioactivity, and to achieve a delicate balance between degradation of the implanted biomaterial and regeneration of the host tissue. This review provides an overview of dECM biomaterials, and describes and compares the mechanisms and characteristics of commonly used crosslinking methods for dECM, with a focus on the potential applications of versatile dECM-based biomaterials derived from skin, cardiac tissues (pericardium, heart valves, myocardial tissue), blood vessels, liver, and kidney, modified with different chemical crosslinking reagents, in tissue and organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases/National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tan Peijie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases/National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiang Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases/National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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4
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de Melo LF, Almeida GHDR, Azarias FR, Carreira ACO, Astolfi-Ferreira C, Ferreira AJP, Pereira EDSBM, Pomini KT, Marques de Castro MV, Silva LMD, Maria DA, Rici REG. Decellularized Bovine Skeletal Muscle Scaffolds: Structural Characterization and Preliminary Cytocompatibility Evaluation. Cells 2024; 13:688. [PMID: 38667303 PMCID: PMC11048772 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle degeneration is responsible for major mobility complications, and this muscle type has little regenerative capacity. Several biomaterials have been proposed to induce muscle regeneration and function restoration. Decellularized scaffolds present biological properties that allow efficient cell culture, providing a suitable microenvironment for artificial construct development and being an alternative for in vitro muscle culture. For translational purposes, biomaterials derived from large animals are an interesting and unexplored source for muscle scaffold production. Therefore, this study aimed to produce and characterize bovine muscle scaffolds to be applied to muscle cell 3D cultures. Bovine muscle fragments were immersed in decellularizing solutions for 7 days. Decellularization efficiency, structure, composition, and three-dimensionality were evaluated. Bovine fetal myoblasts were cultured on the scaffolds for 10 days to attest cytocompatibility. Decellularization was confirmed by DAPI staining and DNA quantification. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis attested to the preservation of main ECM components. SEM analysis demonstrated that the 3D structure was maintained. In addition, after 10 days, fetal myoblasts were able to adhere and proliferate on the scaffolds, attesting to their cytocompatibility. These data, even preliminary, infer that generated bovine muscular scaffolds were well structured, with preserved composition and allowed cell culture. This study demonstrated that biomaterials derived from bovine muscle could be used in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Félix de Melo
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (L.F.d.M.); (A.C.O.C.); (R.E.G.R.)
| | | | - Felipe Rici Azarias
- Graduate Program of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil;
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (L.F.d.M.); (A.C.O.C.); (R.E.G.R.)
- Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-170, Brazil
| | - Claudete Astolfi-Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (C.A.-F.); (A.J.P.F.)
| | - Antônio José Piantino Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (C.A.-F.); (A.J.P.F.)
| | - Eliana de Souza Bastos Mazuqueli Pereira
- Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil; (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (L.M.D.S.)
| | - Karina Torres Pomini
- Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil; (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (L.M.D.S.)
| | - Marcela Vialogo Marques de Castro
- Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil; (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (L.M.D.S.)
| | - Laira Mireli Dias Silva
- Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil; (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (L.M.D.S.)
| | | | - Rose Eli Grassi Rici
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (L.F.d.M.); (A.C.O.C.); (R.E.G.R.)
- Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil; (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (L.M.D.S.)
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5
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Das S, Jegadeesan JT, Basu B. Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA)-Based Biomaterial Inks: Process Science for 3D/4D Printing and Current Status. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2156-2221. [PMID: 38507816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering for injured tissue replacement and regeneration has been a subject of investigation over the last 30 years, and there has been considerable interest in using additive manufacturing to achieve these goals. Despite such efforts, many key questions remain unanswered, particularly in the area of biomaterial selection for these applications as well as quantitative understanding of the process science. The strategic utilization of biological macromolecules provides a versatile approach to meet diverse requirements in 3D printing, such as printability, buildability, and biocompatibility. These molecules play a pivotal role in both physical and chemical cross-linking processes throughout the biofabrication, contributing significantly to the overall success of the 3D printing process. Among the several bioprintable materials, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) has been widely utilized for diverse tissue engineering applications, with some degree of success. In this context, this review will discuss the key bioengineering approaches to identify the gelation and cross-linking strategies that are appropriate to control the rheology, printability, and buildability of biomaterial inks. This review will focus on the GelMA as the structural (scaffold) biomaterial for different tissues and as a potential carrier vehicle for the transport of living cells as well as their maintenance and viability in the physiological system. Recognizing the importance of printability toward shape fidelity and biophysical properties, a major focus in this review has been to discuss the qualitative and quantitative impact of the key factors, including microrheological, viscoelastic, gelation, shear thinning properties of biomaterial inks, and printing parameters, in particular, reference to 3D extrusion printing of GelMA-based biomaterial inks. Specifically, we emphasize the different possibilities to regulate mechanical, swelling, biodegradation, and cellular functionalities of GelMA-based bio(material) inks, by hybridization techniques, including different synthetic and natural biopolymers, inorganic nanofillers, and microcarriers. At the close, the potential possibility of the integration of experimental data sets and artificial intelligence/machine learning approaches is emphasized to predict the printability, shape fidelity, or biophysical properties of GelMA bio(material) inks for clinically relevant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Das
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
| | | | - Bikramjit Basu
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
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6
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Wang Z, Liang W, Wang G, Wu H, Dang W, Zhen Y, An Y. Construction Form and Application of Three-Dimensional Bioprinting Ink Containing Hydroxyapatite. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38569169 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of bone tissue diseases, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting applied to bone tissue engineering for treatment has received a lot of interests in recent years. The research and popularization of 3D bioprinting in bone tissue engineering require bioinks with good performance, which is closely related to ideal material and appropriate construction form. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the inorganic component of natural bone and has been widely used in bone tissue engineering and other fields due to its good biological and physicochemical properties. Previous studies have prepared different bioinks containing HAp and evaluated their properties in various aspects. Most bioinks showed significant improvement in terms of rheology and biocompatibility; however, not all of them had sufficiently favorable mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity. The deficiencies in properties of bioink and 3D bioprinting technology limited the applications of bioinks containing HAp in clinical trials. This review article summarizes the construction forms of bioinks containing HAp and its modifications in previous studies, as well as the 3D bioprinting techniques adopted to print bioink containing HAp. In addition, this article summarizes the advantages and underlying mechanisms of bioink containing HAp, as well as its limitations, and suggests possible improvement to facilitate the development of bone tissue engineering bioinks containing HAp in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimo Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhuier Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huiting Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wanwen Dang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghuan Zhen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Chen ZH, Zhao K, Mu YD, Li KL, Yuan ZM, Liu ZG, Han L, Lü WD. Acellular embryoid body and hydroxybutyl chitosan composite hydrogels promote M2 macrophage polarization and accelerate diabetic cutaneous wound healing. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100975. [PMID: 38322662 PMCID: PMC10846410 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic wound healing is delayed due to persistent inflammation, and macrophage-immunomodulating biomaterials can control the inflammatory phase and shorten the healing time. In this study, acellular embryoid bodies (aEBs) were prepared and mixed with thermosensitive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC) hydrogels to produce aEB/HBC composite hydrogels. The aEB/HBC composite hydrogels exhibited reversible temperature-sensitive phase transition behavior and a hybrid porous network. In vitro analysis showed that the aEB/HBC composite hydrogels exhibited better antimicrobial activity than the PBS control, aEBs or HBC hydrogels and promoted M0 to M2 polarization but not M1 to M2 macrophage repolarization in culture. The in vivo results showed that the aEB/HBC composite hydrogels accelerated cutaneous wound closure, re-epithelialization, ingrowth of new blood vessels, and collagen deposition and reduced the scar width during wound healing in diabetic mice over time. Macrophage phenotype analysis showed that the aEB/HBC composite hydrogels induce M2 macrophage reactions continually, upregulate M2-related mRNA and protein expression and downregulate M1-related mRNA and protein expression. Therefore, the aEB/HBC composite hydrogels have excellent antimicrobial activity, promote M2 macrophage polarization and accelerate the functional and structural healing of diabetic cutaneous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Northwestern University School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Chen
- Oncology Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yu-Dong Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Kun-Long Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Zhi-Min Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Le Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Wei-Dong Lü
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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Lisan RA, Mahyudin F, Edward M, Buwana DS. Role of preservation methods using deep-freezing and liquid nitrogen in bone allograft characteristics: An in vitro study. NARRA J 2024; 4:e757. [PMID: 38798850 PMCID: PMC11125383 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Bone grafting has emerged as a key solution in bone defect management such as allograft, graft of bone from another individual. However, bone allografts usually undergo rigorous preparation to eliminate immune-triggering elements. The deep-freezing methods may delay graft use, while cryopreservation using liquid nitrogen allows rapid freezing but may alter graft characteristics. The aim of this study was to investigate the post-preservation changes in bone allograft characteristics and to compare the effectiveness of deep-freezing and liquid nitrogen methods using animal model. An experimental study using a post-test only control group design was conducted. Fresh-frozen femoral cortical bone was obtained from male New Zealand white rabbits. Preservation by deep-freezing involved placing bone samples in a -80°C freezer for 30 days. For liquid nitrogen preservation, bone grafts were immersed in liquid nitrogen for 20 min, followed by a 15-min rest at room temperature and a final immersion in 0.9% sodium chloride at 30°C for 15 min. Bone samples then underwent evaluation of cell viability, compression, and bending tests. Cell viability test employed the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the compression and bending tests used the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Independent Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the methods as appropriate. Our study found that the use of deep-freezing and liquid nitrogen resulted in similar outcomes for cell viability, compression, and bending tests, with p-values of 0.302, 0.745, and 0.512, respectively. Further exploration with larger sample sizes may help to optimize the methods for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizal A. Lisan
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ferdiansyah Mahyudin
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mouli Edward
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dewan S. Buwana
- General Practitioner, Bajawa General Hospital, Ngada, Indonesia
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Hao L, Khajouei F, Rodriguez J, Kim S, Lee EJA. Unlocking the Promise of Decellularized Pancreatic Tissue: A Novel Approach to Support Angiogenesis in Engineered Tissue. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:183. [PMID: 38391669 PMCID: PMC10886056 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Advancements in regenerative medicine have highlighted the potential of decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) as a scaffold for organ bioengineering. Although the potential of ECM in major organ systems is well-recognized, studies focusing on the angiogenic effects of pancreatic ECM are limited. This study investigates the capabilities of pancreatic ECM, particularly its role in promoting angiogenesis. Using a Triton-X-100 solution, porcine pancreas was successfully decellularized, resulting in a significant reduction in DNA content (97.1% removal) while preserving key pancreatic ECM components. A three-dimensional ECM hydrogel was then created from this decellularized tissue and used for cell culture. Biocompatibility tests demonstrated enhanced adhesion and proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cells (mES-ECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in this hydrogel compared to conventional scaffolds. The angiogenic potential was evaluated through tube formation assays, wherein the cells showed superior tube formation capabilities in ECM hydrogel compared to rat tail collagen. The RT-PCR analysis further confirmed the upregulation of pro-angiogenic genes in HUVECs cultured within the ECM hydrogel. Specifically, HUVECs cultured in the ECM hydrogel exhibited a significant upregulation in the expression of MMP2, VEGF and PAR-1, compared to those cultured in collagen hydrogel or in a monolayer condition. The identification of ECM proteins, specifically PRSS2 and Decorin, further supports the efficacy of pancreatic ECM hydrogel as an angiogenic scaffold. These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of pancreatic ECM hydrogel as a candidate for vascularized tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Fariba Khajouei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Jaselin Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Soojin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Eun Jung A Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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10
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Golebiowska AA, Intravaia JT, Sathe VM, Kumbar SG, Nukavarapu SP. Decellularized extracellular matrix biomaterials for regenerative therapies: Advances, challenges and clinical prospects. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:98-123. [PMID: 37927899 PMCID: PMC10622743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have shown potential in the repair and regeneration of tissues and organs via the use of engineered biomaterials and scaffolds. However, current constructs face limitations in replicating the intricate native microenvironment and achieving optimal regenerative capacity and functional recovery. To address these challenges, the utilization of decellularized tissues and cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) has emerged as a promising approach. These biocompatible and bioactive biomaterials can be engineered into porous scaffolds and grafts that mimic the structural and compositional aspects of the native tissue or organ microenvironment, both in vitro and in vivo. Bioactive dECM materials provide a unique tissue-specific microenvironment that can regulate and guide cellular processes, thereby enhancing regenerative therapies. In this review, we explore the emerging frontiers of decellularized tissue-derived and cell-derived biomaterials and bio-inks in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We discuss the need for further improvements in decellularization methods and techniques to retain structural, biological, and physicochemical characteristics of the dECM products in a way to mimic native tissues and organs. This article underscores the potential of dECM biomaterials to stimulate in situ tissue repair through chemotactic effects for the development of growth factor and cell-free tissue engineering strategies. The article also identifies the challenges and opportunities in developing sterilization and preservation methods applicable for decellularized biomaterials and grafts and their translation into clinical products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathon T. Intravaia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Vinayak M. Sathe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Syam P. Nukavarapu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
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11
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Anjum S, Li T, Saeed M, Ao Q. Exploring polysaccharide and protein-enriched decellularized matrix scaffolds for tendon and ligament repair: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127891. [PMID: 37931866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) has become a primary research topic for the treatment of diseased or damaged tendon/ligament (T/L) tissue. T/L injuries pose a severe clinical burden worldwide, necessitating the development of effective strategies for T/L repair and tissue regeneration. TE has emerged as a promising strategy for restoring T/L function using decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based scaffolds. dECM scaffolds have gained significant prominence because of their native structure, relatively high bioactivity, low immunogenicity, and ability to function as scaffolds for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, which are difficult to imitate using synthetic materials. Here, we review the recent advances and possible future prospects for the advancement of dECM scaffolds for T/L tissue regeneration. We focus on crucial scaffold properties and functions, as well as various engineering strategies employed for biomaterial design in T/L regeneration. dECM provides both the physical and mechanical microenvironments required by cells to survive and proliferate. Various decellularization methods and sources of allogeneic and xenogeneic dECM in T/L repair and regeneration are critically discussed. Additionally, dECM hydrogels, bio-inks in 3D bioprinting, and nanofibers are briefly explored. Understanding the opportunities and challenges associated with dECM-based scaffold development is crucial for advancing T/L repairs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Anjum
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Mohammad Saeed
- Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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12
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Ghosh S, Pati F. Decellularized extracellular matrix and silk fibroin-based hybrid biomaterials: A comprehensive review on fabrication techniques and tissue-specific applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127410. [PMID: 37844823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials play a fundamental role in tissue engineering by providing biochemical and physical cues that influence cellular fate and matrix development. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) as a biomaterial is distinguished by its abundant composition of matrix proteins, such as collagen, elastin, fibronectin, and laminin, as well as glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans. However, the mechanical properties of only dECM-based constructs may not always meet tissue-specific requirements. Recent advancements address this challenge by utilizing hybrid biomaterials that harness the strengths of silk fibroin (SF), which contributes the necessary mechanical properties, while dECM provides essential cellular cues for in vitro studies and tissue regeneration. This review discusses emerging trends in developing such biopolymer blends, aiming to synergistically combine the advantages of SF and dECM through optimal concentrations and desired cross-linking density. We focus on different fabrication techniques and cross-linking methods that have been utilized to fabricate various tissue-engineered hybrid constructs. Furthermore, we survey recent applications of such biomaterials for the regeneration of various tissues, including bone, cartilage, trachea, bladder, vascular graft, heart, skin, liver, and other soft tissues. Finally, the trajectory and prospects of the constructs derived from this blend in the tissue engineering field have been summarized, highlighting their potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Ghosh
- BioFab Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Falguni Pati
- BioFab Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India.
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13
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Liang J, Zhao J, Chen Y, Li B, Li Y, Lu F, Dong Z. New Insights and Advanced Strategies for In Vitro Construction of Vascularized Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:692-709. [PMID: 37409413 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate vascularization is a significant barrier to clinical application of large-volume tissue engineered grafts. In contrast to in vivo vascularization, in vitro prevascularization shortens the time required for host vessels to grow into the graft core and minimizes necrosis in the core region of the graft. However, the challenge of prevascularization is to construct hierarchical perfusable vascular networks, increase graft volume, and form a vascular tip that can anastomose with host vessels. Understanding advances in in vitro prevascularization techniques and new insights into angiogenesis could overcome these obstacles. In the present review, we discuss new perspectives on angiogenesis, the differences between in vivo and in vitro tissue vascularization, the four elements of prevascularized constructs, recent advances in perfusion-based in vitro prevascularized tissue fabrication, and prospects for large-volume prevascularized tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancong Liang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Shan J, Chen X, Cui H, Wen G, Yu Y. Decellularized diseased tissues: current state-of-the-art and future directions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e399. [PMID: 38020712 PMCID: PMC10661834 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Decellularized matrices derived from diseased tissues/organs have evolved in the most recent years, providing novel research perspectives for understanding disease occurrence and progression and providing accurate pseudo models for developing new disease treatments. Although decellularized matrix maintaining the native composition, ultrastructure, and biomechanical characteristics of extracellular matrix (ECM), alongside intact and perfusable vascular compartments, facilitates the construction of bioengineered organ explants in vitro and promotes angiogenesis and tissue/organ regeneration in vivo, the availability of healthy tissues and organs for the preparation of decellularized ECM materials is limited. In this paper, we review the research advancements in decellularized diseased matrices. Considering that current research focuses on the matrices derived from cancers and fibrotic organs (mainly fibrotic kidney, lungs, and liver), the pathological characterizations and the applications of these diseased matrices are mainly discussed. Additionally, a contrastive analysis between the decellularized diseased matrices and decellularized healthy matrices, along with the development in vitro 3D models, is discussed in this paper. And last, we have provided the challenges and future directions in this review. Deep and comprehensive research on decellularized diseased tissues and organs will promote in-depth exploration of source materials in tissue engineering field, thus providing new ideas for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jianyang Shan
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- College of Fisheries and Life ScienceShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haomin Cui
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Gen Wen
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yaling Yu
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Microsurgery on ExtremitiesShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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15
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Correa-Araujo L, Prieto-Abello L, Lara-Bertrand A, Medina-Solano M, Guerrero L, Camacho B, Silva-Cote I. Bioengineered skin constructs based on mesenchymal stromal cells and acellular dermal matrix exposed to inflammatory microenvironment releasing growth factors involved in skin repair. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:306. [PMID: 37880776 PMCID: PMC10601120 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03535-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field of research that effectively combines stem cells and biological scaffolds to replace damaged tissues. Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (hWJ-MSCs) are essential to generate tissue constructs, due to their potent immunomodulatory effects and release of paracrine factors for tissue repair. Here, we investigated whether hWJ-MSC grown on human acellular dermal matrix (hADM) scaffolds and exposed to a proinflammatory environment maintain their ability to produce in vitro growth factors involved in skin injury repair and promote in vivo wound healing. METHODS We developed a novel method involving physicochemical and enzymatic treatment of cadaveric human skin to obtain hADM scaffold. Subsequently, skin bioengineered constructs were generated by seeding hWJ-MSCs on the hADM scaffold (construct 1) and coating it with human platelet lysate clot (hPL) (construct 2). Either construct 1 or 2 were then incubated with proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) for 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Supernatants from treated and untreated constructs and hWJ-MSCs on tissue culture plate (TCP) were collected, and concentration of the following growth factors, bFGF, EGF, HGF, PDGF, VEGF and Angiopoietin-I, was determined by immunoassay. We also asked whether hWJ-MSCs in the construct 1 have potential toward epithelial differentiation after being cultured in an epithelial induction stimulus using an air-liquid system. Immunostaining was used to analyze the synthesis of epithelial markers such as filaggrin, involucrin, plakoglobin and the mesenchymal marker vimentin. Finally, we evaluated the in vivo potential of hADM and construct 1 in a porcine full-thickness excisional wound model. RESULTS We obtained and characterized the hADM and confirmed the viability of hWJ-MSCs on the scaffold. In both constructs without proinflammatory treatment, we reported high bFGF production. In contrast, the levels of other growth factors were similar to the control (hWJ-MSC/TCP) with or without proinflammatory treatment. Except for PDGF in the stimulated group. These results indicated that the hADM scaffold maintained or enhanced the production of these bioactive molecules by hWJ-MSCs. On the other hand, increased expression of filaggrin, involucrin, and plakoglobin and decreased expression of vimentin were observed in constructs cultured in an air-liquid system. In vivo experiments demonstrated the potential of both hADM and hADM/hWJ-MSCs constructs to repair skin wounds with the formation of stratified epithelium, basement membrane and dermal papillae, improving the appearance of the repaired tissue. CONCLUSIONS hADM is viable to fabricate a tissue construct with hWJ-MSCs able to promote the in vitro synthesis of growth factors and differentiation of these cells toward epithelial lineage, as well as, promote in a full-thickness skin injury the new tissue formation. These results indicate that hADM 3D architecture and its natural composition improved or maintained the cell function supporting the potential therapeutic use of this matrix or the construct for wound repair and providing an effective tissue engineering strategy for skin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Correa-Araujo
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud - IDCBIS, Carrera 32 # 12-81, Secretaria Distrital de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Prieto-Abello
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud - IDCBIS, Carrera 32 # 12-81, Secretaria Distrital de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Lara-Bertrand
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud - IDCBIS, Carrera 32 # 12-81, Secretaria Distrital de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Martha Medina-Solano
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud - IDCBIS, Carrera 32 # 12-81, Secretaria Distrital de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Linda Guerrero
- Tissue Bank, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud - IDCBIS, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Bernardo Camacho
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud - IDCBIS, Carrera 32 # 12-81, Secretaria Distrital de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
- Tissue Bank, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud - IDCBIS, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ingrid Silva-Cote
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud - IDCBIS, Carrera 32 # 12-81, Secretaria Distrital de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.
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16
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Chen X, Fazel Anvari-Yazdi A, Duan X, Zimmerling A, Gharraei R, Sharma N, Sweilem S, Ning L. Biomaterials / bioinks and extrusion bioprinting. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:511-536. [PMID: 37435177 PMCID: PMC10331419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinks are formulations of biomaterials and living cells, sometimes with growth factors or other biomolecules, while extrusion bioprinting is an emerging technique to apply or deposit these bioinks or biomaterial solutions to create three-dimensional (3D) constructs with architectures and mechanical/biological properties that mimic those of native human tissue or organs. Printed constructs have found wide applications in tissue engineering for repairing or treating tissue/organ injuries, as well as in vitro tissue modelling for testing or validating newly developed therapeutics and vaccines prior to their use in humans. Successful printing of constructs and their subsequent applications rely on the properties of the formulated bioinks, including the rheological, mechanical, and biological properties, as well as the printing process. This article critically reviews the latest developments in bioinks and biomaterial solutions for extrusion bioprinting, focusing on bioink synthesis and characterization, as well as the influence of bioink properties on the printing process. Key issues and challenges are also discussed along with recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- X.B. Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, S7K 5A9, Saskatoon, Canada
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - A. Fazel Anvari-Yazdi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - X. Duan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - A. Zimmerling
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - R. Gharraei
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - N.K. Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, S7K 5A9, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - S. Sweilem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - L. Ning
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
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17
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Li J, He D, Hu L, Li S, Zhang C, Yin X, Zhang Z. Decellularized periosteum promotes guided bone regeneration via manipulation of macrophage polarization. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300094. [PMID: 37300523 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Periosteum has shown potential as an effective barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration (GBR). However, if recognized as a "foreign body," insertion of a barrier membrane in GBR treatment will inevitably alter the local immune microenvironment and subsequently influence bone regeneration. The aim of this investigation was to fabricate decellularized periosteum (DP) and investigate its immunomodulatory properties in GBR. DP was successfully fabricated from periosteum from the mini-pig cranium. In vitro experiments indicated that the DP scaffold modulated macrophage polarization toward a pro-regenerative M2 phenotype, which in turn facilitated migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. A rat GBR model with a cranial critical-size defect was established, and our in vivo experiment confirmed the beneficial effects of DP on the local immune microenvironment and bone regeneration. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate that the prepared DP possesses immunomodulatory properties and represents a promising barrier membrane for GBR procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongming He
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Longwei Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenping Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelai Yin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China
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Zvyagina AI, Minaychev VV, Kobyakova MI, Lomovskaya YV, Senotov AS, Pyatina KV, Akatov VS, Fadeev RS, Fadeeva IS. Soft Biomimetic Approach for the Development of Calcinosis-Resistant Glutaraldehyde-Fixed Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Surgery. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:357. [PMID: 37622962 PMCID: PMC10452421 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological aseptic calcification is the most common form of structural valvular degeneration (SVD), leading to premature failure of heart valve bioprostheses (BHVs). The processing methods used to obtain GA-fixed pericardium-based biomaterials determine the hemodynamic characteristics and durability of BHVs. This article presents a comparative study of the effects of several processing methods on the degree of damage to the ECM of GA-fixed pericardium-based biomaterials as well as on their biostability, biocompatibility, and resistance to calcification. Based on the assumption that preservation of the native ECM structure will enable the creation of calcinosis-resistant materials, this study provides a soft biomimetic approach for the manufacture of GA-fixed biomaterials using gentle decellularization and washing methods. It has been shown that the use of soft methods for preimplantation processing of materials, ensuring maximum preservation of the intactness of the pericardial ECM, radically increases the resistance of biomaterials to calcification. These obtained data are of interest for the development of new calcinosis-resistant biomaterials for the manufacture of BHVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyona I. Zvyagina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Vladislav V. Minaychev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Margarita I. Kobyakova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Yana V. Lomovskaya
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Anatoliy S. Senotov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Kira V. Pyatina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
- Pushchino State Institute of Natural Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Akatov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
- Pushchino State Institute of Natural Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Roman S. Fadeev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
- Pushchino State Institute of Natural Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Irina S. Fadeeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (V.S.A.); (R.S.F.)
- Pushchino State Institute of Natural Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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19
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Belgodere JA, Lassiter HR, Robinson JT, Hamel KM, Rogers EL, Mohiuddin OA, Zhang L, Wu X, Gimble JM, Frazier TP, Monroe WT, Sanchez CG. Biomechanical and Biological Characterization of XGel, a Human-Derived Hydrogel for Stem Cell Expansion and Tissue Engineering. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200332. [PMID: 37236203 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are 3D scaffolds used as alternatives to in vivo models for disease modeling and delivery of cells and drugs. Existing hydrogel classifications include synthetic, recombinant, chemically defined, plant- or animal-based, and tissue-derived matrices. There is a need for materials that can support both human tissue modeling and clinically relevant applications requiring stiffness tunability. Human-derived hydrogels are not only clinically relevant, but they also minimize the use of animal models for pre-clinical studies. This study aims to characterize XGel, a new human-derived hydrogel as an alternative to current murine-derived and synthetic recombinant hydrogels that features unique physiochemical, biochemical, and biological properties that support adipocyte and bone differentiation. Rheology studies determine the viscosity, stiffness, and gelation features of XGel. Quantitative studies for quality control support consistency in the protein content between lots. Proteomics studies reveal that XGel is predominantly composed of extracellular matrix proteins, including fibrillin, collagens I-VI, and fibronectin. Electron microscopy of the hydrogel provides phenotypic characteristics in terms of porosity and fiber size. The hydrogel demonstrates biocompatibility as a coating material and as a 3D scaffold for the growth of multiple cell types. The results provide insight into the biological compatibility of this human-derived hydrogel for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Belgodere
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Omair A Mohiuddin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Campus Chemical Instrument Center Proteomics Shared Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xiying Wu
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA, 70148, USA
| | | | | | - William T Monroe
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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20
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Farzamfar S, Elia E, Richer M, Chabaud S, Naji M, Bolduc S. Extracellular Matrix-Based and Electrospun Scaffolding Systems for Vaginal Reconstruction. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:790. [PMID: 37508817 PMCID: PMC10376078 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital vaginal anomalies and pelvic organ prolapse affect different age groups of women and both have significant negative impacts on patients' psychological well-being and quality of life. While surgical and non-surgical treatments are available for vaginal defects, their efficacy is limited, and they often result in long-term complications. Therefore, alternative treatment options are urgently needed. Fortunately, tissue-engineered scaffolds are promising new treatment modalities that provide an extracellular matrix (ECM)-like environment for vaginal cells to adhere, secrete ECM, and be remodeled by host cells. To this end, ECM-based scaffolds or the constructs that resemble ECM, generated by self-assembly, decellularization, or electrospinning techniques, have gained attention from both clinicians and researchers. These biomimetic scaffolds are highly similar to the native vaginal ECM and have great potential for clinical translation. This review article aims to discuss recent applications, challenges, and future perspectives of these scaffolds in vaginal reconstruction or repair strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Farzamfar
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Elissa Elia
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Megan Richer
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Naji
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1666677951, Iran
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Meșină M, Mîndrilă I, Meșină-Botoran MI, Mîndrilă LA, Pirici I. Partial Decellularization as a Method to Improve the Biocompatibility of Heart Tissue Implants. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2023; 49:351-361. [PMID: 38314222 PMCID: PMC10832876 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.49.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Increasing the biocompatibility of some biological implants through tissue engineering is important for regenerative medicine, which recently has a rapid development dynamic. In this study we used tree different washing protocols, respectively with Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), with Sodium Deoxycholate (SD), and with saline (Sa) to achieve partial decellularization of 2-3mm thick cross-sections through Wistar rat hearts. Pieces of the heart tissue were either histologically analyzed to evaluate the decellularization processes or implanted for 5 days on 9-day-old chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and then histologically analyzed to evaluate CAM-implant interactions. Histological analysis of SLS or SD washed tissues showed different microscopic features of the decellularization processes, SLS-washing leading to the formation of a completely decellularized ECM layer at the periphery of the heart tissue. Both detergents induced changes in the spatial arrangement of collagen fibers of the heart tissue. Histological analysis of the CAM implants shoved that the peripheral zone with complete decellularization induced by SLS increased the biocompatibility of heart tissue implants by favoring neovascularization and cell migration. These results suggested that the biocompatibility of the heart tissue implant can be modulated by the appropriate use of a SLS-based decellularization protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Meșină
- 1Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova
| | - Ion Mîndrilă
- 2Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova
| | | | | | - Ionica Pirici
- 2Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova
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Peng B, Du L, Zhang T, Chen J, Xu B. Research progress in decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogels for intervertebral disc degeneration. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1981-1993. [PMID: 36734099 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01862d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most common clinical disorders, low back pain (LBP) influences patient quality of life and causes substantial social and economic burdens. Many factors can result in LBP, the most common of which is intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The progression of IDD cannot be alleviated by conservative or surgical treatments, and gene therapy, growth factor therapy, and cell therapy have their own limitations. Recently, research on the use of hydrogel biomaterials for the treatment of IDD has garnered great interest, and satisfactory treatment results have been achieved. This article describes the classification of hydrogels, the methods of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) production and the various types of gel formation. The current research on dECM hydrogels for the treatment of IDD is described in detail in this article. First, an overview of the material sources, decellularization methods, and gel formation methods is given. The focus is on research performed over the last three years, which mainly consists of bovine and porcine NP tissues, while for decellularization methods, combinations of several approaches are primarily used. dECM hydrogels have significantly improved mechanical properties after the polymers are cross-linked. The main effects of these gels include induction of stem cell differentiation to intervertebral disc (IVD) cells, good mechanical properties to restore IVD height after polymer cross-linking, and slow release of exosomes. Finally, the challenges and problems still faced by dECM hydrogels for the treatment of IDD are summarised, and potential solutions are proposed. This paper is the first to summarise the research on dECM hydrogels for the treatment of IDD and aims to provide a theoretical reference for subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Peng
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Lilong Du
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, No.406, Jiefang South Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Tongxing Zhang
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, No.406, Jiefang South Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Jiangping Chen
- Liuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beizhengzhong Road, Hunan, 410399, China.
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, No.406, Jiefang South Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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23
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Khan RL, Khraibi AA, Dumée LF, Corridon PR. From waste to wealth: Repurposing slaughterhouse waste for xenotransplantation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1091554. [PMID: 36815880 PMCID: PMC9935833 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1091554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Slaughterhouses produce large quantities of biological waste, and most of these materials are underutilized. In many published reports, the possibility of repurposing this form of waste to create biomaterials, fertilizers, biogas, and feeds has been discussed. However, the employment of particular offal wastes in xenotransplantation has yet to be extensively uncovered. Overall, viable transplantable tissues and organs are scarce, and developing bioartificial components using such discarded materials may help increase their supply. This perspective manuscript explores the viability and sustainability of readily available and easily sourced slaughterhouse waste, such as blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and tracheas, as starting materials in xenotransplantation derived from decellularization technologies. The manuscript also examines the innovative use of animal stem cells derived from the excreta to create a bioartificial tissue/organ platform that can be translated to humans. Institutional and governmental regulatory approaches will also be outlined to support this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheema L. Khan
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali A. Khraibi
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ludovic F. Dumée
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Peter R. Corridon
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,*Correspondence: Peter R. Corridon,
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Biological Scaffolds for Congenital Heart Disease. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010057. [PMID: 36671629 PMCID: PMC9854830 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most predominant birth defect and can require several invasive surgeries throughout childhood. The absence of materials with growth and remodelling potential is a limitation of currently used prosthetics in cardiovascular surgery, as well as their susceptibility to calcification. The field of tissue engineering has emerged as a regenerative medicine approach aiming to develop durable scaffolds possessing the ability to grow and remodel upon implantation into the defective hearts of babies and children with CHD. Though tissue engineering has produced several synthetic scaffolds, most of them failed to be successfully translated in this life-endangering clinical scenario, and currently, biological scaffolds are the most extensively used. This review aims to thoroughly summarise the existing biological scaffolds for the treatment of paediatric CHD, categorised as homografts and xenografts, and present the preclinical and clinical studies. Fixation as well as techniques of decellularisation will be reported, highlighting the importance of these approaches for the successful implantation of biological scaffolds that avoid prosthetic rejection. Additionally, cardiac scaffolds for paediatric CHD can be implanted as acellular prostheses, or recellularised before implantation, and cellularisation techniques will be extensively discussed.
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Yu TH, Yeh TT, Su CY, Yu NY, Chen IC, Fang HW. Preparation and Characterization of Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels Derived from Acellular Cartilage Tissue. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040279. [PMID: 36547539 PMCID: PMC9788521 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized matrices can effectively reduce severe immune rejection with their cells and eliminated nucleic acid material and provide specific environments for tissue repair or tissue regeneration. In this study, we prepared acellular cartilage matrix (ACM) powder through the decellularization method and developed ACM hydrogels by physical, chemical, and enzymatic digestion methods. The results demonstrated that the small size group of ACM hydrogels exhibited better gel conditions when the concentration of ACM hydrogels was 30 and 20 mg/mL in 1N HCl through parameter adjustment. The data also confirmed that the ACM hydrogels retained the main components of cartilage: 61.18% of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and 78.29% of collagen, with 99.61% of its DNA removed compared to samples without the decellularization procedure (set as 100%). Through turbidimetric gelation kinetics, hydrogel rheological property analysis, and hydrogel tissue physical property testing, this study also revealed that increasing hydrogel concentration is helpful for gelation. Besides, the ex vivo test confirmed that a higher concentration of ACM hydrogels had good adhesive properties and could fill in cartilage defects adequately. This study offers useful information for developing and manufacturing ACM hydrogels to serve as potential alternative scaffolds for future cartilage defect treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsong-Hann Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec. 2, Chenggong Rd., Taipei 114202, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Te Yeh
- Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec. 2, Chenggong Rd., Taipei 114202, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ying Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Ni-Yin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - I-Cheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- Accelerator for Happiness and Health Industry, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (I.-C.C.); (H.-W.F.); Tel.: +886-2-2771-2171 (ext. 2521) (H.-W.F.)
| | - Hsu-Wei Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- Accelerator for Happiness and Health Industry, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (I.-C.C.); (H.-W.F.); Tel.: +886-2-2771-2171 (ext. 2521) (H.-W.F.)
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