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Huang R, Zhang P, Zhang X, Chen S, Sun J, Jiang X, Zhang D, Li H, Yi X, Qu L, Wang T, Gao K, Hall-Spencer JM, Adams J, Gao G, Lin X. Ocean acidification alters microeukaryotic and bacterial food web interactions in a eutrophic subtropical mesocosm. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119084. [PMID: 38823617 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is known to influence biological and ecological processes, mainly focusing on its impacts on single species, but little has been documented on how OA may alter plankton community interactions. Here, we conducted a mesocosm experiment with ambient (∼410 ppmv) and high (1000 ppmv) CO2 concentrations in a subtropical eutrophic region of the East China Sea and examined the community dynamics of microeukaryotes, bacterioplankton and microeukaryote-attached bacteria in the enclosed coastal seawater. The OA treatment with elevated CO2 affected taxa as the phytoplankton bloom stages progressed, with a 72.89% decrease in relative abundance of the protist Cercozoa on day 10 and a 322% increase in relative abundance of Stramenopile dominated by diatoms, accompanied by a 29.54% decrease in relative abundance of attached Alphaproteobacteria on day 28. Our study revealed that protozoans with different prey preferences had differing sensitivity to high CO2, and attached bacteria were more significantly affected by high CO2 compared to bacterioplankton. Our findings indicate that high CO2 changed the co-occurrence network complexity and stability of microeukaryotes more than those of bacteria. Furthermore, high CO2 was found to alter the proportions of potential interactions between phytoplankton and their predators, as well as microeukaryotes and their attached bacteria in the networks. The changes in the relative abundances and interactions of microeukaryotes between their predators in response to high CO2 revealed in our study suggest that high CO2 may have profound impacts on marine food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen, China
| | - Shouchang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiazhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiangqi Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Liming Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kunshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 5-10-1 Shimoda, Shizuoka 415-0025, Japan; School of Geography and Oceanography, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jonathan Adams
- School of Geography and Oceanography, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen, China.
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Flynn KJ, Mitra A. Feeding in mixoplankton enhances phototrophy increasing bloom-induced pH changes with ocean acidification. JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH 2023; 45:636-651. [PMID: 37483909 PMCID: PMC10361812 DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Plankton phototrophy consumes CO2, increasing seawater pH, while heterotrophy does the converse. Elevation of pH (>8.5) during coastal blooms becomes increasingly deleterious for plankton. Mixoplankton, which can be important bloom-formers, engage in both photoautotrophy and phagoheterotrophy; in theory, this activity could create a relatively stable pH environment for plankton growth. Using a systems biology modelling approach, we explored whether different mixoplankton functional groups could modulate the environmental pH compared to the extreme activities of phototrophic phytoplankton and heterotrophic zooplankton. Activities by most mixoplankton groups do not stabilize seawater pH. Through access to additional nutrient streams from internal recycling with phagotrophy, mixoplankton phototrophy is enhanced, elevating pH; this is especially so for constitutive and plastidic specialist non-constitutive mixoplankton. Mixoplankton blooms can exceed the size of phytoplankton blooms; the synergisms of mixoplankton physiology, accessing nutrition via phagotrophy as well as from inorganic sources, enhance or augment primary production rather than depressing it. Ocean acidification will thus enable larger coastal mixoplankton blooms to form before basification becomes detrimental. The dynamics of such bloom developments will depend on whether the mixoplankton are consuming heterotrophs and/or phototrophs and how the plankton community succession evolves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aditee Mitra
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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Wahyudi AJ, Febriani F, Triana K. Multi-temporal variability forecast of particulate organic carbon in the Indonesian seas. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:388. [PMID: 36773202 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The current global condition characterized by high levels of CO2 is altering the carbon cycle and elemental biogeochemistry, resulting in subsequent global warming, climate change, ocean acidification, and the indirect response of deoxygenation. The features of Indonesia's coastal ecosystems and continental shelf waters also contribute to spatio-temporal ocean carbon variability. For instance, the level of particulate organic carbon (POC) will change annually, and thus, over a decadal period, ocean dynamics may affect the temporal variability of POC. Motivated by such conditions, future forecasting is needed to envision the productivity of Indonesian seas by predicting vital parameters such as POC. This research aimed to forecast the temporal variability of POC in Indonesian waters. The Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) forecasting model was used by considering the lowest value of the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the mean absolute percentage error/MAPE (threshold < 10%). Using the highest correlation coefficient (threshold: 0.75), we obtained the best fit for forecasting POC temporal variability. Hindcast POC data (2002-2020/2021) was used to train the forecasting model. The result shows that forecasting of POC temporal variability can be conducted up to 2030. The validity of prediction is ensured for less than 5 years forward after 2020 with correlation coefficients of 0.65 and 0.83 for seasonal and monthly POC, respectively. The hindcast and forecast estimates of POC in the Indonesian seas show a decreasing trend. The present study emphasizes the different forecasting results obtained using the different approaches of annual versus inter-annual variability. A sustained research effort is still required to assess POC forecasting for its potential benefits in marine system monitoring and assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A'an Johan Wahyudi
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, Pasir Putih Raya 1, Ancol Timur, Jakarta, 14430, Indonesia.
| | - Febty Febriani
- Research Center for Geological Disaster, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, PUSPIPTEK Complex, South Tangerang City, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Karlina Triana
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, Pasir Putih Raya 1, Ancol Timur, Jakarta, 14430, Indonesia
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Responses of Free-Living Planktonic Bacterial Communities to Experimental Acidification and Warming. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020273. [PMID: 36838238 PMCID: PMC9963540 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change driven by human activities encompasses the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration and sea-surface temperature. Little is known regarding the synergistic effects of these phenomena on bacterial communities in oligotrophic marine ecosystems that are expected to be particularly vulnerable. Here, we studied bacterial community composition changes based on 16S rRNA sequencing at two fractions (0.1-0.2 and >0.2 μm) during a 10- day fully factorial mesocosm experiment in the eastern Mediterranean where the pH decreased by ~0.3 units and temperature increased by ~3 °C to project possible future changes in surface waters. The bacterial community experienced significant taxonomic differences driven by the combined effect of time and treatment; a community shift one day after the manipulations was noticed, followed by a similar state between all mesocosms at the third day, and mild shifts later on, which were remarkable mainly under sole acidification. The abundance of Synechococcus increased in response to warming, while the SAR11 clade immediately benefited from the combined acidification and warming. The effect of the acidification itself had a more persistent impact on community composition. This study highlights the importance of studying climate change consequences on ecosystem functioning both separately and simultaneously, considering the ambient environmental parameters.
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Simonetti S, Zupo V, Gambi MC, Luckenbach T, Corsi I. Unraveling cellular and molecular mechanisms of acid stress tolerance and resistance in marine species: New frontiers in the study of adaptation to ocean acidification. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114365. [PMID: 36435021 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the industrial revolution, fossil fuel combustion has led to a 30 %-increase of the atmospheric CO2 concentration, also increasing the ocean partial CO2 pressure. The consequent lowered surface seawater pH is termed ocean acidification (OA) and severely affects marine life on a global scale. Cellular and molecular responses of marine species to lowered seawater pH have been studied but information on the mechanisms driving the tolerance of adapted species to comparatively low seawater pH is limited. Such information may be obtained from species inhabiting sites with naturally low water pH that have evolved remarkable abilities to tolerate such conditions. This review gathers information on current knowledge about species naturally facing low water pH conditions and on cellular and molecular adaptive mechanisms enabling the species to survive under, and even benefit from, adverse pH conditions. Evidences derived from case studies on naturally acidified systems and on resistance mechanisms will guide predictions on the consequences of future adverse OA scenarios for marine biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Simonetti
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Dep.t of BluBioTech, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Dep.t of BluBioTech, Napoli, Italy.
| | | | - Till Luckenbach
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Imbalance Fault Classification Based on VMD Denoising and S-LDA for Variable-Speed Marine Current Turbine. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse9030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Marine current energy as a kind of renewable energy has gradually attracted more and more attention from many countries. However, the blade imbalance fault of marine current turbines (MCTs) will have an effect on the power production efficiency and cause damage to the MCT system. It is hard to classify the severity of an MCT blade imbalance fault under the condition of the current instability and seafloor noise. This paper proposes a fault classification method based on the combination of variational mode decomposition denoising (VMD denoising) and screening linear discriminant analysis (S-LDA). The proposed method consists of three parts. Firstly, phase demodulation of the collected stator current signal is performed by the Hilbert transform (HT) method. Then, the obtained demodulation signal is denoised by variational mode decomposition denoising (VMD denoising), and the denoised signal is analyzed by power spectral density (PSD). Finally, S-LDA is employed on the power signal to determine the severities of fault classification. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental results under different severities of blade imbalance fault. The stator current signatures of experiments with different severities of blade imbalance fault are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The fault classification accuracy is 92.04% based on the proposed method. Moreover, the experimental results verify that the influence of velocity fluctuation on fault classification can be eliminated.
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