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Chahal S, Rani P, Singh R, Joshi G, Kumar R, Kumar P, Wadhwa D, Singh D, Sindhu J. Naphthoquinone fused diazepines targeting hyperamylasemia: potential therapeutic agents for diabetes and cancer. Future Med Chem 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39301934 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2400968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Elevated levels of amylase in the blood, known as hyperamylasemia, have been correlated with diabetes and cancer. To investigate the impact of hyperamylasemia on cellular proliferation, it is imperative to design dual inhibitors targeting both α-amylase activity and cancer progression.Materials & methods: Naphthoquinone fused diazepines have been synthesized using multicomponent reaction with high Eco-score of 87 and evaluated for bio efficacy using antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition assay. A correlation between diabetes and cancer has been established via preliminary screening against A549 based lung cancer cell line at 5 μM.Results & conclusion: Compound 4b exhibited superior anti-oxidant and α-amylase inhibitory potential over butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and acarbose, respectively with uncompetitive mode of inhibition. Compounds possessing more than 50 % inhibition were then investigated for their IC50 against A549 (Lung cancer), and Breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) cells. Among all, compound 4p has been selected for further studies, as it demonstrated significant cytotoxicity, while compound 4b showed no effect on AKT gene expression but upregulated IGF-1R gene expression, suggesting a role in managing diabetes. Compound 4p exhibited the ability to decrease AKT expression and increase IGF-1R expression, indicating its potential for treating both diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Chahal
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Payal Rani
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Rajvir Singh
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Gaurav Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal (A Central) University, Srinagar, Dist. Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, VPO, Gudha, 151401, Punjab
- Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be university) University, Dehradun, 151001, India
| | - Parvin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
| | - Deepak Wadhwa
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, 127021, India
| | - Devender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Jayant Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
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Tang Z, Yu X. Analysis of Influencing Factors of Major Depression After Spinal Cord Injury. ALPHA PSYCHIATRY 2024; 25:395-400. [PMID: 39148589 PMCID: PMC11322723 DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2024.241526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the risk factors of major depressive disorder (MDD) after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Patients with SCI in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2023 were selected as the study objects. According to the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score, patients with 36~75 points were included in the major depression group, and 0~35 points were included in the non-major depression group. The general sociological characteristics (age, gender, educational level, place of residence, family economic status, payment method of medical expenses, marital status) and disease-related characteristics (course of disease, cause of injury, neurological level of injury, type of injury, degree of pain) of all patients were collected, and the items with differences were selected for logistic regression analysis to analyze the risk factors for major depression in patients with spinal cord injury. Results Totally 216 patients were enrolled in our study, including 45 patients (18.98%) had moderate-to-severe depression and 175 patients (81.02%) had non-severe depression. Univariate analysis showed that gender (χ2 = 11.865, P < .001), course of disease (χ2 = 12.967, P < .001), family economic status (χ2 = 8.610, P = .003), educational level (χ2 =15.287, P < .001), neurological level of injury (χ2 = 9.013, P = .003) and pain level (χ2 = 16.673, P < .001) were statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender [odds ratio (OR) (95 % CI) = 3.986 (1.743~9.116), P = .001], course of disease [OR (95 % CI) = 4.033 (1.818~8.947), P = .001], family economic status [OR (95 % CI) = 3.136 (1.449~6.785), P = .004], educational level [OR (95 % CI) = 4.332 (1.998~9.388), P = .000], neurological level of injury [OR (95 % CI) = 2.848 (1.414~5.734), P = .003], and pain level [OR (95 % CI) = 5.767 (2.309~14.404), P < .001] were risk factors for major depressive disorder in SCI patients. Conclusion Gender, disease duration, family economic status, education level, level of nerve injury, and pain level may be the independent risk factors of MDD incidence in patients with spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiantao First People’s Hospital, Xiantao, Hubei, China
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Iolascon G, Snichelotto F, Moretti A. An update on the pharmacotherapeutic options for complex regional pain syndrome. Expert Rev Neurother 2024; 24:177-190. [PMID: 38241139 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2024.2307490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare and painful condition that has a wide range of triggering factors, often traumatic, and can present various clinical manifestations. The lack of knowledge about the underlying mechanisms has led to numerous treatment approaches, both conservative and surgical, which work through different mechanisms of action. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors explore the key aspects of CRPS, including definition, diagnostic criteria, pitfalls, pathogenic hypotheses, and treatment strategies with a focus on pharmacotherapy. The review was based on a comprehensive search of the literature using PubMed, while also considering international guidelines for managing CRPS. EXPERT OPINION Based on the available evidence, pharmacological interventions appear to be effective in treating CRPS, especially when they target peripheral mechanisms, specifically nociceptive inflammatory pain, and when administered early in the course of the disease. However, there is still a lack of reliable evidence regarding the effects of drugs on central mechanisms of chronic pain in CRPS. In our expert opinion, drug therapy should be initiated as soon as possible, particularly in warm CRPS patient clusters, to prevent significant functional limitations, psychological distress, and negative impacts on individuals' social and economic well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Snichelotto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Grundmann O, Veltri CA, Morcos S, Smith KE, Singh D, Corazza O, Cinosi E, Martinotti G, Walsh Z, Swogger MT. Correlations of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use behavior and psychiatric conditions from a cross-sectional survey. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2023; 31:963-977. [PMID: 36634016 PMCID: PMC10336173 DOI: 10.1037/pha0000632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use has increased substantially over the past decade outside of its indigenous regions, especially for the self-treatment of psychiatric conditions. An anonymous, cross-sectional, online survey was completed by 4,945 people who use kratom (PWUK) between July 2019 and July 2020. A total of 2,296 respondents completed an extended survey that included clinical scales for measuring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive and anxiety disorders. PWUK and met criteria for ADHD, PTSD, depressive or anxiety disorders were primarily middle-aged (31-50 years), employed, college-level educated, and reported greater concurrent or prior use of kratom with cannabis, cannabidiol, and benzodiazepines. For all psychiatric conditions, PWUK reported decreased depressive and anxious moods than before kratom use. Based on this self-report study, observational and other clinical studies are warranted for kratom. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Grundmann
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, FL, 32611, U.S.A
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, 85308
| | - Charles A. Veltri
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, 85308
| | - Sara Morcos
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, 85308
| | - Kirsten E. Smith
- National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, U.S.A
| | - Darshan Singh
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia. 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ornella Corazza
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Cinosi
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, Clinical Sciences, University “G.d’Annunzio” of Chieti Pescara, Italy
| | - Zach Walsh
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, Kelowna, BC., Canada
| | - Marc T. Swogger
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Rochester, NY 14608, U.S.A
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Patterns and Trends in Pharmacological Treatment for Outpatients with Postherpetic Neuralgia in Six Major Areas of China, 2015-2019. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11050764. [PMID: 36900769 PMCID: PMC10000853 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11050764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the patterns and trends of pharmacological treatment for outpatients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in China in the period 2015-2019. Prescription data for outpatients with PHN were extracted from the database of the Hospital Prescription Analysis Program of China according to the inclusion criteria. The trends in yearly prescriptions and corresponding costs were analyzed and stratified by drug class and specific drugs. A total of 19,196 prescriptions from 49 hospitals in 6 major regions of China were included for analysis. The yearly prescriptions increased from 2534 in 2015 to 5676 in 2019 (p = 0.027), and the corresponding expenditures increased from CNY 898,618 in 2015 to CNY 2,466,238 in 2019 (p = 0.027). Gabapentin and pregabalin are the most commonly used drugs for PHN, and more than 30% of these two drugs were combined with mecobalamin. Opioids were the second most frequently prescribed drug class, and oxycodone accounted for the largest share of the cost. Topical drugs and TCAs are rarely used. The frequent use of pregabalin and gabapentin was in accordance with current guidelines; however, the use of oxycodone raised concerns about rationality and economic burden. The results of this study may benefit the allocation of medical resources and management for PHN in China and other countries.
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Saddik R, Brandán SA, Mortada S, Baydere C, Roby O, Dege N, Tighadouini S, Tahiri M, Faouzi MA, Karrouchi K. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT and antihyperglycemic activity of 9-allyl-2,3,9,10a-tetrahydrobenzo[b]cyclopenta[e][1,4]diazepin-10(1H)-one. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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