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Manzoor MA, Xu Y, Lv Z, Xu J, Shah IH, Sabir IA, Wang Y, Sun W, Liu X, Wang L, Liu R, Jiu S, Zhang C. Horticulture crop under pressure: Unraveling the impact of climate change on nutrition and fruit cracking. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120759. [PMID: 38554453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is increasingly affecting the nutritional content and structural integrity of horticultural crops, leading to challenges such as diminished fruit quality and the exacerbation of fruit cracking. This manuscript systematically explores the multifaceted impacts of these changes, with a particular focus on the nutritional quality and increased incidence of fruit cracking. An exhaustive review of current research identifies the critical role of transcription factors in mediating plant responses to climatic stressors, such as drought, temperature extremes, and saline conditions. The significance of transcription factors, including bHLH, bZIP, DOF, MDP, HD-ZIP, MYB, and ERF4, is highlighted in the development of fruit cracking, underscoring the genetic underpinnings behind stress-related phenotypic outcomes. The effectiveness of greenhouse structures in mitigating adverse climatic effects is evaluated, offering a strategic approach to sustain crop productivity amidst CO2 fluctuations and water scarcity, which are shown to influence plant physiology and lead to changes in fruit development, nutrient dynamics, and a heightened risk of cracking. Moreover, the manuscript delves into advanced breeding strategies and genetic engineering techniques, such as genome editing, to enhance crop resilience against climatic challenges. It also discusses adaptation strategies vital for sustainable horticulture, emphasizing the need to integrate novel genetic insights with controlled environment horticulture to counteract climate change's detrimental effects. The synthesis presented here underscores the urgent need for innovative breeding strategies aimed at developing resilient crop varieties that can withstand climatic uncertainty while preserving nutritional integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aamir Manzoor
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhengxin Lv
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jieming Xu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Iftikhar Hussain Shah
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Irfan Ali Sabir
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wanxia Sun
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xunju Liu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ruie Liu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Songtao Jiu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Caixi Zhang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Yadav LP, Gangadhara K, Apparao VV, Yadav V, Mishra DS, Singh AK, Rane J, Kaushik P, Janani P, Kumar R, Verma AK, Kumar S, Malhotra SK, Shekhawat N. Genetic diversity, morphological traits, quality traits and antioxidants potentiality of Coccinia grandis germplasm under rainfed semi-arid region. Sci Rep 2024; 14:868. [PMID: 38195737 PMCID: PMC10776759 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability for morphological and qualitative traits of Coccinia for development of trait specific lines at ICAR-Central Horticultural Experiment Station (CIAH-RS), Panchmahals (Godhra), Gujarat during 2020-2022. In this study, we evaluated 26 gynoecious accessions to assess the genetic divergence through principal component and cluster analysis. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications under rainfed semi-arid conditions. High values of PCV and GCV were observed for variables such as NFFP (25.13 and 22.20), PL (23.14 and 20.69), FD (24.01 and 21.46), AFW (22.98 and 20.13), NFPY (26.38 and 24.40), FYP (37.57 and 31.29), FY (35.55 and 33.20), AsC (28.65 and 27.73), Ac (24.32 and 21.06), TSS (37.23 and 35.94), DPPHL (20.71 and 20.38), FRAPL (21.08 and 20.92), TPF(20.81 and 20.45) respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for vine length (VL), internodal length (IL), number of female flowers per plant (NFFP), fruit length (FL), peduncle length (PL), fruit diameter (FD), average fruit weight (AFW), number of fruit per plant per year (NFPY), fruit yield per plant (FYP), fruit yield (FY), ascorbic acid (AsC), acidity (Ac), total soluble solids (TSS), total phenols in leaves TPL), total flavonoids in leaves TFL, CUPRAC in leaves (CUPRACL), DPPH in leaves (DPPHL), FRAP in leaves (FRAPL), Total phenols in fruits (TPF), Total flavonoids in fruits (TFF), CUPRAC in fruits (CUPRACF) and DPPH in fruits (DPPHF). The FYP exhibited a significant positive correlation with variables like VL (0.6833), IL (0.2991), NFFP (0.8107), FD (0.5245), AFW (0.6766), NFPY (0.7659), ASC (0.4611), TSS (0.5004) and TPF (0.4281). The estimates of genetic parameters revealed scope for further improvement of fruit yield by selection. Of the eight principal components, PC-I through PC-VIII had eigen values greater than 1 and it accounts 85.02% of the total variation for 26 gynoecious accessions of Ivy gourd. The eigen values of PC-I comprised 5.775% of total variation followed by PC-II (4.250%), PC-III (3.175%), PC-IV (2.588%), PC-V (1.828%), PC-VI (1.447%), PC-VII (1.179%) and PC-VIII (1.013%).The cluster VI and cluster I having highest mean values for most of traits under study. Thus, genotypes from the distinct cluster like cluster VI and I for should be used for selection of parents and varietal improvement for further breeding programme in ivy gourd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalu Prasad Yadav
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India.
| | - K Gangadhara
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - V V Apparao
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - D S Mishra
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - A K Singh
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - Jagdish Rane
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Beechwal, Bikaner, 334006, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prashant Kaushik
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125 004, Haryana, India
| | - P Janani
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Shillong, 793 009, Meghalaya, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Beechwal, Bikaner, 334006, Rajasthan, India
| | - A K Verma
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Beechwal, Bikaner, 334006, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125 004, Haryana, India
| | - S K Malhotra
- ICAR-Directorate of Knowledge Management in Agriculture, Pusa, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - Neelam Shekhawat
- ICAR-NBPGR Regional Station Jodhpur, C/o CAZRI, Jodhpur, 342003, Rajasthan, India
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Shrestha S, Niraula D, Regmi S, Basnet S, Chhetri ST, Kandel BP. Performance evaluation and genetic parameters estimation of multi-companies maize hybrids in Lamahi Dang, Nepal. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14552. [PMID: 36967871 PMCID: PMC10031456 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Selection, a basic and crucial step of breeding, can be made efficient through the estimates of genetic parameters. Ten multi-company's maize hybrids and two Nepalese maize hybrids were used as standard checks and evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance for different characters revealed significant differences for most of the characters among the genotypes used. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed to be higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all traits studied suggesting those traits interacted with the environment. The traits under study showed a wide range of heritability estimates (24%-90%). Among the characters, highest heritability and genetic advance were recorded for grain yield. Path coefficient analysis showed that the plant height, ear weight, number of kernel rows cob-1 and number of kernel row-1 and thousand kernel weight showed positive direct effect on grain yield. Ear weight and number of kernels row-1 had significant and positive correlation with grain yield. Therefore, much attention should be given to ear weight and number of kernels row-1 as these traits are helpful for indirect selection. Star 9, 10V10, and Shrestha were observed as superior and yielded higher than Rampur Hybrid 10 and Khumal Hybrid 2 in terms of grain yield.
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