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Cai FF, Blanquer A, Costa MB, Schweiger L, Sarac B, Greer AL, Schroers J, Teichert C, Nogués C, Spieckermann F, Eckert J. Hierarchical Surface Pattern on Ni-Free Ti-Based Bulk Metallic Glass to Control Cell Interactions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310364. [PMID: 38109153 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Ni-free Ti-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are exciting materials for biomedical applications because of their outstanding biocompatibility and advantageous mechanical properties. The glassy nature of BMGs allows them to be shaped and patterned via thermoplastic forming (TPF). This work demonstrates the versatility of the TPF technique to create micro- and nano-patterns and hierarchical structures on Ti40Zr10Cu34Pd14Sn2 BMG. Particularly, a hierarchical structure fabricated by a two-step TPF process integrates 400 nm hexagonal close-packed protrusions on 2.5 µm square protuberances while preserving the advantageous mechanical properties from the as-cast material state. The correlations between thermal history, structure, and mechanical properties are explored. Regarding biocompatibility, Ti40Zr10Cu34Pd14Sn2 BMGs with four surface topographies (flat, micro-patterned, nano-patterned, and hierarchical-structured surfaces) are investigated using Saos-2 cell lines. Alamar Blue assay and live/dead analysis show that all tested surfaces have good cell proliferation and viability. Patterned surfaces are observed to promote the formation of longer filopodia on the edge of the cytoskeleton, leading to star-shaped and dendritic cell morphologies compared with the flat surface. In addition to potential implant applications, TPF-patterned Ti-BMGs enable a high level of order and design flexibility on the surface topography, expanding the available toolbox for studying cell behavior on rigid and ordered surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fan Cai
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, Leoben, A-8700, Austria
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, Leoben, A-8700, Austria
| | - Andreu Blanquer
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Miguel B Costa
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Lukas Schweiger
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, Leoben, A-8700, Austria
| | - Baran Sarac
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, Leoben, A-8700, Austria
| | - A Lindsay Greer
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Jan Schroers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Christian Teichert
- Department Physics, Mechanics and Electrical Engineering, Chair of Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, Leoben, A-8700, Austria
| | - Carme Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Florian Spieckermann
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, Leoben, A-8700, Austria
| | - Jürgen Eckert
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, Leoben, A-8700, Austria
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, Leoben, A-8700, Austria
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Chen M, Zhu L, Chen Y, Dai S, Liu Q, Xue N, Li W, Wang J, Huang Y, Yang K, Shao L. Effect of Chemical Composition on the Thermoplastic Formability and Nanoindentation of Ti-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1699. [PMID: 38612212 PMCID: PMC11012960 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
A series of Ti41Zr25Be34-xNix (x = 4, 6, 8, 10 at.%) and Ti41Zr25Be34-xCux (x = 4, 6, 8 at.%) bulk metallic glasses were investigated to examine the influence of Ni and Cu content on the viscosity, thermoplastic formability, and nanoindentation of Ti-based bulk metallic glasses. The results demonstrate that Ti41Zr25Be30Ni4 and Ti41Zr25Be26Cu8 amorphous alloys have superior thermoplastic formability among the Ti41Zr25Be34-xNix and Ti41Zr25Be34-xCux amorphous alloys due to their low viscosity in the supercooled liquid region and wider supercooled liquid region. The hardness and modulus exhibit obvious variations with increasing Ni and Cu content in Ti-based bulk metallic glasses, which can be attributed to alterations in atomic density. Optimal amounts of Ni and Cu in Ti-based bulk metallic glasses enhance thermoplastic formability and mechanical properties. The influence of Ni and Cu content on the hardness of Ti-based bulk metallic glasses is discussed from the perspective of the mean atomic distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengliang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Liu Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (S.D.); (N.X.); (W.L.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yingwei Chen
- Taizhou Key Laboratory of Medical Devices and Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China; (Y.C.); (Q.L.)
| | - Sheng Dai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (S.D.); (N.X.); (W.L.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Qijie Liu
- Taizhou Key Laboratory of Medical Devices and Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China; (Y.C.); (Q.L.)
| | - Na Xue
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (S.D.); (N.X.); (W.L.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Weiwei Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (S.D.); (N.X.); (W.L.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Jinfang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (S.D.); (N.X.); (W.L.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yingqi Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (S.D.); (N.X.); (W.L.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kaice Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (S.D.); (N.X.); (W.L.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Ling Shao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (S.D.); (N.X.); (W.L.); (J.W.); (Y.H.); (K.Y.)
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Douest Y, Forrest RM, Ter-Ovanessian B, Courtois N, Tancret F, Greer AL, Chevalier J, Fabrègue D. Machine learning-guided exploration and experimental assessment of unreported compositions in the quaternary Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd biocompatible metallic glass system. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:411-421. [PMID: 38135205 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to their outstanding elastic limit, biocompatible Ti-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are candidate materials to decrease the size of medical implants and therefore reduce their invasiveness. However, the practical use of classical Ti-BMGs in medical applications is in part hindered by their high copper content: more effort is thus required to design low-copper Ti-BMGs. In this work, in line with current rise in AI-driven tools, machine learning (ML) approaches, a neural-network ML model is used to explore the glass-forming ability (GFA) of unreported low-copper compositions within the biocompatible Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd system. Two types of models are trained and compared: one based on the alloy composition only, and a second based on various features derived from the alloying elements. Contrary to expectation, the predictive power of both models in evaluating GFA is similar. The compositional space identified by ML as promising is experimentally assessed, finding unfortunately low GFA. These results indicate that the ML approach may be premature for specific composition tuning of amorphous metallic materials. We emphasise that the development of ML tools in GFA prediction requires an improvement of the dataset, in terms of homogeneity, size and GFA descriptors, which must be supported by increased reporting of high-quality experimental GFA measurements, both positive and negative. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biocompatible Ti-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are candidate materials for use in the next generation of minimally invasive dental implants where improved mechanical properties, such as high strength are required. Despite promising in vitro/vivo evaluations, implementation of alloys for practical applications is partly hindered by the presence of copper as the main alloying element. Recent studies have presented AI-guided and machine learning strategies as appealing approaches to understand and describe the glass forming ability (GFA) of BMG-forming compositions. In this work, we employ and evaluate the capacity of a machine-learning model to explore low-copper compositional spaces in the biocompatible Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd system. Our results highlight the limits of such a computational approach and suggest improvements for future designing routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Douest
- Anthogyr SAS, 2237 Avenue André Lasquin, 74700 Sallanches, France; INSA-Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 MATEIS, 20 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France.
| | - Robert M Forrest
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Benoit Ter-Ovanessian
- INSA-Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 MATEIS, 20 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Nicolas Courtois
- Anthogyr SAS, 2237 Avenue André Lasquin, 74700 Sallanches, France
| | - Franck Tancret
- Université de Nantes, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), UMR CNRS 6502, Polytech Nantes, Rue Christian Pauc, BP 50609, 44306 Nantes CEDEX 3, France
| | - A Lindsay Greer
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Jérôme Chevalier
- INSA-Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 MATEIS, 20 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Damien Fabrègue
- INSA-Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 MATEIS, 20 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
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Rezvan A, Sharifikolouei E, Lassnig A, Soprunyuk V, Gammer C, Spieckermann F, Schranz W, Najmi Z, Cochis A, Scalia AC, Rimondini L, Manfredi M, Eckert J, Sarac B. Antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility, and thermomechanical stability of Ti 40Zr 10Cu 36Pd 14 bulk metallic glass. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100378. [PMID: 36039102 PMCID: PMC9418555 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper envisions Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 bulk metallic glass as an oral implant material and evaluates its antibacterial performance in the inhabitation of oral biofilm formation in comparison with the gold standard Ti-6Al-4V implant material. Metallic glasses are superior in terms of biocorrosion and have a reduced stress shielding effect compared with their crystalline counterparts. Dynamic mechanical and thermal expansion analyses on Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 show that these materials can be thermomechanically shaped into implants. Static water contact angle measurement on samples' surface shows an increased surface wettability on the Ti-6Al-4V surface after 48 h incubation in the water while the contact angle remains constant for Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14. Further, high-resolution transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis have revealed that Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 interior is fully amorphous, while a 15 nm surface oxide is formed on its surface and assigned as copper oxide. Unlike titanium oxide formed on Ti-6Al-4V, copper oxide is hydrophobic, and its formation reduces surface wettability. Further surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of copper oxide on the surface. Metallic glasses cytocompatibility was first demonstrated towards human gingival fibroblasts, and then the antibacterial properties were verified towards the oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans responsible for oral biofilm formation. After 24 h of direct infection, metallic glasses reported a >70% reduction of bacteria viability and the number of viable colonies was reduced by ∼8 times, as shown by the colony-forming unit count. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and fluorescent images confirmed the lower surface colonization of metallic glasses in comparison with controls. Finally, oral biofilm obtained from healthy volunteers was cultivated onto specimens' surface, and proteomics was applied to study the surface property impact on species composition within the oral plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Rezvan
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Elham Sharifikolouei
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin (TO), Italy
| | - Alice Lassnig
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Viktor Soprunyuk
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Physics of Functional Materials, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Gammer
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Florian Spieckermann
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Wilfried Schranz
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Physics of Functional Materials, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ziba Najmi
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases − CAAD, Università Del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases − CAAD, Università Del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy
| | - Alessandro Calogero Scalia
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases − CAAD, Università Del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases − CAAD, Università Del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease – CAAD, Università Del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy
| | - Jürgen Eckert
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Baran Sarac
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-8700, Leoben, Austria
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5
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Biały M, Hasiak M, Łaszcz A. Review on Biocompatibility and Prospect Biomedical Applications of Novel Functional Metallic Glasses. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040245. [PMID: 36412886 PMCID: PMC9680474 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous development of novel materials for biomedical applications is resulting in an increasingly better prognosis for patients. The application of more advanced materials relates to fewer complications and a desirable higher percentage of successful treatments. New, innovative materials being considered for biomedical applications are metallic alloys with an amorphous internal structure called metallic glasses. They are currently in a dynamic phase of development both in terms of formulating new chemical compositions and testing their properties in terms of intended biocompatibility. This review article intends to synthesize the latest research results in the field of biocompatible metallic glasses to create a more coherent picture of these materials. It summarizes and discusses the most recent findings in the areas of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, in vitro cellular studies, antibacterial properties, and in vivo animal studies. Results are collected mainly for the most popular metallic glasses manufactured as thin films, coatings, and in bulk form. Considered materials include alloys based on zirconium and titanium, as well as new promising ones based on magnesium, tantalum, and palladium. From the properties of the examined metallic glasses, possible areas of application and further research directions to fill existing gaps are proposed.
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Abstract
Metallic glasses are known for their mechanical properties but lack plasticity. This could be prevented by combining them with other materials or by inducing a second phase to form a composite. These composites have enhanced thermo-physical properties. The review paper aims to outline a summary of the current research done on metallic glass and its composites. A background in the history, properties, and their applications is discussed. Recent developments in biocompatible metallic glass composites, fiber-reinforced metallic glass, ex situ and in situ, are discussed.
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7
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Building of Longitudinal Ultrasonic Assisted Turning System and Its Cutting Simulation Study on Bulk Metallic Glass. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13143131. [PMID: 32674332 PMCID: PMC7412350 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bulk metallic glass (BMG) is a new kind of material which is made by rapid condensation of alloy. With excellent properties like high strength, high hardness, corrosion resistance, BMG is increasingly applied in mold manufacturing, weapon equipment and other fields. However, BMG is also one of hard-to-machine materials, which is arduous to be processed precisely and efficiently by the means of conventional cutting. Compared with conventional cutting, ultrasonic machining has a multitude of technological advantages such as reducing the cutting force, extending the tool life, etc. In ultrasonic machining, the ultrasonic electric signal is transformed into high frequency mechanical vibration on the tool, which changes the relationship between the tool and the workpiece in the process of machining. In this study, the longitudinal ultrasonic assisted turning (LUAT) system is established for processing BMG. Its resonant frequency and vibration characteristics are first simulated by modal analysis and harmonic response analysis, and then tested by displacement testing experiments, so that the suitable frequency and the amplitude for BMG turning can be selected and verified. On this basis, the two-dimensional turning finite element model is established to study the effect of ultrasonic vibration on cutting force under different cutting speeds. The research manifest that during the BMG turning, the assistance of longitudinal ultrasonic vibration can significantly reduce the average cutting force as well as the von Mises stress when the turning speed is below the critical turning speed. In addition, the tip of the tool contacts the workpiece discontinuously during cutting process which makes the instantaneous turning force in LUAT more periodic than that in conventional turning (CT).
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Liu L, Zhang T, Liu Z, Yu C, Dong X, He L, Gao K, Zhu X, Li W, Wang C, Li P, Zhang L, Li L. Near-Net Forming Complex Shaped Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses by High Pressure Die Casting. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11112338. [PMID: 30469374 PMCID: PMC6265695 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Forming complex geometries using the casting process is a big challenge for bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), because of a lack of time of the window for shaping under the required high cooling rate. In this work, we open an approach named the “entire process vacuum high pressure die casting” (EPV-HPDC), which delivers the ability to fill die with molten metal in milliseconds, and create solidification under high pressure. Based on this process, various Zr-based BMGs were prepared by using industrial grade raw material. The results indicate that the EPV-HPDC process is feasible to produce a glassy structure for most Zr-based BMGs, with a size of 3 mm × 10 mm and with a high strength. In addition, it has been found that EPV-HPDC process allows complex industrial BMG parts, some of which are hard to be formed by any other metal processes, to be net shaped precisely. The BMG components prepared by the EVP-HPDC process possess the advantages of dimensional accuracy, efficiency, and cost compared with the ones formed by other methods. The EVP-HPDC process paves the way for the large-scale application of BMGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lehua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China.
- Institute of Eontech New Materials Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523662, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Chunyan Yu
- College of Physics and Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Xixi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Liangju He
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Kuan Gao
- Institute of Eontech New Materials Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523662, China.
| | - Xuguang Zhu
- Institute of Eontech New Materials Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523662, China.
| | - Wenhao Li
- Institute of Eontech New Materials Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523662, China.
| | - Chengyong Wang
- Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Peijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Laichang Zhang
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.
| | - Lugee Li
- Institute of Eontech New Materials Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523662, China.
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9
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Ryltsev RE, Klumov BA, Chtchelkatchev NM, Shunyaev KY. Nucleation instability in supercooled Cu-Zr-Al glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:164502. [PMID: 30384697 DOI: 10.1063/1.5054631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Few general models representing certain classes of real glass-forming systems play a special role in computer simulations of supercooled liquid and glasses. Recently, it was shown that one of the most widely used model glassformers-the Kob-Andersen binary mixture-crystalizes in quite lengthy molecular dynamics simulations, and moreover, it is in fact a very poor glassformer at large system sizes. Thus, our understanding of crystallization stability of model glassformers is far from complete due to the fact that relatively small system sizes and short time scales have been considered so far. Here we address this issue for two embedded atom models intensively used last years in numerical studies of Cu-Zr-(Al) bulk metallic glasses. Exploring the structural evolution of Cu64.5Zr35.5 and Cu46Zr46Al8 alloys at continuous cooling and isothermal annealing, we observe that both systems nucleate in sufficiently lengthy simulations, although critical nucleation time for the latter is an order of magnitude higher than that for the former. We show that Cu64.5Zr35.5 is actually unstable to crystallization for large system sizes (N > 20 000). Both systems crystallize with the formation of tetrahedrally close packed Laves phases of different types. We argue that nucleation instability of the simulated Cu64.5Zr35.5 alloy is due to the fact that its composition is very close to that for the stable Cu2Zr compound with a C15 Laves phase structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Ryltsev
- Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 101 Amundsena str., Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia
| | - B A Klumov
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira str., Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - N M Chtchelkatchev
- Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 101 Amundsena str., Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia
| | - K Yu Shunyaev
- Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 101 Amundsena str., Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia
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10
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Gostin PF, Addison O, Morrell AP, Zhang Y, Cook AJMC, Liens A, Stoica M, Ignatyev K, Street SR, Wu J, Chiu YL, Davenport AJ. In Situ Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Characterization of Corrosion Products of a Ti-Based Metallic Glass for Implant Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800338. [PMID: 30221474 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ti-based bulk metallic glasses are under consideration for implants due to their high yield strength and biocompatibility. In this work, in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to investigate the corrosion products formed from corrosion of Ti40 Zr10 Cu34 Pd14 Sn2 bulk metallic glass in artificial corrosion pits in physiological saline (NaCl). It is found that Pd nanoparticles form in the interior of the pits during electrochemical dissolution. At a low pit growth potential, the change in lattice parameter of the Pd nanoparticles is consistent with the formation of palladium hydride. In addition, a salt layer very close to the dissolving interface is found to contain CuCl, PdCl2 , ZrOCl2 ∙8H2 O, Cu, Cu2 O, and several unidentified phases. The formation of Pd nanoparticles (16 ± 10 nm at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl) containing small amounts of the other alloying elements is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The addition of albumin and/or H2 O2 does not significantly influence the nature of the corrosion products. When considering the biological compatibility of the alloy, the biological reactivity of the corrosion products identified should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petre Flaviu Gostin
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Owen Addison
- School of Dentistry; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | | | - Yue Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Angus J. M. C. Cook
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Alethea Liens
- Université de Lyon; INSA-Lyon; Laboratoire MATEIS; UMR CNRS 5510; 20 Avenue Albert Einstein 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Mihai Stoica
- Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology; Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Ignatyev
- Diamond Light Source; Harwell Science and Innovation Campus; Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0DE UK
| | - Steven R. Street
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Yu-Lung Chiu
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Alison J. Davenport
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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