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Hossain MI, Khaleque MA, Ali MR, Bacchu MS, Hossain MS, Shahed SMF, Saad Aly MA, Khan MZH. Development of electrochemical sensors for quick detection of environmental (soil and water) NPK ions. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9137-9158. [PMID: 38505387 PMCID: PMC10949039 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00034j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
All over the world, technology is becoming more and more prevalent in agriculture. Different types of instruments are already being used in this sector. For the time being, every farmer is trying to produce more crops on a piece of land. Eventually, soil loses its nutrients; however, to grow more crops, farmers use more fertilizers without knowing the proper conditions of the soil in real time. To overcome this issue, many scientists have recently focused on developing electrochemical sensors to detect macronutrients, i.e., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), in soil or water rapidly. In this review, we focus mainly on the recent developments in electrochemical sensors used for the detection of nutrients (NPK) in different types of samples. As it is outlined, the use of smart and portable electrochemical sensors can be helpful for the reduction of excess fertilizer and can play a vital role in maintaining suitable conditions in soils and water. We are optimistic that this review can guide researchers in the development of a portable and suitable NPK detection system for soil nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Hossain
- Laboratory of Nano-Bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology Jashore 740S Bangladesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST) Jashore 740S Bangladesh
| | - M A Khaleque
- Laboratory of Nano-Bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology Jashore 740S Bangladesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST) Jashore 740S Bangladesh
| | - M R Ali
- Laboratory of Nano-Bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology Jashore 740S Bangladesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST) Jashore 740S Bangladesh
| | - M S Bacchu
- Laboratory of Nano-Bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology Jashore 740S Bangladesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST) Jashore 740S Bangladesh
| | - M S Hossain
- Laboratory of Nano-Bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology Jashore 740S Bangladesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST) Jashore 740S Bangladesh
| | - S M F Shahed
- Department of ChemisOy, Graduate School of Science, Tohohi University Aramah'-Aza- Aoba, Aoba-Kii Sendai 9S0S57S Japan
| | - M Aly Saad Aly
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute (GTSI), Tianjin University Shenzhen Guangdong 5ISO52 China
| | - Md Z H Khan
- Laboratory of Nano-Bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology Jashore 740S Bangladesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST) Jashore 740S Bangladesh
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Zhang H, He R, Niu Y, Han F, Li J, Zhang X, Xu F. Graphene-enabled wearable sensors for healthcare monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113777. [PMID: 34781177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors in healthcare monitoring have recently found widespread applications in biomedical fields for their non- or minimal-invasive, user-friendly and easy-accessible features. Sensing materials is one of the major challenges to achieve these superiorities of wearable sensors for healthcare monitoring, while graphene-based materials with many favorable properties have shown great efficiency in sensing various biochemical and biophysical signals. In this paper, we review state-of-the-art advances in the development and modification of graphene-based materials (i.e., graphene, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) for fabricating advanced wearable sensors with 1D (fibers), 2D (films) and 3D (foams/aerogels/hydrogels) macroscopic structures. We summarize the structural design guidelines, sensing mechanisms, applications and evolution of the graphene-based materials as wearable sensors for healthcare monitoring of biophysical signals (e.g., mechanical, thermal and electrophysiological signals) and biochemical signals from various body fluids and exhaled gases. Finally, existing challenges and future prospects are presented in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Rongyan He
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yan Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Fei Han
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Xiongwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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Wong XY, Quesada-González D, Manickam S, Muthoosamy K. Fluorescence "turn-off/turn-on" biosensing of metal ions by gold nanoclusters, folic acid and reduced graphene oxide. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1175:338745. [PMID: 34330444 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal ions homeostasis plays an important role in biological processes. The ability to detect the concentration of metal ions in biological fluids is often challenged by the obvious interference or competitive binding nature of other alkaline metals ions. Common analytical techniques employed for metal ions detection are electrochemical, fluorescence and colorimetric methods. However, most reported metal ions sensors are complicated, time-consuming and involve costly procedures with limited effectiveness. Herein, a nanobiosensor for detecting sodium and potassium ions using folic acid-functionalised reduced graphene oxide-modified RNase A gold nanoclusters (FA-rGO-RNase A/AuNCs) based on fluorescence "turn-off/turn-on" is presented. Firstly, a facile and optimised protocol for the fabrication of RNase A/AuNCs is developed. The activity of RNase A protein after the formation of RNase A/AuNCs is studied. RNase A/AuNCs is then loaded onto FA-rGO, in which FA-rGO is used as a potential carrier and fluorescence quencher for RNase A/AuNCs. Finally, a fluorescence "turn-on" sensing strategy is developed using the as-synthesised FA-rGO-RNase A/AuNCs to detect sodium and potassium ions. The developed nanobiosensor revealed an excellent sensing performance and meets the sensitivity required to detect both sodium and potassium ions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work done on determining the RNase A protein activity in RNase A/AuNCs and exploring the potential application of RNase A/AuNCs as a metal ion sensor. This work serves as a proof-of-concept for combining the potential of drug delivery, active targeting and therapy on cancer cells, as well as biosensing of metal ions into a single platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi Wong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Daniel Quesada-González
- Paperdrop Diagnostics, Av. de Can Domènech S/n, Eureka Building, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia; Nanotechnology Research Group, Centre of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia; Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Kasturi Muthoosamy
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Centre of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Cabral PD, Domingues T, Machado G, Chicharo A, Cerqueira F, Fernandes E, Athayde E, Alpuim P, Borme J. Clean-Room Lithographical Processes for the Fabrication of Graphene Biosensors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5728. [PMID: 33334060 PMCID: PMC7765539 DOI: 10.3390/ma13245728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This work is on developing clean-room processes for the fabrication of electrolyte-gate graphene field-effect transistors at the wafer scale for biosensing applications. Our fabrication process overcomes two main issues: removing surface residues after graphene patterning and the dielectric passivation of metallic contacts. A graphene residue-free transfer process is achieved by using a pre-transfer, sacrificial metallic mask that protects the entire wafer except the areas around the channel, source, and drain, onto which the graphene film is transferred and later patterned. After the dissolution of the mask, clean gate electrodes are obtained. The multilayer SiO2/SiNx dielectric passivation takes advantage of the excellent adhesion of SiO2 to graphene and the substrate materials and the superior impermeability of SiNx. It hinders native nucleation centers and breaks the propagation of defects through the layers, protecting from prolonged exposition to all common solvents found in biochemistry work, contrary to commonly used polymeric passivation. Since wet etch does not allow the required level of control over the lithographic process, a reactive ion etching process using a sacrificial metallic stopping layer is developed and used for patterning the passivation layer. The process achieves devices with high reproducibility at the wafer scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia D. Cabral
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.D.C.); (T.D.); (G.M.J.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (E.F.); (J.B.)
- Center of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Telma Domingues
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.D.C.); (T.D.); (G.M.J.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (E.F.); (J.B.)
| | - George Machado
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.D.C.); (T.D.); (G.M.J.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (E.F.); (J.B.)
| | - Alexandre Chicharo
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.D.C.); (T.D.); (G.M.J.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (E.F.); (J.B.)
| | - Fátima Cerqueira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.D.C.); (T.D.); (G.M.J.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (E.F.); (J.B.)
- Center of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.D.C.); (T.D.); (G.M.J.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (E.F.); (J.B.)
| | - Emília Athayde
- Center of Mathematics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Pedro Alpuim
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.D.C.); (T.D.); (G.M.J.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (E.F.); (J.B.)
- Center of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Jérôme Borme
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.D.C.); (T.D.); (G.M.J.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (E.F.); (J.B.)
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Cui N, Guo P, Yuan Q, Ye C, Yang M, Yang M, Chee KWA, Wang F, Fu L, Wei Q, Lin CT, Gao J. Single-Step Formation of Ni Nanoparticle-Modified Graphene-Diamond Hybrid Electrodes for Electrochemical Glucose Detection. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19132979. [PMID: 31284502 PMCID: PMC6650927 DOI: 10.3390/s19132979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of accurate, reliable devices for glucose detection has drawn much attention from the scientific community over the past few years. Here, we report a single-step method to fabricate Ni nanoparticle-modified graphene–diamond hybrid electrodes via a catalytic thermal treatment, by which the graphene layers are directly grown on the diamond surface using Ni thin film as a catalyst, meanwhile, Ni nanoparticles are formed in situ on the graphene surface due to dewetting behavior. The good interface between the Ni nanoparticles and the graphene guarantees efficient charge transfer during electrochemical detection. The fabricated electrodes exhibit good glucose sensing performance with a low detection limit of 2 μM and a linear detection range between 2 μM–1 mM. In addition, this sensor shows great selectivity, suggesting potential applications for sensitive and accurate monitoring of glucose in human blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyuan Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Pei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Department of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Qilong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Chen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Material Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd., Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingyang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Material Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd., Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Kuan W A Chee
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo 315100, China
- Laser Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 226100, China
| | - Fei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Li Fu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qiuping Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Cheng-Te Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
- College of Material Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd., Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jingyao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
- College of Material Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd., Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
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Meng Z, Stolz RM, Mendecki L, Mirica KA. Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2019; 119:478-598. [PMID: 30604969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrically-transduced sensors, with their simplicity and compatibility with standard electronic technologies, produce signals that can be efficiently acquired, processed, stored, and analyzed. Two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including graphene, phosphorene (BP), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and others, have proven to be attractive for the fabrication of high-performance electrically-transduced chemical sensors due to their remarkable electronic and physical properties originating from their 2D structure. This review highlights the advances in electrically-transduced chemical sensing that rely on 2D materials. The structural components of such sensors are described, and the underlying operating principles for different types of architectures are discussed. The structural features, electronic properties, and surface chemistry of 2D nanostructures that dictate their sensing performance are reviewed. Key advances in the application of 2D materials, from both a historical and analytical perspective, are summarized for four different groups of analytes: gases, volatile compounds, ions, and biomolecules. The sensing performance is discussed in the context of the molecular design, structure-property relationships, and device fabrication technology. The outlook of challenges and opportunities for 2D nanomaterials for the future development of electrically-transduced sensors is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Robert M Stolz
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Lukasz Mendecki
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Katherine A Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
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Low-Temperature CVD Graphene Nanostructures on Cu and Their Corrosion Properties. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11101989. [PMID: 30326613 PMCID: PMC6213400 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene is reported to effectively prevent the penetration of outer factors and insulate the underneath metals, hence achieving an anticorrosion purpose. However, there is little knowledge about their characteristics and corresponding corrosion properties, especially for those prepared under different parameters at low temperatures. Using electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition (ECR-CVD), we can successfully prepare graphene nanostructures on copper (Cu) at temperatures lower than 600 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization measurements were used to characterize these samples. In simulated seawater, i.e., 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, the corrosion current density of one graphene-coated Cu fabricated at 400 °C can be 1.16 × 10−5 A/cm2, which is one order of magnitude lower than that of pure Cu. Moreover, the existence of tall graphene nanowalls was found not to be beneficial to the protection as a consequence of their layered orientation. These correlations among the morphology, structure, and corrosion properties of graphene nanostructures were investigated in this study. Therefore, the enhanced corrosion resistance in selected cases suggests that the low-temperature CVD graphene under appropriate conditions would be able to protect metal substrates against corrosion.
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