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Goswami R, Mishra A, Mishra PK, Rajput A. Linear and nonlinear regression modelling of industrial dye adsorption using nanocellulose@chitosan nanocomposite beads. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:133512. [PMID: 38944080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Nanocellulose@chitosan (nc@ch) composite beads were prepared via coagulation technique for the elimination of malachite green dye from aqueous solution. As malachite green dye is highly used in textile industries for dyeing purpose which after usage shows fatal effects to the ecosystems and human beings also. In this study the formulated nanocellulose@chitosan composite beads were characterized by Particle size analysis (PSA), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were done to evaluate nanoparticles size distribution, morphological behaviour, functional group entities and degree of crystallinity of prepared beads. The nanocomposite beads adsorption performance was investigated for malachite green (MG) dye and BET analysis were also recorded to know about porous behaviour of the nanocomposite beads. Maximum removal of malachite green (MG) dye was found to be 72.0 mg/g for 100 ppm initial dye concentration. For accurate observations linear and non-linear modelling was done to know about the best-fitted adsorption model during the removal mechanism of dye molecules, on evaluating it has been observed that Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm show best-fitted observation in the case of linear and non-linear isotherm respectively (R2 = 0.96 & R2 = 0.957). In the case of kinetic linear models, the data was well fitted with pseudo-second-order showing chemosorption mechanism (R2 = 0.999), and in the case of non-linear kinetic model pseudo first order showed good fit showing physisorption mechanism during adsorption (R2 = 0.999). The thermodynamic study showed positive values for ΔH° and ΔS° throughout the adsorption process respectively, implying an endothermic behaviour. In view of cost effectiveness, desorption or regeneration study was done and it was showed that after the 5th cycle, the removal tendency had decreased from 48 to 38 % for 20-100 ppm dye solution accordingly. Thus, nanocomposite beads prepared by the coagulation method seem to be a suitable candidate for dye removal from synthetic wastewater and may have potential to be used in small scale textile industries for real wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Goswami
- Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Abhilasha Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Pawan Kumar Mishra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Akanksha Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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2
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Lee JE, Jeon WC, Kim YE, Lee GH, Kim J, Kim MJ, Lee SM, Kweon SH, Kwak SK, Chae HG. Abnormally High Graphitic Crystallization of Cellulose Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26580-26589. [PMID: 38733565 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are currently of great interest for many applications, such as energy storage and nanocomposites, because of their natural abundance. A number of carbonization studies have reported abnormal graphitization behavior of CNCs, although cellulose is generally known as a precursor for hard carbon (nongraphitizable carbon). Herein, we report a spray-freeze-drying (SFD) method for CNCs and a subsequent carbonization study to ascertain the difference in the structural development between the amorphous and crystalline phases. The morphological observation by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy of the carbonized SFD-CNC clearly shows that the amorphous and crystalline phases of CNC are attributed to the formation of hard and soft carbon, respectively. The results of a reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) study also show that the amorphous cellulose phase leads to the formation of fewer carbon ring structures, indicative of hard carbon. In contrast, the pristine crystalline cellulose phase has a higher density and thermal stability, resulting in limited molecular relaxation and the formation of a highly crystalline graphitic structure (soft carbon).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Eun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Cheol Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yea Eun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hyeun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hyeon Kweon
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gi Chae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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3
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Sarangi PK, Srivastava RK, Sahoo UK, Singh AK, Parikh J, Bansod S, Parsai G, Luqman M, Shadangi KP, Diwan D, Lanterbecq D, Sharma M. Biotechnological innovations in nanocellulose production from waste biomass with a focus on pineapple waste. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140833. [PMID: 38043620 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
New materials' synthesis and utilization have shown many critical challenges in healthcare and other industrial sectors as most of these materials are directly or indirectly developed from fossil fuel resources. Environmental regulations and sustainability concepts have promoted the use of natural compounds with unique structures and properties that can be biodegradable, biocompatible, and eco-friendly. In this context, nanocellulose (NC) utility in different sectors and industries is reported due to their unique properties including biocompatibility and antimicrobial characteristics. The bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-based materials have been synthesized by bacterial cells and extracted from plant waste materials including pineapple plant waste biomass. These materials have been utilized in the form of nanofibers and nanocrystals. These materials are found to have excellent surface properties, low density, and good transparency, and are rich in hydroxyl groups for their modifications to other useful products. These materials are well utilized in different sectors including biomedical or health care centres, nanocomposite materials, supercapacitors, and polymer matrix production. This review explores different approaches for NC production from pineapple waste residues using biotechnological interventions, approaches for their modification, and wider applications in different sectors. Recent technological developments in NC production by enzymatic treatment are critically discussed. The utilization of pineapple waste-derived NC from a bioeconomic perspective is summarized in the paper. The chemical composition and properties of nanocellulose extracted from pineapple waste may have unique characteristics compared to other sources. Pineapple waste for nanocellulose production aligns with the principles of sustainability, waste reduction, and innovation, making it a promising and novel approach in the field of nanocellulose materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Kumar Sarangi
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, 795004, Manipur, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, GIT, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | | | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, India
| | - Jigisha Parikh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Shama Bansod
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Ganesh Parsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohammad Luqman
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Taibah University, Yanbu Al-Bahr-83, Al-Bandar District 41911, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Krushna Prasad Shadangi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768018, India
| | - Deepti Diwan
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deborah Lanterbecq
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Biologie Appliquée, CARAH ASBL, Rue Paul Pastur, 11, Ath, 7800, Belgium
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Biologie Appliquée, CARAH ASBL, Rue Paul Pastur, 11, Ath, 7800, Belgium.
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Haddis DZ, Chae M, Asomaning J, Bressler DC. Evaluation of steam explosion pretreatment on the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) yield from poplar wood. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121460. [PMID: 37940318 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The high sulfuric acid concentration used in the hydrolysis of cellulose to isolate cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) leads to low yields due to the dissolution of both amorphous and semi-crystalline cellulose. The present study explored the use of steam explosion pretreatment before acid hydrolysis to enhance the crystallization of semi-crystalline/ non-crystalline cellulose and generating new CNC precursors with poplar wood as feedstock. The crystallinity of steam exploded poplar wood increased 1.3-fold compared to untreated poplar wood. Consequently, the overall yield of CNCs of steam exploded poplar wood increased 2.5-fold compared to untreated poplar wood. Moreover, the steam explosion pretreatment did not affect the quality of the CNCs with regard to the crystal size, crystallinity, and colloidal stability. Whereas the thermal stability of the CNCs increased due to the steam explosion pretreatment. This study demonstrates a simple and scalable pretreatment step that can significantly improve the CNCs yield from the acid hydrolysis step thereby improving the overall economics and commercial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagem Zekaryas Haddis
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Michael Chae
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Justice Asomaning
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - David C Bressler
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
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Rajendran N, Runge T, Bergman RD, Nepal P, Houtman C. Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment of cellulose nanocrystals production from wood pulp. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 377:128955. [PMID: 36965586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are biobased materials with many desirable properties such as high aspect ratio, mechanical strength, crystalline nature, and biodegradability. This study developed a commercial-scale process model of CNC production from wood pulp using sulfuric acid treatment and evaluated its techno-economic and environmental performance with and without acid recovery. The results indicated that CNC produced with acid recovery process was financially more profitable with higher project net present values than without acid recovery process but required higher capital which resulted in a longer payback period and lower return on invested capital. The estimated minimum selling prices of CNC produced with and without acid recovery were $4.69/kg and $4.89/kg, respectively. The global warming (GW) impacts of 1 kg CNC production with and without acid recovery were 11.39 and 11.18 kgCO2eq, respectively, showing that higher steam use and consequently more fossil fuels were needed in the acid recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveenkumar Rajendran
- Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, USA.
| | - Troy Runge
- Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Richard D Bergman
- Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Prakash Nepal
- Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Carl Houtman
- Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, USA
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Abdel-Nasser M, Abdel-Maksoud G, Eid AM, Hassan SED, Abdel-Nasser A, Alharbi M, Elkelish A, Fouda A. Antifungal Activity of Cell-Free Filtrate of Probiotic Bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC-7469 against Fungal Strains Isolated from a Historical Manuscript. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1104. [PMID: 37317078 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, twelve fungal strains were isolated from a deteriorated historical manuscript dated back to the 18th century. The obtained fungal strains were identified, using the traditional method and ITS sequence analysis, as Cladosporium herbarum (two strains), Aspergillus fumigatus (five strains), A. ustus (one strain), A. flavus (two strains), A. niger (one strain), and Penicillium chrysogenum (one strain). The ability of these fungal strains to degrade the main components of the paper was investigated by their activity to secrete extracellular enzymes including cellulase, amylase, gelatinase, and pectinase. The cell-free filtrate (CFF) ability of the probiotic bacterial strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC-7469 to inhibit fungal growth was investigated. The metabolic profile of CFF was detected by GC-MS analysis, which confirmed the low and high molecular weight of various active chemical compounds. The safe dose to be used for the biocontrol of fungal growth was selected by investigating the biocompatibility of CFF and two normal cell lines, Wi38 (normal lung tissue) and HFB4 (normal human skin melanocyte). Data showed that the CFF has a cytotoxic effect against the two normal cell lines at high concentrations, with IC50 values of 525.2 ± 9.8 and 329.1 ± 4.2 µg mL-1 for Wi38 and HFB4, respectively. The antifungal activity showed that the CFF has promising activity against all fungal strains in a concentration-dependent manner. The highest antifungal activity (100%) was recorded for a concentration of 300 µg mL-1 with a zone of inhibition (ZOI) in the ranges of 21.3 ± 0.6 to 17.7 ± 0.5 mm. At a concentration of 100 µg mL-1, the activity of CFF remained effective against all fungal strains (100%), but its effectiveness decreased to only inhibit the growth of eight strains (66%) out of the total at 50 µg mL-1. In general, probiotic bacterial strains containing CFF are safe and can be considered as a potential option for inhibiting the growth of various fungal strains. It is recommended that they be used in the preservation of degraded historical papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdel-Nasser
- Department of Manuscripts Conservation, Al-Azhar Al-Sharif Library, Cairo 11511, Egypt
| | - Gomaa Abdel-Maksoud
- Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Eid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Saad El-Din Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Aya Abdel-Nasser
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Maha Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Amr Fouda
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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Eskandari V, Sahbafar H, Karooby E, Heris MH, Mehmandoust S, Razmjoue D, Hadi A. Surface-Enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) filter paper substrates decorated with silver nanoparticles for the detection of molecular vibrations of Acyclovir drug. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 298:122762. [PMID: 37130482 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Acyclovir (ACV) drug, a common antiviral agent, is frequently used as the primary clinical treatment method for treating hepatitis B, herpes simplex, and varicella zoster viruses due to its potent therapeutic effect. In patients with compromised immune systems, this medication can stop cytomegalovirus infections, and high doses of this drug are required; however, such prescription leads to kidney toxicity. Therefore, timely and accurate detection of ACV is crucial in many areas. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is a reliable, rapid, and precise approach for the identification of trace biomaterials and chemicals. Filter paper substrates decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were applied as SERS biosensors to detect ACV and control its adverse effects. Initially, a chemical reduction procedure was utilized to produce AgNPs. Afterward, UV-Vis, FE-SEM, XRD, TEM, DLS, and AFM were employed to examine the properties of prepared AgNPs. In order to prepare SERS-active filter paper substrates (SERS-FPS) to detect Molecular vibrations of ACV, AgNPs prepared by immersion method were coated on filter paper substrates. Moreover, the UV-Vis DRS analysis was carried out to assess the stability of filter paper substrates and SERS-FPS. The AgNPs reacted with ACV after being coated on SERS-active plasmonic substrates and could sensitively detect ACV in small concentrations. It was discovered that the limit of detection of SERS plasmonic substrates was 10-12 M. Moreover, the mean RSD for ten repeated tests was calculated as 4.19%. The enhancement factor for detecting ACV using the developed biosensors was calculated to be 3.024 × 105 and 3.058 × 105 experimentally and via simulation, respectively. According to the Raman results, SERS-FPS for the detection of ACV, fabricated by the present methods, showed promising results for SERS-based investigations. Furthermore, these substrates showed significant disposablity, reproducibility, and chemical stability. Therefore, the fabricated substrates are capable to be employed as potential SERS biosensors to detect trace substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Eskandari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hossein Sahbafar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran; School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Karooby
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173780, Bozeman, MT 59717-3780, USA
| | - Masoud Hakimi Heris
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173780, Bozeman, MT 59717-3780, USA
| | - Saeideh Mehmandoust
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Damoun Razmjoue
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Amin Hadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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Gbadeyan OJ, Linganiso LZ, Deenadayalu N. Assessment and Optimization of Thermal Stability and Water Absorption of Loading Snail Shell Nanoparticles and Sugarcane Bagasse Cellulose Fibers on Polylactic Acid Bioplastic Films. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061557. [PMID: 36987337 PMCID: PMC10055778 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimization and modeling of the parameters, the concentration of polylactic acid (PLA), sugarcane bagasse cellulose fibers (SBCF), and snail shell nanoparticles (SSNP), were investigated for the development of bioplastic films. With the aid of the Box-Behnken experimental design, response surface methodology was used to assess the consequence of the parameters on the water absorption and thermal stability of fabricated bioplastic films. Varied water absorption and thermal stability with different component loading were obtained, evidencing the loading effect of snail shell nanoparticles and sugar bagasse cellulose fibers on bioplastic film's water absorption and thermal stability. The quadratic polynomial model experiment data offered a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.8422 for water absorption and 0.8318 for thermal stability, verifying the models' fitness to develop optimal concentration. The predicted optimal parameters were polylactic acid (99.815%), sugarcane bagasse cellulose fibers (0.036%), and snail shell nanoparticles (0.634%). The bioplastic developed with optimized concentrations of each component exhibited water absorption and thermal stability of 0.45% and 259.7 °C, respectively. The FTIR curves of bioplastic films show oxygen stretching in-plane carbon and single-bonded hydroxyl bending in the carboxylic acids functional group. SEM and TEM images of the bioplastic showed dispersion of the nanoparticles in the matrix, where SSNP is more visible than SBCF, which may be due to the lesser loading of SBCF. The improved properties suggest an optimum concentration of naturally sourced resources for developing bioplastic, which may be used for food and drug packaging for delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyin J Gbadeyan
- Green Engineering Research Focus Area, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Linda Z Linganiso
- Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Nirmala Deenadayalu
- Green Engineering Research Focus Area, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
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Abdel-Maksoud G, Abdel-Nasser M, Sultan MH, Eid AM, Alotaibi SH, Hassan SED, Fouda A. Fungal Biodeterioration of a Historical Manuscript Dating Back to the 14th Century: An Insight into Various Fungal Strains and Their Enzymatic Activities. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1821. [PMID: 36362976 PMCID: PMC9699582 DOI: 10.3390/life12111821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the deterioration aspects of a historical manuscript dating back to the 14th century that was deposited in the Library of the Arabic Language Academy, Cairo, Egypt. The study aims at the exploration of the role of various fungal strains that had colonized this deteriorated manuscript in its biodeterioration through their efficacy in the secretion of various hydrolytic enzymes. To evaluate the deterioration, various techniques, including visual inspection, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), color change, and pH value, were utilized. The fungal strains linked to the historical document were isolated, identified, and evaluated for their deterioration activities. The findings demonstrate that the manuscript exhibits a variety of deterioration signs including color change, brittleness and weakness, erosion, and removal of the grain surface pattern in leather binding. According to the ATR-FTIR, the chemical composition of the historical paper and leather underwent some alterations. The historical paper has a lower level of cellulose crystallinity than the control sample. Penicillium chrysogenum (two isolates), P. citrinum (four isolates), Aspergillus ustus (three isolates), A. terreus (two isolates), A. chinensis (one isolate), Paecilomyces sp. (one isolate), and Induratia sp. (one isolate) were among the fourteen fungal strains identified as being associated with the historical manuscript. These fungal strains produced several hydrolytic enzymes with high activity, such as cellulase, amylase, gelatinase, and pectinase, which play a key role in biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomaa Abdel-Maksoud
- Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdel-Nasser
- Department of Manuscripts Conservation, Al-Azhar Al-Sharif Library, Cairo 11511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud H. Sultan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Eid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Saad H. Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah University College, Turabah, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad El-Din Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Amr Fouda
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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10
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Ilies DC, Zlatev Z, Ilies A, Zharas B, Pantea E, Hodor N, Indrie L, Turza A, Taghiyari HR, Caciora T, Costea M, Safarov B, Lucian BT. Interdisciplinary Research to Advance Digital Imagery and Natural Compounds for Eco-Cleaning and for Preserving Textile Cultural Heritage. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22124442. [PMID: 35746228 PMCID: PMC9231118 DOI: 10.3390/s22124442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The old fibers that make up heritage textiles displayed in museums are degraded by the aging process, environmental conditions (microclimates, particulate matter, pollutants, sunlight) and the action of microorganisms. In order to counteract these processes and keep the textile exhibits in good condition for as long as possible, both reactive and preventive interventions on them are necessary. Based on these ideas, the present study aims to test a natural and non-invasive method of cleaning historic textiles, which includes the use of a natural substance with a known antifungal effect (being traditionally used in various rural communities)-lye. The design of the study was aimed at examining a traditional women's shirt that is aged between 80-100 years, using artificial intelligence techniques for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imagery analysis and X-ray powder diffraction technique in order to achieve a complex and accurate investigation and monitoring of the object's realities. The determinations were performed both before and after washing the material with lye. SEM microscopy investigations of the ecologically washed textile specimens showed that the number of microorganism colonies, as well as the amount of dust, decreased. It was also observed that the surface cellulose fibers lost their integrity, eventually being loosened on cellulose fibers of cotton threads. This could better visualize the presence of microfibrils that connect the cellulose fibers in cotton textiles. The results obtained could be of real value both for the restorers, the textile collections of the different museums, and for the researchers in the field of cultural heritage. By applying such a methodology, cotton tests can be effectively cleaned without compromising the integrity of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Camelia Ilies
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (D.C.I.); (A.I.)
| | - Zlatin Zlatev
- Faculty of Technics and Technologies, Trakia University, Bulgaria, 38 Graf Ignatiev Street, 8602 Yambol, Bulgaria;
| | - Alexandru Ilies
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (D.C.I.); (A.I.)
| | - Berdenov Zharas
- Department of Physical and Economic Geography, Faculty of Science, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 2 Satpayev Street, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan;
| | - Emilia Pantea
- Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, Magheru Street 26, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Nicolaie Hodor
- Faculty of Geography, Babes-Bolyai University, 5-6 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Liliana Indrie
- Department of Textile, Leather and Industrial Management, Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Oradea, B. St. Delavrancea Str. No. 4, 410058 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Turza
- National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.T.); (B.-T.L.)
| | - Hamid R. Taghiyari
- Faculty of Materials Engineering & New Technologies, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran 16788-15811, Iran;
| | - Tudor Caciora
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (D.C.I.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-740941144
| | - Monica Costea
- Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, Magheru Street 26, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Bahodiron Safarov
- Department of Digital Economy, Samarkand State University, Samarkand 140104, Uzbekistan;
| | - Barbu-Tudoran Lucian
- National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.T.); (B.-T.L.)
- Electron Microscopy Center “Prof. C. Craciun”, Faculty of Biology & Geology, “Babes-Bolyai” University, 5-7 Clinicilor Str., 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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11
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Liu Y, Wang P, Tian J, Seidi F, Guo J, Zhu W, Xiao H, Song J. Carbohydrate-Binding Modules of Potential Resources: Occurrence in Nature, Function, and Application in Fiber Recognition and Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091806. [PMID: 35566977 PMCID: PMC9100146 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Great interests have recently been aroused in the independent associative domain of glycoside hydrolases that utilize insoluble polysaccharides-carbohydrate-binding module (CBM), which responds to binding while the catalytic domain reacts with the substrate. In this mini-review, we first provide a brief introduction on CBM and its subtypes including the classifications, potential sources, structures, and functions. Afterward, the applications of CBMs in substrate recognition based on different types of CBMs have been reviewed. Additionally, the progress of CBMs in paper industry as a new type of environmentally friendly auxiliary agent for fiber treatment is summarized. At last, other applications of CBMs and the future outlook have prospected. Due to the specificity in substrate recognition and diversity in structures, CBM can be a prosperous and promising ‘tool’ for wood and fiber processing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yena Liu
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.L.); (P.W.); (J.T.); (F.S.); (J.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Peipei Wang
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.L.); (P.W.); (J.T.); (F.S.); (J.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jing Tian
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.L.); (P.W.); (J.T.); (F.S.); (J.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Farzad Seidi
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.L.); (P.W.); (J.T.); (F.S.); (J.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.L.); (P.W.); (J.T.); (F.S.); (J.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenyuan Zhu
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.L.); (P.W.); (J.T.); (F.S.); (J.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada;
| | - Junlong Song
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.L.); (P.W.); (J.T.); (F.S.); (J.G.); (W.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8542-8163; Fax: +86-25-8542-8689
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Chakraborty I, Rongpipi S, Govindaraju I, B R, Mal SS, Gomez EW, Gomez ED, Kalita RD, Nath Y, Mazumder N. An insight into microscopy and analytical techniques for morphological, structural, chemical, and thermal characterization of cellulose. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:1990-2015. [PMID: 35040538 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose obtained from plants is a bio-polysaccharide and the most abundant organic polymer on earth that has immense household and industrial applications. Hence, the characterization of cellulose is important for determining its appropriate applications. In this article, we review the characterization of cellulose morphology, surface topography using microscopic techniques including optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Other physicochemical characteristics like crystallinity, chemical composition, and thermal properties are studied using techniques including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. This review may contribute to the development of using cellulose as a low-cost raw material with anticipated physicochemical properties. HIGHLIGHTS: Morphology and surface topography of cellulose structure is characterized using microscopy techniques including optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Analytical techniques used for physicochemical characterization of cellulose include X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Chakraborty
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sintu Rongpipi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Indira Govindaraju
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Rakesh B
- Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Sib Sankar Mal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575025, India
| | - Esther W Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ranjan Dutta Kalita
- Department of Biotechnology, Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Yuthika Nath
- Department of Serology, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Guwahati, India
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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13
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Malik WA, Javed S. Biochemical Characterization of Cellulase From Bacillus subtilis Strain and its Effect on Digestibility and Structural Modifications of Lignocellulose Rich Biomass. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:800265. [PMID: 34988069 PMCID: PMC8721162 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.800265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial cellulases have become the mainstream biocatalysts due to their complex nature and widespread industrial applications. The present study reports the partial purification and characterization of cellulase from Bacillus subtilis CD001 and its application in biomass saccharification. Out of four different substrates, carboxymethyl cellulose, when amended as fermentation substrate, induced the highest cellulase production from B. subtilis CD001. The optimum activity of CMCase, FPase, and amylase was 2.4 U/ml, 1.5 U/ml, and 1.45 U/ml, respectively. The enzyme was partially purified by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and sequenced through LC-MS/MS. The cellulase was found to be approximately 55 kDa by SDS-PAGE and capable of hydrolyzing cellulose, as confirmed by zymogram analysis. The enzyme was assigned an accession number AOR98335.1 and displayed 46% sequence homology with 14 peptide-spectrum matches having 12 unique peptide sequences. Characterization of the enzyme revealed it to be an acidothermophilic cellulase, having an optimum activity at pH 5 and a temperature of 60°C. Kinetic analysis of partially purified enzyme showed the Km and Vmax values of 0.996 mM and 1.647 U/ml, respectively. The enzyme activity was accelerated by ZnSO4, MnSO4, and MgSO4, whereas inhibited significantly by EDTA and moderately by β-mercaptoethanol and urea. Further, characterization of the enzyme saccharified sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, and filter paper by SEM, ATR-FTIR, and XRD revealed efficient hydrolysis and structural modifications of cellulosic materials, indicating the potential industrial application of the B. subtilis CD001 cellulase. The findings demonstrated the potential suitability of cellulase from B. subtilis CD001 for use in current mainstream biomass conversion into fuels and other industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ayoub Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Saleem Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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14
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Liyanage S, Acharya S, Parajuli P, Shamshina JL, Abidi N. Production and Surface Modification of Cellulose Bioproducts. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3433. [PMID: 34641248 PMCID: PMC8512298 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Petroleum-based synthetic plastics play an important role in our life. As the detrimental health and environmental effects of synthetic plastics continue to increase, the renewable, degradable and recyclable properties of cellulose make subsequent products the "preferred environmentally friendly" alternatives, with a small carbon footprint. Despite the fact that the bioplastic industry is growing rapidly with many innovative discoveries, cellulose-based bioproducts in their natural state face challenges in replacing synthetic plastics. These challenges include scalability issues, high cost of production, and most importantly, limited functionality of cellulosic materials. However, in order for cellulosic materials to be able to compete with synthetic plastics, they must possess properties adequate for the end use and meet performance expectations. In this regard, surface modification of pre-made cellulosic materials preserves the chemical profile of cellulose, its mechanical properties, and biodegradability, while diversifying its possible applications. The review covers numerous techniques for surface functionalization of materials prepared from cellulose such as plasma treatment, surface grafting (including RDRP methods), and chemical vapor and atomic layer deposition techniques. The review also highlights purposeful development of new cellulosic architectures and their utilization, with a specific focus on cellulosic hydrogels, aerogels, beads, membranes, and nanomaterials. The judicious choice of material architecture combined with a specific surface functionalization method will allow us to take full advantage of the polymer's biocompatibility and biodegradability and improve existing and target novel applications of cellulose, such as proteins and antibodies immobilization, enantiomers separation, and composites preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Noureddine Abidi
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-5019, USA; (S.L.); (S.A.); (P.P.); (J.L.S.)
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15
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Soo YT, Ng SW, Tang TK, Ab Karim NA, Phuah ET, Lee YY. Preparation of palm (Elaeis oleifera) pressed fibre cellulose nanocrystals via cation exchange resin: characterisation and evaluation as Pickering emulsifier. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:4161-4172. [PMID: 33428211 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palm pressed fibre (PPF) is a cellulose-rich biomass residue produced during palm oil extraction. Its high cellulose content allows the isolation of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). CNC has attracted scientific interest due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility and low cost. The present study isolated CNC from PPF using a cation exchange resin, which is an environmentally friendly and less harsh hydrolysis method than conventional mineral acid hydrolysis. Isolated CNC was used to stabilise an oil-in-water emulsion and the emulsion stability was evaluated in terms of droplet size, morphology and physical stability. RESULTS PPF was subjected to alkali and bleach treatment prior to hydrolysis, which successfully removed 54% and 75% of non-cellulosic components (hemicellulose and lignin, respectively). Hydrolysis conditions of 5 h, 15:1 (w/w) resin-to-pulp ratio and 50 °C produced CNC particles of 50-100 nm in length. CNC had a crystallinity index of 42% and appeared rod-like morphologically. CNC-stabilised emulsion had better stability when used in combination with soy lecithin (SL), a well-established, commonly used food stabiliser. Emulsion stabilised by the binary mixture of CNC and SL had droplet size, morphology and physical stability comparable to those of emulsion stabilised using SL. CONCLUSIONS CNC was successfully isolated from PPF through a cation exchange resin. This offers an alternative usage for the underutilised PPF to be converted into value-added products. Isolated CNC was also found to have promising potential in the stabilisation of Pickering emulsions. These results provide useful information indicating CNC as a natural and sustainable stabiliser for food, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical applications. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Theng Soo
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Shi-Wan Ng
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Teck-Kim Tang
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oils Processing and Safety (POPS) JNU-UPM Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Azwani Ab Karim
- Sime Darby Research Sdn Bhd, R&D Carey Island-Upstream, Carey Island, Malaysia
| | - Eng-Tong Phuah
- Department and Agriculture and Food Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Yee-Ying Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- Monash-Industry Palm Oil Education and Research Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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16
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Wang J, Chae M, Beyene D, Sauvageau D, Bressler DC. Co-production of ethanol and cellulose nanocrystals through self-cycling fermentation of wood pulp hydrolysate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:124969. [PMID: 33740586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A promising approach to help offset production costs for the cellulosic ethanol industry is to improve ethanol productivity while simultaneously generating value-added by-products. This study reports integration of an advanced fermentation approach (self-cycling fermentation) with the production of cellulose nanocrystals. Specifically, wood pulp was enzymatically hydrolyzed to yield dissolved sugars, which were fed to a self-cycling fermentation system for ethanol production, and residual solids were used for cellulose nanocrystals production via acid hydrolysis. Self-cycling fermentation achieved stable ethanol production for 10 cycles with significantly greater productivity than batch operation: ethanol volumetric productivity increased by 63-95% and annual ethanol productivity by 96 ± 5%. Additionally, the enzyme hydrolysis approach employed did not impede ethanol fermentation, and the cellulose nanocrystals generated displayed properties consistent with previous studies. Taken together, these results highlight the potential of this co-production strategy to produce both cellulosic ethanol and cellulose nanocrystals from a single feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Michael Chae
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Dawit Beyene
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Dominic Sauvageau
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - David C Bressler
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada.
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17
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Muraleedharan MN, Karnaouri A, Piatkova M, Ruiz-Caldas MX, Matsakas L, Liu B, Rova U, Christakopoulos P, Mathew AP. Isolation and modification of nano-scale cellulose from organosolv-treated birch through the synergistic activity of LPMO and endoglucanases. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:101-109. [PMID: 33905799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose isolation from lignocellulose is a tedious and expensive process with high energy and harsh chemical requirements, primarily due to the recalcitrance of the substrate, which otherwise would have been cost-effective due to its abundance. Replacing the chemical steps with biocatalytic processes offers opportunities to solve this bottleneck to a certain extent due to the enzymes substrate specificity and mild reaction chemistry. In this work, we demonstrate the isolation of sulphate-free nanocellulose from organosolv pretreated birch biomass using different glycosyl-hydrolases, along with accessory oxidative enzymes including a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO). The suggested process produced colloidal nanocellulose suspensions (ζ-potential -19.4 mV) with particles of 7-20 nm diameter, high carboxylate content and improved thermostability (To = 301 °C, Tmax = 337 °C). Nanocelluloses were subjected to post-modification using LPMOs of different regioselectivity. The sample from chemical route was the least favorable for LPMO to enhance the carboxylate content, while that from the C1-specific LPMO treatment showed the highest increase in carboxylate content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Nair Muraleedharan
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Anthi Karnaouri
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Maria Piatkova
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria-Ximena Ruiz-Caldas
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Aji P Mathew
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Zheng J, Aziz T, Fan H, Haq F, Ullah Khan F, Ullah R, Ullah B, Saeed Khattak N, Wei J. Synergistic impact of cellulose nanocrystals with multiple resins on thermal and mechanical behavior. Z PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2020-1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) surface modified with phenolic and acrylic resins were investigated for different properties such as thermally stability and adhesive property, the mechanical properties of CNCs and interactions of the resulting materials at a micro-level are very important. Phenolic resins are of great interest due to their smooth structure, low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation. However, the high spray rates and poor mechanical properties limit its use for external insulation of buildings. Acrylic resins are used as a matrix resin for adhesives and composites due to their adhesion, mechanical properties, and their good chemical resistance. The brittleness of acrylic resins makes them less attractive than the structural materials, being much harder. For this reason, most of the resins are modified with suitable elastomers, which act as hardeners. Therefore, treatment of these compounds is necessary. In this research paper, the effect of CNCs surface on phenolic and acrylic resins were investigated to obtain an optimized surface using three different weight (wt%) ratios of CNCs. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-rays diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the structure, and investigate different properties of CNCs. Furthermore, the Zwick/Roell Z020 model was used to investigate the adhesion properties of the phenolic and acrylic resins with CNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyuan Zheng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310027, China
| | - Tariq Aziz
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310027, China
| | - Hong Fan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310027, China
| | - Fazal Haq
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310027, China
| | - Farman Ullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology Bannu, Bannu , 28000, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Lakki Marwat , Lakki Marwat 28420, KPK , Pakistan
| | - Roh Ullah
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) , Haidian , China
| | - Bakhtar Ullah
- Institute of Advanced Study , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , China
| | | | - Jiao Wei
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310027, China
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19
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Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber ( Pennisetum purpureum). MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13184125. [PMID: 32957438 PMCID: PMC7560349 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to investigate the utilisation of Napier fiber (Pennisetum purpureum) as a source for the fabrication of cellulose nanofibers (CNF). In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from Napier fiber were isolated via ball-milling assisted by acid hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis with different molarities (1.0, 3.8 and 5.6 M) was performed efficiently facilitate cellulose fiber size reduction. The resulting CNFs were characterised through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), particle size analyser (PSA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The FTIR results demonstrated that there were no obvious changes observed between the spectra of the CNFs with different molarities of acid hydrolysis. With 5.6 M acid hydrolysis, the XRD analysis displayed the highest degree of CNF crystallinity at 70.67%. In a thermal analysis by TGA and DTG, cellulose nanofiber with 5.6 M acid hydrolysis tended to produce cellulose nanofibers with higher thermal stability. As evidenced by the structural morphologies, a fibrous network nanostructure was obtained under TEM and AFM analysis, while a compact structure was observed under FESEM analysis. In conclusion, the isolated CNFs from Napier-derived cellulose are expected to yield potential to be used as a suitable source for nanocomposite production in various applications, including pharmaceutical, food packaging and biomedical fields.
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20
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Conversion of Lignocellulosic Corn Agro-Waste into Cellulose Derivative and Its Potential Application as Pharmaceutical Excipient. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8060711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is widely grown in many agricultural-based countries. These are typically incinerated or discarded in open spaces, which further may cause severe health and environmental problems. Hence, the proper utilization and conversion of different parts of lignocellulosic biomasses (e.g., corn wastes derived leave, cob, stalk, and husk) into value-added materials could be a promising way of protecting both health and environments. In addition, they have high-potential for myriads applications (e.g., pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, textiles, and so on). In this context, herein, we isolated holocellulose (a mixture of alpha α, beta β, and gamma γ cellulose) from corn waste, and then it was converted into carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Subsequently, the prepared CMC was evaluated successfully to be used as a pharmaceutical excipient. Different characterization tools were employed for structural, morphological, and thermal properties of the extracted holocellulose and synthesized CMC. Results showed that the highest yield of CMC was obtained 187.5% along with the highest degree of substitution (DS i.e., 1.83) in a single stage (i.e., size reduction technique) with the lowest particle size of holocellulose (100 µm). This happened due to the use of a single stage instead of multiple stages. Finally, extracted CMC was successfully used as a pharmaceutical excipient with promising results compared to commercially available pharmaceutical-grade CMC.
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21
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Pospisil MJ, Noor MM, Amit SK, Neufeld CW, Saha P, Davis VA, Green MJ. Chiral Structure Formation during Casting of Cellulose Nanocrystalline Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4975-4984. [PMID: 32308003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A Landau-de Gennes formulation coupled with a mass-transfer equation was used to track the evaporation front and the development of chiral microstructures during the casting of sulfuric acid-hydrolyzed cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films. These simulations are compared to thin-film casting experiments that used analogous processing parameters and environments. The results show that the initial concentration, chiral strength, surface anchoring, speed of drying, and the influence of initial shear alignment all affect the uniformity of the microstructure and the orientation of the chiral director. In this report, we aim to show that under optimal casting conditions, the lateral size of planar microstructural domains that exhibit uniform selective reflection can be achieved on the order of millimeters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Pospisil
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Matthew M Noor
- Samuel Ginn Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Sadat Kamal Amit
- Samuel Ginn Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Caleb W Neufeld
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Partha Saha
- Samuel Ginn Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Virginia A Davis
- Samuel Ginn Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Micah J Green
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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22
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Trache D, Tarchoun AF, Derradji M, Hamidon TS, Masruchin N, Brosse N, Hussin MH. Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:392. [PMID: 32435633 PMCID: PMC7218176 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, nanocellulose (NC), cellulose in the form of nanostructures, has been proved to be one of the most prominent green materials of modern times. NC materials have gained growing interests owing to their attractive and excellent characteristics such as abundance, high aspect ratio, better mechanical properties, renewability, and biocompatibility. The abundant hydroxyl functional groups allow a wide range of functionalizations via chemical reactions, leading to developing various materials with tunable features. In this review, recent advances in the preparation, modification, and emerging application of nanocellulose, especially cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), are described and discussed based on the analysis of the latest investigations (particularly for the reports of the past 3 years). We start with a concise background of cellulose, its structural organization as well as the nomenclature of cellulose nanomaterials for beginners in this field. Then, different experimental procedures for the production of nanocelluloses, their properties, and functionalization approaches were elaborated. Furthermore, a number of recent and emerging uses of nanocellulose in nanocomposites, Pickering emulsifiers, wood adhesives, wastewater treatment, as well as in new evolving biomedical applications are presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of NC-based emerging materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djalal Trache
- UER Procédés Energétiques, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, Bordj El-Bahri, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun
- UER Procédés Energétiques, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, Bordj El-Bahri, Algeria
| | - Mehdi Derradji
- UER Procédés Energétiques, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, Bordj El-Bahri, Algeria
| | - Tuan Sherwyn Hamidon
- Materials Technology Research Group, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nanang Masruchin
- Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nicolas Brosse
- Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur le MAtériau Bois (LERMAB), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - M. Hazwan Hussin
- Materials Technology Research Group, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Beyene D, Chae M, Vasanthan T, Bressler DC. A Biorefinery Strategy That Introduces Hydrothermal Treatment Prior to Acid Hydrolysis for Co-generation of Furfural and Cellulose Nanocrystals. Front Chem 2020; 8:323. [PMID: 32391333 PMCID: PMC7189013 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrothermal treatment of wood pulp at 150-225°C prior to acid hydrolysis was investigated in the context of isolating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). The objective was 2-folds as follows: (a) generating furfural as a value-added co-product; and (b) concentrating and forming new CNC precursors through thermal re-orientation of para-crystalline cellulose chains that will in turn improve CNC recovery and yield. Furfural yields up to 19 and 21% xylan conversion were obtained at 200 and 225°C hydrothermal treatments, respectively. In addition, these hydrothermal treatment conditions increased the crystallinity index of the pulp (77%) to 84 and 80%, respectively. Consequently, the CNC yield from hydrothermally treated wood pulp, when compared to untreated wood pulp, improved by up to 4- and 2-folds, respectively. An efficient acid hydrolysis process with yield improvements can translate to reduced CNC isolation and purification costs and increased production capacity. The qualities of the CNCs in terms of particle size and crystallinity were not affected due to hydrothermal treatment. However, the zeta potential, sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen content of the CNCs were significantly lower at 225°C while carbon composition increased, and dark brown coloration was observed that indicates caramelization. This study demonstrates for the first time a novel biorefinery strategy that introduces hydrothermal treatment prior to acid hydrolysis to co-generate furfural and CNC with improved efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David C. Bressler
- Biorefining Conversions and Fermentation Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Papaparaskeva G, Dinev MM, Krasia-Christoforou T, Turcu R, Porav SA, Balanean F, Socoliuc V. White Magnetic Paper with Zero Remanence Based on Electrospun Cellulose Microfibers Doped with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030517. [PMID: 32178410 PMCID: PMC7153582 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The preparation procedure of zero magnetic remanence superparamagnetic white paper by means of three-layer membrane configuration (sandwiched structure) is presented. The cellulose acetate fibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning. The middle membrane layer was magnetically loaded by impregnation with an aqueous ferrofluid of 8 nm magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles colloidally stabilized with a double layer of oleic acid. The nanoparticles show zero magnetic remanence due to their very small diameters and their soft magnetic properties. Changing the ferrofluid magnetic nanoparticle volume fraction, white papers with zero magnetic remanence and tunable saturation magnetization in the range of 0.5–3.5 emu/g were prepared. The dark coloring of the paper owing to the presence of the black magnetite nanoparticles was concealed by the external layers of pristine white cellulose acetate electrospun fibrous membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Papaparaskeva
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (G.P.); (M.M.D.); (T.K.-C.)
| | - M. M. Dinev
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (G.P.); (M.M.D.); (T.K.-C.)
| | - T. Krasia-Christoforou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; (G.P.); (M.M.D.); (T.K.-C.)
| | - R. Turcu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.T.); (S.A.P.)
| | - S. A. Porav
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.T.); (S.A.P.)
| | - F. Balanean
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy—Timisoara Branch, M. Viteazul Ave. #24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - V. Socoliuc
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy—Timisoara Branch, M. Viteazul Ave. #24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Complex Fluids Systems Engineering, Politehnica University of Timisoara, M. Viteazu Ave. #1, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +40-256-403-700
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Zhang X, Huang H, Qing Y, Wang H, Li X. A Comparison Study on the Characteristics of Nanofibrils Isolated from Fibers and Parenchyma Cells in Bamboo. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13010237. [PMID: 31935802 PMCID: PMC6981400 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells were separated by a physical water-medium method. To compare the characteristics of nanofibrils from these two types of cells, lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were prepared by different processes. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed that both fibers and parenchyma cells can be separated into individual fibrils after grinding three times. However, LCNFs had a diameter of 20-40 nm, which was larger than that of CNFs (10-20 nm). Additionally, the films prepared from LCNFs had lower tensile strength, but higher hydrophobicity compared with those from CNFs. X-ray diffraction analysis and tensile test of the films showed that the nanofibrils isolated from fibers and parenchyma cells had similar crystallinity and mechanical properties. This study shows a promising application of bamboo parenchyma cells, which are usually discarded as waste in the processing of bamboo products, in the preparation of nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (X.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Q.)
- Institute of New Bamboo and Rattan Based Biomaterials, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Hanxiao Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (X.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Q.)
- Institute of New Bamboo and Rattan Based Biomaterials, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yan Qing
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (X.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Hankun Wang
- Institute of New Bamboo and Rattan Based Biomaterials, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
- SFA and Beijing Co-built Key Lab for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xingong Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (X.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Q.)
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (X.L.)
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Bartoli M, Rosso C, Giorcelli M, Rovere M, Jagdale P, Tagliaferro A, Chae M, Bressler DC. Effect of incorporation of microstructured carbonized cellulose on surface and mechanical properties of epoxy composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Bartoli
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico d Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy
| | - Carlo Rosso
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringPolitecnico d Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy
| | - Mauro Giorcelli
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico d Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy
| | - Massimo Rovere
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico d Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy
| | - Pravin Jagdale
- Center for Sustainable FutureItalian Institute of Technology, Via Livorno 60 10144 Turin Italy
| | - Alberto Tagliaferro
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico d Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North Oshawa Ontario Canada
| | - Michael Chae
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of Alberta, 410 Ag/For Building T6G 2P5 Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - David C. Bressler
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of Alberta, 410 Ag/For Building T6G 2P5 Edmonton Alberta Canada
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28
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Valentim RMB, Andrade SMC, Dos Santos MEM, Santos AC, Pereira VS, Dos Santos IP, Dias CGBT, Dos Reis MAL. Composite Based on Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (HA/β-TCP) and Nanocellulose from the Açaí Tegument. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11112213. [PMID: 30412992 PMCID: PMC6266682 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of lignocellulosic remnants of the açaí agro-business will benefit the environment with a precursor material for biomedical applications. Nanocellulose (NC) allows the biomimetic growth of biphasic ceramics on its surface, with characteristics compatible with bone tissue, including bioactive properties and biocompatibility. In this study, the composites were obtained from açaí tegument (Euterpe Oleracea Mart.) NC using acid hydrolysis. The characterization performed by scanning electron microscopy showed the characteristic crystals of hydroxyapatite (HA) and calcium triphosphate (β-TCP) based on the results of X-ray diffraction, with the peak at 22°, showing the NC nucleation of HA and peak at 17° showing tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of O-H at 3400 cm−1 and C-H at 2900 cm−1, which is characteristic of cellulose; peaks were also observed at 1609 cm−1, verifying the reduction in lignin content. Groups PO4−3 at approximately 1070 cm−1, P-OH at 910–1040 cm−1, and HCO3− at 2450 cm−1 confirmed the formation of HA and β-TCP. The zeta potential had a range of −11 ± 23.8 mV related to particle size, which had a range of 164.2 × 10−9–4748 × 10−9 m.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M B Valentim
- Post-Graduation in Natural Resources Engineering of the Amazon-PRODERNA, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Sabina M C Andrade
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará-IFPA, Campus Belém, Pará 66093-020, Brazil.
| | - Maria E M Dos Santos
- Post-Graduation in Mechanical Engineering-PPGEM, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Aline C Santos
- Post-Graduation in Mechanical Engineering-PPGEM, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Victor S Pereira
- Post-Graduation in Mechanical Engineering-PPGEM, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Izael P Dos Santos
- Post-Graduation in Mechanical Engineering-PPGEM, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Carmen G B T Dias
- Post-Graduation in Mechanical Engineering-PPGEM, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Marcos A L Dos Reis
- Post-Graduation in Natural Resources Engineering of the Amazon-PRODERNA, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
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