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Wang L, Li M, Pei L, Liu T, Zhang T, Ao D. Pt-N Co-Modified TiO 2 Nanotube Electrode Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Oxytetracycline in Simulated Wastewater. TOXICS 2022; 10:635. [PMID: 36355927 PMCID: PMC9697761 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Using photodeposition and plasma, Pt-N co-modified TiO2 nanotube electrodes were created. Several techniques, such as SEM, XRD, UV-VIS-DRS, XPS, and PL, were used to analyze the electrode shape, crystalline structure, light absorption range, elemental composition, and photogenerated carrier recombination efficiency. Using the electrochemical workstation, EIS and I-t were utilized to examine the electrochemical characteristics. The results indicated that the diameter of the TiO2 nanotube tubes was around 90 nm, and that the photodeposition duration affected the amount of Pt particles deposited. The deposited Pt particles efficiently reduced the photogenerated carrier complexation rate of the N-TiO2 nanotube electrode, contributing to the separation of electron-hole pairs and light utilization. Electrochemical studies indicated that Pt-N co-modified TiO2 increased the electrode's oxidation and electrical conductivity, as well as its photoelectrocatalytic capacity. Oxytetracycline degradation in simulated wastewater by a Pt-N co-modified TiO2 nanotube electrode revealed the exceptional PEC activity, and the oxytetracycline degradation processes followed primary kinetics. •O2- and •OH played a significant role in the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of oxytetracycline, resulting in a novel method for oxytetracycline degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Liang Pei
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Dong Ao
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
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Karuppusamy I, Seenuvasaperumal P, Surendiran M, Shanmugam S, Chinnathambi A, Alahmadi TA, Brindhadevi K, Lan Chi NT, Pugazhendhi A. Fabrication of near superhydrophobic Pt-TiO 2 hybrid nanoflake composite as food sensor in food processing industry. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 169:113411. [PMID: 36087621 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The current finding reports on the development of highly ordered closely packed TiO2 nanotube arrays on Ti substrate via two-step anodization process. The nanotubes developed by second anodization step (TNT2) were encapsulated with Pt nanoflakes using electro-deposition followed by hydrothermal treatment process. The FE-SEM, FTIR, XRD and contact angle measurement, respectively were done to find out the morphological, functional group, phase structural and wettability of the samples. The tube diameter and length were found to be 110-120 and 50-100 nm and 437 and 682, respectively for first (TNT1) and second anodization. The structural order of the TNT has enhanced in the second anodization process. Chronoamperometric results showed that the Pt-TNT2 exhibited enhanced and steady state electro-catalytic activity than Pt-TNT1. Pt-TNT2 nanoflake composite showed near SHP behaviour than the TNT without Pt. The food processing machinery developed using near SHP Pt-TNT2 could be cleaned easily due to its high non-wettability. Hence, Pt-TNT2 can be used for making food processing equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Karuppusamy
- Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - P Seenuvasaperumal
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - M Surendiran
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation - Aarupadai Veedu (VMRF-AV) Campus, Paiyanoor, Chennai, 603104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabarathinam Shanmugam
- Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Lifescience, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box-2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi
- School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Akash S, Sivaprakash B, Rajamohan N, Pandiyan CM, Vo DVN. Pesticide pollutants in the environment - A critical review on remediation techniques, mechanism and toxicological impact. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134754. [PMID: 35490750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The excessive and unorganised utilisation of pesticides have posed negative impacts on soil and water at higher levels. Pesticides are a major class of persistent organic compounds with high resistance to natural biodegradation and enhanced tendency to bio accumulate. The severe health hazards imposed on the living organisms hinder the ecosystem and lead to chronic and irreversible health issues. Photocatalytic method is reported as a potential alternative with a variety of techniques and materials that are safer, easier, durable, cost-effective and efficient. Nanomaterials play a key role in this domain due to their versatility. In particular, nanostructured materials of organized shapes and morphological properties have gained enormous attention in research and real-time applications. Specifically, nanomaterials like nanotubes, nanorods and nanowires have unique properties and anisotropic structure that make them more suitable for treating pesticide wastes with photocatalysis. Variety of tuning methods and materials are emerging to enhance the activity of titanium and zinc based nanocatalysts in remediation methods. In the present article, four pesticides, namely, atrazine, chlorpyrifos, paraquat and naphthalene are chosen due to their common occurrence and usage in agricultural applications. These pesticides are highly toxic and need special attention to explore appropriate remediation methods. The report also details the latest innovations reported by several research studies in exploring the potential of specially synthesised nanoparticles for photocatalytic removal of pesticide pollutants from environment. For zinc-based hybrid nanomaterials, the maximum disintegration reported were 99%, 98%, 73.3% and 92.3% for atrazine, chlorpyrifos, paraquat and naphthalene, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Akash
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar PC-608002, India
| | - Baskaran Sivaprakash
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar PC-608002, India
| | - Natarajan Rajamohan
- Chemical Engineering Section, Faculty of Engineering, Sohar University, Sohar, PC-311, Oman.
| | - C Muruga Pandiyan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar PC-608002, India
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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Çetinkaya S, Khamidov G, Özcan L, Palmisano L, Yurdakal S. Selective Photocatalytic Oxidation of Glycerol and 3-Pyridinemethanol by Nanotube/Nanowire-Structured TiO2 Powders Obtained by Breakdown Anodization. Front Chem 2022; 10:856947. [PMID: 35646812 PMCID: PMC9135064 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.856947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotube/nanowire-structured TiO2 was formed on the Ti surface by an anodic oxidation method performed at different potential values (50 or 60 V) and for different times (3 or 5 h). The TiO2 photocatalysts were taken in powder form using the ultrasonic treatment from the Ti electrodes, calcined at different temperatures, and characterized by XRD and SEM techniques, and BET surface area analyses. Both the crystallinity and the size of the primary TiO2 particles increased by increasing the heat treatment temperature. While all the photocatalysts heat treated up to 500°C were only in the anatase phase, the particles heat-treated at 700°C consisted of both anatase and rutile phases. The BET specific surface area of the samples decreased drastically after heat treatment of 700°C because of partial sinterization. SEM analyses indicated that the prepared materials were structured in both nanotubes and nanowires. They were tested as photocatalysts for the selective oxidation of glycerol and 3-pyridinemethanol under UVA irradiation in water at room temperature and ambient pressure. Glyceraldehyde, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, and formic acid were determined as products in glycerol oxidation, while the products of 3-pyridinemethanol oxidation were 3-pyridinemethanal and vitamin B3. Non-nanotube/nanowire-structured commercial (Degussa P25 and Merck TiO2) photocatalysts were used for the sake of comparison. Low selectivity values towards the products obtained by partial oxidation were determined for glycerol. On the contrary, higher selectivity values towards the products were obtained (total 3-pyridinemethanal and vitamin B3 selectivity up to ca. 90%) for the photocatalytic oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol. TiO2 photocatalysts must be highly crystalline (calcined at 700°C) for effective oxidation of glycerol, while for the selective oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol it was not necessary to obtain a high crystallinity, and the optimal heat treatment temperature was 250°C. Glycerol and its oxidation products could more easily desorb from highly crystalline and less hydroxylated surfaces, which would justifies their higher activity. The prepared photocatalysts showed lower activity than Degussa P25, but a greater selectivity towards the products found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sıdıka Çetinkaya
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Gofur Khamidov
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Levent Özcan
- Biyomedikal Mühendisliği Bölümü, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Leonardo Palmisano
- Schiavello-Grillone Photocatalysis Group, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Ingegneria (DI), Palermo, Italy
| | - Sedat Yurdakal
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Sedat Yurdakal,
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Partial photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol by Pt, Au and Pd loaded TiO2 nanotubes on Ti plate. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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De Alvarenga G, Hryniewicz BM, Jasper I, Silva RJ, Klobukoski V, Costa FS, Cervantes TN, Amaral CD, Schneider JT, Bach-Toledo L, Peralta-Zamora P, Valerio TL, Soares F, Silva BJ, Vidotti M. Recent trends of micro and nanostructured conducting polymers in health and environmental applications. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lai CW, Samsudin NA, Low FW, Abd Samad NA, Lau KS, Chou PM, Tiong SK, Amin N. Influence of Temperature Reaction for the CdSe-TiO 2 Nanotube Thin Film Formation via Chemical Bath Deposition in Improving the Photoelectrochemical Activity. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112533. [PMID: 32503128 PMCID: PMC7321465 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this present work, we report the deposition of cadmium selenide (CdSe) particles on titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube thin films, using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method at low deposition temperatures ranging from 20 to 60 °C. The deposition temperature had an influence on the overall CdSe–TiO2 nanotube thin film morphologies, chemical composition, phase transition, and optical properties, which, in turn, influenced the photoelectrochemical performance of the samples that were investigated. All samples showed the presence of CdSe particles in the TiO2 nanotube thin film lattice structures with the cubic phase CdSe compound. The amount of CdSe loading on the TiO2 nanotube thin films were increased and tended to form agglomerates as a function of deposition temperature. Interestingly, a significant enhancement in photocurrent density was observed for the CdSe–TiO2 nanotube thin films deposited at 20 °C with a photocurrent density of 1.70 mA cm−2, which was 17% higher than the bare TiO2 nanotube thin films. This sample showed a clear surface morphology without any clogged nanotubes, leading to better ion diffusion, and, thus, an enhanced photocurrent density. Despite having the least CdSe loading on the TiO2 nanotube thin films, the CdSe–TiO2 nanotube thin films deposited at 20 °C showed the highest photocurrent density, which confirmed that a small amount of CdSe is enough to enhance the photoelectrochemical performance of the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Wei Lai
- Level 3, Block A, Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (N.A.A.S.); (K.S.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.W.L.); (N.A.S.); (F.W.L.); Tel.: +603-79676959 (ext. 2925) (C.W.L.)
| | - Nurul Asma Samsudin
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.K.T.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.W.L.); (N.A.S.); (F.W.L.); Tel.: +603-79676959 (ext. 2925) (C.W.L.)
| | - Foo Wah Low
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.K.T.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.W.L.); (N.A.S.); (F.W.L.); Tel.: +603-79676959 (ext. 2925) (C.W.L.)
| | - Nur Azimah Abd Samad
- Level 3, Block A, Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (N.A.A.S.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Kung Shiuh Lau
- Level 3, Block A, Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (N.A.A.S.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Pui May Chou
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Built Environment Engineering, Technology & Design, Taylor’s Lakeside Campus, No. 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Sieh Kiong Tiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.K.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Nowshad Amin
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.K.T.); (N.A.)
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (National University of Malaysia), Bangi 43600, Malaysia
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Yurdakal S, Çetinkaya S, Şarlak MB, Özcan L, Loddo V, Palmisano L. Photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol to 3-pyridinemethanal and vitamin B 3 by TiO 2 nanotubes. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01583c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the first photoelectrocatalytic 3-pyridinemethanol oxidation to 3-pyridinemethanal and vitamin B3 was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Yurdakal
- Kimya Bölümü
- Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi
- Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
- 03200 Afyonkarahisar
- Turkey
| | - Sıdıka Çetinkaya
- Kimya Bölümü
- Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi
- Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
- 03200 Afyonkarahisar
- Turkey
| | - Muhsine Beyza Şarlak
- Kimya Bölümü
- Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi
- Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
- 03200 Afyonkarahisar
- Turkey
| | - Levent Özcan
- Biyomedikal Mühendisliği Bölümü
- Mühendislik Fakültesi
- Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
- 03200 Afyonkarahisar
- Turkey
| | - Vittorio Loddo
- Schiavello-Grillone Photocatalysis Group
- Università degli Studi di Palermo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria (DI)
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Leonardo Palmisano
- Schiavello-Grillone Photocatalysis Group
- Università degli Studi di Palermo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria (DI)
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
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Wang Y, Shen L, Gong Z, Pan J, Zheng X, Xue J. Analytical methods to analyze pesticides and herbicides. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1009-1024. [PMID: 31233653 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Presented in this paper is an annual review of literatures published in 2018 on topics relating to analytical methods for pesticides and herbicides. According to the different techniques, this review is divided into six sections, including extraction methods; chromatographic or mass spectrometric techniques; electrochemical techniques; spectrophotometric techniques; chemiluminescence and fluorescence methods; and biochemical assays. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Totally 134 relevant research articles are summarized. The review is divided into six parts according to the techniques. Chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods are the most widely used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhanyang Gong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jian Pan
- Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Jiande, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Hangzhou Bertzer Catalyst Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinkai Xue
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Special Issue: Application of Photoactive Nanomaterials in Degradation of Pollutants. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12152459. [PMID: 31382373 PMCID: PMC6696202 DOI: 10.3390/ma12152459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Photoactive nanomaterials are receiving increasing attention due to their potential application to light-driven degradation of water and gas-phase pollutants. However, to exploit the strong potential of photoactive materials and access their properties require a fine tuning of their size/shape dependent chemical-physical properties and on the ability to integrate them in photo-reactors or to deposit them on large surfaces. Therefore, the synthetic approach, as well as post-synthesis manipulation could strongly affect the final photocatalytic properties of nanomaterials. The potential application of photoactive nanomaterials in the environmental field includes the abatement of organic pollutant in water, water disinfection, and abatement of gas-phase pollutants in outdoor and indoor applications.
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Zhang Y, Jin Z, Chen L, Wang J. SrFe xNi 1-xO 3-δ Perovskites Coated on Ti Anodes and Their Electrocatalytic Properties for Cleaning Nitrogenous Wastewater. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E511. [PMID: 30744028 PMCID: PMC6384844 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Perovskites (ABO₃), regarded as the antioxidative anode materials in electrocatalysis to clean nitrogenous wastewater, show limited oxygen vacancies and conductivity due to their traditional semiconductor characteristic. To further improve the conductivity and electrocatalytic activity, the ferrum (Fe) element was first doped into the SrNiO₃ to fabricate the SrFexNi1-xO3-δ perovskites, and their optimum fabrication conditions were determined. SrFexNi1-xO3-δ perovskites were coated on a titanium (Ti) plate to prepare the SrFexNi1-xO3-δ/Ti electrodes. Afterward, one SrFexNi1-xO3-δ/Ti anode and two stainless steel cathodes were combined to assemble the electrocatalytic reactor (ECR) for cleaning simulated nitrogenous wastewater ((NH₄)₂SO₄ solution, initial total nitrogen (TN) concentration of 150 mg L⁻¹). Additionally, SrFexNi1-xO3-δ materials were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectra, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel curves, respectively. The results indicate that SrFexNi1-xO3-δ materials are featured with the perovskite crystal structure and Fe is appreciably doped into SrNiO₃. Moreover, the optimum conditions for fabricating SrFexNi1-xO3-δ were the reaction time of 120 min for citrate sol-gel, a calcination temperature of 700 °C, and Fe doping content of x = 0.3. SrFe0.3Ni0.7O2.85, and perovskite performs attractive electrocatalytic activity (TN removal ratio of 91.33%) and ECR conductivity of 3.62 mS cm-¹ under an electrocatalytic time of 150 min. Therefore, SrFexNi1-xO3-δ perovskites are desirable for cleaning nitrogenous wastewater in electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zilu Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Lijun Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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