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Elzein B. Nano Revolution: "Tiny tech, big impact: How nanotechnology is driving SDGs progress". Heliyon 2024; 10:e31393. [PMID: 38818162 PMCID: PMC11137564 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful tool in addressing global challenges and advancing sustainable development. By manipulating materials at the nanoscale, researchers have unlocked new possibilities in various fields, including energy, healthcare, agriculture, construction, transportation, and environmental conservation. This paper explores the potential of nanotechnology and nanostructures in contributing to the achievement of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by improving energy efficiency and energy conversion, leading to a more sustainable and clean energy future, improving water purification processes, enabling access to clean drinking water for communities, enabling targeted drug delivery systems, early disease detection, and personalized medicine, thus revolutionizing healthcare, improving crop yields, efficient nutrient delivery systems, pest control mechanisms, and many other areas, therefore addressing food security issues. It also highlights the potential of nanomaterials in environmental remediation and pollution control. Therefore, by understanding and harnessing nanotechnology's potential, policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders can work together toward a more sustainable future by achieving the 17 UN SDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Elzein
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology, Jeddah, 21451, Saudi Arabia
- Sustainable Development Department, Global Council for Tolerance and Peace, Valetta, Malta
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Abaszadeh F, Ashoub MH, Khajouie G, Amiri M. Nanotechnology development in surgical applications: recent trends and developments. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:537. [PMID: 38001554 PMCID: PMC10668503 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper gives a detailed analysis of nanotechnology's rising involvement in numerous surgical fields. We investigate the use of nanotechnology in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, surgical oncology, heart surgery, vascular surgery, ophthalmic surgery, thoracic surgery, and minimally invasive surgery. The paper details how nanotechnology helps with arthroplasty, chondrogenesis, tissue regeneration, wound healing, and more. It also discusses the employment of nanomaterials in implant surfaces, bone grafting, and breast implants, among other things. The article also explores various nanotechnology uses, including stem cell-incorporated nano scaffolds, nano-surgery, hemostasis, nerve healing, nanorobots, and diagnostic applications. The ethical and safety implications of using nanotechnology in surgery are also addressed. The future possibilities of nanotechnology are investigated, pointing to a possible route for improved patient outcomes. The essay finishes with a comment on nanotechnology's transformational influence in surgical applications and its promise for future breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Abaszadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Muhammad Hossein Ashoub
- Department of Hematology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ghazal Khajouie
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.
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Tuning the Selectivity of Metal Oxide Gas Sensors with Vapor Phase Deposited Ultrathin Polymer Thin Films. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030524. [PMID: 36771827 PMCID: PMC9919086 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal oxide gas sensors are of great interest for applications ranging from lambda sensors to early hazard detection in explosive media and leakage detection due to their superior properties with regard to sensitivity and lifetime, as well as their low cost and portability. However, the influence of ambient gases on the gas response, energy consumption and selectivity still needs to be improved and they are thus the subject of intensive research. In this work, a simple approach is presented to modify and increase the selectivity of gas sensing structures with an ultrathin polymer thin film. The different gas sensing surfaces, CuO, Al2O3/CuO and TiO2 are coated with a conformal < 30 nm Poly(1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-tetravinyl cyclotetrasiloxane) (PV4D4) thin film via solvent-free initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). The obtained structures demonstrate a change in selectivity from ethanol vapor to 2-propanol vapor and an increase in selectivity compared to other vapors of volatile organic compounds. In the case of TiO2 structures coated with a PV4D4 thin film, the increase in selectivity to 2-propanol vapors is observed even at relatively low operating temperatures, starting from >200 °C. The present study demonstrates possibilities for improving the properties of metal oxide gas sensors, which is very important in applications in fields such as medicine, security and food safety.
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Malik S, Muhammad K, Waheed Y. Nanotechnology: A Revolution in Modern Industry. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020661. [PMID: 36677717 PMCID: PMC9865684 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology, contrary to its name, has massively revolutionized industries around the world. This paper predominantly deals with data regarding the applications of nanotechnology in the modernization of several industries. A comprehensive research strategy is adopted to incorporate the latest data driven from major science platforms. Resultantly, a broad-spectrum overview is presented which comprises the diverse applications of nanotechnology in modern industries. This study reveals that nanotechnology is not limited to research labs or small-scale manufacturing units of nanomedicine, but instead has taken a major share in different industries. Companies around the world are now trying to make their innovations more efficient in terms of structuring, working, and designing outlook and productivity by taking advantage of nanotechnology. From small-scale manufacturing and processing units such as those in agriculture, food, and medicine industries to larger-scale production units such as those operating in industries of automobiles, civil engineering, and environmental management, nanotechnology has manifested the modernization of almost every industrial domain on a global scale. With pronounced cooperation among researchers, industrialists, scientists, technologists, environmentalists, and educationists, the more sustainable development of nano-based industries can be predicted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiza Malik
- Bridging Health Foundation, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Muhammad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yasir Waheed
- Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (ORIC), Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University (SZABMU), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1401, Lebanon
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (Y.W.)
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Plant and Microbial Approaches as Green Methods for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Applications, and Future Perspectives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010463. [PMID: 36615655 PMCID: PMC9823860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The unique biological and physicochemical characteristics of biogenic (green-synthesized) nanomaterials (NMs) have attracted significant interest in different fields, with applications in the agrochemical, food, medication delivery, cosmetics, cellular imaging, and biomedical industries. To synthesize biogenic nanomaterials, green synthesis techniques use microorganisms, plant extracts, or proteins as bio-capping and bio-reducing agents and their role as bio-nanofactories for material synthesis at the nanoscale size. Green chemistry is environmentally benign, biocompatible, nontoxic, and economically effective. By taking into account the findings from recent investigations, we shed light on the most recent developments in the green synthesis of nanomaterials using different types of microbes and plants. Additionally, we cover different applications of green-synthesized nanomaterials in the food and textile industries, water treatment, and biomedical applications. Furthermore, we discuss the future perspectives of the green synthesis of nanomaterials to advance their production and applications.
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Eskikaya O, Ozdemir S, Tollu G, Dizge N, Ramaraj R, Manivannan A, Balakrishnan D. Synthesis of two different zinc oxide nanoflowers and comparison of antioxidant and photocatalytic activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135389. [PMID: 35718032 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoflowers are a newly developed class of nanoparticles that show flower-like structures and attract much attention due to their simple preparation methods, high stability, and increased efficiency. The aim of the study is to investigate a strong alternative to reduce the severity of infection and increase the treatment of wastewater by exhibiting biofilm inhibition in medical and environmental applications of the ZnO-NFs with two different shapes. ZnO-NFs were synthesized by two different processes hydrothermal method (named ZnO-NF1) and the precipitation method (named ZnO-NF2). ZnO-NFs produced by two different synthesis methods were compared for the photocatalytic and antioxidant efficiency. The effects of Reactive Red 180 (RR180) and Basic Red 18 (BR18) dyes concentration, photocatalyst amount, and reaction time were investigated on dye removal efficiency for photocatalytic experiments. The color was completely removed for 25 mg/L BR18 and RR180 dyes for 75 min and 90 min, respectively, using 1.5 g/L photocatalyst amount using ZnO-NF1. However, 59.18% dye removal efficiency was obtained for 90 min by using a 1.5 g/L ZnO-NF2 photocatalyst for 25 mg/L BR18 dye removal, while a dye removal efficiency of 90.00% was detected for 90 min using 2 g/L ZnO-NF2 for 25 mg/L RR180 dye. Then, comparison of general properties such as antibacterial, antibiofilm, microbial cell viability, DNA fragmentation, antioxidant activities, and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy of ZnO-NFs were investigated. The antioxidant activity of ZnO-NF2 was found to be higher than ZnO-NF1 at each concentration (82.32% and 87.18% for ZnO-NF1 and ZnO-NF2, respectively, at 200 mg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Eskikaya
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343, Turkey
| | - Sadin Ozdemir
- Food Processing Programme, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343, Turkey
| | - Gülsah Tollu
- Department of Laboratory and Veterinary Health, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343, Turkey
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343, Turkey.
| | | | - Arthi Manivannan
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Deepanraj Balakrishnan
- College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia.
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Zaitseva NV, Zemlyanova MA, Stepankov MS, Ignatova AM, Pustovalova OV, Nikolaeva AE. Peculiarities of bioaccumulation and toxic effects produced by nanoparticles of molybdenum (VI) oxide under multiple oral exposure of rats: examination and comparative assessment. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:PNT-EPUB-126123. [PMID: 36056843 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220902143057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molybdenum (VI) oxide nanoparticles (MoO3 NPs) are widely used in various economic activities. This creates elevated risks of exposure to this nanomaterial for workers and population in general and, consequently, there can be an increased number of developing pathological changes caused by exposure to MoO3 NPs. OBJECTIVE To examine and comparatively assess peculiarities of bioaccumulation and toxic effects produced by MoO NPs under multiple oral introductions. METHODS We evaluated sizes of analyzed particles by scanning electronic microscopy; specific surface area was calculated by the method of Brunauer, Emmett and Taylor; the total pore volume, by Barrett, Joyner and Halenda. Rats were exposed as per the scheme introduced by Lim with colleagues. We examined biochemical and hematological blood indicators, molybdenum concentrations and pathomorphological changes in tissues of various organs 24 hours after the last exposure. The study involved comparison with effects produced by MoO3 microparticles. RESULTS The tested MoO3 sample was established to be a nanomaterial as per the whole set of its physical properties. 50% of animals in the exposed group died on the 16th day in the experiment after the total exposure dose of MoO3 NPs reached 6500 mg/kg of body weight. Having analyzed blood plasma, we determined the following. There was a growth in quantity of leukocytes and a share of segmented neutrophils and monocytes, which were by 1.76-3.50 times higher than in the control group. Activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alpha-amylase, and lactate dehydrogenase, and concentrations of urea, crude and direct bilirubin were higher by 1.61-22.86 times. Decrease in the number of platelets, plateletcrit, the relative number of lymphocytes, the number and proportion of large platelets by 1.31-2.71 times. We detected elevated molybdenum concentrations in the lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, brain and blood under exposure to MoO3 NPs in an amount exceeding the control values by 12.10-361.75 times. Rats exposed to MoO3 NPs had liver parenchymal steatosis, inflammatory changes, hemorrhagic infarctions and hyperplasia in the lungs. CONCLUSION MoO3 NPs have a more apparent ability to bioaccumulate and produce toxic effects in comparison with their microdispersed analogue under multiple oral introductions into the body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Aleksandrovna Zemlyanova
- Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, Russia
- Perm State National Research University, Perm, Russia
- Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia
| | | | - Anna Mikhailovna Ignatova
- Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, Russia
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Perm, Russia
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Rostamabadi MM, Falsafi SR, Nishinari K, Rostamabadi H. Seed gum-based delivery systems and their application in encapsulation of bioactive molecules. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9937-9960. [PMID: 35587167 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2076065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Now-a-days, the food/pharma realm faces with great challenges for the application of bioactive molecules when applying them in free form due to their instability in vitro/in vivo. For promoting the biological and functional properties of bioactive molecules, efficient delivery systems have played a pivotal role offering a controlled delivery and improved bioavailability/solubility of bioactives. Among different carbohydrate-based delivery systems, seed gum-based vehicles (SGVs) have shown great promise, facilitating the delivery of a high concentration of bioactive at the site of action, a controlled payload release, and less bioactive loss. SGVs are potent structures to promote the bioavailability, beneficial properties, and in vitro/in vivo stability of bioactive components. Here, we offer a comprehensive overview of seed gum-based nano- and microdevices as delivery systems for bioactive molecules. We have a focus on structural/functional attributes and health-promoting benefits of seed gums, but also strategies involving modification of these biopolymers are included. Diverse SGVs (nano/microparticles, functional films, hydrogels/nanogels, particles for Pickering nanoemulsions, multilayer carriers, emulsions, and complexes/conjugates) are reviewed and important parameters for bioactive delivery are highlighted (e.g. bioactive-loading capacity, control of bioactive release, (bio)stability, and so on). Future challenges for these biopolymer-based carriers have also been discussed. HighlightsSeed gum-based polymers are promising materials to design different bioactive delivery systems.Seed gum-based delivery systems are particles, fibers, complexes, conjugates, hydrogels, etc.Seed gum-based vehicles are potent structures to promote the bioavailability, beneficial properties, and in vitro/in vivo stability of bioactive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Rostamabadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seid Reza Falsafi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, Department of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Food Hydrocolloid International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hadis Rostamabadi
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Berini F, Orlandi V, Gornati R, Bernardini G, Marinelli F. Nanoantibiotics to fight multidrug resistant infections by Gram-positive bacteria: hope or reality? Biotechnol Adv 2022; 57:107948. [PMID: 35337933 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The spread of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive pathogens represents a threat to human health. To counteract the current lack of novel antibiotics, alternative antibacterial treatments have been increasingly investigated. This review covers the last decade's developments in using nanoparticles as carriers for the two classes of frontline antibiotics active on multidrug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens, i.e., glycopeptide antibiotics and daptomycin. Most of the reviewed papers deal with vancomycin nanoformulations, being teicoplanin- and daptomycin-carrying nanosystems much less investigated. Special attention is addressed to nanoantibiotics used for contrasting biofilm-associated infections. The status of the art related to nanoantibiotic toxicity is critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Berini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Viviana Orlandi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Gornati
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Flavia Marinelli
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
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Electrochemical and dynamic mechanical properties of polyurethane nanocomposite reinforced with functionalized TiO2–ZrO2 nanoparticles in automobile industry. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02393-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Li Y, Luan Y, Liu W, Wang C, Cao H, Liu P. Cellulose nanofibrils/polyvinyl alcohol/silver nanoparticles composite hydrogel: Preparation and its catalyst degradation performance of cationic dye. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Yunhao Luan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Wanyi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Cong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Hui Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Pengtao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
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Hybridization of MMT/Lignocellulosic Fiber Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites for Structural Applications: A Review. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the recent past, significant research effort has been dedicated to examining the usage of nanomaterials hybridized with lignocellulosic fibers as reinforcement in the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites. The introduction of nanoparticles like montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay was found to increase the strength, modulus of elasticity and stiffness of composites and provide thermal stability. The resulting composite materials has figured prominently in research and development efforts devoted to nanocomposites and are often used as strengthening agents, especially for structural applications. The distinct properties of MMT, namely its hydrophilicity, as well as high strength, high aspect ratio and high modulus, aids in the dispersion of this inorganic crystalline layer in water-soluble polymers. The ability of MMT nanoclay to intercalate into the interlayer space of monomers and polymers is used, followed by the exfoliation of filler particles into monolayers of nanoscale particles. The present review article intends to provide a general overview of the features of the structure, chemical composition, and properties of MMT nanoclay and lignocellulosic fibers. Some of the techniques used for obtaining polymer nanocomposites based on lignocellulosic fibers and MMT nanoclay are described: (i) conventional, (ii) intercalation, (iii) melt intercalation, and (iv) in situ polymerization methods. This review also comprehensively discusses the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardancy properties of MMT-based polymer nanocomposites. The valuable properties of MMT nanoclay and lignocellulose fibers allow us to expand the possibilities of using polymer nanocomposites in various advanced industrial applications.
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Abstract
In the last twenty years, research activity around the environmental applications of metal–organic frameworks has bloomed due to their CO2 capture ability, tunable properties, porosity, and well-defined crystalline structure. Thus, hundreds of MOFs have been developed. However, the impact of their production on the environment has not been investigated as thoroughly as their potential applications. In this work, the environmental performance of various synthetic routes of MOF nanoparticles, in particular ZIF-8, is assessed through a life cycle assessment. For this purpose, five representative synthesis routes were considered, and synthesis data were obtained based on available literature. The synthesis included different solvents (de-ionized water, methanol, dimethylformamide) as well as different synthetic steps (i.e., hours of drying, stirring, precursor). The findings revealed that the main environmental weak points identified during production were: (a) the use of dimethylformamide (DMF) and methanol (MeOH) as substances impacting environmental sustainability, which accounted for more than 85% of the overall environmental impacts in those synthetic routes where they were utilized as solvents and as cleaning agents at the same time; (b) the electricity consumption, especially due to the Greek energy mix which is fossil-fuel dependent, and accounted for up to 13% of the overall environmental impacts in some synthetic routes. Nonetheless, for the optimization of the impacts provided by the energy use, suggestions are made based on the use of alternative, cleaner renewable energy sources, which (for the case of wind energy) will decrease the impacts by up to 2%.
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Critical Factors of Industry 4.0 Implementation in an Emerging Country: Empirical Study. FUTURE INTERNET 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fi13060137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of Industry 4.0 is becoming more and more popular all over the world. The implementation of its assumptions in business practice changes the way companies operate. The enormous innovative potential of the Industry 4.0 concept and the intensive use of processes based on the implementation of advanced technologies in its assumptions have an impact on various industries in each country. The article attempts to analyze the critical factors for the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Kazakhstan. Primary and secondary data sources were used for this purpose. The majority of existing government initiatives and reports do not reflect the actual situation. Additionally, these materials do not always represent the experiences or positions of all the parties involved. Opinions of companies and organizations implementing Industry 4.0 solutions remain unexplored. The primary goal of the paper is to fill the cognitive gap by analyzing stakeholder responses and identifying the actual level of their awareness of the development of Industry 4.0. An additional intention of the authors was to empirically establish barriers that companies face while implementing the most desirable technologies, as well as to establish other critical factors, taking into account the specificity of the country under study. The results of the research can be used by policymakers, scientists and other stakeholders to develop forecasts and strategic plans, as well as to develop and conduct further research on the implementation processes of Industry 4.0 in Kazakhstan.
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High Velocity Oxygen Liquid-Fuel (HVOLF) Spraying of WC-Based Coatings for Transport Industrial Applications. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10121675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we analyse five types of coatings, in terms of their microstructure, hardness, porosity, and wear resistance, in the as-sprayed state. The coatings are WC-based (WC-FeCrAl, WC-WB-Co, and WC-NiMoCrFeCo), alloy-based (Co-MoCrSi), or nanoWC coating-based (nanoWC-CoCr). Two tests were applied to assess the wear resistance of the coatings: a dry-pot wear test with two impact angles and an abrasive test using an abrasive cloth with two grit sizes. Porosity was determined by image analysis. Vickers impression was performed on cross-sections of the coatings, in order to determine their indentation fracture toughness. The highest hardness of the tested coatings was recorded for the nanoWC coating, followed by the rest of the WC-based coatings; meanwhile, the lowest hardness was recorded for the alloy coating. Minimal porosity was achieved by the alloy coating, due to its different nature and the absence of hard particles with a higher melting point. The NanoWC coating and other WC-based coatings had a higher porosity; however, porosity did not exceed 1% for each coating. The best wear resistance was achieved by the nanoWC coating, followed by the other WC-based coatings, with the lowest obtained by the alloy coating. The same tendency was recorded when determining the indentation fracture toughness. From a microscopic point of view, the structure of the evaluated coatings is not compact; nevertheless, their properties are excellent, and they act as compact coatings under load.
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Idumah CI, Obele CM, Emmanuel EO, Hassan A. Recently Emerging Nanotechnological Advancements in Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings for Anti-corrosion, Anti-fouling and Self-healing. SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2020; 21:100734. [PMID: 34957345 PMCID: PMC7531442 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2020.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent nanotechnological advancements have enabled novel innovations in protective polymer nanocomposites (PNC) coatings for anti-corrosion, anti-fouling and self-healing services on material surfaces. Nanotechnology encompases research, manufacturing, and application of nanoparticulate architectures, tubular structures, sheets or plates exhibiting sizes below 100 nanometers (nm) in at least a single dimension. Inclusions of nanoparticles into organic entities have demonstrated enhanced properties essential for attainiment of aesthetics, anti-corrosion, thermal stability for high-temperature performances, mechanical strength essential for resisting coating deterioration in harsh environments, nano-architectural cross-linking capable of hindering penetration of corrosive, and biofouling entities. Unlike previously published literature, this paper elucidates very recently emerging important advancements in novel techniques utilized in developing PNC coatings for applications in aerospace, packaging, automotive, biomedicine, maritime, and oil and gas industries for attaining superior anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, and self-healing behaviors on critical material surfaces. Emerging market structures and novel applications are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Igwe Idumah
- Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Chizoba May Obele
- Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Ezeani O Emmanuel
- Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Azman Hassan
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Enhanced Polymer Research Group, Department of Polymer Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
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Skiba E, Pietrzak M, Gapińska M, Wolf WM. Metal Homeostasis and Gas Exchange Dynamics in Pisum sativum L. Exposed to Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8497. [PMID: 33187383 PMCID: PMC7696629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerium dioxide nanoparticles are pollutants of emerging concern. They are rarely immobilized in the environment. This study extends our work on Pisum sativum L. as a model plant, cultivated worldwide, and is well suited for investigating additive interactions induced by nanoceria. Hydroponic cultivation, which prompts accurate plant growth control and three levels of CeO2 supplementation, were applied, namely, 100, 200, and 500 mg (Ce)/L. Phytotoxicity was estimated by fresh weights and photosynthesis parameters. Additionally, Ce, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ca, and Mg contents were analyzed by high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma optical emission techniques. Analysis of variance has proved that CeO2 nanoparticles affected metals uptake. In the roots, it decreased for Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Mg, while a reversed process was observed for Ca. The latter is absorbed more intensively, but translocation to above-ground parts is hampered. At the same time, nanoparticulate CeO2 reduced Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Ca accumulation in pea shoots. The lowest Ce concentration boosted the photosynthesis rate, while the remaining treatments did not induce significant changes. Plant growth stimulation was observed only for the 100 mg/L. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the effect of nanoceria on photosynthesis-related parameters in peas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Skiba
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
| | - Monika Pietrzak
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
| | - Magdalena Gapińska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Wojciech M. Wolf
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
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Sustainable, Renewable and Environmental-Friendly Insulation Systems for High Voltages Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173901. [PMID: 32867078 PMCID: PMC7503315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the inception of high voltage (HV), requisites on the insulating permanence of HV equipment is becoming increasingly crucial. Mineral/synthetic oil liquid insulation-together with solid insulation materials (paper, pressboard)-is the fundamental insulation constituent in HV apparatuses; their insulation attributes perform a substantial part in a reliable and steady performance. Meanwhile, implications on the environment, scarcity of petroleum oil supplies and discarding complications with waste oil have stimulated investigators to steer their attention towards sustainable, renewable, biodegradable and environmentally friendly insulating substances. The contemporary insulating constituent's evolution is driven by numerous dynamics-in particular, environmental obligations and other security and economic issues. Consequently, HV equipment manufacturers must address novel specifications concerning to these new standards. Renewable, sustainable and environmentally friendly insulating materials are continuously substituting conventional insulating items in the market place. These are favorable to traditional insulating materials, due to their superior functionality. The also offer explicit security and eco-friendly advantages. This article discusses cutting-edge technology of environmentally friendly insulating materials, including their fabrication, processing and characterization. The new renewable, insulating systems used in HV equipment are submitted and their fundamental gains stated in comparison with conventional insulating materials. Several experimental efforts carried out in various parts of the world are presented, offering an outline of the existing research conducted on renewable insulating systems. The significance of this article lies in summarizing prior investigations, classifying research essence, inducements and predicting forthcoming research trends. Furthermore, opportunities and constraints being experienced in the field of exploration are evidently reported. Last but not least, imminent research proposals and applications are recommended.
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Wojnarowicz J, Chudoba T, Lojkowski W. A Review of Microwave Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials: Reactants, Process Parameters and Morphoslogies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1086. [PMID: 32486522 PMCID: PMC7353225 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a multifunctional material due to its exceptional physicochemical properties and broad usefulness. The special properties resulting from the reduction of the material size from the macro scale to the nano scale has made the application of ZnO nanomaterials (ZnO NMs) more popular in numerous consumer products. In recent years, particular attention has been drawn to the development of various methods of ZnO NMs synthesis, which above all meet the requirements of the green chemistry approach. The application of the microwave heating technology when obtaining ZnO NMs enables the development of new methods of syntheses, which are characterised by, among others, the possibility to control the properties, repeatability, reproducibility, short synthesis duration, low price, purity, and fulfilment of the eco-friendly approach criterion. The dynamic development of materials engineering is the reason why it is necessary to obtain ZnO NMs with strictly defined properties. The present review aims to discuss the state of the art regarding the microwave synthesis of undoped and doped ZnO NMs. The first part of the review presents the properties of ZnO and new applications of ZnO NMs. Subsequently, the properties of microwave heating are discussed and compared with conventional heating and areas of application are presented. The final part of the paper presents reactants, parameters of processes, and the morphology of products, with a division of the microwave synthesis of ZnO NMs into three primary groups, namely hydrothermal, solvothermal, and hybrid methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Wojnarowicz
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (T.C.); (W.L.)
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Rafiq M, Shafique M, Azam A, Ateeq M. The impacts of nanotechnology on the improvement of liquid insulation of transformers: Emerging trends and challenges. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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