1
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Scott JJR, Lu G, Rodriguez BJ, MacLaren I, Salje EKH, Arredondo M. Evidence of the Monopolar-Dipolar Crossover Regime: A Multiscale Study of Ferroelastic Domains by In Situ Microscopy Techniques. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400646. [PMID: 38686673 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The elastic interaction between kinks (and antikinks) within domain walls plays a pivotal role in shaping the domain structure, and their dynamics. In bulk materials, kinks interact as elastic monopoles, dependent on the distance between walls (d-1) and typically characterized by a rigid and straight domain configuration. In this work the evolution of the domain structure is investigated, as the sample size decreases, by the means of in situ heating microscopy techniques on free-standing samples. As the sample size decreases, a significant transformation is observed: domain walls exhibit pronounced curvature, accompanied by an increase in both domain wall and junction density. This transformation is attributed to the pronounced influence of kinks, inducing sample warping, where "dipole-dipole" interactions are dominant (d-2). Moreover, a critical thickness range that delineates a crossover between the monopolar and dipolar regimens is experimentally identified and corroborated by atomic simulations. These findings are relevant for in situ TEM studies and for the development of novel devices based on free-standing ferroic thin films and nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J R Scott
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland
| | - Guangming Lu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Brian J Rodriguez
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Ian MacLaren
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ekhard K H Salje
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Miryam Arredondo
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland
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2
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Mokhtar AH, Serban D, Porter DG, Lichtenberg F, Collins SP, Bombardi A, Spaldin NA, Newton MC. Three-dimensional domain identification in a single hexagonal manganite nanocrystal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3587. [PMID: 38678047 PMCID: PMC11055849 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The three-dimensional domain structure of ferroelectric materials significantly influences their properties. The ferroelectric domain structure of improper multiferroics, such as YMnO3, is driven by a non-ferroelectric order parameter, leading to unique hexagonal vortex patterns and topologically protected domain walls. Characterizing the three-dimensional structure of these domains and domain walls has been elusive, however, due to a lack of suitable imaging techniques. Here, we present a multi-peak Bragg coherent x-ray diffraction imaging determination of the domain structure in single YMnO3 nanocrystals. We resolve two ferroelectric domains separated by a domain wall and confirm that the primary atomic displacements occur along the crystallographic c-axis. Correlation with atomistic simulations confirms the Mexican hat symmetry model of domain formation, identifying two domains with opposite ferroelectric polarization and adjacent trimerization, manifesting in a clockwise arrangement around the hat's brim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Mokhtar
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton. University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - David Serban
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton. University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Daniel G Porter
- Beamline I16, Diamond Light Source. Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Frank Lichtenberg
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich. Ramistrasse 101, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephen P Collins
- Beamline I16, Diamond Light Source. Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Alessandro Bombardi
- Beamline I16, Diamond Light Source. Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Nicola A Spaldin
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich. Ramistrasse 101, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcus C Newton
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton. University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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3
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Nagashree MC, Kulkarni SD, Rajendra BV, Seidel J, Murari MS, Sharma P. Spray pyrolysis-derived robust ferroelectric BiFeO 3 thin films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22286-22293. [PMID: 37578066 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02877a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Scalable and low-cost synthesis of high-quality ferroic films is critical for the development of advanced electronic devices and sensors. Here, we employ solution-based spray pyrolysis to fabricate bismuth ferrite thin films on glass substrates and explore the impact of annealing conditions to attain functional thin films of superior quality and switchable polarization. Optimised thin films display polycrystalline nanostructured grains with the highest X-ray diffraction intensity along the (110) orientation and a mixed Fe2+/3+ valence suggesting the presence of oxygen vacancies. The optimized films show a complex ferroelectric domain microstructure and exhibit robust nanoscale polarization switching in the range of several volts. Domains are found to scale with the sizes of nanocrystalline grains, which points to the role of surface-energy-related mechanisms affecting the domain patterns. Our results demonstrate the potential of spray pyrolysis for the fabrication of high-quality ferroelectric thin films and provide new opportunities for the development of low-cost scalable advanced electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Nagashree
- Department of Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, India.
| | - S D Kulkarni
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, India.
| | - B V Rajendra
- Department of Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, India.
| | - J Seidel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - M S Murari
- DST Purse Lab, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore-574199, India
| | - P Sharma
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia.
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
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4
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Liu Z, Wang H, Li M, Tao L, Paudel TR, Yu H, Wang Y, Hong S, Zhang M, Ren Z, Xie Y, Tsymbal EY, Chen J, Zhang Z, Tian H. In-plane charged domain walls with memristive behaviour in a ferroelectric film. Nature 2023; 613:656-661. [PMID: 36653455 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Domain-wall nanoelectronics is considered to be a new paradigm for non-volatile memory and logic technologies in which domain walls, rather than domains, serve as an active element. Especially interesting are charged domain walls in ferroelectric structures, which have subnanometre thicknesses and exhibit non-trivial electronic and transport properties that are useful for various nanoelectronics applications1-3. The ability to deterministically create and manipulate charged domain walls is essential to realize their functional properties in electronic devices. Here we report a strategy for the controllable creation and manipulation of in-plane charged domain walls in BiFeO3 ferroelectric films a few nanometres thick. By using an in situ biasing technique within a scanning transmission electron microscope, an unconventional layer-by-layer switching mechanism is detected in which ferroelectric domain growth occurs in the direction parallel to an applied electric field. Based on atomically resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy, in situ charge mapping by in-line electron holography and theoretical calculations, we show that oxygen vacancies accumulating at the charged domain walls are responsible for the domain-wall stability and motion. Voltage control of the in-plane domain-wall position within a BiFeO3 film gives rise to multiple non-volatile resistance states, thus demonstrating the key functional property of being a memristor a few unit cells thick. These results promote a better understanding of ferroelectric switching behaviour and provide a new strategy for creating unit-cell-scale devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongran Liu
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Lingling Tao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Tula R Paudel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA.,Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA
| | - Hongyang Yu
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Hong
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanwu Xie
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Evgeny Y Tsymbal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - Jingsheng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.
| | - Ze Zhang
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - He Tian
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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5
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Nonvolatile ferroelectric domain wall memory integrated on silicon. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4332. [PMID: 35882838 PMCID: PMC9325887 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31763-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroelectric domain wall memories have been proposed as a promising candidate for nonvolatile memories, given their intriguing advantages including low energy consumption and high-density integration. Perovskite oxides possess superior ferroelectric prosperities but perovskite-based domain wall memory integrated on silicon has rarely been reported due to the technical challenges in the sample preparation. Here, we demonstrate a domain wall memory prototype utilizing freestanding BaTiO3 membranes transferred onto silicon. While as-grown BaTiO3 films on (001) SrTiO3 substrate are purely c-axis polarized, we find they exhibit distinct in-plane multidomain structures after released from the substrate and integrated onto silicon due to the collective effects from depolarizing field and strain relaxation. Based on the strong in-plane ferroelectricity, conductive domain walls with reading currents up to nanoampere are observed and can be both created and erased artificially, highlighting the great potential of the integration of perovskite oxides with silicon for ferroelectric domain wall memories. Integrating ferroelectric perovskite oxides on Si is highly desired for electronic applications but challenging. Here, the authors show emergent in-plane ferroelectricity and promising nonvolatile memories based on resistive domain wall in BaTiO3/Si.
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6
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Grünebohm A, Marathe M, Khachaturyan R, Schiedung R, Lupascu DC, Shvartsman VV. Interplay of domain structure and phase transitions: theory, experiment and functionality. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:073002. [PMID: 34731841 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac3607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Domain walls and phase boundaries are fundamental ingredients of ferroelectrics and strongly influence their functional properties. Although both interfaces have been studied for decades, often only a phenomenological macroscopic understanding has been established. The recent developments in experiments and theory allow to address the relevant time and length scales and revisit nucleation, phase propagation and the coupling of domains and phase transitions. This review attempts to specify regularities of domain formation and evolution at ferroelectric transitions and give an overview on unusual polar topological structures that appear as transient states and at the nanoscale. We survey the benefits, validity, and limitations of experimental tools as well as simulation methods to study phase and domain interfaces. We focus on the recent success of these tools in joint scale-bridging studies to solve long lasting puzzles in the field and give an outlook on recent trends in superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grünebohm
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Madhura Marathe
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ruben Khachaturyan
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Raphael Schiedung
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- National Institute for Material Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Doru C Lupascu
- Institute for Materials Science and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Vladimir V Shvartsman
- Institute for Materials Science and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
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7
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Ghara S, Geirhos K, Kuerten L, Lunkenheimer P, Tsurkan V, Fiebig M, Kézsmárki I. Giant conductivity of mobile non-oxide domain walls. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3975. [PMID: 34172747 PMCID: PMC8233373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomically sharp domain walls in ferroelectrics are considered as an ideal platform to realize easy-to-reconfigure nanoelectronic building blocks, created, manipulated and erased by external fields. However, conductive domain walls have been exclusively observed in oxides, where domain wall mobility and conductivity is largely influenced by stoichiometry and defects. Here, we report on giant conductivity of domain walls in the non-oxide ferroelectric GaV4S8. We observe conductive domain walls forming in zig-zagging structures, that are composed of head-to-head and tail-to-tail domain wall segments alternating on the nanoscale. Remarkably, both types of segments possess high conductivity, unimaginable in oxide ferroelectrics. These effectively 2D domain walls, dominating the 3D conductance, can be mobilized by magnetic fields, triggering abrupt conductance changes as large as eight orders of magnitude. These unique properties demonstrate that non-oxide ferroelectrics can be the source of novel phenomena beyond the realm of oxide electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ghara
- grid.7307.30000 0001 2108 9006Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - K. Geirhos
- grid.7307.30000 0001 2108 9006Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - L. Kuerten
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P. Lunkenheimer
- grid.7307.30000 0001 2108 9006Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - V. Tsurkan
- grid.7307.30000 0001 2108 9006Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany ,grid.450974.bInstitute of Applied Physics, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - M. Fiebig
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - I. Kézsmárki
- grid.7307.30000 0001 2108 9006Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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8
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Rubio-Marcos F, Del Campo A, Ordoñez-Pimentel J, Venet M, Rojas-Hernandez RE, Páez-Margarit D, Ochoa DA, Fernández JF, García JE. Photocontrolled Strain in Polycrystalline Ferroelectrics via Domain Engineering Strategy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:20858-20864. [PMID: 33881295 PMCID: PMC8480775 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of photonic concepts to achieve nanoactuation based on light triggering requires complex architectures to obtain the desired effect. In this context, the recent discovery of reversible optical control of the domain configuration in ferroelectrics offers a light-ferroic interplay that can be easily controlled. To date, however, the optical control of ferroelectric domains has been explored in single crystals, although polycrystals are technologically more desirable because they can be manufactured in a scalable and reproducible fashion. Here we report experimental evidence for a large photostrain response in polycrystalline BaTiO3 that is comparable to their electrostrain values. Domains engineering is performed through grain size control, thereby evidencing that charged domain walls appear to be the functional interfaces for the light-driven domain switching. The findings shed light on the design of high-performance photoactuators based on ferroelectric ceramics, providing a feasible alternative to conventional voltage-driven nanoactuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rubio-Marcos
- Department
of Electroceramics, Instituto de Cerámica
y Vidrio, CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Adolfo Del Campo
- Department
of Electroceramics, Instituto de Cerámica
y Vidrio, CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jonathan Ordoñez-Pimentel
- Department
of Physics, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Department
of Physics, Universidade Federal de Sao
Carlos, Sao Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Michel Venet
- Department
of Physics, Universidade Federal de Sao
Carlos, Sao Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | | | - David Páez-Margarit
- Department
of Physics, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Diego A. Ochoa
- Department
of Physics, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - José F. Fernández
- Department
of Electroceramics, Instituto de Cerámica
y Vidrio, CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jose E. García
- Department
of Physics, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, Barcelona 08034, Spain
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9
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Zhang D, Luo ZD, Yao Y, Schoenherr P, Sha C, Pan Y, Sharma P, Alexe M, Seidel J. Anisotropic Ion Migration and Electronic Conduction in van der Waals Ferroelectric CuInP 2S 6. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:995-1002. [PMID: 33404251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Van der Waals (vdW) thio- and seleno-phosphates have recently gained considerable attention for the use as "active" dielectrics in two-dimensional/quasi-two-dimensional electronic devices. Bulk ionic conductivity in these materials has been identified as a key factor for the control of their electronic properties. However, direct evidence of specific ion species' migration at the nanoscale, particularly under electric fields, and its impact on material properties has been elusive. Here, we report on direct evidence of a phase-selective anisotropic Cu-ion-hopping mechanism in copper indium thiophosphate (CuInP2S6) through detailed scanning probe microscopy measurements. A two-step Cu-hopping path including a first intralayer hopping (in-plane) and second interlayer hopping (out-of-plane) crossing the vdW gap is unveiled. Evidence of electrically controlled Cu ion migration is further verified by nanoscale energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping. These findings offer new insight into anisotropic ionic manipulation in layered vdW ferroelectric/dielectric materials for emergent vdW electronic device design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zheng-Dong Luo
- Department of Physics, The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Yin Yao
- Electron Microscopy Unit (EMU), Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Peggy Schoenherr
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chuhan Sha
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ying Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Marin Alexe
- Department of Physics, The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Seidel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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10
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Avalanche criticality during ferroelectric/ferroelastic switching. Nat Commun 2021; 12:345. [PMID: 33436615 PMCID: PMC7804440 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Field induced domain wall displacements define ferroelectric/ferroelastic hysteresis loops, which are at the core of piezoelectric, magnetoelectric and memristive devices. These collective displacements are scale invariant jumps with avalanche characteristics. Here, we analyse the spatial distribution of avalanches in ferroelectrics with different domain and transformation patterns: Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 contains complex domains with needles and junction patterns, while BaTiO3 has parallel straight domains. Nevertheless, their avalanche characteristics are indistinguishable. The energies, areas and perimeters of the switched regions are power law distributed with exponents close to predicted mean field values. At the coercive field, the area exponent decreases, while the fractal dimension increases. This fine structure of the switching process has not been detected before and suggests that switching occurs via criticality at the coercive field with fundamentally different switching geometries at and near this critical point. We conjecture that the domain switching process in ferroelectrics is universal at the coercive field. While classical approaches rely on the study of individual ferroelectric domain wall movement on long time scales, the authors consider collective movements of domain walls during short time scales, characterized by discrete jumps, as indicators of avalanches on a broad range of scales.
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11
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Burns SR, Dolgos MR. Sizing up (K 1−xNa x)NbO 3 films: a review of synthesis routes, properties & applications. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01092a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses (K,Na)NbO3 thin films, with a focus on synthesis, chemically modifying properties, plus piezoelectric and biomedical KNN devices.
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12
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Morozovska AN, Eliseev EA, Karpinsky DV, Silibin MV, Vasudevan R, Kalinin SV, Genenko YA. Mesoscopic theory of defect ordering-disordering transitions in thin oxide films. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22377. [PMID: 33361783 PMCID: PMC7759602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79482-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ordering of mobile defects in functional materials can give rise to fundamentally new phases possessing ferroic and multiferroic functionalities. Here we develop the Landau theory for strain induced ordering of defects (e.g. oxygen vacancies) in thin oxide films, considering both the ordering and wavelength of possible instabilities. Using derived analytical expressions for the energies of various defect-ordered states, we calculated and analyzed phase diagrams dependence on the film-substrate mismatch strain, concentration of defects, and Vegard coefficients. Obtained results open possibilities to create and control superstructures of ordered defects in thin oxide films by selecting the appropriate substrate and defect concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna N Morozovska
- Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 46, pr. Nauky, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Eugene A Eliseev
- Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Krjijanovskogo 3, Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine
| | - Dmitry V Karpinsky
- Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus, 220072, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Maxim V Silibin
- National Research University of Electronic Technology "MIET", Moscow, Russia, 124498
- Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Rama Vasudevan
- The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37922, USA
| | - Sergei V Kalinin
- The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37922, USA.
| | - Yuri A Genenko
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str.3, Darmstadt, Germany.
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