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Gys N, Pawlak B, Lufungula LL, Marcoen K, Wyns K, Baert K, Atia TA, Spooren J, Adriaensens P, Blockhuys F, Hauffman T, Meynen V, Mullens S, Michielsen B. Selective Pd recovery from acidic leachates by 3-mercaptopropylphosphonic acid grafted TiO 2: does surface coverage correlate to performance? RSC Adv 2022; 12:36046-36062. [PMID: 36545072 PMCID: PMC9756939 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of metal oxides with organophosphonic acids (PAs) provides the ability to control and tailor the surface properties. The metal oxide phosphonic acid bond (M-O-P) is known to be stable under harsh conditions, making PAs a promising candidate for the recovery of metals from complex acidic leachates. The thiol functional group is an excellent regenerable scavenging group for these applications. However, the research on organophosphonic acid grafting with thiol groups is very limited. In this study, four different metal sorbent materials were designed with different thiol surface coverages. An aqueous-based grafting of 3-mercaptopropylphosphonic acid (3MPPA) on mesoporous TiO2 was employed. Surface grafted thiol groups could be obtained in the range from 0.9 to 1.9 groups per nm2. The different obtained surface properties were studied and correlated to the Pd adsorption performance. High Pd/S adsorption efficiencies were achieved, indicating the presence of readily available sorption sites. A large difference in their selectivity towards Pd removal from a spend automotive catalyst leachate was observed due to the co-adsorption of Fe on the titania support. The highest surface coverage showed the highest selectivity (K d: 530 mL g-1) and adsorption capacity (Q max: 0.32 mmol g-1) towards Pd, while strongly reducing the co-adsorption of Fe on remaining TiO2 sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Gys
- Sustainable Materials, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV)Boeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium,Laboratory of Adsorption and Catalysis (LADCA), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1Wilrijk 2610Belgium
| | - Bram Pawlak
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry (ACC), Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt UniversityAgoralaan 1Diepenbeek 3590Belgium
| | - Léon Luntadila Lufungula
- Structural Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of AntwerpGroenenborgerlaan 171Antwerp 2020Belgium
| | - Kristof Marcoen
- Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF), Department Materials and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 2Brussels 1050Belgium
| | - Kenny Wyns
- Sustainable Materials, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV)Boeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium
| | - Kitty Baert
- Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF), Department Materials and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 2Brussels 1050Belgium
| | - Thomas Abo Atia
- Sustainable Materials, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV)Boeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium,Department of Chemistry, KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200FLeuven 3000Belgium
| | - Jeroen Spooren
- Sustainable Materials, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV)Boeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry (ACC), Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt UniversityAgoralaan 1Diepenbeek 3590Belgium
| | - Frank Blockhuys
- Structural Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of AntwerpGroenenborgerlaan 171Antwerp 2020Belgium
| | - Tom Hauffman
- Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF), Department Materials and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 2Brussels 1050Belgium
| | - Vera Meynen
- Sustainable Materials, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV)Boeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium,Laboratory of Adsorption and Catalysis (LADCA), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1Wilrijk 2610Belgium
| | - Steven Mullens
- Sustainable Materials, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV)Boeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium
| | - Bart Michielsen
- Sustainable Materials, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV)Boeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium
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Mastalir Á, Molnár Á. Coupling reactions induced by ionic palladium species deposited onto porous support materials. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hydroxyl-Decorated Diiron Complex as a [FeFe]-Hydrogenase Active Site Model Complex: Light-Driven Photocatalytic Activity and Heterogenization on Ethylene-Bridged Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12030254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A biomimetic model complex of the [FeFe]-hydrogenase active site (FeFeOH) with an ethylene bridge and a pendant hydroxyl group has been synthesized, characterized and evaluated as catalyst for the light-driven hydrogen production. The interaction of the hydroxyl group present in the complex with 3-isocyanopropyltriethoxysilane provided a carbamate triethoxysilane bearing a diiron dithiolate complex (NCOFeFe), thus becoming a potentially promising candidate for anchoring on heterogeneous supports. As a proof of concept, the NCOFeFe precursor was anchored by a grafting procedure into a periodic mesoporous organosilica with ethane bridges (EthanePMO@NCOFeFe). Both molecular and heterogenized complexes were tested as catalysts for light-driven hydrogen generation in aqueous solutions. The photocatalytic conditions were optimized for the homogenous complex by varying the reaction time, pH, amount of the catalyst or photosensitizer, photon flux, and the type of light source (light-emitting diode (LED) and Xe lamp). It was shown that the molecular FeFeOH diiron complex achieved a decent turnover number (TON) of 70 after 6 h, while NCOFeFe and EthanePMO@NCOFeFe had slightly lower activities showing TONs of 37 and 5 at 6 h, respectively.
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Elmekawy A. Simultaneous Determination of Residual Palladium and Thiol Homogeneous Scavenger N-Acetylcysteine in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Using Inductive Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elmekawy
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
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Li X, Huang ZG, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Li HYH, Martin DC, Ni C. Si-thiol supported atomic-scale palladium as efficient and recyclable catalyst for Suzuki coupling reaction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:355704. [PMID: 32428890 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab9473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atomic-scale catalysts leverage the advantages of both heterogeneous catalysts for their stability and reusability and homogeneous catalysts for their isolated active sites. Here, a palladium catalyst supported by Si-thiol, a commercially available mercaptopropyl-modified and TMS-passivated amorphous silica, was synthesized and characterized by SEM,TEM, aberration-corrected STEM-HAADF, XRD, FT-IR and XPS. Statistical analysis revealed that the catalytic Pd species predominantly consisted of intermediate sized nanoparticles (<2 nm), small amounts of essentially isolated atoms (ca. 0.1 nm), and limited amounts of somewhat larger nanoparticles (<5 nm). The nanoscale atomic clusters dominated the reactivity and served as the key active sites for Suzuki coupling. The outcomes of the reaction were greatly affected by the choice of solvents, and Pd/Si-thiol was demonstrated to be reusable for more than three times without a noticeable loss of catalytic activity. [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiazhang Li
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, People's Republic of China. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States of America
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