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Yong X, Liu X, Yang M, Zhou X. First-Principles Calculate the Stability, Mechanical Properties and Electronic Structure of Carbide MC, M 2C and M 6C in M50NiL Steel. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3498. [PMID: 39063790 PMCID: PMC11278027 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, the stability, mechanical properties and electronic structure of carbides in steel were calculated using the first-principles method based on the density functional theory (DFT). Firstly, the MC, M2C, M6C (M = Cr, Mo, V, Fe) carbides models were established. Then, different interphases' lattice constants, formation enthalpy, binding energy and elastic modulus were calculated. The stability, hardness, ductility and anisotropy of each phase were finally analyzed. The results show that these phases are stable, and the stability is closely related to the electron loss ability of its metal elements. The stronger the electron loss ability of its metal elements, the more stable the formed phase. As for MC carbides, MoC has the largest bulk modulus and hardness. As for M2C carbides, the Poisson's ratio of Cr2C is the smallest, and all phases except for Cr2C show toughness and ductility. The anisotropy of M6C carbides is relatively poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yong
- Institute for Special Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Xiating Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
| | - Maosheng Yang
- Institute for Special Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Xiaolong Zhou
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
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Yu J, Chen Z, Li T, Feng T, Huang J, Liu Y, Ni Z, Yu L, Qiao W. Nonlinear Optical Modulation Characteristics of MXene Cr 2C for 2 μm Pulsed Lasers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1965. [PMID: 37446479 DOI: 10.3390/nano13131965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
MXene materials have shown numerous useful mechanical and electronic properties, and have been found to possess nice potential in the field of optical modulation. Here, we fabricated a MXene Cr2C saturable absorber by the liquid-phase exfoliation method, and systemically analyzed the surface morphology and nonlinear properties of the Cr2C sample. Applying the Cr2C saturable absorber as a Q-switch in a thulium-doped yttrium aluminum perovskite (Tm: YAP) laser, the shortest single pulse was obtained with a width of 602 ns under an absorbed pump power of 3.3 W at a repetition rate of 55 kHz with a T = 1% output coupler. The maximum output power was obtained with a T = 5% output coupler at a repetition rate of 58 kHz. The obtained maximum pulse energy and peak power were 3.96 μJ and 4.36 W, separately, which reveal that the MXene Cr2C can be applied as a promising modulation material in the near-infrared pulsed lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Yu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- China Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zijun Chen
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- China Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Tianli Feng
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- China Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiacheng Huang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yizhou Liu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- China Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zheng Ni
- CHN Energy Shouguang Company, Weifang 262714, China
| | - Li Yu
- Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wenchao Qiao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- China Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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