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Dzięgielewski M, Regulska K, Korycki R, Klimek L. Analysis of Stress and Displacement Fields in Prosthetic Crowns Made of Zirconium Dioxide Using Numerical Approach of Homogenization Hypothesis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7716. [PMID: 36363304 PMCID: PMC9656074 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to analyze the stress and displacement fields in prosthetic crowns made of zirconium dioxide using the numerical approach of homogenization hypothesis. The simple engineering model is developed and applied in case of vertical forces. The model is a three-dimensional simulation of molars subjected to crushing, mastication, and clenching. Two basic approaches are considered: the single prosthetic crown on a single molar, and the prosthetic bridge on two molars. The distributions of material parameters are determined for the rigid support and the elastic gum structure of the homogenized properties. The crown on a single molar is analyzed in respect of caries, which are represented by weak material parameters. Irrespective of the problem, the maximal stresses are always insignificant compared to the compressive strength for enamel, dentin, periodontium, and zirconium dioxide. In case of caries, the maximal stresses are located at the contact surface caries/crown, whereas the displacement was higher than the same parameter without caries. The stresses inside the prosthetic bridge on two molars were comparable for elastic and rigid support, and located at the same areas. The molar displacement for elastic gum was higher than for the rigid base, and additionally supplemented by the displacement of the supporting structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Dzięgielewski
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kinga Regulska
- Interdisciplinary Doctoral School, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Korycki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Leszek Klimek
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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Abstract
Resin-bonded ceramic restorations are common treatment options. Clinical longevity of resin-bonded ceramic restorations depends on the quality and durability of the resin-ceramic bond. The type and composition of the specific ceramic determines the selection of the most effective bonding protocol. Such protocol typically includes a surface pretreatment step followed by application of a priming agent. Understanding of fundamental ceramic properties and chemical compositions enables the clinician to make proper material selection decisions for clinically successful and long-lasting restorations. Based on research accrued over the past decades, this article reviews and discusses current resin-bonding protocols to most commonly used dental ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Blatz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Julian Conejo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amirah Alammar
- Sijam Medical Center, Northern Ring Road, Alghadeer District, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose Ayub
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Influence of Abrasive Treatment on a Transformation of Zirconium Oxide Used in Dental Prosthetics. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124245. [PMID: 35744306 PMCID: PMC9229235 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Zirconium oxide is a ceramic most often used in the field of dentistry for permanently cementing the substructures of prosthetic restorations in patients. The surface of zirconium oxide should be prepared properly because in the next stage it must be covered with porcelain. The success of prosthetics treatment depends on various factors, but it has been reported that the transformation of zirconium oxide plays a key role. The purpose of the research was to investigate the effect of abrasive blasting on the transformation of zirconium oxide. The research has shown that this type of surface treatment causes the transformation of the tetragonal phase into a monoclinic one. The samples were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The study confirmed the assumption.
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Alahmari NM, Adawi HA, Al, Moaleem MM, Alqahtani MMA, Alkahtani LAA, Alqahtani GAS, Aldhelai TA. Bonding Strength of Lithium Disilicate Adhesive Crowns with Different Occluso-Cervical Preparation Heights and Cement Types. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate if adhesion technology with CAD/CAM can compensate for the reduction of occluso cervical preparation heights using different types of dental cement. The de-bonding failure types were then assessed. Here, 72 caries-free extracted human premolar teeth
were prepared to have a remaining occlusal height of two, three, and four mm. IPS e.max lithium disilicate CAD/CAM crowns were cemented with adhesive resin cement Panavia SA, self-adhesive resin cement, RelyX Unicem Aplicap, and zinc phosphate cement. The cementation techniques were based
on the manufacturer’s instructions. After thermocycling, all samples were tested for tensile bond strength via an Instron machine. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc testing (P < 0.05) was performed. The means TBS for the two, three, and four-mm OCHP groups
were 2.72±0.69, 3.06±0.82, and 3.25±0.79.0 MPa; ARC, SARC, and ZPC were 3.41±0.51, 3.45±0.41, 2.08±0.35 MPa, respectively with significant differences in both. The mixed cement had failures in the resin cement groups. Failure was predominantly cohesive
in the zinc phosphate group. Resin cement had the highest SBS values versus ZPC values when both bonded to lithium disilicate crowns with different occlusal heights. The failure of the adhesive to the crown and/or to the tooth were the highest for the four types of resin cement. Around 25%
were cohesive failures with resin cement, but this was predominately adhesive in crowns in zinc phosphate regardless of the preparation heights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M. Alahmari
- Prosthetic Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 62562, SA
| | - Hafiz A. Adawi
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Al, Moaleem
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Thiyezen A. Aldhelai
- Department of Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51473, SA; Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, IBB, 00967, Yemen
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Malysa A, Wezgowiec J, Grzebieluch W, Danel DP, Wieckiewicz M. Effect of Thermocycling on the Bond Strength of Self-Adhesive Resin Cements Used for Luting CAD/CAM Ceramics to Human Dentin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020745. [PMID: 35054931 PMCID: PMC8775995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of thermocycling on the shear bond strength of self-adhesive, self-etching resin cements luted to human dentin and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramics. Three modern self-adhesive dental cements (Maxcem Elite, RelyX U200, Panavia SA) were used to lute three CAD/CAM ceramics (IPS Empress CAD, IPS e.max CAD, IPS e.max ZirCAD) onto the dentin. One conventional cement (Panavia V5) served as a control. After preparation, the samples were subjected to thermocycling as a method of artificial aging of dental materials applied to simulate long-term use in oral conditions. Shear bond strength was evaluated according to PN-EN ISO 29022:2013-10 and failure modes were observed under a light microscope. Statistical analysis was performed. The study demonstrated that a combination of ceramics and cements directly impacts the bond strength. The highest bond strength was observed in Panavia V5, lower in Panavia SA and Maxcem Elite and the lowest–in RelyX U200. Adhesive failure between human dentin and cements was the most common failure mode. Moreover, thermocycling highly decreased bond strength of self-adhesive, self-etching cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Malysa
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Joanna Wezgowiec
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Wojciech Grzebieluch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Dariusz P. Danel
- Department of Anthropology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Mieszko Wieckiewicz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Analysis of the Surface Condition and Changes in Crystallographic Structure of Zirconium Oxide Affected by Mechanical Processing. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14144042. [PMID: 34300962 PMCID: PMC8306834 DOI: 10.3390/ma14144042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Zirconium oxide is a material commonly used in dental prosthetics for making cups of permanent prosthetic restorations. In order to properly prepare the surface of zirconium oxide for prosthetic treatment, it must be veneered with ceramics. The quality of cup-veneered ceramics is dependent on many factors, including the surface free energy (SFE) and transformation of zirconium oxide. The aim of the study was to investigate the type of phase transition and the value of free energy of the surface subjected to machining (wet and dry grinding, polishing). Quantitative and qualitative phase identification measurements showed that mechanical treatment causes transformation of the tetragonal phase into a monoclinic phase in the zirconium oxide surface. Prepared samples were analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), which confirmed the phenomenon of transition. Measurements of the wetting angle and the calculated values of the surface free energy (SFE) showed no significant differences between the samples subjected to each treatment
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