1
|
Kasai H, Bergamo ET, Balderrama ÍD, Imamura K, Witek L, Jalkh EB, Bonfante EA, Inoue K, Coelho PG, Yamano S. The effect of nano hydroxyapatite coating implant surfaces on gene expression and osseointegration. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2024; 29:e326-e333. [PMID: 37992148 PMCID: PMC11175578 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.26303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hierarchical micro-nano structured topography along with surface chemistry modifications of dental implants have been suggested to positively contribute to the osseointegration process. However, the effect of such surface modifications on the molecular response as well as bone formation rate and quality are still unclear, especially in the early healing period. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of coating a double acid etched (DAE) implant surface with nano-sized (20 nm) hydroxyapatite (Nano) with respect to gene expression, histologic parameters, and nanomechanical properties when compared to DAE control at 1 and 2 weeks after implant placement in a rodent femur model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Expression of bone-related genes was determined by qRT-PCR (Col-I, Runx-2, Osx, Opn, Ocn, Alp). Histomorphometric evaluation of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) within implant threads was performed using photomicrographs after histologic processing. Mechanical properties, reduced elastic modulus and hardness, were determined through nanoindentation. RESULTS At 1 week, the nano group demonstrated significantly higher expression of Col-I and Ocn compared to the DAE group, indicating upregulation of osteoprogenitor and osteoblast differentiation genes. At 2 weeks, Nano surface further exhibited enhanced gene expression of Col-I and Osx in comparison to the DAE surface, suggesting an increased mineralization of the newly formed bone. Nanoindentation analysis revealed that the Nano group presented no significant difference on the ranks of reduced elastic modulus and hardness compared to DAE for both timepoints. Histomorphometric analysis yielded no significant difference in the percentage of BIC and BAFO between the Nano and DAE surfaces at 1 and 2 weeks. However, Nano implants did present a higher mean value, ~50%, of BIC compared to DAE, ~30%, after 2 weeks in vivo. CONCLUSIONS While no significant differences were observed in the amount and mechanical properties of newly formed bone, Nano surface positively and significantly increased the expression osteogenic genes compared to DAE surface at early healing periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kasai
- Biomaterials Division New York University College of Dentistry 345 E. 24th St, Room 902D / New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Júnior JAG, Nóbrega F, Oliveira PG, Bergamo ET, Cadore U, Gomes MZDV, Kjellin P, Chaushu L, Bezerra F, Ghiraldini B, Scombatti de Souza S. Evaluation of Implant Surface Modification with Nanohydroxyapatite Associated with the Use of L-PRF: In Vivo Study in Rats. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:370. [PMID: 37504865 PMCID: PMC10381410 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) contains growth factors that stimulate bone regeneration. This study evaluated the bone repair in a tibia rat model around two implant surfaces in combination or not with L-PRF by assessing microtomographic and histomorphometric parameters. A total of 48 female rats were used in the study, in which 24 received implants with two types of surface treatments (dual acid etched-DAE or nanohydroxyapatite-nanoHA), and the other 24 received the same mini implants with L-PRF, which was collected by cardiac puncture, centrifugated, and inserted in the bone bed. The animals were euthanized 7 and 30 days after implant placement, and the retrieved samples were prepared for microtomographic and histomorphometric (bone-to-implant contact-BIC; and Bone Area Fraction Occupancy-BAFO) analyses. The adhesion of the nanoHA surface onto the implant surface was investigated by insertion and removal in simulated bone medium (Sawbones). The adhesion evaluation revealed that the loss of nanoHA after this procedure (as measured with SEM) from the implant surface was less than 1%. Overall, the nanoHA surface presented more bone in contact and in proximity to the implant, a higher bone surface/tissue volume fraction, a higher number of bone trabeculae, as well as trabecular separation relative to the DAE surface. Such results were more evident when the nanoHA surface was combined with L-PRF and after 30 days in vivo. The nanoHA surface presented higher BAFO when compared to DAE, with or without association with L-PRF. Therefore, implants with a nanoHA surface potentially benefit from the association to L-PRF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Augusto Gabarra Júnior
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Nóbrega
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Gabriela Oliveira
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University Center of State of Para, Belem 66060-575, PA, Brazil
| | - Edmara Tatiely Bergamo
- Department of Periodontology and Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Uislen Cadore
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Per Kjellin
- Promimic AB, AstraZeneca BioventureHub, 481 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Liat Chaushu
- Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Fabio Bezerra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ghiraldini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Scombatti de Souza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
PEREIRA RM, RIBAS RG, MONTANHEIRO TLDA, SCHATKOSKI VM, RODRIGUES KF, KITO LT, KOBO LK, CAMPOS TMB, BONFANTE EA, GIERTHMUEHLEN PC, SPITZNAGEL FA, THIM GP. An engineering perspective of ceramics applied in dental reconstructions. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220421. [PMID: 36820784 PMCID: PMC9972857 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The demands for dental materials continue to grow, driven by the desire to reach a better performance than currently achieved by the available materials. In the dental restorative ceramic field, the structures evolved from the metal-ceramic systems to highly translucent multilayered zirconia, aiming not only for tailored mechanical properties but also for the aesthetics to mimic natural teeth. Ceramics are widely used in prosthetic dentistry due to their attractive clinical properties, including high strength, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and a good combination of optical properties. Metal-ceramics type has always been the golden standard of dental reconstruction. However, this system lacks aesthetic aspects. For this reason, efforts are made to develop materials that met both the mechanical features necessary for the safe performance of the restoration as well as the aesthetic aspects, aiming for a beautiful smile. In this field, glass and high-strength core ceramics have been highly investigated for applications in dental restoration due to their excellent combination of mechanical properties and translucency. However, since these are recent materials when compared with the metal-ceramic system, many studies are still required to guarantee the quality and longevity of these systems. Therefore, a background on available dental materials properties is a starting point to provoke a discussion on the development of potential alternatives to rehabilitate lost hard and soft tissue structures with ceramic-based tooth and implant-supported reconstructions. This review aims to bring the most recent materials research of the two major categories of ceramic restorations: ceramic-metal system and all-ceramic restorations. The practical aspects are herein presented regarding the evolution and development of materials, technologies applications, strength, color, and aesthetics. A trend was observed to use high-strength core ceramics type due to their ability to be manufactured by CAD/CAM technology. In addition, the impacts of COVID-19 on the market of dental restorative ceramics are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Monteiro PEREIRA
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Renata Guimarães RIBAS
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Thaís Larissa do Amaral MONTANHEIRO
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Modelski SCHATKOSKI
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Karla Faquine RODRIGUES
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Letícia Terumi KITO
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Lucas Kazunori KOBO
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Tiago Moreira Bastos CAMPOS
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Estevam Augusto BONFANTE
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Odontologia de BauruDepartamento de Prótese e PeriodontiaBauruSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Bauru, SP, Brasil.
| | - Petra Christine GIERTHMUEHLEN
- Heinrich-Heine-UniversityMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermanyHeinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Department of Prosthodontics, Germany.
| | - Frank Akito SPITZNAGEL
- Heinrich-Heine-UniversityMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermanyHeinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Department of Prosthodontics, Germany.
| | - Gilmar Patrocínio THIM
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nunes F, Oliveira P, Bergamo E, Kjellin P, Novaes A, Ghiraldini B, Bezerra F, Scombatti de Souza S. Effect of Smoke Exposure on Gene Expression in Bone Healing around Implants Coated with Nanohydroxyapatite. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3737. [PMID: 36364513 PMCID: PMC9653954 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of smoke exposure on the expression of genes related to bone metabolism in implants coated with nanohydroxyapatite (NHA). A total of 36 rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for 60 days. The animals were allocated into three groups: machined implants (MAC), dual acid-etched implants (DAE), and NHA-coated implants (NHA). Implants were installed in the left tibia of the rats after 30 days of smoke exposure. The implants were retrieved 7 and 30 days after implantation, and the adjacent bone analyzed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction for gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), the RANKL/OPG ratio, osteocalcin (OCN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). After 7 days, Runx2, OPN and OPG expression demonstrated significantly higher levels for the NHA surface treatment relative to DAE and MAC surfaces. NHA presented the lowest RANKL and RANKL/OPG levels. After 30 days, NHA-coated implants showed significantly higher levels of Runx2, ALP, OPN, OPG, OC, RANKL and RANKL/OPG relative to DAE and MAC implants. The results indicated a greater osteogenic and high osteoclastic activity around NHA implants, in comparison to DAE and MAC implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Nunes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Oliveira
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University Center of State of Para, Belem 66060-575, PA, Brazil
| | - Edmara Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Per Kjellin
- Promimic AB, AstraZeneca BioventureHub, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Arthur Novaes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ghiraldini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Bezerra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Scombatti de Souza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martins SHL, Cadore UB, Novaes AB, Messora MR, Ghiraldini B, Bezerra FJB, Botticelli D, de Souza SLS. Evaluation of Bone Response to a Nano HA Implant Surface on Sinus Lifting Procedures: Study in Rabbits. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030122. [PMID: 35997460 PMCID: PMC9397014 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone response to two different implant surfaces on sinus lift procedures in rabbits. Bilateral sinus lifting with inorganic bovine bone associated with collagen membrane and immediate implantation were performed in 16 rabbits. Custom mini-implants were randomly installed in the prepared sites: one side received a double acid-etched (DAE) surface and the other a nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA) surface. The animals were euthanized 30 and 60 days after surgery, and biopsies were collected for microtomographic and histomorphometric analysis. After 30 days, no intra- and inter-group statistical differences were observed in microtomographic analysis, while at 60 days, bone analysis showed statistically significant differences between groups (p < 0.05) for all the evaluated parameters. Histomorphometric analysis showed, after 30 days, mean % of Bone-to-Implant Contact (BIC) for DAE and NHA of 31.70 ± 10.42% vs. 40.60 ± 10.22% (p > 0.05), respectively; for % of Bone Area Fraction Occupancy (BAFO), mean values were 45.43 ± 3.597% for DAE and 57.04 ± 5.537% for NHA (p < 0.05). After 60 days, mean %BIC and %BAFO for DAE and NHA implants were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The NHA surface showed superior biological features compared to the DAE treatment, promoting higher bone formation around the implants in an experimental model of bone repair in a grafted area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio H. L. Martins
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Uislen B. Cadore
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur B. Novaes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Michel R. Messora
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ghiraldini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio J. B. Bezerra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniele Botticelli
- ARDEC (Ariminum Research & Dental Education Center) Academy, Viale Giovanni Pascoli 67, 47923 Rimini, Italy
| | - Sergio L. S. de Souza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-3980
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hu W, Yie KHR, Liu C, Zhu J, Huang Z, Zhu B, Zheng D, Yang B, Huang B, Yao L, Liu J, Shen X, Deng Z. Improving the valence self-reversible conversion of cerium nanoparticles on titanium implants by lanthanum doping to enhance ROS elimination and osteogenesis. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1362-1375. [PMID: 35752471 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Equipped with anti-oxidative properties, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) are gradually being adopted over the years in the field of oxidative stress research. However, the effects of CNPs may be diminished when under the influence of prolonged and substantially elevated levels of oxidative stress. Therefore, it is imperative to enhance the efficacy of CNPs to resist oxidative stress. In this study, our approach involves the fabrication of titanium surface CNPs coatings doped with different concentrations of lanthanum ions (La3+) and the investigation of their local anti-oxidative stress potential. The physicochemical characterization showed that the La-CNPs groups had a substantial increase in the generation of oxygen vacancies within the CNPs structure with the increase of La doping concentration. In vitro findings proofed that the cytocompatibility of different La-CNPs coatings showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of La doping concentration under oxidative stress microenvironment. Among these groups, the 30 % La-CNPs group presented the best cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation which could activate the FoxO1 pathway, then upregulated the expression of SOD1 and CAT, and finally resulted in the inhibition of ROS production. In vivo results further confirmed that the 30 % La-CNPs group showed significant osteogenic effects in two rat models (osteoporosis and diabetes models). In conclusion, we believe that the 30 % La-CNPs coating holds promising potential for its implant applications in patients with oxidative stress-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Kendrick Hii Ru Yie
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chongxing Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jinlei Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Bingbing Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Dongyang Zheng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Bingqian Yang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Benheng Huang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lili Yao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Xinkun Shen
- Science and Education Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou 325016, China.
| | - Zhennan Deng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Histomorphometric analysis of implant osseointegration using hydrophilic implants in diabetic rats. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5867-5878. [PMID: 33765194 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03892-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate peri-implant bone formation of titanium implants using an in vivo rat model with and without uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) to evaluate osseointegration of hydrophobic (Neoporos®) and hydrophilic (Acqua®) surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS 54 rats were divided into two groups: DM group (DMG) (streptozotocin-induced diabetes) and a control group (CG). Implants with hydrophobic (Neoporos®) and hydrophilic surfaces (Acqua®) were placed in the left or right tibia of animals. Animals were further divided into three groups (n = 9) euthanized after 7, 14, or 28 days. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) were assessed in total, cortical, and medullary areas. RESULTS The DMG group, after a 7-day healing period, yielded with the Acqua implants presented significantly higher total BIC (+37.9%; p=0.03) and trabecular BIC (%) (+46.3%; p=0.02) values in comparison to the Neoporos implants. After 28 days of healing, the CG yielded that the cortical BAFO of Acqua implants to be significantly, 14%, higher (p=0.04) than Neoporos implants. CONCLUSION The positive effects of the Acqua surface were able to counteract the adverse impact of uncontrolled DM at early osseointegration periods. After 28 days in vivo, the metabolic systemic impairment caused by DM overcame the surface treatment effect, leading to impaired osseointegration in both hydrophilic and hydrophobic implants. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The adverse effects of diabetes mellitus with respect to bone healing may be minimized by deploying implants with strategically modified surfaces. This study evaluated the effects of implants with Acqua® and Neoporos® surfaces in both diabetic and healthy animals. During the initial healing period in diabetic animals, the hydrophilic surface was demonstrated to have beneficial effect on osseointegration in comparison to the hydrophobic surface. The results provide an insight into early healing, but the authors suggest that a future short-term and long-term clinical study is needed to assess the possible benefit of the Acqua® implant as well as in increasing the predictability of implant osseointegration.
Collapse
|