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Tang C, Mercelis B, Zhang F, Mocquot C, Nakanishi K, Yoshihara K, Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B. Filler Mixed Into Adhesives Does Not Necessarily Improve Their Mechanical Properties. Oper Dent 2024; 49:311-324. [PMID: 38632849 DOI: 10.2341/23-106-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the influence of filler type/loading on the micro-tensile fracture strength (μTFS) of adhesive resins, as measured 'immediately' upon preparation and after 1-week water storage ('water-stored'). METHODS The morphology and particle-size distribution of three filler particles, referred to as 'Glass-S' (Esschem Europe), 'BioUnion' (GC), and 'CPC_Mont', were correlatively characterized by SEM, TEM, and particle-size analysis. These filler particles were incorporated into an unfilled adhesive resin ('BZF-29unfilled', GC) in different concentrations to measure the 'immediate' μTFS. After 1-week water storage, the 'water-stored' μTFS of the experimental particle-filled adhesive resins with the most optimum filler loading, specific for each filler type, was measured. In addition, the immediate and water-stored μTFS of the adhesive resins of three experimental two-step universal adhesives based on the same resin matrix but varying for filler type/loading, coded as 'BZF-21' (containing silica and bioglass), 'BZF-29' (containing solely silica), and 'BZF-29_hv' (highly viscous with a higher silica loading than BZF-29), and of the adhesive resins of the gold-standard adhesives OptiBond FL ('Opti-FL', Kerr) and Clearfil SE Bond 2 ('C-SE2', Kuraray Noritake) was measured along with that of BZF-29unfilled (GC) serving as control/reference. Statistics involved one-way and two-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc multiple comparisons (α<0.05). RESULTS Glass-S, BioUnion, and CPC_Mont represent irregular fillers with an average particle size of 8.5-9.9 μm. Adding filler to BZF-29unfilled decreased μTFS regardless of filler type/loading. One-week water storage reduced μTFS of all adhesive resins except BZF-21, with the largest reduction in μTFS recorded for BZF-29unfilled. Among the three filler types, the μTFS of the 30 wt% Glass-S and 20 wt% BioUnion filled adhesive resin was not significantly different from the μTFS of BZF-29unfilled upon water storage. CONCLUSIONS Adding filler particles into adhesive resin did not enhance its micro-tensile fracture strength but appeared to render it less sensitive to water storage as compared to the unfilled adhesive resin investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tang
- Chuliang Tang, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT, Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Mercelis
- Ben Mercelis, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT, Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Zhang
- Fei Zhang, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT, Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Materials Engineering, Leuven, Belgium; 3Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Villeurbanne, France
| | - C Mocquot
- Caroline Mocquot, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Villeurbanne, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculté dentaire, Hôpital Rothschild, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - K Nakanishi
- Ko Nakanishi, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT, Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; Hokkaido University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Yoshihara
- Kumiko Yoshihara, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health and Medical Research Institute, Kagawa, Japan; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - M Peumans
- Marleen Peumans, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT, Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Van Meerbeek
- *Bart Van Meerbeek, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT, Biomaterials Research Group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
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Chen X, Yan T, Sun S, Li A, Wang X. The effects of nano-silver loaded zirconium phosphate on antibacterial properties, mechanical properties and biosafety of room temperature curing PMMA materials. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1325103. [PMID: 38173793 PMCID: PMC10761495 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1325103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) frequently features in dental restorative materials due to its favorable properties. However, its surface exhibits a propensity for bacterial colonization, and the material can fracture under masticatory pressure. This study incorporated commercially available RHA-1F-II nano-silver loaded zirconium phosphate (Ag-ZrP) into room-temperature cured PMMA at varying mass fractions. Various methods were employed to characterize Ag-ZrP. Subsequently, an examination of the effects of Ag-ZrP on the antimicrobial properties, biosafety, and mechanical properties of PMMA materials was conducted. The results indicated that the antibacterial rate against Streptococcus mutans was enhanced at Ag-ZrP additions of 0%wt, 0.5%wt, 1.0%wt, 1.5%wt, 2.0%wt, 2.5%wt, and 3.0%wt, achieving respective rates of 53.53%, 67.08%, 83.23%, 93.38%, 95.85%, and 98.00%. Similarly, the antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli registered at 31.62%, 50.14%, 64.00%, 75.09%, 86.30%, 92.98%. When Ag-ZrP was introduced at amounts ranging from 1.0% to 1.5%, PMMA materials exhibited peak mechanical properties. However, mechanical strength diminished beyond additions of 2.5%wt to 3.0%wt, relative to the 0%wt group, while PMMA demonstrated no notable cytotoxicity below a 3.0%wt dosage. Thus, it is inferred that optimal antimicrobial and mechanical properties of PMMA materials are achieved with nano-Ag-ZrP (RHA-1F-II) additions of 1.5%wt to 2.0%wt, without eliciting cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tongtong Yan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shiqun Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Aoke Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Bimetallic Copper-Silver Systems Supported on Natural Clinoptilolite: Long-Term Changes in Nanospecies’ Composition and Stability. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term changes in species of copper-silver bimetallic systems on natural clinoptilolite obtained by ion exchange of Cu2+ and Ag+ and then reduced at different temperatures were studied. Even after storage under ambient conditions, XRD and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra indicate the presence of nanospecies and larger particles of reduced copper and silver. Scanning electron microscopy of aged bimetallic samples, reduced at the highest temperature (450 °C) and the pristine sample for their preparation, also aged, showed the presence of silver particles with a size of about 100 nm. They are formed in the initial ion-exchanged sample (without reduction) due to the degradation of Ag+ ions. The particles in the reduced sample are larger; in both samples they are evenly distributed over the surface. The presence of silver affects the stability and the mechanism of decomposition/oxidation of reduced copper species, and this stability is higher in bimetallic systems. The decomposition pattern of recently reduced species includes the formation of smaller nanoparticles and few-atomic clusters. This can occur, preceding the complete oxidation of Cu to ions. Quasicolloidal silver, which is present in fresh bimetallic samples reduced at lower temperatures, transforms after aging into Ag8 clusters, which indicates the stability of these nanospecies on natural clinoptilolite.
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Li Q, Chen L, Liu H, Ding M, Dong H, Mou Y. Therapeutic Applications of Antimicrobial Silver-Based Biomaterials in Dentistry. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:443-462. [PMID: 35115777 PMCID: PMC8805846 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s349238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial infection accounts for many dental diseases and treatment failure. Therefore, the antibacterial properties of dental biomaterials are of great importance to the long-term results of treatment. Silver-based biomaterials (AgBMs) have been widely researched as antimicrobial materials with high efficiency and relatively low toxicity. AgBMs have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties, including penetration of microbial cell membranes, damage to genetic material, contact killing, and dysfunction of bacterial proteins and enzymes. In particular, advances in nanotechnology have improved the application value of AgBMs. Hence, in many subspecialties of dentistry, AgBMs have been researched and employed, such as caries arresting or prevention, root canal sterilization, periodontal plaque inhibition, additives in dentures, coating of implants and anti-inflammatory material in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This paper aims to provide an overview of the application approaches of AgBMs in dentistry and present better guidance for oral antimicrobial therapy via the development of AgBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Ding
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Dong
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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