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Khoshkhahesh M, Enteghad S, Aghasadeghi K, Farzin M, Taghva M, Mosadad SA. Evaluation of the effect of different core substrates on the accuracy of intraoral scanners. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e899. [PMID: 38752461 PMCID: PMC11097246 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine if different types of core substrates have any effect on the trueness and precision of digital intraoral impressions. MATERIAL AND METHODS A customized typodont with four similar cores of natural dentine, composite, metal (Ni-Cr), and zirconia in the position of premolars was fabricated. The study model was scanned five times with two types of intraoral scanners (Carestream 3600 and 3Shape Trios 3), and a reference standard scan was obtained using a laboratory scanner (3shape D1000). A metrology software (Geomagic X) was used to align the data of experimental scans and the reference scan to determine deviation values (trueness). Precision values were calculated with random superimposition in each intraoral scanner group. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare differences between different substrates, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the average values between the two scanners. RESULTS Trios 3 was found to be significantly truer and more precise than Carestream 3600 (p value = .005, <0.001). There were no significant differences in the trueness of different substrates when they were scanned by Trios 3, while different materials showed significantly different trueness values in the Carestream 3600 group (p value = .003). Dentin showed the best trueness, and zirconia performed worse than other substrates. Regarding the precision of the scanners, neither of the scanners was affected by the type of scanning substrate. CONCLUSION For Carestream 3600, substrate type did impact the trueness of intraoral scans, with dentin and zirconia showing the highest and lowest accuracy, respectively, while Trios 3 was similarly accurate across all substrates. Trios 3 had both higher trueness and precision than Carestream 3600.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khoshkhahesh
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Shabnam Enteghad
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Kiana Aghasadeghi
- Student Research CommitteeIslamic Azad University of ShirazShirazIran
| | - Mitra Farzin
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Masumeh Taghva
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Seyed Ali Mosadad
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennaiIndia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Bucofacial Prostheses, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity Complutense of MadridMadridSpain
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2
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Zhang Z, Ming X, Luo Y, Zhang W. Effect of substrate material and abutment geometry on the accuracy of intraoral scanning: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2024:S0022-3913(24)00276-2. [PMID: 38653689 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Digital scanning is gradually replacing conventional impression making, but consensus on how tooth preparation influences the accuracy of intraoral scanning is lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of substrate material and abutment geometry on the accuracy of digital casts obtained by intraoral scanning. MATERIAL AND METHODS The height and total occlusal convergence (TOC) angle were measured in 5 different groups that contained 5 specimens of different materials: natural tooth, cobalt chromium alloy, titanium, zirconium dioxide ceramic, and resin. The specimens were scanned with an industrial scanner to obtain reference data. Each specimen was placed in a maxillary standard dentition model that was assembled in a head simulator. Each dentition model was scanned 10 times with an intraoral scanner (IOS) under operatory lighting conditions to acquire intraoral scanning files for each specimen. All data were imported into a metrology software program and processed. A total of 10 trueness deviations, the mean superimposition results between IOS scanning data and reference data, and precision deviations, the mean superimposition results between IOS scanning data in pairs, were recorded. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey multiple comparison test were used to analyze the accuracy of intraoral scanning in relation to the height or TOC angle of the abutment (α=.05). The total means of each substrate material were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn test for multiple comparisons. RESULTS The accuracy of scanning images was related to material and abutment geometry (P<.05). Bias was larger as abutment height increased with most substrates. Larger TOC angles increased the accuracy of the digital scans. The trueness deviation of translucent materials and the precision deviation of reflective materials were generally larger. CONCLUSIONS Substrate material and abutment geometry influence the accuracy of intraoral scanning. The accuracy of IOS generally tended to improve with decreasing height and increasing TOC angle and was affected by different substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhang
- Resident, Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Xianqing Ming
- Resident, Department of Stomatology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yichen Luo
- Graduate student, Department of Oral Special Consultation, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Graduate student, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, PR China; and Graduate student, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Professor, Department of Oral Special Consultation, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Professor, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, PR China; and Professor, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
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3
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Taymour N, Hussein Abdel Kader S, Aboushelib MN, Gad MM. Comparative analysis of dimensional changes in autoclavable polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impressions under various Sterilization/Disinfection Protocols: A randomized controlled trial. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:603-609. [PMID: 38690388 PMCID: PMC11056420 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Impressions that maintain their dimensional stability after autoclaving effectively control cross-infection and contamination resulting from a patient's oral secretions. Purpose The study aimed to assess the dimensional stability of autoclavable polyvinyl siloxanes after disinfection and sterilization. Methods A stainless steel metal model containing three full veneer crown preparations was fabricated according to ANSI/ADA specification No. 19. Reference grooves were established on the occlusal and axial surfaces of the abutments for accurate measurements. Forty impressions were created from the master model using single-step impression technique monophase polyvinyl siloxane material (AFFINIS, Coltene/Whaledent, Altstatten, Switzerland). The impressions were categorized into four groups: Group A (control, ten untreated impressions), Group B (ten disinfected impressions with 5.25 % sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl]), Group C (ten disinfected impressions with 2 % glutaraldehyde), and Group D (ten autoclaved impressions at 134 °C for 18 min). Subsequently, stone casts were produced using type IV gypsum products (Gelstone R, BK Giulini Chemie, Ludwigshafen/Rh., Germany). The dimensional accuracy of the obtained casts was assessed by measuring the inter-abutment measurements (between the abutments) and the intra-abutment measurements (diameter and height of the abutments). These measurements were performed using a universal measuring microscope (Olympus stereomicroscope B061 Imaging Corp. Tokyo, Japan) with a precision of 0.001 mm. The dimensions of the stone casts from the study groups were then compared to those of the control group. Data analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results AFFINIS impressions subjected to chemical disinfection in 5.25 % NaOCl and 2 % glutaraldehyde with different immersion times showed slight expansion in the intra- and inter-abutment measurements. The impressions autoclaved at 134 °C for 18 min showed slight shrinkage in the intra- and inter-abutment measurements. The dimensional change was statistically non-significant, and the percent of dimensional changes within the experimental groups was within the clinically accepted limit (α < 0.5). Conclusion AFFINIS polyvinyl siloxanes retain dimensional stability suitable for clinical use when subjected to chemical disinfection and steam autoclaving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Taymour
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa Hussein Abdel Kader
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Moustafa N. Aboushelib
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Gad
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Gad MM, Alalawi H, Al-Qarni FD, Al-Harbi FA. Denture relining using digital replication method: A dental technique. J Prosthodont 2024. [PMID: 38403847 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this report was to digitize traditional denture relining using a digital duplication method, in addition to assessing the wear resistance of three-dimensional (3D) printed denture teeth. A complete denture was relined using light body impression. The denture with impression was scanned yielding a standard tessellation language file that was designed to print the denture base and teeth. The printed teeth were fitted into the sockets of the printed denture base and then bonded using auto-polymerized acrylic resins, followed by finishing and polishing. Dentures were inserted and fit and occlusion were adjusted as needed, and the patient was scheduled for follow-up appointments at one week, three months, and six months. At each follow-up visit, dentures were scanned using a 3Shape E3 desktop scanner and scans were superimposed. The occlusal wear was assessed in reference to the first scan after the denture insertion visit. The accuracy of the intaglio surface of dentures was within clinically acceptable limits. The clinical evaluation of inserted dentures in terms of retention, occlusion, esthetic, and patient satisfaction was encouraging. Using digital duplication, conventional dentures could be relined. The advantages of digital records include eliminating polymerization dimensional changes, and reducing cost and clinical time by minimizing the number of visits, which is particularly helpful with geriatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Gad
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haidar Alalawi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal D Al-Qarni
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Harbi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Taher BB, Rasheed TA. The Impact of Adding Chitosan Nanoparticles on Biofilm Formation, Cytotoxicity, and Certain Physical and Mechanical Aspects of Directly Printed Orthodontic Clear Aligners. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2649. [PMID: 37836290 PMCID: PMC10574519 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Aligner treatment is associated with bacterial colonization, leading to enamel demineralization. Chitosan nanoparticles have been demonstrated to have antibacterial properties. This in vitro study aims to determine the effect of adding chitosan nanoparticles to directly 3D-printed clear aligner resin with regard to antibiofilm activity, cytotoxicity, degree of conversion, accuracy, deflection force, and tensile strength. Different concentrations (2%, 3%, and 5% w/w) of chitosan nanoparticles were mixed with the clear resin, and the samples were then 3D printed. Additionally, the thermoforming technique for aligner manufacturing was utilized. The obtained specimens were evaluated for antibiofilm activity against Streptococcus mutans bacteria and cytotoxicity against L929 and 3T3 cell lines. Additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy via attenuated total reflection analysis was used to assess the degree of conversion. Geomagic Control X software was utilized to analyze the accuracy. In addition, the deflection force and tensile strength were evaluated. The results indicated a notable reduction in bacterial colonies when the resin was incorporated with 3 and 5% chitosan nanoparticles. No significant changes in the cytotoxicity or accuracy were detected. In conclusion, integrating biocompatible chitosan nanoparticles into the resin can add an antibiofilm element to an aligner without compromising the material's certain biological, mechanical, and physical qualities at specific concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botan Barzan Taher
- Department of Pedodontics, Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq;
| | - Tara Ali Rasheed
- Department of Pedodontics, Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq;
- College of Dentistry, American University of Iraq-Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq
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Gómez-Polo M, Cascos R, Ortega R, Barmak AB, Kois JC, Revilla-León M. Influence of arch location and scanning pattern on the scanning accuracy, scanning time, and number of photograms of complete-arch intraoral digital implant scans. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023. [PMID: 37052054 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the influence of arch location and scanning pattern on the accuracy, scanning time, and number of photograms of complete-arch implant scans acquired using an intraoral scanner (IOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A maxillary (maxillary group) and mandibular (mandibular group) model with 6 implant abutments on each cast was digitized using a desktop scanner (control scans). Six subgroups were created based on the scanning pattern used to acquire the scans using an IOS (Trios 4): occluso-buccal-lingual (OBL subgroup), occluso-linguo-buccal (OLB subgroup), bucco-linguo-occlusal (BLO subgroup), linguo-buccal-occlusal (LBO subgroup), zigzag (ZZ subgroup), and circumferential (C subgroup). The control scans were used as a reference to measure the discrepancy with the experimental scans calculating the root mean square error. Two-way ANOVA and the pairwise comparison Tukey tests were used to analyze the data (α = .05). RESULTS Significant discrepancies in trueness (p < .001), precision (p < .001), scanning time (p < .001), and number of photograms (p < .001) were found. The maxillary group obtained poorer trueness and precision values, higher scanning times, and a larger number of photograms than the mandibular group. The C subgroup obtained the best trueness and precision values, but was not significantly different from the OLB, BLO, and LBO subgroups. The ZZ subgroup obtained the worst trueness and precision values (p < .05). The C subgroup obtained the lowest scanning time and number of photograms (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Arch location and scanning pattern influenced scanning accuracy, scanning time, and number of photograms of complete-arch implant scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gómez-Polo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Director of Postgraduate Program of Advanced in Implant-Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Cascos
- Advanced in Implant-Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Ortega
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Abdul B Barmak
- Clinical Research and Biostatistics, Eastman Institute of Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - John C Kois
- Kois Center, Private Practice, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Graduate Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marta Revilla-León
- Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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7
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Leclercq M, Ruellas A, Gurgel M, Yatabe M, Bianchi J, Cevidanes L, Styner M, Paniagua B, Prieto JC. DENTALMODELSEG: FULLY AUTOMATED SEGMENTATION OF UPPER AND LOWER 3D INTRA-ORAL SURFACES. PROCEEDINGS. IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 2023:10.1109/isbi53787.2023.10230397. [PMID: 38505097 PMCID: PMC10949221 DOI: 10.1109/isbi53787.2023.10230397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a deep learning-based method for surface segmentation. This technique consists of acquiring 2D views and extracting features from the surface such as the normal vectors. The rendered images are analyzed with a 2D convolutional neural network, such as a UNET. We test our method in a dental application for the segmentation of dental crowns. The neural network is trained for multi-class segmentation, using image labels as ground truth. A 5-fold cross-validation was performed, and the segmentation task achieved an average Dice of 0.97, sensitivity of 0.98 and precision of 0.98. Our method and algorithms are available as a 3DSlicer extension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin Styner
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States
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8
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Valenti M, Valenti A, Cortellini D, Schmitz JH, Canale A. A modified scan technique for multiple abutment teeth using the trim and lock function. J Dent 2023; 129:104406. [PMID: 36566830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe a new protocol for digital scanning of multiple abutment teeth using the trim and lock software tools. METHODS A reverse workflow technique was used. Scanning was performed with the interim restoration in position. The abutment teeth were then trimmed from the scan. The retraction cord or interim restoration from either the first mesial or distal abutment tooth was removed and only that tooth was scanned, allowing the dentist to easily manage gingival displacement and keep the tooth dry from crevicular fluid and saliva. Consequently, the preparation margin remained visible and uncontaminated during the scan. The adjacent abutment teeth detected in the scan were deleted from it, and the scan was then locked using a tool of the scanning software. Next, the retraction cord or interim restoration of the next abutment tooth was removed, and only that tooth was scanned. The procedure was repeated until all prepared teeth were individually scanned. RESULTS The technique presented here facilitated the scanning of multiple abutment teeth in a simple and predictable way by utilizing the trim and lock surface tools of the scanning software and helped in avoiding closure of the gingival crevice. CONCLUSIONS Splitting the scan for a complex case with multiple abutment teeth allows reliable 3D acquisition of the finish line of each abutment tooth. Therefore, this technique simplifies the full-arch intraoral scanning process and can improve treatment efficiency. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The trim and lock tool allows scanning of each prepared abutment tooth separately, transforming a full-arch impression into multiple single scans. This technique helps to easily manage gingival displacement and maintain an uncontaminated and dry preparation margin during the scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Valenti
- Private Practice, Via G. B. Damiani, 5, Pordenone 33170, Italy.
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9
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In Vitro Trueness and Precision of Intraoral Scanners in a Four-Implant Complete-Arch Model. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11010027. [PMID: 36661564 PMCID: PMC9857767 DOI: 10.3390/dj11010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: New intraoral (IOS) and laboratory scanners appear in the market and their trueness and precision have not been compared. (2) Methods: Seven IOS and two laboratory scanners were used to scan a mandibular edentulous model with four parallel internal hexagon implant analogues and PEEK scan bodies. Digital models in Standard Tessellation Language (STL) were created. The master model with the scan bodies was scanned (×10) with a computerized numerical control 3D Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). The short (distances of adjacent scan posts) and long distances (distances of the scan posts with non-adjacent sites in the arch) among the centroids of the four analogues were calculated using CMM special software. Trueness (comparisons with the master model) and precision (intragroup comparisons) were statistically compared with ANOVA, chi-square and Tukey tests. (3) Results: Laboratory scanners had the best trueness and precision compared to all IOSs for long distances. Only iTero (Align Technologies Inc., Milpitas, CA, USA) had comparable trueness with one laboratory scanner in short and long distances. For short distances, CS3600 (Carestream Health, Inc., Rochester, NY, USA), Omnicam, Primescan (Sirona Dental Sys-tems GmbH, Bens-heim, Germany) and TRIOS 4 (3Shape A/S, Copen-hagen, Denmark) had similar trueness to one laboratory scanner. From those, only Omnicam and Primescan had similar precision as the same laboratory scanner. Most IOSs seem to work better for smaller distances and are less precise in cross-arch distances. (4) Conclusions: The laboratory scanners showed significantly higher trueness and precision than all IOSs tested for the long-distance group; for the short distance, some IOSs were not different in trueness and precision than the laboratory scanners.
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10
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Revilla-León M, Kois DE, Kois JC. A guide for maximizing the accuracy of intraoral digital scans: Part 2-Patient factors. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:241-249. [PMID: 36639916 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the factors related to patient intraoral conditions that impact the scanning accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOSs). A new classification for these influencing factors is proposed to facilitate dental professionals' decision-making and maximize the accuracy and reliability of intraoral digital scans. OVERVIEW Variables related to intraoral conditions of the patient that can influence the scanning accuracy of IOSs include tooth type, presence of interdental spaces, arch width variations, palate characteristics, wetness, existing restorations, characteristics of the surface being digitized, edentulous areas, interimplant distance, position, angulation, and depth of existing implants, and implant scan body selection. CONCLUSIONS The knowledge and understanding of the patient's intraoral conditions that can impact the scanning accuracy of IOSs is a fundamental element for maximizing the accuracy of IOSs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The patient's intraoral conditions, or patient factors, can significantly impact intraoral scanning accuracy. Dental professionals must know and understand these influencing patient factors to maximize the accuracy of IOSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dean E Kois
- Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Private Practice, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John C Kois
- Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Private Practice, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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11
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Llansana F, Guirao S, Kois JC, Revilla-León M. Calibrated splinting framework for complete arch intraoral implant digital scans manufactured by combining milled and additively manufacturing technologies: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2022:S0022-3913(22)00558-3. [PMID: 36535880 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Splinting frameworks are intended to increase the accuracy of complete arch intraoral digital implant scans. This article describes a technique that uses a calibrated splinting framework manufactured by combining milled and additively manufacturing technologies (IOSRing) for assisting with complete arch intraoral digital implant scanning. The splinting framework contains milled truncated cone-shape markers whose position in the metal framework is measured during the manufacturing process with a coordinate measurement machine. This framework splints the modified implant scan bodies and assists in the complete arch intraoral implant digital scanning. Computer-aided design procedures are then used to calculate the implant position on the virtual definitive implant cast by using the position of the calibrated markers as a reference.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergi Guirao
- Chief Visionary Officer at iOSFIX, Aldosa, Andorra
| | - John C Kois
- Founder and Director Kois Center, Seattle, Wash; Affiliate Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Private practice, Seattle, Wash
| | - Marta Revilla-León
- Affiliate Assistant Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Director of Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash; Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University, Boston, Mass.
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12
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Abualsaud R, Alalawi H. Fit, Precision, and Trueness of 3D-Printed Zirconia Crowns Compared to Milled Counterparts. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10110215. [PMID: 36421402 PMCID: PMC9689223 DOI: 10.3390/dj10110215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise fit of a crown and accurate reproduction of the digital design are paramount for successful treatment outcomes and preservation of clinician and technician time. The study aimed to compare the internal fit, marginal adaptation, precision, and trueness of 3D-printed zirconia crowns compared to their milled counterpart. A total of 20 monolithic 3 mol% yttria stabilized-zirconia crowns (n = 10) were made using computer-assisted design (CAD) followed by additive (3D-printed) and subtractive (milled) manufacturing. Digital scanning of the master die with and without a fit checker followed by image superimposition, and analysis was performed to evaluate internal and marginal adaptation in four areas (occlusal, axial, marginal, and overall). ISO 12836:2015 standard was followed for precision and trueness evaluation. Statistical analysis was achieved using a t-test at α = 0.05. Internal fit and marginal adaptation revealed no significant difference between the two test groups (p > 0.05). The significant difference in trueness (p < 0.05) was found between the two groups in three areas (occlusal, axial, and internal). The best and worst trueness values were seen with 3D-printed crowns at occlusal (8.77 ± 0.89 µm) and Intaglio (23.90 ± 1.60 µm), respectively. The overall precision was statistically better (p < 0.05) in the 3D-printed crowns (9.59 ± 0.75 µm) than the milled (17.31 ± 3.39 µm). 3D-printed and milled zirconia crowns were comparable to each other in terms of internal fit and marginal adaptation. The trueness of the occlusal and axial surfaces of 3D-printed crowns was better, whereas the trueness of fitting surface of milled crowns was better. 3D-printed crowns provided a higher level of precision than milled crowns. Although the internal and marginal fit of both production techniques were comparable, 3D printing of zirconia produced more precise crowns.
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Effects of Various Disinfection Methods on the Material Properties of Silicone Dental Impressions of Different Types and Viscosities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810859. [PMID: 36142778 PMCID: PMC9505442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing search for novel disinfection techniques that are not only effective, cheap, and convenient, but that also do not have adverse effects on the properties of dental impressions. We compared the effects of various methods (UVC, gaseous ozone, commercial solution, and spray) on the dimensional change, tensile strength, and hardness of silicone impressions. Moreover, as a secondary aim, we performed a statistical comparison of the properties of nondisinfected addition (Panasil Putty Soft, Panasil monophase Medium, Panasil initial contact Light) and condensation silicones (Zetaplus Putty and Oranwash L), as well as a comparison of materials of various viscosities (putty, medium-bodied, and light-bodied). Our results revealed that addition silicones had higher dimensional stability, tensile strength, and Shore A hardness compared to condensation silicones. Both traditional (immersion and spraying) and alternative methods of disinfection (UVC and ozone) had no significant impact on the tensile properties and dimensional stability of the studied silicones; however, they significantly affected the hardness, particularly of Oranwash L. Our study demonstrated that, similarly to standard liquid disinfectants, both UVC and ozone do not strongly affect the material properties of most silicones. However, before recommendation, their usefulness for each individual material should be thoroughly evaluated.
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Hou X, Xu X, Zhao M, Kong J, Wang M, Lee ES, Jia Q, Jiang HB. An overview of three-dimensional imaging devices in dentistry. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:1179-1196. [PMID: 35968802 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review four types of three-dimensional imaging devices: intraoral scanners, extraoral scanners, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and facial scanners, in terms of their development, technologies, advantages, disadvantages, accuracy, influencing factors, and applications in dentistry. METHODS PubMed (National Library of Medicine) and Google Scholar databases were searched. Additionally, the scanner manufacturers' websites were accessed to obtain relevant data. Four authors independently selected the articles, books, and websites. To exclude duplicates and scrutinize the data, they were uploaded to Mendeley Data. In total, 135 articles, two books, and 17 websites were included. RESULTS Research and clinical practice have shown that oral and facial scanners and CBCT can be used widely in various areas of dentistry with high accuracy. CONCLUSION Although further advancement of these devices is desirable, there is no doubt that digital technology represents the future of dentistry. Furthermore, the combined use of different devices may bring dentistry into a new era. These four devices will play a significant role in clinical utility with high accuracy. The combined use of these devices should be explored further. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The four devices will play a significant role in clinical use with high accuracy. The combined use of these devices should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Hou
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Menghua Zhao
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiawen Kong
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingchang Wang
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Eui-Seok Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Qi Jia
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Heng Bo Jiang
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Djurovic Koprivica D, Puskar T, Budak I, Sokac M, Jeremic Knezevic M, Maletin A, Milekic B, Vukelic D. Influence of Implant Impression Methods, Polymer Materials, and Implant Angulation on the Accuracy of Dental Models. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142821. [PMID: 35890598 PMCID: PMC9315589 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper presents the influence of impression methods, polymer materials, and implant angulation on the accuracy of the definitive working model for the production of implant-supported dental restorations, based on the analysis of results obtained using different impression methods, materials, and parallel and angulated implants. The study findings indicate that all aforementioned factors impact the accuracy of the definitive working model. Specifically, 20° implant angulation in relation to the vertical plane has a greater impact on the impression accuracy compared to parallel implants. The open and splint method in combination with addition silicone, as well as the splint method and polyether combination yielded more accurate results when using implants under 20° angulation compared to other method and material combinations. The splint method in combination with addition silicone resulted in the smallest mean deviations from the center of the parallel implant base compared to other combinations of methods and materials. Analysis results further revealed statistically significant differences in the measured indicators across impression methods, implants, and polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Djurovic Koprivica
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.D.K.); (T.P.); (M.J.K.); (A.M.); (B.M.)
| | - Tatjana Puskar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.D.K.); (T.P.); (M.J.K.); (A.M.); (B.M.)
| | - Igor Budak
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (I.B.); (D.V.)
| | - Mario Sokac
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (I.B.); (D.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Milica Jeremic Knezevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.D.K.); (T.P.); (M.J.K.); (A.M.); (B.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Maletin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.D.K.); (T.P.); (M.J.K.); (A.M.); (B.M.)
| | - Bojana Milekic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.D.K.); (T.P.); (M.J.K.); (A.M.); (B.M.)
| | - Djordje Vukelic
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (I.B.); (D.V.)
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Influence of definitive and interim restorative materials and surface finishing on the scanning accuracy of an intraoral scanner. J Dent 2022; 120:104114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Ebeid K, Sabet A, El Sergany O, Della Bona A. Accuracy and repeatability of different intraoral instruments on shade determination compared to visual shade selection. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:988-993. [PMID: 35142422 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy and repeatability of intraoral instruments used for shade determination compared to visual shade selection (VSS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 20 subjects and 10 observers, balanced by gender, participated in the study. Observers performed VSS of the upper right central incisor from each subject. Instrumental shade determination of the same teeth was performed using a spectrophotometer (Easyshade V) and intraoral scanners (CEREC Omnicam, Primescan, Trios 3 and Trios 4). Vita Classical shade nomenclature was used to record the shade designation for all instruments and VSS. The accuracy of the instruments was determined by comparing the instrument readings with the most frequent visual shade selected. The percentage of accuracy was obtained by comparing the number of agreements with the number of comparisons. The percentage of repeatability was obtained by comparing the number of repeated shades with the number of shade measurements in each group. Accuracy was compared using Cochran Q test followed by pairwise comparisons using multiple McNemar's tests with Bonferroni correction. Repeatability of the instruments was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS Omnicam showed a significant lower accuracy than the other instruments (p < 0.05). No statistical difference on repeatability was found among the different instruments (p > 0.05). It was not found any statistical differences for VSS accuracy among the observers (p = 0.437) and between genders (p = 0.867). CONCLUSION Instrumental repeatability (≥75%) and similar accuracy between the best performed instruments (69%-77.5%) and the observers performance (65%-90%) supports the use of high-performance instruments for dental shade determination. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Most instruments (Easyshade V, Primescan, Trios 3, and Trios 4) showed similar accuracy performance to observers in the VSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Ebeid
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sabet
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar El Sergany
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alvaro Della Bona
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
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Trueness of digital implant impressions based on implant angulation and scan body materials. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21892. [PMID: 34750515 PMCID: PMC8575946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of implant angulation on digital implant impression accuracy remain controversial. Therefore, this in vitro study aimed to compare the digital implant impression trueness among models with different implant angulations and scan body materials. Six partially edentulous mandibular models with dental implants on the right second premolar and second molar areas were categorized according to the implant angulation of the distal implant (parallel, or 15° mesially or lingually tilted compared to the mesial implant) and scan body materials (polyetheretherketone or titanium). After scanning each model with intraoral scanners, the root mean square and within-tolerance values were calculated with respect to the reference, and nonparametric statistical tests were performed (α = .05). Scan data from models with the mesially tilted distal implant showed better trueness than the corresponding parallel and lingually tilted groups in terms of root mean square values (p < .017). The root mean square value in the titanium scan body group was lower than that in the polyetheretherketone scan body group (p < .001). However, the percentage within a tolerance of ± .1 mm was higher in the polyetheretherketone scan body group than in the titanium scan body group (p = .001). Intraoral scan data of models where the terminal implant was mesially tilted showed better trueness.
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Gkantidis N, Dritsas K, Katsaros C, Halazonetis D, Ren Y. 3D Occlusal Tooth Wear Assessment in Presence of Limited Changes in Non-Occlusal Surfaces. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11061033. [PMID: 34199782 PMCID: PMC8228780 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11061033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to develop an accurate and convenient 3D occlusal tooth wear assessment technique, applicable when surfaces other than the occlusal undergo changes during the observation period. Various degrees of occlusal tooth wear were simulated in vitro on 18 molar and 18 premolar plaster teeth. Additionally, their buccal and lingual surfaces were gently grinded to induce superficial changes and digital dental models were generated. The grinded and the original tooth crowns were superimposed using six different 3D techniques (two reference areas with varying settings; gold standard: GS). Superimposition on intact structures provided the GS measurements. Tooth wear volume comprised the primary outcome measure. All techniques differed significantly to each other in their accuracy (p < 0.001). The technique of choice (CCD: complete crown with 30% estimated overlap of meshes) showed excellent agreement with the GS technique (median difference: 0.045, max: 0.219 mm3), no systematic error and sufficient reproducibility (max difference < 0.040 mm3). Tooth type, tooth alignment in the dental arches, and amount of tooth wear did not significantly affect the results of the CCD technique (p > 0.01). The suggested occlusal tooth wear assessment technique is straightforward and offers accurate outcomes when limited morphological changes occur on surfaces other than the occlusal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Gkantidis
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (K.D.); (C.K.)
- Department of Orthodontics, W.J. Kolff Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Konstantinos Dritsas
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (K.D.); (C.K.)
| | - Christos Katsaros
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (K.D.); (C.K.)
| | - Demetrios Halazonetis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Yijin Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, W.J. Kolff Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
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