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Huang Q, Yang G, Li C, Guo M, Wang T, Jiang L. Use of Alkali-Activated Slag as an Environment-Friendly Agent for High-Performance Stabilized Soil. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4803. [PMID: 37445117 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Discharged slag not only occupies a large amount of land for disposal, but also causes serious environmental pollution. The use of alkali-activated slag (AAS) instead of cement as a soil-stabilization agent is beneficial for industrial waste disposal and energy conservation, which complies with the concept of green and low-carbon sustainable development in the construction industry. In this study, the compressive strength, water permeability coefficient, chloride migration coefficient and sulfate resistance of alkali-activated slag-stabilized soil (AASS) were evaluated, and compared with those of cement-stabilized soil (CSS). The hydrated crystalline phases and microscopic pore structures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests, respectively. The results indicate that, compared with CSS, AASS exhibits a higher compressive strength, lower water permeability, chloride migration coefficient and better resistance to sulfate attack, with the optimum dosage higher than 10 wt.%. The results of the MIP analysis show that the addition of AAS reduces the porosity by 6.47%. The combined use of soil and AAS proves to be a viable and sustainable method of waste utilization and carbon emission reduction in the construction industry, which provides a practical path towards carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Huang
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Guohui Yang
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Chenzhi Li
- Department of Structural Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mingzhi Guo
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Linhua Jiang
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Li S, Chen D, Jia Z, Li Y, Li P, Yu B. Effects of Mud Content on the Setting Time and Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Mortar. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093355. [PMID: 37176237 PMCID: PMC10179831 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
High mud content in the sand has a negative impact on cement mortar but there is little research on Alkali-activated slag (AAS) mortar. In order to explore the impacts of mud content in the sand on the performance of AAS mortar, this paper used sand that contains silt, clay, and a mixture of silt and clay; tested the setting time of AAS with different mud contents of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%; and measured the unconfined compressive strength and beam flexural strength of 3 d, 7 d, and 28 d AAS mortar specimens. The microstructure of AAS mortar with different kinds of mud was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the elemental composition of the hydration product was tested by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the AAS interaction mechanism with different kinds of mud was analyzed. The main conclusions are: the higher the mud content in the sand, the shorter the initial setting time and the longer the final setting time of AAS, mainly because the mud in the sand affects the hydration process; mud content above 4% causes a rapid decrease in the compressive and flexural strengths of AAS mortar, mainly because the mud affects the hydration process and hinders the bonding of the hydration product with the sand. When there is no mud in the sand, the main hydration product of AAS is dense calcium-alumina-silicate-hydrate (C-A-S-H) gel. When the sand contains silt, the hydration product of AAS is loose C-A-S-H gel. When the sand contains clay, the hydration products of AAS contain C-A-S-H gel and a small amount of sodium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate (N-A-S-H), and needle-like crystals. Loose gel and crystals have a negative effect on the AAS mortar strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaijun Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
- School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Deyong Chen
- Shandong Jiuqiang Group Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China
| | - Zhirong Jia
- School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Yilin Li
- School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Peiqing Li
- School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
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Li M, Huang G, Cui Y, Wang B, Chang B, Yin Q, Zhang S, Wang Q, Feng J, Ge M. Coagulation Mechanism and Compressive Strength Characteristics Analysis of High-Strength Alkali-Activated Slag Grouting Material. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14193980. [PMID: 36235928 PMCID: PMC9573348 DOI: 10.3390/polym14193980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In deep coal mining, grouting reinforcement and water blockage are the most effective means for reinforcing the rock mass of extremely broken coal. However, traditional cement grouting materials are not suitable for use in complex strata because of their insufficient early mechanical strength and slow setting time. This study innovatively proposes using alkali-activated grouting material to compensate for the shortcomings of traditional grouting materials and strengthen the reinforcement of extremely unstable broken coal and rock mass. The alkali-activated grouting material was prepared using slag as raw material combined with sodium hydroxide and liquid sodium silicate activation. The compressive strength of specimens cured for 1 d, 3 d, and 28 d was regularly measured and the condensation behavior was analyzed. Using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, formation behavior of mineral crystals and microstructure characteristics were further analyzed. The results showed that alkali-activated slag grouting material features prompt and high strength and offers the advantages of rapid setting and adjustable setting time. With an increase in sodium hydroxide content, the compressive strength first increased (maximum increase was 21.1%) and then decreased, while the setting time continued to shorten. With an increase in liquid sodium silicate level, the compressive strength increased significantly (and remained unchanged, maximum increase was 35.9%), while the setting time decreased significantly (and remained unchanged). X-ray diffraction analysis identified the formation of aluminosilicate minerals as the main reason for the excellent mechanical properties and accelerated coagulation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Guodong Huang
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Engineering Research Center for Geological Environment and Underground Space of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Institute of Survey and Design, Nanchang 330015, China
- Institute of Environment-Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Wuhu 241003, China
- Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Institute of Energy, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yi Cui
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Binbin Chang
- Wuhu Urban Construction Group Co., Ltd., Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Yin
- Hefei Binhu Investment Holding Group Co., Ltd., Hefei 230091, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Jiacheng Feng
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Ming Ge
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
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