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Vara D, Jha S, Bisht S, Shahabuddin S, Gaur R, Suhas, Tyagi I. Sustainable Bio-Based Adsorbents for Simultaneous and Efficient Removal of Hazardous Dyes from Aqueous Solutions. TOXICS 2024; 12:266. [PMID: 38668489 PMCID: PMC11054129 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Dyes provide a notable environmental issue as a result of their intrinsic poisonous and carcinogenic characteristics. An estimated 60,000 metric tons of dyes has been discharged into the environment, leading to a substantial increase in water pollution. The mitigation of these dyes is a substantial and intricate challenge. The primary objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption of cationic dyes containing positively charged groups such as sulphonates, amines, and triphenylmethanes. The adsorption study was carried out using four different low-cost adsorbents derived from biowaste, specifically Groundnut Shell (GS), Mosambi Peel (MP), Mango Bark (MBARK), and Mango Leaves (ML). The adsorbent materials were characterized using FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), point-of-zero charge (PZC), and BET techniques. The adsorption capacity was found to be between 1.5 and 2.2 mg/gm for Groundnut Shell, Mosambi Peel, Mango Bark, and Mango Leaves for individual dye removal (Crystal violet, Methylene blue, Rhodamine B, and Malachite green). It was observed that adsorbent derived from mango bark showed excellent adsorption (%) in a mono-component dye system and, thus, was explored for the simultaneous removal of a mixture of the same dyes. MBARK exhibited an excellent overall dye removal efficiency of 94.44% (Qe = 2.7 mg/g) for the dye mixture in 60 min. From a detailed kinetic investigation, it was concluded that the adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model (R2= 0.99963 to 1 for different dyes and adsorbents) hinting at chemisorption. The effect of the pH of the analyte solution and the dosage of adsorbent was also studied for simultaneous removal. The isothermal studies demonstrated that the Langmuir adsorption model (R2 = 0.99416) was the best-fitted model, suggesting monolayer adsorption. The adsorption process was predicted to be governed by ion exchange, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, pi-pi interaction, etc., based on charge, functional groups, and pH of dyes and adsorbent. Thus, this study highlights the application of low-cost biowaste as a potential adsorbent for the mitigation of toxic industrial dyes present in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhwani Vara
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Knowledge Corridor, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India; (D.V.); (S.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Stuti Jha
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Knowledge Corridor, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India; (D.V.); (S.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Shweta Bisht
- Division of Research and Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Syed Shahabuddin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Knowledge Corridor, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India; (D.V.); (S.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Rama Gaur
- Department of Chemistry, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Knowledge Corridor, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India; (D.V.); (S.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Suhas
- Department of Chemistry, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to be University), Hardwar 249404, Uttrakhand, India;
| | - Inderjeet Tyagi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India
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Kumar GS, Sha MS, Yempally S, Cabibihan JJ, Sadasivuni KK. A practical perspective for chromatic orthogonality for implementing in photolithography. Sci Rep 2023; 13:694. [PMID: 36639436 PMCID: PMC9839670 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27869-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Theoretically, it is more challenging to anticipate the conversion and selectivity of a photochemical experiment compared to thermally generated reactivity. This is due to the interaction of light with a photoreactive substrate. Photochemical reactions do not yet receive the same level of broad analytical study. Here, we close this research gap by presenting a methodology for statistically forecasting the time-dependent progression of photoreactions using widely available LEDs. This study uses NiS/ZnO in perovskite (MAPbI3) solar cells as an additive (5 volume %). The effect of monolithic perovskite solar cells (mPSCs) on forecasting the wavelength of LEDs has been carefully investigated using various characterization methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic activity was analyzed by measuring the voltage produced. Various factors like selectivity, stability and sensitivity were also examined. This work provides a new perspective to validate NiS/ZnO photocatalysts for predicting the wavelength of different light sources and to apply in photolithography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mizaj Shabil Sha
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Swathi Yempally
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - John-John Cabibihan
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni
- grid.412603.20000 0004 0634 1084Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Ajith A, John SA. Performance of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets derived from liquid and thermal exfoliations towards the electrochemical reduction of nitrobenzene. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06209c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets prepared via thermal and solvent exfoliation is compared towards nitrobenzene reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Ajith
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Gandhigram-624 302, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Abraham John
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Gandhigram-624 302, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
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