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Sheng K, He Y, Du M, Jiang G. The Application Potential of Artificial Intelligence and Numerical Simulation in the Research and Formulation Design of Drilling Fluid Gel Performance. Gels 2024; 10:403. [PMID: 38920949 PMCID: PMC11203186 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Drilling fluid is pivotal for efficient drilling. However, the gelation performance of drilling fluids is influenced by various complex factors, and traditional methods are inefficient and costly. Artificial intelligence and numerical simulation technologies have become transformative tools in various disciplines. This work reviews the application of four artificial intelligence techniques-expert systems, artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and genetic algorithms-and three numerical simulation techniques-computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and Monte Carlo simulations-in drilling fluid design and performance optimization. It analyzes the current issues in these studies, pointing out that challenges in applying these two technologies to drilling fluid gelation performance research include difficulties in obtaining field data and overly idealized model assumptions. From the literature review, it can be estimated that 52.0% of the papers are related to ANNs. Leakage issues are the primary concern for practitioners studying drilling fluid gelation performance, accounting for over 17% of research in this area. Based on this, and in conjunction with the technical requirements of drilling fluids and the development needs of drilling intelligence theory, three development directions are proposed: (1) Emphasize feature engineering and data preprocessing to explore the application potential of interpretable artificial intelligence. (2) Establish channels for open access to data or large-scale oil and gas field databases. (3) Conduct in-depth numerical simulation research focusing on the microscopic details of the spatial network structure of drilling fluids, reducing or even eliminating data dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Sheng
- College of Information Science and Engineering/College of Artificial Intelligence, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
| | - Yinbo He
- College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
| | - Mingliang Du
- College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
| | - Guancheng Jiang
- College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
- National Engineering Research Center of Oil & Gas Drilling and Completion Technology, Beijing 102249, China
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2
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Luo T, Li J, Xu J, Wang J, Zhang L, Yu Z. The Effects of Organically Modified Lithium Magnesium Silicate on the Rheological Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1564. [PMID: 38612078 PMCID: PMC11012296 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
To address the problem of insufficient temperature and salt resistance of existing polymer viscosity enhancers, we designed an organic-inorganic hybrid composite as a viscosity enhancer for water-based drilling fluids, named LAZ, and it was prepared by combining a water-soluble monomer and lithium magnesium silicate (LMS) using an intercalation polymerization method. The composite LAZ was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transformed target X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The rheological properties of the composite LAZ were evaluated. The composite LAZ was used as a water-based drilling fluid viscosity enhancer, and the temperature and salt resistance of the drilling fluid were evaluated. The results showed that the composite LAZ presented a complex reticulation structure in an aqueous solution. This reticulation structure intertwined with each other exhibited viscosity-enhancing properties, which can enhance the suspension properties of water-based drilling fluids. The aqueous solution of the composite LAZ has shear dilution properties. As shear rate increases, shear stress becomes larger. The yield stress value of the aqueous solution increases as the composite LAZ's concentration increases. The aqueous solution of the composite LAZ exhibits strong elastic characteristics with weak gel properties. The addition of the composite LAZ to 4% sodium bentonite-based slurry significantly increased the apparent viscosity and dynamic shear of the drilling fluid. The drilling fluids containing the composite LAZ had good temperature resistance at 150 °C and below. The rheological properties of brine drilling fluids containing the composite LAZ changed slightly before and after high-temperature aging at 150 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; (T.L.)
| | - Jiangen Xu
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; (T.L.)
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3
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Zhang Y, Zang L, Zhao Y, Wei Q, Han J. Removal of Pb from Contaminated Kaolin by Pulsed Electrochemical Treatment Coupled with a Permeable Reactive Barrier: Tuning Removal Efficiency and Energy Consumption. TOXICS 2023; 11:961. [PMID: 38133362 PMCID: PMC10747039 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Lead contamination in soil has emerged as a significant environmental concern. Recently, pulse electrochemical treatment (PECT) has garnered substantial attention as an effective method for mitigating lead ions in low-permeability soils. However, the impact of varying pulse time gradients, ranging from seconds to hours, under the same pulse duty cycle on lead removal efficiency (LRE) and energy consumption in PECT has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, a novel, modified PECT method is proposed, which couples PECT with a permeable reaction barrier (PRB) and adds acetic acid to the catholyte. A comprehensive analysis of LRE and energy consumption is conducted by transforming pulse time. The results show that the LREs achieved in these experiments were as follows: PCb-3 s (89.5%), PCb-1 m (91%), PCb-30 m (92.9%), and PCb-6 h (91.9%). Importantly, these experiments resulted in significant reductions in energy consumption, with decreases of 68.5%, 64.9%, 51.8%, and 47.4% compared to constant voltage treatments, respectively. It was observed that LRE improved with an increase in both pulse duration and voltage gradient, albeit with a corresponding rise in energy consumption. The results also revealed that corn straw biochar as a PRB could enhance LRE by 6.1% while adsorbing migrating lead ions. Taken together, the present data highlights the potential of modified PECT technology for remediation of lead-contaminated soil, which provides an optimal approach to achieve high LRE while minimizing energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Libin Zang
- College of GeoExploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
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Xuan Y, Zhao L, Li D, Pang S, An Y. Recent advances in the applications of graphene materials for the oil and gas industry. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23169-23180. [PMID: 37533778 PMCID: PMC10391325 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02781c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene is a material formed with carbon atoms connected by sp2 hybridization. It is extremely strong and very ductile, and is superhydrophobic and superlipophilic. It has important application prospects in materials science, micro and nano processing, energy, aerospace and biomedicine. Graphene also has some applications in the petroleum industry. As nanoscale materials, graphene-based materials can plug nano-pores and prevent water intrusion into clay minerals during the drilling process, they are suitable for sliding between layers and can be used as lubricants due to the two-dimensional structure. The adsorption properties of graphene-based materials allow them to improve the treatment rate when treating oily wastewater. This paper compiles recent advances in the application of graphene and its derivatives in oilfield extraction, including improving drilling fluid performance, enhanced oil recovery and oily wastewater treatment. We compare the performance advantages of graphene-based materials over other additives, and summarize the mechanism of action of graphene-based materials. The shortcomings of current research are identified and future research and improvement directions are envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Development, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Changping District Beijing 100101 China
| | - Luo Zhao
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Haidian District Beijing 100083 China
| | - Daqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Development, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Changping District Beijing 100101 China
| | - Shaocong Pang
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Haidian District Beijing 100083 China
- Zhengzhou Institute, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Ximei Building, High-tech Industrial Development Zone Zhengzhou City Henan Province 450001 China
| | - Yuxiu An
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Haidian District Beijing 100083 China
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Zhang B, Wang Q, Chang X, Du W, Zhang F, Kuruc M, Slaný M, Chen G. Use of Highly Dispersed Mixed Metal Hydroxide Gel Compared to Bentonite Based Gel for Application in Drilling Fluid under Ultra-High Temperatures. Gels 2023; 9:513. [PMID: 37504392 PMCID: PMC10379670 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of poor dispersion and stability of mixed metal hydroxide (MMH), a kind of mixed metal hydroxide-like compound (MMHlc) gel was synthesized for use as the base mud in drilling fluid instead of bentonite gel. Na2CO3, Na2SiO3, and C17H33CO2Na were used as precipitants to form MMHlc with larger interlayer spacing and smaller particle size. MMHlc was synthesized by the coprecipitation method at 25 °C with a metal molar ratio of Mg:Al:Fe = 3:1:1. The performance evaluation of the treated drilling fluid showed that MMHlc (S2) synthesized using Na2SiO3 as the precipitant had the characteristics of low viscosity, low filtration, and a high dynamic plastic ratio at 25 °C, which fully met the requirements of oil field application, and it maintained its excellent properties after being aged at 250 °C for 16 h. Linear expansion and rolling recovery experiments showed that the S2 sample had excellent rheological properties and good inhibition. X-ray diffraction and FT-IR experiments showed that S2 had the most complete crystal structure, its interlayer distance was large, and its ion exchange capacity was strong. The thermogravimetric experiment showed that the S2 crystal was stable and the temperature resistance of the crystal could reach 340 °C. Zeta potential, particle size analysis, SEM, and TEM results showed that S2 is a nanomaterial with a complete morphology and uniform distribution. The drilling fluid of this formula had the characteristics of low viscosity, low filtration loss, and a high dynamic plastic ratio, and it met the conditions for oil field application. Considering these results, the new MMH prepared by our research institute is a drilling fluid material that can be used at ultra-high temperatures and can provide important support for drilling ultra-deep wells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
- Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Qingchen Wang
- CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Ltd., Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Ltd., Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Weichao Du
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
- Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
- Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Michal Kuruc
- Department of Materials Engineering and Physics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Slaný
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Construction and Architecture, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 03 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gang Chen
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
- Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
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Zeng W, Huang W, Guo B, Sun Y, Shen H. Preparation and Lubricating Properties of Polystyrene Composite Microspheres. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3071. [PMID: 37109906 PMCID: PMC10145035 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the lubrication performance of polystyrene microspheres (PS) as solid lubricant in drilling fluids, elastic graphite-polystyrene composite microspheres (EGR/PS), montmorillonite-elastic graphite-polystyrene composite microspheres (OMMT/EGR/PS), and polytetrafluoroethylene-polystyrene composite microspheres (PTFE/PS) were prepared by suspension polymerization. OMMT/EGR/PS has a rough surface, while the surfaces of the other three composite microspheres are smooth. Among the four kinds of composite microspheres, the largest particle is OMMT/EGR/PS, and the average size is about 400 μm. The smallest particle is PTFE/PS, and the average size is about 49 μm. Compared with pure water, the friction coefficient of PS, EGR/PS, OMMT/EGR/PS and PTFE/PS reduced by 25%, 28%, 48%, and 62%, respectively. The wear tracks of EGR/PS, OMMT/EGR/PS and PTFE/PS are narrower and smoother than those of pure water. When the content of PTFE is 4.0 wt%, the friction coefficient and wear volume of PTFE/PS are 0.213 and 2.45 × 10-4 mm3-74% and 92.4% lower than that of pure water, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Weiqing Huang
- Hangzhou Huaguang Advanced Welding Materials Co., Hangzhou 311112, China
| | - Bing Guo
- College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yang Sun
- College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hangyan Shen
- College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Ikram R, Jan BM, Ahmad W, Sidek A, Khan M, Kenanakis G. Rheological Investigation of Welding Waste-Derived Graphene Oxide in Water-Based Drilling Fluids. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8266. [PMID: 36431754 PMCID: PMC9696946 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the world, the construction industry produces significant amounts of by-products and hazardous waste materials. The steel-making industry generates welding waste and dusts that are toxic to the environment and pose many economic challenges. Water-based drilling fluids (WBDF) are able to remove the drill cuttings in a wellbore and maintain the stability of the wellbore to prevent formation damage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the application of welding waste and its derived graphene oxide (GO) as a fluid-loss additive in drilling fluids. In this research, GO was successfully synthesized from welding waste through chemical exfoliation. The examination was confirmed using XRD, FTIR, FESEM and EDX analyses. The synthesized welding waste-derived GO in WBDF is competent in improving rheological properties by increasing plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP) and gel strength (GS), while reducing filtrate loss (FL) and mud cake thickness (MCT). This study shows the effect of additives such as welding waste, welding waste-derived GO and commercial GO, and their amount, on the rheological properties of WBDF. Concentrations of these additives were used at 0.01 ppb, 0.1 ppb and 0.5 ppb. Based on the experiment results, raw welding waste and welding waste-derived GO showed better performance compared with commercial GO. Among filtration properties, FL and MCT were reduced by 33.3% and 39.7% with the addition of 0.5 ppb of raw welding-waste additive, while for 0.5 ppb of welding waste-derived GO additive, FL and MCT were reduced by 26.7% and 20.9%, respectively. By recycling industrial welding waste, this research conveys state-of-the-art and low-cost drilling fluids that aid in waste management, and reduce the adverse environmental and commercial ramifications of toxic wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Ikram
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Mohamed Jan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Akhmal Sidek
- Petroleum Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Mudasar Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - George Kenanakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, Vasilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Zhang B, Wang Q, Du W, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Matejdes M, Slaný M, Gang C. Multi-Mixed Metal Hydroxide as a Strong Stratigraphic Nanoclay Inhibitor in Solid-Free Drilling Fluid. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3863. [PMID: 36364639 PMCID: PMC9656159 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solid-free drilling fluid has more advantages as a new type of drilling fluid compared with traditional drilling fluid, such as improving drilling efficiency, protecting oil and not having clay particles clog the oil and gas layer. In this study, Zn/Cu/Fe-doped magnesium-aluminum hydroxide (Mg-Al MMH) was prepared using the co-precipitation method and evaluated in solid-free drilling fluid. The inhibition mechanism of synthesized hydroxide was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, laser particle-size analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The samples were directly used as drilling fluid base muds for performance evaluation. The results showed that the linear expansion rate of 4% M6-Fe was only 12.32% at room temperature within 2 h, that the linear expansion rate was 20.28% at 90 °C and that the anti-swelling rate was 81.16% at room temperature, indicating that it has a strong inhibition ability at both room temperature and at high temperatures. Meanwhile, the possibility of multi-mixed metal hydroxide as a drilling fluid base mud is discussed in this study. We found that 4% M6-Fe exhibited low viscosity, a high YP/PV ratio and high temperature resistance, and its apparent viscosity retention rate reached 100% rolled at 200 °C for 16 h, with a YP/PV ratio of 2.33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Qingchen Wang
- CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Ltd., Xi’an 710018, China
| | - Weichao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Yongfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Ltd., Xi’an 710018, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Marián Matejdes
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Slaný
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Construction and Architecture, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 03 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Chen Gang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Tight Oil (Shale Oil) Development, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
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Zhao X, Li D, Zhu H, Ma J, An Y. Advanced developments in environmentally friendly lubricants for water-based drilling fluid: a review. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22853-22868. [PMID: 36105991 PMCID: PMC9376988 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03888a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of high friction and high torque is one of the most troublesome problems for engineers in extended reach wells and long horizontal wells. Generally, the friction coefficient of oil-based drilling fluid is around 0.08, while the friction coefficient of water-based drilling fluid exceeds 0.2, which is much higher than that of oil-based drilling fluid. With the increasingly stringent environmental regulations, water-based drilling fluids have gradually become a better choice than oil-based drilling fluids. Therefore, lubricants become a key treatment agent for reducing the friction coefficient of water-based drilling fluids. Although there have been many related studies, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on environmentally friendly water-based drilling fluid lubricants. In general, water-based drilling fluid lubricants can be mainly divided into solid lubricants, ester-based lubricants, alcohol-based lubricants, and nano-based lubricants. Vegetable oil ester-based lubricants, biodiesel lubricants, and dispersible nano-lubricants are all promising environmentally friendly water-based drilling fluid lubricants. Understanding the lubrication mechanism of different types of lubricants and clarifying the evaluation methods of lubricants is an important prerequisite for the next development in high-performance water-based drilling fluid lubricants. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to give a comprehensive overview of water-based drilling fluid lubricants in recent years, in order to fully understand the development and lubrication mechanism of water-based drilling fluid lubricants, and provide new ideas for subsequent research on water-based drilling fluid lubricants. A comprehensive review of the research on water-based drilling fluid lubricants in recent years was carried out, and its types, evaluation methods, and action mechanisms are summarized in detail.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Development, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Changping District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Daqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Development, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Changping District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Heming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Development, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Changping District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingyuan Ma
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Deep Geo Drilling Technology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuxiu An
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Deep Geo Drilling Technology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100083, China
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