1
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Fang Y, Kuttruff J, Nabben D, Baum P. Structured electrons with chiral mass and charge. Science 2024; 385:183-187. [PMID: 38991062 DOI: 10.1126/science.adp9143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Chirality is a phenomenon with widespread relevance in fundamental physics, material science, chemistry, optics, and spectroscopy. In this work, we show that a free electron can be converted by the field cycles of laser light into a right-handed or left-handed coil of mass and charge. In contrast to phase-vortex beams, our electrons maintained a flat de Broglie wave but obtained their chirality from the shape of their expectation value in space and time. Measurements of wave function densities by attosecond gating revealed the three-dimensional shape of coils and double coils with left-handed or right-handed pitch. Engineered elementary particles with such or related chiral geometries should be useful for applications in chiral sensing, free-electron quantum optics, particle physics or electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Fang
- Universität Konstanz, Fachbereich Physik, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Joel Kuttruff
- Universität Konstanz, Fachbereich Physik, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - David Nabben
- Universität Konstanz, Fachbereich Physik, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Peter Baum
- Universität Konstanz, Fachbereich Physik, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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2
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Zhang Y, Ma Y, Sun W, Li W, Li G. Structural and Electronic Chirality in Inorganic Crystals: from Construction to Application. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400436. [PMID: 38571318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Chirality represents a fundamental characteristic inherent in nature, playing a pivotal role in the emergence of homochirality and the origin of life. While the principles of chirality in organic chemistry are well-documented, the exploration of chirality within inorganic crystal structures continues to evolve. This ongoing development is primarily due to the diverse nature of crystal/amorphous structures in inorganic materials, along with the intricate symmetrical and asymmetrical relationships in the geometry of their constituent atoms. In this review, we commence with a summary of the foundational concept of chirality in molecules and solid states matters. This is followed by an introduction of structural chirality and electronic chirality in three-dimensional and two-dimensional inorganic materials. The construction of chirality in inorganic materials is classified into physical photolithography, wet-chemistry method, self-assembly, and chiral imprinting. Highlighting the significance of this field, we also summarize the research progress of chiral inorganic materials for applications in optical activity, enantiomeric recognition and chiral sensing, selective adsorption and enantioselective separation, asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, and chirality-induced spin polarization. This review aims to provide a reference for ongoing research in chiral inorganic materials and potentially stimulate innovative strategies and novel applications in the realm of chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuzhe Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- CISRI & NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Guowei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Mondal A, Dey R, Jelen A, Koželj P, Kuila SK, Pan R, Vrtnik S, Luzar J, Wencka M, Petrović J, Mihor P, Jagličić Z, Meden A, Jana PP, Dolinšek J. Double Helix of Icosahedra Structure and Spin Glass Magnetism of the δ-Co 2.5Zn 17.5-xMn x ( x = 0.4-3.5) Pseudo-Binary Alloys. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10251-10263. [PMID: 38769094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
We have synthesized δ-Co2.5Zn17.5-xMnx (x = 0.4-3.5) pseudo-binary alloys of 10 different compositions by a high-temperature solid-state synthetic route, determined their crystal structures and the Mn substitution pattern, and estimated the existence range of the δ-phase. The alloys crystallize in two chiral enantiomorphic space groups P62 and P64, where the basic atomic polyhedron of the chiral structure is an icosahedron and the neighboring icosahedra share vertices to form an infinitely long double helix along the hexagonal axis (like in the δ-Co2.5Zn17.5 parent binary phase). The alloys are pure δ-phase up to the Mn content x ≈ 3.5. The Mn atoms partially substitute Zn atoms at particular crystallographic sites located on the icosahedra. The study of magnetism was performed on the Co2.5Zn17.1Mn0.4 alloy with the lowest Mn content. Contrary to the expectation that structural chirality may induce the formation of a nontrivial magnetic state, a spin glass state with no relation to the structural chirality was found. The magnetic sublattice contains all of the necessary ingredients (randomness and frustration) for the formation of a spin glass state. Typical out-of-equilibrium dynamic phenomena of a spin system with broken ergodicity were detected below the spin freezing temperature Tf ≈ 8 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Riju Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Andreja Jelen
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Koželj
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sandip Kumar Kuila
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Rahul Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | | | - Jože Luzar
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Magdalena Wencka
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, PL-60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | - Julia Petrović
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Peter Mihor
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zvonko Jagličić
- Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics & University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anton Meden
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Partha Pratim Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Janez Dolinšek
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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4
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Rok M, Miniewicz A, Zdończyk M, Zarychta B, Mikurenda JW, Bartkiewicz S, Wiśniewska-Bełej M, Cybińska J, Piecha-Bisiorek A. Nonlinear Optical Activity of a Chiral Organic-Inorganic ([(NH 3CH 2CH 2) 3NH]) 2[MnBr 5]Br 5 Photoluminescent and Piezoelectric Crystal. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5276-5287. [PMID: 38722175 PMCID: PMC11103696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The family of Mn-based organic-inorganic hybrids has greatly expanded due to their advantages in applications. They also show superior bright and size-tunable photoluminescence and can be considered a perfect alternative to toxic lead-based compounds. In this work, we present the detailed structural, optical, and electrical characterization of ([(NH3CH2CH2)3NH])2[MnBr5]Br5. The title compound exhibits a unique type of inorganic arrangement created by the trigonal bipyramids. It crystallizes in noncentrosymmetric space group R32, indicating its optical activity, piezoelectricity, and second-order optical nonlinearity proven by the second harmonic of light measurements. The studied crystals exhibit intense photoluminescence originating from the Mn(II) ion 4T1(G) → 6A1 transition. The measured lifetime of the photoluminescence emission is ≤1.5 ms, while the measured quantum yield for both powder and crystal samples reaches ∼70%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rok
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14 F. Joliot - Curie, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Miniewicz
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego
27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Zdończyk
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14 F. Joliot - Curie, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- Łukasiewicz
Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bartosz Zarychta
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Julia W. Mikurenda
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14 F. Joliot - Curie, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Bartkiewicz
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego
27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Wiśniewska-Bełej
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego
27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Cybińska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14 F. Joliot - Curie, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- Łukasiewicz
Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Piecha-Bisiorek
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14 F. Joliot - Curie, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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5
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Brinkman SS, Tan XL, Brekke B, Mathisen AC, Finnseth Ø, Schenk RJ, Hagiwara K, Huang MJ, Buck J, Kalläne M, Hoesch M, Rossnagel K, Ou Yang KH, Lin MT, Shu GJ, Chen YJ, Tusche C, Bentmann H. Chirality-Driven Orbital Angular Momentum and Circular Dichroism in CoSi. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:196402. [PMID: 38804933 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.196402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Chiral crystals and molecules were recently predicted to form an intriguing platform for unconventional orbital physics. Here, we report the observation of chirality-driven orbital textures in the bulk electronic structure of CoSi, a prototype member of the cubic B20 family of chiral crystals. Using circular dichroism in soft x-ray angle-resolved photoemission, we demonstrate the formation of a bulk orbital-angular-momentum texture and monopolelike orbital-momentum locking that depends on crystal handedness. We introduce the intrinsic chiral circular dichroism, icCD, as a differential photoemission observable and a natural probe of chiral electron states. Our findings render chiral crystals promising for spin-orbitronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Suzanne Brinkman
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Xin Liang Tan
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Bjørnulf Brekke
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Christian Mathisen
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øyvind Finnseth
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Richard Justin Schenk
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kenta Hagiwara
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Meng-Jie Huang
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Buck
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Kalläne
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Moritz Hoesch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Rossnagel
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kui-Hon Ou Yang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Minn-Tsong Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Jiun Shu
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jiun Chen
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Christian Tusche
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bentmann
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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6
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Hagiwara K, Nakamura E, Makita S, Suga S, Tanaka SI, Kera S, Matsui F. Development of dual-beamline photoelectron momentum microscopy for valence orbital analysis. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2024; 31:540-546. [PMID: 38619289 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577524002406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The soft X-ray photoelectron momentum microscopy (PMM) experimental station at the UVSOR Synchrotron Facility has been recently upgraded by additionally guiding vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light in a normal-incidence configuration. PMM offers a very powerful tool for comprehensive electronic structure analyses in real and momentum spaces. In this work, a VUV beam with variable polarization in the normal-incidence geometry was obtained at the same sample position as the soft X-ray beam from BL6U by branching the VUV beamline BL7U. The valence electronic structure of the Au(111) surface was measured using horizontal and vertical linearly polarized (s-polarized) light excitations from BL7U in addition to horizontal linearly polarized (p-polarized) light excitations from BL6U. Such highly symmetric photoemission geometry with normal incidence offers direct access to atomic orbital information via photon polarization-dependent transition-matrix-element analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Hagiwara
- UVSOR Synchrotron Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, NishigoNaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Eiken Nakamura
- UVSOR Synchrotron Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, NishigoNaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Seiji Makita
- UVSOR Synchrotron Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, NishigoNaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shigemasa Suga
- SANKEN, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Kera
- UVSOR Synchrotron Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, NishigoNaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsui
- UVSOR Synchrotron Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, NishigoNaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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7
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Liu Y, Handa T, Olsen N, Nuckolls C, Zhu X. Spin-Polarized Charge Separation at Two-Dimensional Semiconductor/Molecule Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10052-10059. [PMID: 38536668 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Spin-polarized electrons can improve the efficiency and selectivity of photo- and electro-catalytic reactions, as demonstrated in the past with magnetic or magnetized catalysts. Here, we present a scheme in which spin-polarized charge separation occurs at the interfaces of nonmagnetic semiconductors and molecular films in the absence of a magnetic field. We take advantage of the spin-valley-locked band structure and valley-dependent optical selection rule in group VI transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers to generate spin-polarized electron-hole pairs. Photoinduced electron transfer from WS2 to fullerene (C60) and hole transfer from MoSe2 to phthalocyanine (H2Pc) are found to result in spin polarization lifetimes that are 1 order of magnitude longer than those in the TMDC monolayers alone. Our findings connect valleytronic properties of TMDC monolayers to spin-polarized interfacial charge transfer and suggest a viable route toward spin-selective photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Taketo Handa
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Nicholas Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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8
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Cui S, Wu H, Dong X, Hu Z, Wang J, Wu Y, Poeppelmeier KR, Yu H. Chiral and Polar Duality Design of Heteroanionic Compounds: Sr 18 Ge 9 O 5 S 31 Based on [Sr 3 OGeS 3 ] 2+ and [Sr 3 SGeS 3 ] 2+ Groups. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306825. [PMID: 38064125 PMCID: PMC10870052 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Chirality and polarity are the two most important and representative symmetry-dependent properties. For polar structures, all the twofold axes perpendicular to the principal axis of symmetry should be removed. For chiral structures, all the mirror-related symmetries and inversion axes should be removed. Especially for duality (polarity and chirality), all of the above symmetries should be broken and that also represents the highest-level challenge. Herein, a new symmetry-breaking strategy that employs heteroanionic groups to construct hourglass-like [Sr3 OGeS3 ]2+ and [Sr3 SGeS3 ]2+ groups to design and synthesize a new oxychalcogenide Sr18 Ge9 O5 S31 with chiral-polar duality is proposed. The presence of two enantiomers of Sr18 Ge9 O5 S31 is confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Its optical activity and ferroelectricity are also studied by solid-state circular dichroism spectroscopy and piezoresponse force microscopy, respectively. Further property measurements show that Sr18 Ge9 O5 S31 possesses excellent nonlinear optical properties, including the strong second harmonic generation efficiency (≈2.5 × AGS), large bandgap (3.61 eV), and wide mid-infrared transparent region (≈15.3 µm). These indicate that the unique microstructure groups of heteroanionic materials are conducive to realizing symmetry-breaking and are able to provide some inspiration for exploring the chiral-polar duality materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxin Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal MaterialsInstitute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China
| | - Hongping Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal MaterialsInstitute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China
| | - Xinkang Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal MaterialsInstitute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China
| | - Zhanggui Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal MaterialsInstitute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China
| | - Jiyang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal MaterialsInstitute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal MaterialsInstitute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China
| | | | - Hongwei Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal MaterialsInstitute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China
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9
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Wang Q, Zhu H, Tan Y, Hao J, Ye T, Tang H, Wang Z, Ma J, Sun J, Zhang T, Zheng F, Zhang W, Choi HW, Choy WCH, Wu D, Sun XW, Wang K. Spin Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Enabled by 2D Chiral Perovskite with Spin-Dependent Carrier Transport. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305604. [PMID: 37789724 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect provides innovative approach to spintronics and quantum-based devices for chiral materials. Different from the conventional ferromagnetic devices, the application of CISS effect is potential to operate under room temperature and zero applied magnetic field. Low dimensional chiral perovskites by introducing chiral amines are beginning to show significant CISS effect for spin injection, but research on chiral perovskites is still in its infancy, especially on spin-light emitting diode (spin-LED) construction. Here, the spin-QLEDs enabled by 2D chiral perovskites as CISS layer for spin-dependent carrier injection and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) as light emitting layer are reported. The regulation pattern of the chirality and thickness of chiral perovskites, which affects the circularly polarized electroluminescence (CP-EL) emission of spin-QLED, is discovered. Notably, the spin injection polarization of 2D chiral perovskites is higher than 80% and the CP-EL asymmetric factor (gCP-EL ) achieves up to 1.6 × 10-2 . Consequently, this work opens up a new and effective approach for high-performance spin-LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqian Wang
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Institute of Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yangzhi Tan
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Junjie Hao
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- College of Integrated Circuits and Optoelectronic Chips, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Taikang Ye
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haodong Tang
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- College of Integrated Circuits and Optoelectronic Chips, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Zhaojin Wang
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingrui Ma
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiayun Sun
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fankai Zheng
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenda Zhang
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hoi Wai Choi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Xiao Wei Sun
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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10
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Watanabe Y, Arima H, Yamashita A, Miura A, Moriyoshi C, Goto Y, Lee CH, Higashinaka R, Usui H, Kawaguchi S, Hoshi K, Mizuguchi Y. Low-Temperature Chiral Crystal Structure and Superconductivity in (Pt 0.2Ir 0.8) 3Zr 5. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:773-781. [PMID: 38148506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of superconductivity in (Pt0.2Ir0.8)3Zr5 with a chiral space group (P6122) at low temperatures. The bulk nature of the superconductivity at a transition temperature of 2.2 K was confirmed using specific heat measurements. We revealed that (Pt0.2Ir0.8)3Zr5 obeys the weak-coupling Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer model, and the dominant mechanism in the upper critical field is the orbital pair-breaking limit rather than the Pauli-Clogston limit. This indicates that the antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling caused by the chiral crystal structure does not significantly affect the superconductivity of (Pt0.2Ir0.8)3Zr5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Watanabe
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hiroto Arima
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Aichi Yamashita
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Akira Miura
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0813, Japan
| | - Chikako Moriyoshi
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Yosuke Goto
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Ryuji Higashinaka
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Usui
- Department of Applied Physics, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), SPring-8, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Hoshi
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Mizuguchi
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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11
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Wang X, Yi C, Felser C. Chiral Quantum Materials: When Chemistry Meets Physics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308746. [PMID: 38126622 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental property of nature with relevance in biochemistry and physics, particularly in the field of catalysis. Understanding the mechanisms underlying chirality transfer is crucial for advancing the knowledge of chiral-related catalysis. Chiral quantum materials with intriguing chirality-dependent electronic properties, such as spin-orbital coupling (SOC) and exotic spin/orbital angular momentum (SAM/OAM), open novel avenues for linking solid-state topologies with chiral catalysis. In this review, the growth of topological homochiral crystals (THCs) is described, and their applications in heterogeneous catalysis, including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen electrocatalysis, and asymmetric catalysis are summarized. A possible link between chirality-dependent electronic properties and heterogeneous catalysis is discussed. Finally, existing challenges in this field are highlighted, and a brief outlook on the impact of THCs on the overarching chemical-physical research is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Changjiang Yi
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
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12
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Skaggs CM, Ryu DC, Bhandari H, Xin Y, Kang CJ, Lapidus SH, Siegfried PE, Ghimire NJ, Tan X. IrGe 4: A Predicted Weyl-Metal with a Chiral Crystal Structure. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19395-19403. [PMID: 37983308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Polycrystalline IrGe4 was synthesized by annealing elements at 800 °C for 240 h, and the composition was confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. IrGe4 adopts a chiral crystal structure (space group P3121) instead of a polar crystal structure (P31), which was corroborated by the convergent-beam electron diffraction and Rietveld refinements using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. The crystal structure features layers of IrGe8 polyhedra along the b axis, and the layers are connected by edge- and corner-sharing. Each layer consists of corner-shared [Ir3Ge20] trimers, which are formed by three IrGe8 polyhedra connected by edge-sharing. Temperature-dependent resistivity indicates metallic behavior. The magnetoresistance increases with increasing applied magnetic field, and the nonsaturating magnetoresistance reaches 11.5% at 9 T and 10 K. The Hall resistivity suggests that holes are the majority carrier type, with a carrier concentration of 4.02 × 1021 cm-3 at 300 K. Electronic band structures calculated by density functional theory reveal a Weyl point with a chiral charge of +3 above the Fermi level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callista M Skaggs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Dong-Choon Ryu
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hari Bhandari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Yan Xin
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Chang-Jong Kang
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Saul H Lapidus
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter E Siegfried
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Nirmal J Ghimire
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Stavropoulos Center for Complex Quantum Matter, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
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13
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Chandrashekar P, Jena MK, Krishnan G, Pathak B, Mandal S. Photoluminescence Properties of a Chiral One-Dimensional Silver Chalcogenolate Chain. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37988555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Atom-precise metal nanoclusters, which contain a few tens to hundreds of atoms, have drawn significant interest due to their interesting physicochemical properties. Structural analysis reveals a fundamental architecture characterized by a central core or kernel linked to a staple motif with metal-ligand bonding playing a pivotal role. Ligands not only protect the surface but also exert a significant influence in determining the overall assembly of the larger superstructures. The assemblies of nanoclusters are driven by weak interaction between the ligand molecules; it also depends on the ligand type and functional group present. Here, we report an achiral ligand and Ag(I)···Ag(I) interaction-driven spontaneous resolution of silver-thiolate structure, [Ag18(C6H11S)12(CF3COO)6(DMA)2], where silver atoms and cyclohexanethiolate are connected to form a one-dimensional chain with helicity. Notably, silver atoms adopt different types of coordination modes and geometries. The photoluminescence properties of the one-dimensional (1D) chain structure were investigated, and it was found to exhibit excitation-dependent emission properties attributed to hydrogen-bonding interactions. Experimental and theoretical investigations corroborate the presence of triplet-emitting ligand-to-metal charge-transfer transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Chandrashekar
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 69551, India
| | - Milan Kumar Jena
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
| | - Gokul Krishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 69551, India
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 69551, India
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14
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Jähnigen S. Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy of Chiral Molecular Crystals: Insights from Theory. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303595. [PMID: 37071543 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a curious phenomenon that appears in various forms. While the concept of molecular (RS-)chirality is ubiquitous in chemistry, there are also more intricate forms of structural chirality. One of them is the enantiomorphism of crystals, especially molecular crystals, that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in the unit cell. Its relation to molecular chirality is not obvious, but still an open question, which can be addressed with chiroptical tools. Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) denotes chiral infrared (IR) spectroscopy that is susceptible to both, the molecular as well as the intermolecular space by means of vibrational transitions. When carried out in the solid state, VCD delivers a very rich set of non-local contributions that are determined by crystal packing and collective motion. Since its discovery in the 1970s, VCD has become the method of choice for the determination of absolute configurations, but its applicability reaches beyond towards the study of different crystal forms and polymorphism. This brief review summarises the theoretical concepts of crystal chirality and how computations of solid-state VCD can shed light into the intimate connection of chiral structure and vibrational optical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Jähnigen
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
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15
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Singh V, Feldman Y, Leitus G, Brumfeld V, Shimon LJW, Lahav M, van der Boom ME. Factors Controlling Complex Morphologies of Isomorphous Metal-Organic Frameworks. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301825. [PMID: 37334917 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate here how nitrate salts of bivalent copper, nickel, cobalt, and manganese, along with an achiral organic ligand, assemble into various structures such as symmetrical double-decker flowers, smooth elongated hexagonal bipyramids, and hexagonal prisms. Large morphological changes occur in these structures because of different metal cations, although they maintain isomorphous hexagonal crystallographic structures. Metal cations with stronger coordination to ligands (Cu and Ni) tend to form uniform crystals with unusual shapes, whereas weaker coordinating metal cations (Mn and Co) produce crystals with more regular hexagonal morphologies. The unusual flower-like crystals formed with copper nitrate have two pairs of six symmetrical petals with hexagonal convex centers. The texture of the petals indicates dendritic growth. Two different types of morphologies were formed by using different copper nitrate-to-ligand ratios. An excess of the metal salt results in uniform and hexagonal crystals having a narrow size distribution, whereas the use of an excess of ligand results in double-decker morphologies. Mechanistically, an intermediate structure was observed with slightly concave facets and a domed center. Such structures most likely play a key role in the formation of double-decker crystals that can be formed by fusion processes. The coordination chemistry results in isostructural chiral frameworks consisting of two types of continuous helical channels. Four pyridine units from four separate ligands are coordinated to the metal center in a plane having a chiral (propeller-type) arrangement. The individual double-decker flower crystals are homochiral and a batch consists of crystals having both handedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Singh
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Yishay Feldman
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Gregory Leitus
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Vlad Brumfeld
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Linda J W Shimon
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal Lahav
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Milko E van der Boom
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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16
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Barman S, Ranjan P, Datta A. Achiral phosphonium induced remarkable circular polarized luminescence in a chiral cadmium(II) halide perovskite material. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10283-10286. [PMID: 37539629 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02666c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Circular polarized luminescence (CPL) sensitive two-dimensional organic inorganic halide perovskites have versatile applications in optical displays, encrypted transmission and quantum communications. Here, a new chiral hybrid [MePh3P]2CdCl4 (PCC) single crystal (SC) is synthesized using an achiral phosphonium cation by a solvent evaporation process at room temperature (rt). SC x-ray study reveals a non-centrosymmetric point group 23, with 21-screw optical axes providing a chiral Sohncke space group. Hirshfeld surface analysis suggests long-range H-bonding and ionic interactions (~ 3-9 kJ mol-1) and short-range Van der Waals and dispersion interactions (∼0.4-4 kJ mol-1). Both the PCC thin films and SCs exhibit prominent circular dichroism (CD) and remarkably superior CPL activity at rt (|gCD| ≈ 5 × 10-3 and |glum| ≈ 4.3 × 10-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Barman
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Priya Ranjan
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Anuja Datta
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India.
- Technical Research Center, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
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17
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Ding F, Griffith KJ, Zhang W, Cui S, Zhang C, Wang Y, Kamp K, Yu H, Halasyamani PS, Yang Z, Pan S, Poeppelmeier KR. NaRb 6(B 4O 5(OH) 4) 3(BO 2) Featuring Noncentrosymmetry, Chirality, and the Linear Anionic Group BO 2. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4928-4933. [PMID: 36811389 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Noncentrosymmetric (NCS) structures are of particular interest owing to their symmetry-dependent physical properties, e.g., pyroelectricity, ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, and nonlinear optical (NLO) behavior. Among them, chiral materials exhibit polarization rotation and host topological properties. Borates often contribute to NCS and chiral structures via their triangular [BO3] and tetrahedral [BO4] units and their numerous superstructure motifs. However, no chiral compound with the linear [BO2] unit has been reported to date. Herein, an NCS and chiral mixed-alkali-metal borate, NaRb6(B4O5(OH)4)3(BO2), with a linear BO2- unit in the structure was synthesized and characterized. The structure features a combination of three types of basic building units (BBUs), [BO2], [BO3], and [BO4] with sp-, sp2-, and sp3-hybridization of boron atoms, respectively. It crystallizes in the trigonal space group R32 (No. 155), one of the 65 Sohncke space groups. Two enantiomers of NaRb6(B4O5(OH)4)3(BO2) were found, and their crystallographic relationships are discussed. These results not only expand the small family of NCS structures with the rare linear BO2- unit but also prompt recognition to the fact that NLO materials have generally overlooked the existence of two enantiomers in achiral Sohncke space groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kent J Griffith
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Shaoxin Cui
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yiran Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kendall Kamp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hongwei Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - P Shiv Halasyamani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Shilie Pan
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Kenneth R Poeppelmeier
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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