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Wang X, Qin Q, Lu Y, Mi Y, Meng J, Zhao Z, Wu H, Cao X, Wang N. Smart Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Stimulus-Response Materials: From Intelligent Applications to Self-Powered Systems. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1316. [PMID: 37110900 PMCID: PMC10141953 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Smart responsive materials can react to external stimuli via a reversible mechanism and can be directly combined with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to deliver various intelligent applications, such as sensors, actuators, robots, artificial muscles, and controlled drug delivery. Not only that, mechanical energy in the reversible response of innovative materials can be scavenged and transformed into decipherable electrical signals. Because of the high dependence of amplitude and frequency on environmental stimuli, self-powered intelligent systems may be thus built and present an immediate response to stress, electrical current, temperature, magnetic field, or even chemical compounds. This review summarizes the recent research progress of smart TENGs based on stimulus-response materials. After briefly introducing the working principle of TENG, we discuss the implementation of smart materials in TENGs with a classification of several sub-groups: shape-memory alloy, piezoelectric materials, magneto-rheological, and electro-rheological materials. While we focus on their design strategy and function collaboration, applications in robots, clinical treatment, and sensors are described in detail to show the versatility and promising future of smart TNEGs. In the end, challenges and outlooks in this field are highlighted, with an aim to promote the integration of varied advanced intelligent technologies into compact, diverse functional packages in a self-powered mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Wang
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qinghao Qin
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajun Mi
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiajing Meng
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zequan Zhao
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Han Wu
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Ning Wang
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
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Ag-Cellulose Hybrid Filler for Boosting the Power Output of a Triboelectric Nanogenerator. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051295. [PMID: 36904535 PMCID: PMC10006984 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a newly developed energy harvesting technology that can convert mechanical energy into electricity. The TENG has received extensive attention due to its potential applications in diverse fields. In this work, a natural based triboelectric material has been developed from a natural rubber (NR) filled with cellulose fiber (CF) and Ag nanoparticles. Ag nanoparticles are incorporated into cellulose fiber (CF@Ag) and are used as a hybrid filler material for the NR composite to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of TENG. The presence of Ag nanoparticles in the NR-CF@Ag composite is found to improve the electrical power output of the TENG by promoting the electron donating ability of the cellulose filler, resulting in the higher positive tribo-polarity of NR. The NR-CF@Ag TENG shows significant improvement in the output power up to five folds compared to the pristine NR TENG. The findings of this work show a great potential for the development of a biodegradable and sustainable power source by converting mechanical energy into electricity.
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