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Petrov DA, Chupeev IA. Antiferromagnetic liquid-crystal suspensions of goethite nanorods: three mechanisms of magnetic field influence on orientational structure. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2024; 47:54. [PMID: 39134885 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-024-00448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The study looks into magnetically induced orientational transitions in suspensions of goethite nanorods based on a nematic liquid crystal. The study considers magnetically compensated suspension, which is a liquid-crystal analogue of an antiferromagnet. Unlike conventional magnetic particles, goethite nanorods have a remanent magnetic moment directed along the long axis of the particle and also they have negative diamagnetic anisotropy. Thus, it can be claimed that liquid-crystal composites of goethite nanorods have three mechanisms of interaction with an external magnetic field. The first two mechanisms are originally quadrupolar and are related to diamagnetic susceptibility anisotropies of liquid-crystal matrix and impurity goethite nanorods. The third mechanism is a dipolar one and is due to a remanent longitudinal magnetic moment of each dispersed particle. The magnetic-field-induced birefringence is used to show that the presence of three competing orientational mechanisms of interaction with an external magnetic field can both increase and decrease the Fréedericksz transition threshold compared to a pure liquid crystal. Diagrams of orientational phases of the suspension were constructed, and cases of various orientational mechanism predominance were analysed. Besides, a representation of the free energy of the suspension near the Fréedericksz transition in the form of the Landau expansion was obtained. This made it possible to establish that the Fréedericksz transition can occur as a phase transition of both the first and second order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danil A Petrov
- Perm State University, Bukirev St. 15, Perm, Russia, 614990.
| | - Ilya A Chupeev
- Perm State University, Bukirev St. 15, Perm, Russia, 614990
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Allard C, Alvarez L, Bantignies JL, Bendiab N, Cambré S, Campidelli S, Fagan JA, Flahaut E, Flavel B, Fossard F, Gaufrès E, Heeg S, Lauret JS, Loiseau A, Marceau JB, Martel R, Marty L, Pichler T, Voisin C, Reich S, Setaro A, Shi L, Wenseleers W. Advanced 1D heterostructures based on nanotube templates and molecules. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8457-8512. [PMID: 39036944 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00467h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in materials science have shed light on the potential of exploring hierarchical assemblies of molecules on surfaces, driven by both fundamental and applicative challenges. This field encompasses diverse areas including molecular storage, drug delivery, catalysis, and nanoscale chemical reactions. In this context, the utilization of nanotube templates (NTs) has emerged as promising platforms for achieving advanced one-dimensional (1D) molecular assemblies. NTs offer cylindrical, crystalline structures with high aspect ratios, capable of hosting molecules both externally and internally (Mol@NT). Furthermore, NTs possess a wide array of available diameters, providing tunability for tailored assembly. This review underscores recent breakthroughs in the field of Mol@NT. The first part focuses on the diverse panorama of structural properties in Mol@NT synthesized in the last decade. The advances in understanding encapsulation, adsorption, and ordering mechanisms are detailed. In a second part, the review highlights the physical interactions and photophysics properties of Mol@NT obtained by the confinement of molecules and nanotubes in the van der Waals distance regime. The last part of the review describes potential applicative fields of these 1D heterostructures, providing specific examples in photovoltaics, luminescent materials, and bio-imaging. A conclusion gathers current challenges and perspectives of the field to foster discussion in related communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurent Alvarez
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, CNRS-Université de Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse INP, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, cedex 9, France
| | | | - Frédéric Fossard
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Microstructures, CNRS-Onera, Chatillon, France
| | - Etienne Gaufrès
- Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, CNRS-Université de Bordeaux-IOGS, Talence, France.
| | | | - Jean-Sebastien Lauret
- LUMIN, Université Paris Saclay, ENS Paris Saclay, Centrale Supelec, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Annick Loiseau
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Microstructures, CNRS-Onera, Chatillon, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Marceau
- Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, CNRS-Université de Bordeaux-IOGS, Talence, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Setaro
- Free University of Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, Pegaso University, Naples, Italy
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Nanotechnology and Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Haugg S, Mochalski LF, Hedrich C, González Díaz-Palacio I, Deneke K, Zierold R, Blick RH. Field Emission from Carbon Nanotubes on Titanium Nitride-Coated Planar and 3D-Printed Substrates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:781. [PMID: 38727375 PMCID: PMC11085237 DOI: 10.3390/nano14090781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are well known for their outstanding field emission (FE) performance, facilitated by their unique combination of electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. However, if the substrate of choice is a poor conductor, the electron supply towards the CNTs can be limited, restricting the FE current. Furthermore, ineffective heat dissipation can lead to emitter-substrate bond degradation, shortening the field emitters' lifetime. Herein, temperature-stable titanium nitride (TiN) was deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) on different substrate types prior to the CNT growth. A turn-on field reduction of up to 59% was found for the emitters that were generated on TiN-coated bulk substrates instead of on pristine ones. This observation was attributed exclusively to the TiN layer as no significant change in the emitter morphology could be identified. The fabrication route and, consequently, improved FE properties were transferred from bulk substrates to free-standing, electrically insulating nanomembranes. Moreover, 3D-printed, polymeric microstructures were overcoated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) employing its high conformality. The results of our approach by combining ALD with CNT growth could assist the future fabrication of highly efficient field emitters on 3D scaffold structures regardless of the substrate material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Haugg
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (L.-F.M.); (C.H.); (I.G.D.-P.); (K.D.); (R.Z.); (R.H.B.)
| | - Luis-Felipe Mochalski
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (L.-F.M.); (C.H.); (I.G.D.-P.); (K.D.); (R.Z.); (R.H.B.)
| | - Carina Hedrich
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (L.-F.M.); (C.H.); (I.G.D.-P.); (K.D.); (R.Z.); (R.H.B.)
| | - Isabel González Díaz-Palacio
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (L.-F.M.); (C.H.); (I.G.D.-P.); (K.D.); (R.Z.); (R.H.B.)
| | - Kristian Deneke
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (L.-F.M.); (C.H.); (I.G.D.-P.); (K.D.); (R.Z.); (R.H.B.)
| | - Robert Zierold
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (L.-F.M.); (C.H.); (I.G.D.-P.); (K.D.); (R.Z.); (R.H.B.)
| | - Robert H. Blick
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany; (L.-F.M.); (C.H.); (I.G.D.-P.); (K.D.); (R.Z.); (R.H.B.)
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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Cao Z, Guo J, Jia J, Zhang Z, Yin Y, Yang M, Yang S. In situ self-boosting catalytic synthesizing free-standing N, S rich transition metal sulfide/hierarchical CNF-CNT architectures enable high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Turhan EA, Pazarçeviren AE, Evis Z, Tezcaner A. Properties and applications of boron nitride nanotubes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:242001. [PMID: 35203072 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac5839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have received increasing attention due to their controllable physical and chemical properties and their improved performance over their bulk structures during the last years. Carbon nanostructures are one of the most widely searched materials for use in different applications ranging from electronic to biomedical because of their exceptional physical and chemical properties. However, BN nanostructures surpassed the attention of the carbon-based nanostructure because of their enhanced thermal and chemical stabilities in addition to structural similarity with the carbon nanomaterials. Among these nanostructures, one dimensional-BN nanostructures are on the verge of development as new materials to fulfill some necessities for different application areas based on their excellent and unique properties including their tunable surface and bandgap, electronic, optical, mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability. Synthesis of high-quality boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) in large quantities with novel techniques provided greater access, and increased their potential use in nanocomposites, biomedical fields, and nanodevices as well as hydrogen uptake applications. In this review, properties and applications of one-dimensional BN (1D) nanotubes, nanofibers, and nanorods in hydrogen uptake, biomedical field, and nanodevices are discussed in depth. Additionally, research on native and modified forms of BNNTs and also their composites with different materials to further improve electronic, optical, structural, mechanical, chemical, and biological properties are also reviewed. BNNTs find many applications in different areas, however, they still need to be further studied for improving the synthesis methods and finding new possible future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Ayşe Turhan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Zafer Evis
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
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Guo J, Xiang R, Cheng T, Maruyama S, Li Y. One-Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructures: A Perspective. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2022; 2:3-11. [PMID: 37101518 PMCID: PMC10114641 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.1c00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
As a new frontier in low-dimensional material research, van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, represented by 2D heterostructures, have attracted tremendous attention due to their unique properties and potential applications. The emerging 1D heterostructures open new possibilities for the field with expectant unconventional properties and yet more challenging preparation pathways. This Perspective aims to give an overall understanding of the state-of-the-art growth strategies and fantastic properties of the 1D heterostructures and provide an outlook for further development based on the controlled preparation, which will bring up a variety of applications in high-performance electronic, optoelectronic, magnetic, and energy storage devices. A quick rise of the fundamentals and application study of 1D heterostructures is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory for the
Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, State Key Laboratory of Rare
Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, The University
of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ting Cheng
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory for the
Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, State Key Laboratory of Rare
Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, The University
of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory for the
Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, State Key Laboratory of Rare
Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking
University Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- PKU-HKUST
ShenZhen-HongKong Institution, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Wulan PPDK, Sinaga TE. The effect of iron-carbon ratio and on carbon nanotube synthesis using camphor and ferrocene as carbon sources in the gauze reactor. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Shiratori T, Yamane I, Nodo S, Ota R, Yanase T, Nagahama T, Yamamoto Y, Shimada T. Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes Using Plasma-Assisted CVD Catalyzed by Cu Nanoparticles and Oxygen. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:651. [PMID: 33800144 PMCID: PMC8001056 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We found that oxidized Cu nanoparticles can catalyze the growth of boron nitride nanotubes from borazine via plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition. The Raman spectra suggest that the formation of thin-walled nanotubes show a radial breathing mode vibration. The presence of oxygen in the plasma environment was necessary for the growth of the nanotubes, and a part of the nanotubes had a core shell structure with a cupper species inside it. In atomic resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) images, Cu2O was found at the interface between the Cu-core and turbostratic BN-shell. The growth mechanism seemed different from that of carbon nanotube core-shell structures. Therefore, we pointed out the important role of the dynamic morphological change in the Cu2O-Cu system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Shiratori
- Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (S.N.); (T.Y.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ichiro Yamane
- Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (S.N.); (T.Y.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Shoto Nodo
- Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (S.N.); (T.Y.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ryo Ota
- Center for Advanced Research of Energy and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan;
| | - Takashi Yanase
- Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (S.N.); (T.Y.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Taro Nagahama
- Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (S.N.); (T.Y.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (S.N.); (T.Y.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Shimada
- Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.S.); (I.Y.); (S.N.); (T.Y.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
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Carbon Nanotube Sheet-Synthesis and Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10102023. [PMID: 33066526 PMCID: PMC7656311 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Decades of extensive research have matured the development of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Still, the properties of macroscale assemblages, such as sheets of carbon nanotubes, are not good enough to satisfy many applications. This paper gives an overview of different approaches to synthesize CNTs and then focuses on the floating catalyst method to form CNT sheets. A method is also described in this paper to modify the properties of macroscale carbon nanotube sheets produced by the floating catalyst method. The CNT sheet is modified to form a carbon nanotube hybrid (CNTH) sheet by incorporating metal, ceramic, or other types of nanoparticles into the high-temperature synthesis process to improve and customize the properties of the traditional nanotube sheet. This paper also discusses manufacturing obstacles and the possible commercial applications of the CNT sheet and CNTH sheet. Manufacturing problems include the difficulty of injecting dry nanoparticles uniformly, increasing the output of the process to reduce cost, and safely handling the hydrogen gas generated in the process. Applications for CNT sheet include air and water filtering, energy storage applications, and compositing CNTH sheets to produce apparel with anti-microbial properties to protect the population from infectious diseases. The paper also provides an outlook towards large scale commercialization of CNT material.
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From Bio to Nano: A Review of Sustainable Methods of Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12104115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the up-to-date techniques devised to synthesize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from liquid or solid precursors of sustainable nature. The possibility to replace petroleum-based feeds for renewable resources such as essential oils or plant shoots is critically examined. The analysis shows that the complex nature of such resources requires the optimization of the reaction conditions to obtain products of desired microstructure and chemical composition. However, appropriate tuning of the process parameters enables the synthesis of even high-purity single-walled CNTs with a spectrum of demonstrated high-performance applications at low cost. The sheer number of successful studies completed on this front so far and described herein validate that the development of techniques for the manufacture of such products of high-added value from common precursors is not only possible but, most importantly, promising.
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11
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Ghai V, Singh H, Agnihotri PK. Near perfect thin film flexible broadband optical absorber with high thermal/electrical conductivity. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viney Ghai
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Ropar Rupnagar 140001 Punjab India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Ropar Rupnagar 140001 Punjab India
| | - Prabhat K. Agnihotri
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Ropar Rupnagar 140001 Punjab India
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Lenz K, Narkowicz R, Wagner K, Reiche CF, Körner J, Schneider T, Kákay A, Schultheiss H, Weissker U, Wolf D, Suter D, Büchner B, Fassbender J, Mühl T, Lindner J. Magnetization Dynamics of an Individual Single-Crystalline Fe-Filled Carbon Nanotube. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1904315. [PMID: 31709700 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201904315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The magnetization dynamics of individual Fe-filled multiwall carbon-nanotubes (FeCNT), grown by chemical vapor deposition, are investigated by microresonator ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and Brillouin light scattering (BLS) microscopy and corroborated by micromagnetic simulations. Currently, only static magnetometry measurements are available. They suggest that the FeCNTs consist of a single-crystalline Fe nanowire throughout the length. The number and structure of the FMR lines and the abrupt decay of the spin-wave transport seen in BLS indicate, however, that the Fe filling is not a single straight piece along the length. Therefore, a stepwise cutting procedure is applied in order to investigate the evolution of the ferromagnetic resonance lines as a function of the nanowire length. The results show that the FeCNT is indeed not homogeneous along the full length but is built from 300 to 400 nm long single-crystalline segments. These segments consist of magnetically high quality Fe nanowires with almost the bulk values of Fe and with a similar small damping in relation to thin films, promoting FeCNTs as appealing candidates for spin-wave transport in magnonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Lenz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ryszard Narkowicz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Wagner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christopher F Reiche
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Körner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Schneider
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Institute of Physics, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Attila Kákay
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Helmut Schultheiss
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Physics of Solids, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 16, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uhland Weissker
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Transfer Office, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 9, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Suter
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Physics of Solids, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 16, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Transport and Devices of Emergent Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Fassbender
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Physics of Solids, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 16, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Mühl
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Transport and Devices of Emergent Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lindner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
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Karatutlu A, Boi FS, Wilson RM, Ersoy O, Ortac B, Sapelkin A. A Bean-Like Formation of Germanium Nanoparticles Inside CNTs by the Subsequent Operation of Colloidal Synthesis and Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition Methods. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201800123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Karatutlu
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology and UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Filippo S. Boi
- College of Physical Science and Technology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Rory M. Wilson
- School of Engineering and Material Science; Queen Mary University of London; London E1 4NS UK
| | - Osman Ersoy
- Centre for Condensed Matter and Materials Physics; School of Physics and Astronomy; Queen Mary University of London; London E1 4NS UK
| | - Bulend Ortac
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology and UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Andrei Sapelkin
- Centre for Condensed Matter and Materials Physics; School of Physics and Astronomy; Queen Mary University of London; London E1 4NS UK
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14
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Kumar R, Sahoo B. One-step pyrolytic synthesis and growth mechanism of core–shell type Fe/Fe3C-graphite nanoparticles-embedded carbon globules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Kumar R, Sahoo B. Carbon nanotubes or carbon globules: Optimization of the pyrolytic synthesis parameters and study of the magnetic properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Carbon-Based Nanomaterials from Biopolymer Lignin via Catalytic Thermal Treatment at 700 to 1000 °C. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020183. [PMID: 30966219 PMCID: PMC6415029 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the preparation of carbon-based nanomaterials from biopolymer kraft lignin via an iron catalytic thermal treatment process. Both the carbonaceous gases and amorphous carbon (AC) from lignin thermal decomposition were found to have participated in the formation of graphitic-carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (GCEINs). GCEINs originating from carbonaceous gases have thick-walled graphitic-carbon layers (10 to 50) and form at a temperature of 700 °C. By contrast, GCEINs from AC usually have thin-walled graphitic-carbon layers (1 to 3) and form at a temperature of at least 800 °C. Iron catalyst nanoparticles started their phase transition from α-Fe to γ-Fe at 700 °C, and then from γ-Fe to Fe3C at 1000 °C. Furthermore, we derived a formula to calculate the maximum number of graphitic-carbon layers formed on iron nanoparticles via the AC dissolution-precipitation mechanism.
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17
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Bondino F, Magnano E, Ciancio R, Castellarin Cudia C, Barla A, Carlino E, Yakhou-Harris F, Rupesinghe N, Cepek C. Stable Fe nanomagnets encapsulated inside vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:32079-32085. [PMID: 29182175 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05181f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined sized (5-10 nm) metallic iron nanoparticles (NPs) with body-centered cubic structure encapsulated inside the tip of millimeter-long vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) of uniform length have been investigated with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and soft X-ray spectroscopy techniques. Surface-sensitive and chemically-selective measurements have been used to evaluate the magnetic properties of the encapsulated NPs. The encapsulated Fe NPs display magnetic remanence up to room temperature, low coercivity, high chemical stability and no significant anisotropy. Our surface-sensitive measurements combined with the specific morphology of the studied VACNTs allow us to pinpoint the contribution of the surface oxidized or hydroxidized iron catalysts present at the VACNT-substrate interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bondino
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park, S.S.14, Km. 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
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18
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Hoecker C, Smail F, Pick M, Weller L, Boies AM. The Dependence of CNT Aerogel Synthesis on Sulfur-driven Catalyst Nucleation Processes and a Critical Catalyst Particle Mass Concentration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14519. [PMID: 29109427 PMCID: PMC5673953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD) process permits macro-scale assembly of nanoscale materials, enabling continuous production of carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogels. Despite the intensive research in the field, fundamental uncertainties remain regarding how catalyst particle dynamics within the system influence the CNT aerogel formation, thus limiting effective scale-up. While aerogel formation in FC-CVD reactors requires a catalyst (typically iron, Fe) and a promotor (typically sulfur, S), their synergistic roles are not fully understood. This paper presents a paradigm shift in the understanding of the role of S in the process with new experimental studies identifying that S lowers the nucleation barrier of the catalyst nanoparticles. Furthermore, CNT aerogel formation requires a critical threshold of FexCy > 160 mg/m3, but is surprisingly independent of the initial catalyst diameter or number concentration. The robustness of the critical catalyst mass concentration principle is proved further by producing CNTs using alternative catalyst systems; Fe nanoparticles from a plasma spark generator and cobaltocene and nickelocene precursors. This finding provides evidence that low-cost and high throughput CNT aerogel routes may be achieved by decoupled and enhanced catalyst production and control, opening up new possibilities for large-scale CNT synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hoecker
- University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Smail
- University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Pick
- Q-Flo Limited, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GF, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Weller
- University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Adam M Boies
- University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom.
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19
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Samadishadlou M, Farshbaf M, Annabi N, Kavetskyy T, Khalilov R, Saghfi S, Akbarzadeh A, Mousavi S. Magnetic carbon nanotubes: preparation, physical properties, and applications in biomedicine. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:1314-1330. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1389746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Samadishadlou
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Material Science and Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Farshbaf
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taras Kavetskyy
- Joint Ukrainian-Azerbaijan International Research and Education Center of Nanobiotechnology and Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych Ukraine & Baku, Azerbaijan
- Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Joint Ukrainian-Azerbaijan International Research and Education Center of Nanobiotechnology and Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych Ukraine & Baku, Azerbaijan
- Institute of Radiation Problems of NAS Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Siamak Saghfi
- Joint Ukrainian-Azerbaijan International Research and Education Center of Nanobiotechnology and Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych Ukraine & Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mousavi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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González-Domínguez E, Iturrioz-Rodríguez N, Padín-González E, Villegas J, García-Hevia L, Pérez-Lorenzo M, Parak WJ, Correa-Duarte MA, Fanarraga ML. Carbon nanotubes gathered onto silica particles lose their biomimetic properties with the cytoskeleton becoming biocompatible. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6317-6328. [PMID: 28919736 PMCID: PMC5587187 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s141794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are likely to transform the therapeutic and diagnostic fields in biomedicine during the coming years. However, the fragmented vision of their side effects and toxicity in humans has proscribed their use as nanomedicines. Most studies agree that biocompatibility depends on the state of aggregation/dispersion of CNTs under physiological conditions, but conclusions are confusing so far. This study designs an experimental setup to investigate the cytotoxic effect of individualized multiwalled CNTs compared to that of identical nanotubes assembled on submicrometric structures. Our results demonstrate how CNT cytotoxicity is directly dependent on the nanotube dispersion at a given dosage. When CNTs are gathered onto silica templates, they do not interfere with cell proliferation or survival becoming highly compatible. These results support the hypothesis that CNT cytotoxicity is due to the biomimetics of these nanomaterials with the intracellular nanofilaments. These findings provide major clues for the development of innocuous CNT-containing nanodevices and nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena González-Domínguez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), Southern Galicia Institute of Health Research (IISSG), Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan Villegas
- Nanomedicine Group, Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Moisés Pérez-Lorenzo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), Southern Galicia Institute of Health Research (IISSG), Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Department of Physics, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Miguel A Correa-Duarte
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), Southern Galicia Institute of Health Research (IISSG), Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
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21
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Green and facile approach for enhancing the inherent magnetic properties of carbon nanotubes for water treatment applications. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180636. [PMID: 28708835 PMCID: PMC5510820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Current methods for preparing magnetic composites with carbon nanotubes (MCNT) commonly include extensive use of treatment with strong acids and result in massive losses of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In this study we explore the potential of taking advantage of the inherent magnetic properties associated with the metal (alloy or oxide) incorporated in CNTs during their production. The as-received CNTs are refined by applying a permanent magnet to a suspension of CNTs to separate the high-magnetic fraction; the low-magnetic fraction is discarded with the solvent. The collected MCNTs were characterized by a suite of 10 diffraction and spectroscopic techniques. A key discovery is that metallic nano-clusters of Fe and/or Ni located in the interior cavities of the nanotubes give MCNTs their ferromagnetic character. After refinement using our method, the MCNTs show saturation magnetizations up to 10 times that of the as-received materials. In addition, we demonstrate the ability of these MCNTs to repeatedly remove atrazine from water in a cycle of dispersion into a water sample, adsorption of the atrazine onto the MCNTs, collection by magnetic attraction and regeneration by ethanol. The resulting MCNTs show high adsorption capacities (> 40 mg-atrazine/g), high magnetic response, and straightforward regeneration. The method presented here is simpler, faster, and substantially reduces chemical waste relative to current techniques and the resulting MCNTs are promising adsorbents for organic/chemical contaminants in environmental waters.
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22
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Zhu J, Liu D, Wang J, Yi H, Wang S, Wen J, Willis MAC, Hou Y, Borowiec J, Boi FS. Enhanced magnetization in unusual carbon-nanotube/carbon-foam cm-scale hybrid-buckypaper films with high α-Fe filling-ratio. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02669b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of novel and unusual α-Fe-filled carbon nanotube (CNT)/carbon foam (CFM) hybrid-buckypaper films via pyrolysis of ferrocene/dichlorobenzene mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Zhu
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - D. Liu
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - J. Wang
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - H. Yi
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - S. Wang
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - J. Wen
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - M. A. C. Willis
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - Y. Hou
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - J. Borowiec
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
| | - F. S. Boi
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu CN
- China
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23
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Boi FS, Hu Y, Wen J. New insights on the dynamics of the γ-Fe/α-Fe phase-transition inside iron-filled carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03144k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges in the field of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is the encapsulation of a single crystalline phase of ferromagnetic α-Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo S. Boi
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yuzhong Hu
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Jiqiu Wen
- Analytical and Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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24
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Hernández-Rivera M, Zaibaq NG, Wilson LJ. Toward carbon nanotube-based imaging agents for the clinic. Biomaterials 2016; 101:229-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Kumari R, Krishnia L, Kumar V, Singh S, Singh HK, Kotnala RK, Juluri RR, Bhatta UM, Satyam PV, Yadav BS, Naqvi Z, Tyagi PK. Fe3C-filled carbon nanotubes: permanent cylindrical nanomagnets possessing exotic magnetic properties. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:4299-4310. [PMID: 26839090 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr09188h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to deduce the confinement effect on the magnetic properties of iron carbide (Fe3C) nanorods filled inside carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and to document any structural phase transitions that can be induced by compressive/tensile stress generated within the nanorod. Enhancement in the magnetic properties of the nanorods is attributed to tensile stress as well as to compression, present in the radial direction and along the nanotube axis, respectively. Finally, the growth of permanent cylindrical nanomagnets has been optimized by applying a field gradient. Besides presenting the growth model of in situ filling, we have also proposed the mechanism of magnetization of the nanotubes. Magnetization along the tube axis has been probed by confirming the pole formation. Fe3C has been selected because of its ease of formation, low TC and incompressibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetu Kumari
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.
| | - Lucky Krishnia
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India. and National Physical Laboratory, Delhi, India
| | - H K Singh
- National Physical Laboratory, Delhi, India
| | | | - R R Juluri
- Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - U M Bhatta
- Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Jakkasandra, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagaram Dist, Karnataka 562 112, India
| | - P V Satyam
- Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - Brajesh S Yadav
- Solid State Physics Laboratory, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Zainab Naqvi
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.
| | - Pawan K Tyagi
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.
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26
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Guo J, Ye Q, Lan M, Wang S, Yu T, Gao F, Hu D, Wang P, He Y, Boi FS, Zhang S, Xiang G. Cl-assisted highly efficient synthesis of FePd3 alloys encapsulated in graphite papers: a two stage CVD approach. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04777g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose an advanced two-stage CVD method which allows the synthesis of very thick deposits of planar rolled-like graphite structures filled with FePd3 alloys as dominant product in the entire reactor.
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27
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Boi FS, Guo J, Lan M, Xiang G, He Y, Wang S, Chen H. In situ encapsulation of Pd crystals inside foam-like carbon films continuously filled with α-Fe: investigating the nucleation of FePd3 alloys. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09983a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A key challenge in the fabrication and encapsulation of FePd alloys inside carbon materials is the achievement of continuous FexPdx filling rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo S. Boi
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Jian Guo
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Mu Lan
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Gang Xiang
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yi He
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Shanling Wang
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Sichuan Normal University
- Chengdu
- China
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28
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Guo J, Lan M, He Y, Hou Y, Zhang X, Zhang S, Wang S, Xiang G, Boi FS. cm-Length free-standing Fe 3C-filled thin graphite-like films and buckypaper-like films with high smoothness. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21014g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the fabrication of cm-length smooth graphitic-films filled with Fe3C particles and of cm-length smooth buckypaper-like films comprising thin walled carbon nanotubes filled with Fe3C nanowires with reflectance in the 450–1000 nm region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Mu Lan
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yi He
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yidong Hou
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Sijie Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Shanling Wang
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Gang Xiang
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Filippo S. Boi
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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29
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Boi FS, Hu Y, Wang S, He Y. Controlling high coercivities in cm-scale buckypapers with unusual stacking of vertically aligned and randomly entangled Fe-filled carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15325a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Boi FS, Guo J, Wang S, He Y, Xiang G, Zhang X, Baxendale M. Fabrication of cm scale buckypapers of horizontally aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes highly filled with Fe3C: the key roles of Cl and Ar-flow rates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4195-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10533a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A key challenge in the fabrication of ferromagnetically filled carbon-nanotube buckypapers in the presence of Cl-radicals is the achievement of a preferential horizontal nanotube-alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo S. Boi
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
- School of Physics and Astronomy Queen Mary University of London
- UK
| | - Jian Guo
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Shanling Wang
- Analytical and Testing Centre Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yi He
- Analytical and Testing Centre Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Gang Xiang
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Mark Baxendale
- School of Physics and Astronomy Queen Mary University of London
- UK
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31
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Pineux F, Marega R, Stopin A, La Torre A, Garcia Y, Devlin E, Michiels C, Khlobystov AN, Bonifazi D. Biotechnological promises of Fe-filled CNTs for cell shepherding and magnetic fluid hyperthermia applications. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:20474-20488. [PMID: 26583487 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04824a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fe-filled carbon nanotubes (Fe@CNTs) recently emerged as an effective class of hybrid nanoparticles for biotechnological applications, such as magnetic cell sorting and magnetic fluid hyperthermia. Aiming at studying the effects of both the Fe loading and the magnetocrystalline characteristics in these applications, we describe herein the preparation of Fe@CNTs containing different Fe phases that, upon functionalization with the antibody Cetuximab (Ctxb), allow the targeting of cancer cells. Our experimental findings reveal that an optimal Ctxb/Fe weight ratio of 1.2 is needed for efficient magnetic cell shepherding, whereas enhanced MFH-induced mortality (70 vs. 15%) can be reached with hybrids enriched in the coercive Fe(3)C phase. These results suggest that a synergistic effect between the Ab loading and the Fe distribution in each nanotube exists, for which the maximum shepherding and hyperthermia effects are observed when higher densities of Fe@CNTs featuring the more coercive phase are interfaced with the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Pineux
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium.
| | - Riccardo Marega
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium.
| | - Antoine Stopin
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium.
| | - Alessandro La Torre
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Yann Garcia
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecules, Solids and Reactivity (IMCN/MOST), Université Catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
| | - Eamonn Devlin
- Institute for Advanced Materials, Physicochemical Processes, Nanotechnology and Microsystems, NCSR 'Demokritos', Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Carine Michiels
- Unité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (URBC) and NARILIS, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Andrei N Khlobystov
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium. and Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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32
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Zhang JC, Tang YJ, Yi Y, Zhou MJ, Ma KF, Wu WD, Wang CY, Zhao Y, Luo BC, Wang Z. Growth Mechanism of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/28/cjcp1502021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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33
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Abstract
Endohedral and exohedral assembly of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) recently gave birth to a large body of new hybrid nanomaterials (MNPs-CNTs) featuring properties that are otherwise not in reach with only the graphitic or metallic cores themselves. These materials feature enhanced magnetically guided motions (rotation and translation), magnetic saturation and coercivity, large surface area, and thermal stability. By guiding the reader through the most significant examples in this Concept paper, we describe how researchers in the field engineered and exploited the synergistic combination of these two types of nanoparticles in a large variety of current and potential applications, such as magnetic fluid hyperthermia therapeutics and in magnetic resonance imaging to name a few.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Stopin
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Florent Pineux
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Riccardo Marega
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium). .,Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste (Italy).
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Guo J, Lan M, Wang S, He Y, Zhang S, Xiang G, Boi FS. Enhanced saturation magnetization in buckypaper-films of thin walled carbon nanostructures filled with Fe3C, FeCo, FeNi, CoNi, Co and Ni crystals: the key role of Cl. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:18159-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02425k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of ultrathin buckypapers comprising carbon nanostructures filled with Fe3C, FeCo, FeNi, CoNi, Co and Ni by pyrolysis of single or combined metallocenes with very low quantities of dichlorobenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Mu Lan
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Shanling Wang
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yi He
- Analytical and Testing Centre
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Sijie Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Gang Xiang
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Filippo S. Boi
- College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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Guo J, He Y, Mu L, Wang S, Weng Z, Xiang G, Boi FS. The role of Br in the selective synthesis of thin-walled carbon-nanotubes with micrometre-length Fe3C-filling, Fe3C tip-filled carbon nanotubes or empty carbon nanotubes by pyrolysis of ferrocene and (6-bromohexyl)ferrocene mixtures. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07494k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an advanced chemical vapour deposition method which allows the synthesis-selection of thin walled carbon nanotubes filled with Fe3C, Fe3C tip-filled nanotubes or of empty nanotubes by addition of (6-bromohexyl)ferrocene to ferrocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Guo
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Y. He
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Lan Mu
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - S. Wang
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Zhichao Weng
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - G. Xiang
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Filippo S. Boi
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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Boi FS, Wilson RM, Mountjoy G, Ibrar M, Baxendale M. Boundary layer chemical vapour synthesis of self-organised ferromagnetically filled radial-carbon-nanotube structures. Faraday Discuss 2014; 173:67-77. [PMID: 25466445 DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00071d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Boundary layer chemical vapour synthesis is a new technique that exploits random fluctuations in the viscous boundary layer between a laminar flow of pyrolysed metallocene vapour and a rough substrate to yield ferromagnetically filled radial-carbon-nanotube structures departing from a core agglomeration of spherical nanocrystals individually encapsulated by graphitic shells. The fluctuations create the thermodynamic conditions for the formation of the central agglomeration in the vapour which subsequently defines the spherically symmetric diffusion gradient that initiates the radial growth. The radial growth is driven by the supply of vapour feedstock by local diffusion gradients created by endothermic graphitic-carbon formation at the vapour-facing tips of the individual nanotubes and is halted by contact with the isothermal substrate. The radial structures are the dominant product and the reaction conditions are self-sustaining. Ferrocene pyrolysis yields three common components in the nanowire encapsulated by multiwall carbon nanotubes, Fe3C, α-Fe, and γ-Fe. Magnetic tuning in this system can be achieved through the magnetocrystalline and shape anisotropies of the encapsulated nanowire. Here we demonstrate proof that alloying of the encapsulated nanowire is an additional approach to tuning of the magnetic properties of these structures by synthesis of radial-carbon-nanotube structures with γ-FeNi encapsulated nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo S Boi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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37
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Martincic M, Tobias G. Filled carbon nanotubes in biomedical imaging and drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:563-81. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.971751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Kawamura G, Muto H, Matsuda A. Hard template synthesis of metal nanowires. Front Chem 2014; 2:104. [PMID: 25453031 PMCID: PMC4233916 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal nanowires (NWs) have attracted much attention because of their high electron conductivity, optical transmittance, and tunable magnetic properties. Metal NWs have been synthesized using soft templates such as surface stabilizing molecules and polymers, and hard templates such as anodic aluminum oxide, mesoporous oxide, carbon nanotubes. NWs prepared from hard templates are composites of metals and the oxide/carbon matrix. Thus, selecting appropriate elements can simplify the production of composite devices. The resulting NWs are immobilized and spatially arranged, as dictated by the ordered porous structure of the template. This avoids the NWs from aggregating, which is common for NWs prepared with soft templates in solution. Herein, the hard template synthesis of metal NWs is reviewed, and the resulting structures, properties and potential applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Kawamura
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Muto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Atsunori Matsuda
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi, Japan
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Boi FS, Mountjoy G, Luklinska Z, Spillane L, Karlsson LS, Wilson RM, Corrias A, Baxendale M. The origin of long-period lattice spacings observed in iron-carbide nanowires encapsulated by multiwall carbon nanotubes. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2013; 19:1298-1302. [PMID: 23816334 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927613001918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Structures comprising single-crystal, iron-carbon-based nanowires encapsulated by multiwall carbon nanotubes self-organize on inert substrates exposed to the products of ferrocene pyrolysis at high temperature. The most commonly observed encapsulated phases are Fe₃C, α-Fe, and γ-Fe. The observation of anomalously long-period lattice spacings in these nanowires has caused confusion since reflections from lattice spacings of ≥ 0.4 nm are kinematically forbidden for Fe₃C, most of the rarely observed, less stable carbides, α-Fe, and g-Fe. Through high-resolution electron microscopy, selective area electron diffraction, and electron energy loss spectroscopy we demonstrate that the observed long-period lattice spacings of 0.49, 0.66, and 0.44 nm correspond to reflections from the (100), (010), and (001) planes of orthorhombic Fe₃C (space group Pnma). Observation of these forbidden reflections results from dynamic scattering of the incident beam as first observed in bulk Fe₃C crystals.With small amounts of beam tilt these reflections can have significant intensities for crystals containing glide planes such as Fe₃C with space groups Pnma or Pbmn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo S Boi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
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Ni–Zn ferrite-loaded superparamagnetic amorphous carbon nanotubes through a facile route. Colloid Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-013-3002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kumar V, Nath G, Kotnala RK, Saxena PS, Srivastava A. Biofunctional magnetic nanotube probe for recognition and separation of specific bacteria from a mixed culture. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42307g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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