1
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Dorlus TA, Roy JK, Leszczynski J. Designing Thiadiazoloquinoxaline-Based Conjugated Polymers for Efficient Organic Photovoltaics: A DFT/TDDFT Study. Molecules 2024; 29:1580. [PMID: 38611860 PMCID: PMC11013080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Clean and renewable energy development is becoming frontier research for future energy resources, as renewable energy offers sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to non-renewable sources such as fossil fuels. Among various renewable energy sources, tremendous progress has been made in converting solar energy to electric energy by developing efficient organic photovoltaics. Organic photovoltaic materials comprising conjugated polymers (CP) with narrow optical energy gaps are promising candidates for developing sustainable sources due to their potentially lower manufacturing costs. Organic semiconductor materials with a high electron affinity are required for many optoelectronic applications. We have designed a series of organic semiconductors comprised of cyclopentadithiophene as a donor and thiadiazoloquinoxaline (TQ) as an acceptor, varying the π-conjugation and TQ-derivatives. We have employed density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) to evaluate the designed CP's optoelectronic properties, such as optical energy gap, dipole moment, and absorption spectra. Our DFT/TDDFT result shows that the energy gap of CPs is lowered and redshifted in the absorption spectra if there is no insertion of conjugation units such as thiophene and selenophene between donor and acceptor. In addition, selenophene shows relatively better redshift behavior compared to thiophene. Our work also provides rational insight into designing donor/acceptor-based CPs for organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A. Dorlus
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA; (T.A.D.); (J.K.R.)
| | - Juganta K. Roy
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA; (T.A.D.); (J.K.R.)
- Clean Energy Materials Modeling Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Physics, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX 79016, USA
| | - Jerzy Leszczynski
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA; (T.A.D.); (J.K.R.)
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2
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Zhang B, Qian BB, Li CT, Li XW, Nie HX, Yu MH, Chang Z. Donor–acceptor systems in metal–organic frameworks: design, construction, and properties. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00588c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this highlight, the development of donor acceptor (D–A) MOF was briefly reviewed and summarized in the aspects of design, construction, and properties. Also, an outlook about the research and potential application of D–A MOF has been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Bin-Bin Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Tai Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Wang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Xiang Nie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Hui Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Ze Chang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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3
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Organic Nanostructured Materials for Sustainable Application in Next Generation Solar Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112311324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Meeting our current energy demands requires a reliable and efficient renewable energy source that will bring balance between power generation and energy consumption. Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs), perovskite solar cells and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are among the next-generation technologies that are progressing as potential sustainable renewable energy sources. Since the discoveries of highly conductive organic charge-transfer compounds in the 1950s, organic semiconductors have captured attention. Organic photovoltaic solar cells possess key characteristics ideal for emerging next-generation technologies such as being nontoxic, abundant, an inexpensive nanomaterial with ease of production, including production under ambient conditions. In this review article, we discuss recent methods developed towards improving the stability and average efficiency of nanostructured materials in OPVs aimed at sustainable agriculture and improve land-use efficiency. A comprehensive overview on developing cost-effective and user-friendly organic solar cells to contribute towards improved environmental stability is provided. We also summarize recent advances in the synthetic methods used to produce nanostructured active absorber layers of OPVs with improved efficiencies to supply the energy required towards ending poverty and protecting the planet.
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4
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Doat O, Barboza BH, Batagin‐Neto A, Bégué D, Hiorns RC. Review: materials and modelling for organic photovoltaic devices. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Doat
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Institut des Science Analytiques et Physico‐Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux, UMR5254 Pau France
| | - Bruno H Barboza
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences, POSMAT Bauru Brazil
| | | | - Didier Bégué
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Institut des Science Analytiques et Physico‐Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux, UMR5254 Pau France
| | - Roger C Hiorns
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Institut des Science Analytiques et Physico‐Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux, UMR5254 Pau France
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5
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Komanduri V, Janpatompong Y, Marcial-Hernandez R, Tate DJ, Turner ML. A sequential ROMP strategy to donor–acceptor di-, tri- and tetra arylenevinylene block copolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01202a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sequential ROMP of electron rich and electron deficient paracyclophanediene monomers gives donor–acceptor di-, tri- and even tetrablock phenylenevinylene coploymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venukrishnan Komanduri
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC), The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yurachat Janpatompong
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC), The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Raymundo Marcial-Hernandez
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC), The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Daniel J. Tate
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC), The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Michael L. Turner
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC), The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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6
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Chiappara C, Campisciano V, Arrabito G, Errico V, Saggio G, Buscarino G, Scopelliti M, Gruttadauria M, Giacalone F, Pignataro B. Bending Sensors Based on Thin Films of Semitransparent Bithiophene‐Fulleropyrrolidine Bisadducts. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2455-2464. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Chiappara
- Department of Physics and Chemistry Emilio Segrè, and INSTM-UdR University of Palermo Building 17, Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Vincenzo Campisciano
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies University of Palermo Building 17, Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Arrabito
- Department of Physics and Chemistry -Emilio Segrè University of Palermo Building 17 Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Vito Errico
- Department of Electronic Engineering University of Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Giovanni Saggio
- Department of Electronic Engineering University of Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Gianpiero Buscarino
- Department of Physics and Chemistry -Emilio Segrè University of Palermo Building 17 Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Michelangelo Scopelliti
- Department of Physics and Chemistry -Emilio Segrè University of Palermo Building 17 Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Michelangelo Gruttadauria
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies University of Palermo Building 17, Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Francesco Giacalone
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies University of Palermo Building 17, Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Bruno Pignataro
- Department of Physics and Chemistry -Emilio Segrè University of Palermo Building 17 Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
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7
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Matsunaga K, Kukai W, Ishizaki M, Kurihara M, Yamamoto S, Mitsuishi M, Yabu H, Nagano S, Matsui J. Formation of Perpendicularly Aligned Sub-10 nm Nanocylinders in Poly( N-dodecylacrylamide- b-ethylene glycol) Block Copolymer Films by Hierarchical Phase Separation. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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8
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Drozdov FV, Luponosov YN, Svidchenko EA, Peregudova SM, Dmitryakov PV, Chvalun SN, Ponomarenko SA. Novel conjugated copolymers with dithienyl and cyclopentadithienyl substituted dicyanoethene acceptor blocks. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical and surface photovoltage study of ambipolar C60-EDOT and C60-Carbazole based conducting polymers. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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End Group Stability of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP)-Synthesized Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide): Perspectives for Diblock Copolymer Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040678. [PMID: 31013945 PMCID: PMC6523552 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the end group stability of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) during the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) process are presented. Polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide was conducted in different solvents using a copper(I) chloride/Me6Tren catalyst complex. The influence of the ATRP solvent as well as the polymer purification process on the end group stability was investigated. For the first time, mass spectrometry results clearly underline the loss of ω end groups via an intramolecular cyclization reaction. Furthermore, an ATRP system based on a copper(I) bromide/Me6Tren catalyst complex was introduced, that showed not only good control over the polymerization process, but also provided the opportunity of block copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide with acrylates and other N-substituted acrylamides. The polymers were characterized using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. Polymer end groups were determined via ESI-TOF mass spectrometry enhanced by ion mobility separation (IMS).
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11
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Xavier S, Narayanan S, Anjali C, Sreekumar K. Theoretical design, synthesis and studies on the solvatochromic behaviour of low band gap phenylenevinylene based copolymers. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Ebata K, Hashimoto Y, Ebara K, Tsukamoto M, Yamamoto S, Mitsuishi M, Nagano S, Matsui J. Molecular-weight dependence of the formation of highly ordered lamellar structures of poly(N-dodecyl acrylamide) by humid annealing. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01660g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Highly oriented lamellar films of poly(N-dodecylacrylamide) with high molecular weights were formed by nanosegregation between alkyl side chains and a water-adsorbed main chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Ebata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560
- Japan
| | - Yuki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560
- Japan
| | - Kohei Ebara
- Faculty of Science
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560
- Japan
| | - Mayu Tsukamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560
- Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamamoto
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8577
- Japan
| | - Masaya Mitsuishi
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8577
- Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Jun Matsui
- Faculty of Science
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560
- Japan
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13
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Baier M, Wöll D, Mecking S. Diffusion of Molecular and Macromolecular Polyolefin Probes in Cylindrical Block Copolymer Structures As Observed by High Temperature Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Baier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Dominik Wöll
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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14
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Parenti F, Tassinari F, Libertini E, Lanzi M, Mucci A. Π-Stacking Signature in NMR Solution Spectra of Thiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:5775-5784. [PMID: 31457836 PMCID: PMC6644458 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Studies on conjugated polymers seldom report on their NMR characterization in solution. This paper shows how NMR experiments, both 1H NMR and routine 2D NMR spectra, can help in gaining a further insight into the aggregation behavior of conjugated polymers and could be used to flank the more employed solid-state NMR and other spectroscopy and microscopy techniques in the understanding of the aggregation processes. NMR spectroscopy allows distinguishing, within the class of poorly solvatochromic conjugated polymers, those highly prone to form π-stacked aggregates from the ones that have a low tendency toward π-stacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Parenti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Emanuela Libertini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Lanzi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Adele Mucci
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- E-mail: (A.M.)
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15
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Ghosh T, Panicker JS, Nair VC. Self-Assembled Organic Materials for Photovoltaic Application. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E112. [PMID: 30970792 PMCID: PMC6431919 DOI: 10.3390/polym9030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic cells based on bulk-heterojunction architecture have been a topic of intense research for the past two decades. Recent reports on power conversion efficiency surpassing 10% suggest these devices are a viable low-cost choice for a range of applications where conventional silicon solar cells are not suitable. Further improvements in efficiency could be achieved with the enhanced interaction between the donor and acceptor components. Effective utilization of supramolecular interactions to tailor and manipulate the communication between the components in the blend is a good strategy towards this end. Literature reports suggest that the long-term stability of organic solar cells, a major hurdle for commercial applications, can also be partially addressed by generating stable supramolecular nanostructures. In this review, we have made an attempt to summarize advances in small molecule, oligomer and polymer based systems, wherein supramolecular interactions such as hydrogen-bonding, pi-pi stacking, and dipole-dipole are explored for realizing stable and efficient bulk-heterojunction solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanwistha Ghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India.
| | - Jayanthy S Panicker
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India.
| | - Vijayakumar C Nair
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India.
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16
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Nübling F, Komber H, Sommer M. All-Conjugated, All-Crystalline Donor–Acceptor Block Copolymers P3HT-b-PNDIT2 via Direct Arylation Polycondensation. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Nübling
- Makromolekulare
Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Sommer
- Makromolekulare
Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburger Institut
für interaktive Materialien und bioinspirierte Technologien, Georges-Koehler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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17
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Hashimoto Y, Sato T, Goto R, Nagao Y, Mitsuishi M, Nagano S, Matsui J. In-plane oriented highly ordered lamellar structure formation of poly(N-dodecylacrylamide) induced by humid annealing. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27994e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly oriented and ordered lamellar polymer film was prepared by simply annealing the poly(N-dodecylacrylamide) film under humid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560
- Japan
| | - Takuma Sato
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560
- Japan
| | - Ryosuke Goto
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Yuki Nagao
- School of Materials Science
- Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Nomi
- Japan
| | - Masaya Mitsuishi
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8577
- Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Jun Matsui
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 990-8560
- Japan
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18
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Kuei B, Gomez ED. Chain conformations and phase behavior of conjugated polymers. SOFT MATTER 2016; 13:49-67. [PMID: 27506183 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00979d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers may play an important role in various emerging optoelectronic applications because they combine the chemical versatility of organic molecules and the flexibility, stretchability and toughness of polymers with semiconducting properties. Nevertheless, in order to achieve the full potential of conjugated polymers, a clear description of how their structure, morphology, and macroscopic properties are interrelated is needed. We propose that the starting point for understanding conjugated polymers includes understanding chain conformations and phase behavior. Efforts to predict and measure the persistence length have significantly refined our intuition of the chain stiffness, and have led to predictions of nematic-to-isotropic transitions. Exploring mixing between conjugated polymers and small molecules or other polymers has demonstrated tremendous advancements in attaining the needed properties for various optoelectronic devices. Current efforts continue to refine our knowledge of chain conformations and phase behavior and the factors that influence these properties, thereby providing opportunities for the development of novel optoelectronic materials based on conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Kuei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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19
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Nanoscale Morphology from Donor–Acceptor Block Copolymers: Formation and Functions. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28338-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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20
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Hufnagel M, Fischer M, Thurn-Albrecht T, Thelakkat M. Influence of Fullerene Grafting Density on Structure, Dynamics, and Charge Transport in P3HT-b-PPC61BM Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hufnagel
- Applied
Functional Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitaetsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Experimental
Polymer Physics Group, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz
3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Thomas Thurn-Albrecht
- Experimental
Polymer Physics Group, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz
3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Mukundan Thelakkat
- Applied
Functional Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitaetsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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21
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Lee Y, Gomez ED. Challenges and Opportunities in the Development of Conjugated Block Copolymers for Photovoltaics. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngmin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Materials Research
Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Enrique D. Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Materials Research
Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Ahmad I, McCarthy JE, Baranov A, Gun'ko YK. Development of Graphene Nano-Platelet Based Counter Electrodes for Solar Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 8:5953-5973. [PMID: 28793544 PMCID: PMC5512664 DOI: 10.3390/ma8095284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphene has been envisaged as a highly promising material for various field emission devices, supercapacitors, photocatalysts, sensors, electroanalytical systems, fuel cells and photovoltaics. The main goal of our work is to develop new Pt and transparent conductive oxide (TCO) free graphene based counter electrodes (CEs) for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). We have prepared new composites which are based on graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) and conductive polymers such as poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). Films of these composites were deposited on non-conductive pristine glass substrates and used as CEs for DSSCs which were fabricated by the "open cell" approach. The electrical conductivity studies have clearly demonstrated that the addition of GNPs into PEDOT:PSS films resulted in a significant increase of the electrical conductivity of the composites. The highest solar energy conversion efficiency was achieved for CEs comprising of GNPs with the highest conductivity (190 S/cm) and n-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) treated PEDOT:PSS in a composite film. The performance of this cell (4.29% efficiency) compares very favorably to a DSSC with a standard commercially available Pt and TCO based CE (4.72% efficiency in the same type of open DSSC) and is a promising replacement material for the conventional Pt and TCO based CE in DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ahmad
- School of Chemistry and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Joseph E McCarthy
- School of Chemistry and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Alexander Baranov
- International Research and Education Centre for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia.
| | - Yurii K Gun'ko
- School of Chemistry and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- International Research and Education Centre for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia.
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Carr O, Gozzi G, Santos LF, Faria RM, Chinaglia DL. Analysis of the electrical and optical properties of PEDOT:PSS/PVA blends for low-cost and high-performance organic electronic and optoelectronic devices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/2053-1613/2/1/015002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sakai A, Péres LO, Caseli L. Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films of Cl-PPV mixed with stearic acid: implication of the morphology on the surface and spectroscopy properties. Colloid Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-014-3477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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