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Gama Cavalcante AL, Dari DN, Izaias da Silva Aires F, Carlos de Castro E, Moreira Dos Santos K, Sousa Dos Santos JC. Advancements in enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanomaterials: toward sustainable industrial applications. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17946-17988. [PMID: 38841394 PMCID: PMC11151160 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02939a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are widely used in biofuels, food, and pharmaceuticals. The immobilization of enzymes on solid supports, particularly magnetic nanomaterials, enhances their stability and catalytic activity. Magnetic nanomaterials are chosen for their versatility, large surface area, and superparamagnetic properties, which allow for easy separation and reuse in industrial processes. Researchers focus on the synthesis of appropriate nanomaterials tailored for specific purposes. Immobilization protocols are predefined and adapted to both enzymes and support requirements for optimal efficiency. This review provides a detailed exploration of the application of magnetic nanomaterials in enzyme immobilization protocols. It covers methods, challenges, advantages, and future perspectives, starting with general aspects of magnetic nanomaterials, their synthesis, and applications as matrices for solid enzyme stabilization. The discussion then delves into existing enzymatic immobilization methods on magnetic nanomaterials, highlighting advantages, challenges, and potential applications. Further sections explore the industrial use of various enzymes immobilized on these materials, the development of enzyme-based bioreactors, and prospects for these biocatalysts. In summary, this review provides a concise comparison of the use of magnetic nanomaterials for enzyme stabilization, highlighting potential industrial applications and contributing to manufacturing optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Luthierre Gama Cavalcante
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará Campus Pici Fortaleza CEP 60455760 CE Brazil
| | - Dayana Nascimento Dari
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira Campus das Auroras Redenção CEP 62790970 CE Brazil
| | - Francisco Izaias da Silva Aires
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira Campus das Auroras Redenção CEP 62790970 CE Brazil
| | - Erico Carlos de Castro
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará Campus Pici Fortaleza CEP 60455760 CE Brazil
| | - Kaiany Moreira Dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira Campus das Auroras Redenção CEP 62790970 CE Brazil
| | - José Cleiton Sousa Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará Campus Pici Fortaleza CEP 60455760 CE Brazil
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira Campus das Auroras Redenção CEP 62790970 CE Brazil
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará Campus do Pici, Bloco 940 Fortaleza CEP 60455760 CE Brazil
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Sakthivel S, Muthusamy K, Thangarajan AP, Thiruvengadam M, Venkidasamy B. Nano-based biofuel production from low-cost lignocellulose biomass: environmental sustainability and economic approach. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024:10.1007/s00449-024-03005-4. [PMID: 38554183 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass offers a promising approach to simultaneously address environmental sustainability and economic viability. This review provides an overview of the environmental and economic implications of integrating nanotechnology into biofuel production from low-cost lignocellulosic biomass. In this review, we highlight the potential benefits and challenges of nano-based biofuel production. Nanomaterials provide opportunities to improve feedstock pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and catalysis, resulting in enhanced process efficiency, lower energy consumption, and reduced environmental impact. Conducting life cycle assessments is crucial for evaluating the overall environmental footprint of biofuel production. An economic perspective that focuses on the cost implications of utilizing nanomaterials in biofuel production is also discussed. A comprehensive understanding of both environmental and economic dimensions is essential to fully harness the potential of nanomaterials in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass and to move towards sustainable future energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Sakthivel
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, 629502, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanthimathi Muthusamy
- Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627412, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Zhang H, Ye YH, Wang Y, Liu JZ, Jiao QC. A Bibliometric Analysis: Current Perspectives and Potential Trends of Enzyme Thermostability from 1991-2022. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1211-1240. [PMID: 37382790 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Thermostability is considered a crucial parameter to evaluate the viability of enzymes in industrial applications. Over the past 31 years, many studies have been reported on the thermostability of enzymes. However, there is no systematic bibliometric analysis of publications on the thermostability of enzymes. In this study, 16,035 publications related to the thermostability of enzymes were searched and collected, showing an increasing annual trend. China contributed the most publications, while the United States had the highest citation count. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules is the most productive journal in the research field. Moreover, Chinese acad sci and Khosro Khajeh are the most active institutions and prolific authors in the field, respectively. Analysis of references with the strongest citation bursts and keyword co-occurrences, magnetic nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks, molecular dynamics, and rational design are current hot spots and significant future research directions. This study is the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis summarizing trends and developments in enzyme thermostability research. Our findings could provide scholars with an understanding of the fundamental knowledge framework of the field and identify recent potential hotspots and research trends that could facilitate the discovery of collaboration opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yun-Hui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jun-Zhong Liu
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, CHINA CO-OP, Nanjing, 211111, China.
| | - Qing-Cai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Inam H, Sprio S, Tavoni M, Abbas Z, Pupilli F, Tampieri A. Magnetic Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Regenerative Medicine and Nanomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2809. [PMID: 38474056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the latest advancements in magnetic hydroxyapatite (mHA) nanoparticles and their potential applications in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine. mHA nanoparticles have gained significant interest over the last few years for their great potential, offering advanced multi-therapeutic strategies because of their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and unique physicochemical features, enabling on-demand activation and control. The most relevant synthetic methods to obtain magnetic apatite-based materials, either in the form of iron-doped HA nanoparticles showing intrinsic magnetic properties or composite/hybrid compounds between HA and superparamagnetic metal oxide nanoparticles, are described as highlighting structure-property correlations. Following this, this review discusses the application of various magnetic hydroxyapatite nanomaterials in bone regeneration and nanomedicine. Finally, novel perspectives are investigated with respect to the ability of mHA nanoparticles to improve nanocarriers with homogeneous structures to promote multifunctional biological applications, such as cell stimulation and instruction, antimicrobial activity, and drug release with on-demand triggering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Inam
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy
- Department of Material Science and Technology, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Marta Tavoni
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy
- Department of Material Science and Technology, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Zahid Abbas
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Pupilli
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy
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Xu C, Tong S, Sun L, Gu X. Cellulase immobilization to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: An all-inclusive review. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121319. [PMID: 37739542 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellulase-mediated lignocellulosic biorefinery plays a crucial role in the production of high-value biofuels and chemicals, with enzymatic hydrolysis being an essential component. The advent of cellulase immobilization has revolutionized this process, significantly enhancing the efficiency, stability, and reusability of cellulase enzymes. This review offers a thorough analysis of the fundamental principles underlying immobilization, encompassing various immobilization approaches such as physical adsorption, covalent binding, entrapment, and cross-linking. Furthermore, it explores a diverse range of carrier materials, including inorganic, organic, and hybrid/composite materials. The review also focuses on emerging approaches like multi-enzyme co-immobilization, oriented immobilization, immobilized enzyme microreactors, and enzyme engineering for immobilization. Additionally, it delves into novel carrier technologies like 3D printing carriers, stimuli-responsive carriers, artificial cellulosomes, and biomimetic carriers. Moreover, the review addresses recent obstacles in cellulase immobilization, including molecular-level immobilization mechanism, diffusion limitations, loss of cellulase activity, cellulase leaching, and considerations of cost-effectiveness and scalability. The knowledge derived from this review is anticipated to catalyze the evolution of more efficient and sustainable biocatalytic systems for lignocellulosic biomass conversion, representing the current state-of-the-art in cellulase immobilization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozhong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
| | - Shanshan Tong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Liqun Sun
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
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Zhang W, Zhang Z, Ji L, Lu Z, Liu R, Nian B, Hu Y. Laccase immobilized on nanocomposites for wastewater pollutants degradation: current status and future prospects. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1513-1531. [PMID: 37458833 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02907-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The bio-enzyme degradation technology is a promising approach to sustainably remove pollution in the water and laccase is one of the most widely used enzymes in this area. Nevertheless, the further industrial application of laccase is limited by low stability, short service, low reusability and high price. The immobilization technology can significantly improve the stability and reusability of enzymes and thus promoting their industrial applications. Nanocomposite materials have been developed and applied in the efficient immobilization of laccase due to their superior physical, chemical, and biological performance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of various nanocomposite immobilization methods for laccase and the consequent changes in enzymatic properties post-immobilization. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the factors that impact laccase immobilization and its water removal efficiency. Furthermore, this review examines the effectiveness of common contaminants' removal mechanisms while summarizing and discussing issues related to laccase immobilization on nanocomposite carriers. This review aims to provide valuable guidance for enhancing laccase immobilization efficiency and enzymatic water pollutant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Liran Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Runtang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Popova V, Poletaeva Y, Chubarov A, Dmitrienko E. pH-Responsible Doxorubicin-Loaded Fe3O4@CaCO3 Nanocomposites for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030771. [PMID: 36986632 PMCID: PMC10053241 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A magnetic nanocomposite (MNC) is an integrated nanoplatform that combines a set of functions of two types of materials. A successful combination can give rise to a completely new material with unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. The magnetic core of MNC provides the possibility of magnetic resonance or magnetic particle imaging, magnetic field-influenced targeted delivery, hyperthermia, and other outstanding applications. Recently, MNC gained attention for external magnetic field-guided specific delivery to cancer tissue. Further, drug loading enhancement, construction stability, and biocompatibility improvement may lead to high progress in the area. Herein, the novel method for nanoscale Fe3O4@CaCO3 composites synthesis was proposed. For the procedure, oleic acid-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with porous CaCO3 using an ion coprecipitation technique. PEG-2000, Tween 20, and DMEM cell media was successfully used as a stabilization agent and template for Fe3O4@CaCO3 synthesis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) data were used for the Fe3O4@CaCO3 MNC’s characterization. To improve the nanocomposite properties, the concentration of the magnetic core was varied, yielding optimal size, polydispersity, and aggregation ability. The resulting Fe3O4@CaCO3 had a size of 135 nm with narrow size distributions, which is suitable for biomedical applications. The stability experiment in various pH, cell media, and fetal bovine serum was also evaluated. The material showed low cytotoxicity and high biocompatibility. An excellent anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) loading of up to 1900 µg/mg (DOX/MNC) was demonstrated. The Fe3O4@CaCO3/DOX displayed high stability at neutral pH and efficient acid-responsive drug release. The series of DOX-loaded Fe3O4@CaCO3 MNCs indicated effective inhibition of Hela and MCF-7 cell lines, and the IC 50 values were calculated. Moreover, 1.5 μg of the DOX-loaded Fe3O4@CaCO3 nanocomposite is sufficient to inhibit 50% of Hela cells, which shows a high prospect for cancer treatment. The stability experiments for DOX-loaded Fe3O4@CaCO3 in human serum albumin solution indicated the drug release due to the formation of a protein corona. The presented experiment showed the “pitfalls” of DOX-loaded nanocomposites and provided step-by-step guidance on efficient, smart, anticancer nanoconstruction fabrication. Thus, the Fe3O4@CaCO3 nanoplatform exhibits good performance in the cancer treatment area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexey Chubarov
- Correspondence: or (A.C.); (E.D.); Tel.: +7-913-763-1420 (A.C.); +7-913-904-1742 (E.D.)
| | - Elena Dmitrienko
- Correspondence: or (A.C.); (E.D.); Tel.: +7-913-763-1420 (A.C.); +7-913-904-1742 (E.D.)
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Li Z, Xue L, Wang P, Ren X, Zhang Y, Wang C, Sun J. Biological Scaffolds Assembled with Magnetic Nanoparticles for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1429. [PMID: 36837058 PMCID: PMC9961196 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are widely used in bone tissue engineering because of their unique physical and chemical properties and their excellent biocompatibility. Under the action of a magnetic field, SPIONs loaded in a biological scaffold can effectively promote osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and so on. SPIONs have very broad application prospects in bone repair, bone reconstruction, bone regeneration, and other fields. In this paper, several methods for forming biological scaffolds via the biological assembly of SPIONs are reviewed, and the specific applications of these biological scaffolds in bone tissue engineering are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, School of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Le Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, School of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, School of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xueqian Ren
- Clinical Medical Engineering Department, The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yunyang Zhang
- Center of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianfei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, School of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Sulman AM, Matveeva VG, Bronstein LM. Cellulase Immobilization on Nanostructured Supports for Biomass Waste Processing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3796. [PMID: 36364572 PMCID: PMC9656580 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanobiocatalysts, i.e., enzymes immobilized on nanostructured supports, received considerable attention because they are potential remedies to overcome shortcomings of traditional biocatalysts, such as low efficiency of mass transfer, instability during catalytic reactions, and possible deactivation. In this short review, we will analyze major aspects of immobilization of cellulase-an enzyme for cellulosic biomass waste processing-on nanostructured supports. Such supports provide high surface areas, increased enzyme loading, and a beneficial environment to enhance cellulase performance and its stability, leading to nanobiocatalysts for obtaining biofuels and value-added chemicals. Here, we will discuss such nanostructured supports as carbon nanotubes, polymer nanoparticles (NPs), nanohydrogels, nanofibers, silica NPs, hierarchical porous materials, magnetic NPs and their nanohybrids, based on publications of the last five years. The use of magnetic NPs is especially favorable due to easy separation and the nanobiocatalyst recovery for a repeated use. This review will discuss methods for cellulase immobilization, morphology of nanostructured supports, multienzyme systems as well as factors influencing the enzyme activity to achieve the highest conversion of cellulosic biowaste into fermentable sugars. We believe this review will allow for an enhanced understanding of such nanobiocatalysts and processes, allowing for the best solutions to major problems of sustainable biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandrina M. Sulman
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina St., 170026 Tver, Russia
| | - Valentina G. Matveeva
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina St., 170026 Tver, Russia
- Regional Technological Centre, Tver State University, Zhelyabova St., 33, 170100 Tver, Russia
| | - Lyudmila M. Bronstein
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80303, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Patra I, H. Mohammed F, Obaid Aldulaimi AK, Abbas khudhair D, Fakri Mustafa Y. A novel and efficient magnetically recoverable copper catalyst [MNPs-guanidine-bis(ethanol)-Cu] for Pd-free Sonogashira coupling reaction. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2116718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Patra
- Department of Chemistry, West Bengal University, Kolkata, India
| | - Faris H. Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, West Bengal University, Kolkata, India
- College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Kareem Obaid Aldulaimi
- Department of Chemistry, West Bengal University, Kolkata, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Dunia Abbas khudhair
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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11
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Hamid A, Zafar A, Liaqat I, Afzal MS, Peng L, Rauf MK, ul Haq I, ur-Rehman A, Ali S, Aftab MN. Effective utilization of magnetic nano-coupled cloned β-xylanase in saccharification process. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6463-6475. [PMID: 35424589 PMCID: PMC8982049 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09275h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-xylanase gene (DCE06_04615) with 1041 bp cloned from Thermotoga naphthophila was expressed into E. coli BL21 DE3. The cloned β-xylanase was covalently bound to iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles coated with silica utilizing carbodiimide. The size of the immobilized MNPs (50 nm) and their binding with β-xylanase were characterized by Fourier-transform electron microscopy (FTIR) (a change in shift particularly from C–O to C–N) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (spherical in shape and 50 nm in diameter). The results showed that enzyme activity (4.5 ± 0.23 U per mL), thermo-stability (90 °C after 4 hours, residual activity of enzyme calculated as 29.89% ± 0.72), pH stability (91% ± 1.91 at pH 7), metal ion stability (57% ± 1.08 increase with Ca2+), reusability (13 times) and storage stability (96 days storage at 4 °C) of the immobilized β-xylanase was effective and superior. The immobilized β-xylanase exhibited maximal enzyme activity at pH 7 and 90 °C. Repeated enzyme assay and saccharification of pretreated rice straw showed that the MNP-enzyme complex exhibited 56% ± 0.76 and 11% ± 0.56 residual activity after 8 times and 13 times repeated usage. The MNP-enzyme complex showed 17.32% and 15.52% saccharification percentage after 1st and 8th time usage respectively. Immobilized β-xylanase exhibited 96% residual activity on 96 days' storage at 4 °C that showed excellent stability. The β-xylanase gene (DCE06_04615) with 1041 bp cloned from Thermotoga naphthophila was expressed into E. coli BL21 DE3.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Attia Hamid
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Zafar
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iram Liaqat
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Afzal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Center, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Ikram ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asad ur-Rehman
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sikander Ali
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nauman Aftab
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
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