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Silva AKA, Souza CRDM, Silva HMD, Jales JT, Gomez LADS, da Silveira EJD, Rocha HAO, Souto JT. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fucan from Spatoglossum schröederi in a Murine Model of Generalized Inflammation Induced by Zymosan. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:557. [PMID: 37999381 PMCID: PMC10672204 DOI: 10.3390/md21110557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucans from marine algae have been the object of many studies that demonstrated a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to verify the protective effects of a fucan extracted from the brown algae Spatoglossum schröederi in animals submitted to a generalized inflammation model induced by zymosan (ZIGI). BALB/c mice were first submitted to zymosan-induced peritonitis to evaluate the treatment dose capable of inhibiting the induced cellular migration in a simple model of inflammation. Mice were treated by the intravenous route with three doses (20, 10, and 5 mg/kg) of our fucan and, 1 h later, were inoculated with an intraperitoneal dose of zymosan (40 mg/kg). Peritoneal exudate was collected 24 h later for the evaluation of leukocyte migration. Doses of the fucan of Spatoglossum schröederi at 20 and 10 mg/kg reduced peritoneal cellular migration and were selected to perform ZIGI experiments. In the ZIGI model, treatment was administered 1 h before and 6 h after the zymosan inoculation (500 mg/kg). Treatments and challenges were administered via intravenous and intraperitoneal routes, respectively. Systemic toxicity was assessed 6 h after inoculation, based on three clinical signs (bristly hair, prostration, and diarrhea). The peritoneal exudate was collected to assess cellular migration and IL-6 levels, while blood samples were collected to determine IL-6, ALT, and AST levels. Liver tissue was collected for histopathological analysis. In another experimental series, weight loss was evaluated for 15 days after zymosan inoculation and fucan treatment. The fucan treatment did not present any effect on ZIGI systemic toxicity; however, a fucan dose of 20 mg/kg was capable of reducing the weight loss in treated mice. The treatment with both doses also reduced the cellular migration and reduced IL-6 levels in peritoneal exudate and serum in doses of 20 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. They also presented a protective effect in the liver, with a reduction in hepatic transaminase levels in both doses of treatment and attenuated histological damage in the liver at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Fucan from S. schröederi presented a promising pharmacological activity upon the murine model of ZIGI, with potential anti-inflammatory and hepatic protective effects, and should be the target of profound and elucidative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Katarina Andrade Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, BR 101, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil; (A.K.A.S.); (C.R.d.M.S.); (H.M.D.S.); (J.T.J.); (L.A.d.S.G.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, EBSERH, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Cássio Ricardo de Medeiros Souza
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, BR 101, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil; (A.K.A.S.); (C.R.d.M.S.); (H.M.D.S.); (J.T.J.); (L.A.d.S.G.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, BR 101, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Hylarina Montenegro Diniz Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, BR 101, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil; (A.K.A.S.); (C.R.d.M.S.); (H.M.D.S.); (J.T.J.); (L.A.d.S.G.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, EBSERH, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Teixeira Jales
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, BR 101, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil; (A.K.A.S.); (C.R.d.M.S.); (H.M.D.S.); (J.T.J.); (L.A.d.S.G.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Lucas Alves de Souza Gomez
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, BR 101, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil; (A.K.A.S.); (C.R.d.M.S.); (H.M.D.S.); (J.T.J.); (L.A.d.S.G.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Ericka Janine Dantas da Silveira
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, 1787, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59056-000, Brazil;
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, BR 101, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil; (A.K.A.S.); (C.R.d.M.S.); (H.M.D.S.); (J.T.J.); (L.A.d.S.G.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Janeusa Trindade Souto
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Salgado Filho, BR 101, Campus Universitario, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil; (A.K.A.S.); (C.R.d.M.S.); (H.M.D.S.); (J.T.J.); (L.A.d.S.G.); (H.A.O.R.)
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Elwakil BH, Hamed MT, Paudel KR. Recent insights of fucoidan probiotic and its effect on gut microbiota. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:556-558. [PMID: 37534219 PMCID: PMC10390892 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bassma H. Elwakil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Moaaz T. Hamed
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
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Portnyagina OY, Ivashkevich DN, Duizen IV, Shevchenko LS, Novikova OD. Effect of Non-Specific Porins from the Outer Membrane of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis on Mice Brain Cortex Tissues. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:142-151. [PMID: 37068878 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
It was found that a single-dose immunization of mice with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis porins OmpF and OmpC causes development of pathological changes in the deep layers of cerebral cortex characterized by dystrophic changes in the cells against the background of the increasing titer of specific antibodies. At the same time, the increased level of caspase-3 expression is observed in the neurons, which indicates induction of proapoptotic signaling pathways. The obtained results indicate potential ability of nonspecific pore-forming proteins of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria to initiate development of degenerative changes in brain cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Yu Portnyagina
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690021, Russia.
| | - Darya N Ivashkevich
- A. V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Inessa V Duizen
- A. V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Ludmila S Shevchenko
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690021, Russia
| | - Olga D Novikova
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690021, Russia
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The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Carrageenan/Echinochrom Complex at Experimental Endotoxemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911702. [PMID: 36233004 PMCID: PMC9570226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory effects of the CRG/Ech complex in LPS-induced endotoxemia were investigated in vivo in mice and in vitro in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. The results indicated that the CRG/Ech complex suppressed the LPS-induced inflammatory response by reducing the production of ROS and NO in the macrophages. Furthermore, the in vivo experiment indicated that the CRG/Ech complex minimized disorders of the physiological and metabolic processes in mice subjected to LPS intoxication and reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the mouse serum. The preventive administration of the CRG/Ech complex to mice prevented endotoxin-induced damage in the mouse model of endotoxemia, increased the mice’s resistance to LPS, and prevented increases in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα). In this work, we showed by the molecular docking that Ech interacted with carrageenan, and that H-donor and H-acceptor bonds are involved in the formation of the complex.
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Singh RP, Bhaiyya R, Khandare K, Tingirikari JMR. Macroalgal dietary glycans: potential source for human gut bacteria and enhancing immune system for better health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1674-1695. [PMID: 33190530 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1845605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae are the diverse group of photosynthetic algae found at the intertidal regions of oceans. Recent advances suggest that macroalgal derived glycans have tremendous potential to maintain gut microbiome and immune system. The human gut bacteria harbor unique arsenals for utilizing a variety of macroalgal glycans, and produce a variety of oligosaccharides in vivo. Those oligosaccharides interact with immune cell receptors, and also are available for microbial fermentation, thus play magnificent roles in balancing the gut homeostasis. However, this area of research is still in infancy condition in term to understand their molecular interactions. For wooing this area, we urge to emphasize more studies on mechanistic level sympathetic of depolymerizing marine dietary glycans by gut bacteria and elucidating molecular aspect of glycans to cell receptors interactions. This will invent new nutraceutical strategies to purposefully manipulate the microbial composition to improve health. Therefore, review focuses on the recent development of mechanistic understanding of human gut bacterial communities for utilizing macroalgal derived glycans. Recent trends of application of glycans in modulating immune system at mechanistic level and their available evidences are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Pal Singh
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Punjab, India
| | - Raja Bhaiyya
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Punjab, India
| | - Kiran Khandare
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Punjab, India
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Ponnan A, Kulanthaiyesu A, Marudhamuthu M, Palanisamy K, Kadarkarai M. Protective effects of fucoidan against 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide provoked genetic damage in mouse bone marrow cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:31760-31766. [PMID: 32504434 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a unique bioactive and dietary polymer enriched mainly in the cell wall matrix of the brown seaweeds. This present study was intended to reveal the antigenotoxicity effect of fucoidan on 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide (4-NQO) induced genetics damage and apoptosis in mice bone marrow cells. The 4-NQO caused genetic damages in the form of chromosome/chromatic breakage was estimated by micronuclei assay whereas apoptosis by annexin-V FITC kit and DNA damage by comet assay kit. In addition, oxidative damage in terms of plasma lipid peroxidation (LPO) and 8-OHdG was also estimated. In the experimental regime, six groups with each in five either sex of mice were used. Fucoidan constituted (50,100,200 mg/kg bwt) by orally for 5 days consequently and on 6th day, 4-NQO was administered (7.5 mg/kg bwt) by i.p. The results clearly show that negative control (H2O) and fucoidan alone constituted mice were not exhibited significant effect on LPO, genetic damages whereas positive control group (4-NQO 7.5 mg/kg bwt, i.p.) showed significant effect on genetic damage by showing increased level of LPO (6.25 vs 1.3 μM MDA), 8-OHdG (12 vs 4%), micronuclei about six-fold, 5-fold of comet, and 4-fold of apoptosis when compared with negative control, 11.6 ± 2.07, 5.00 ± 1.58, and 4.14 ± 0.65 respectively. Fucoidan pretreatment significantly protected the 4-NQO-induced genetic damage by 77% decreased level of micronuclei and 96% comet at dose of 200 mg/kg bwt over the positive control whereas LPO, 8-OHdG, and apoptosis were restored as equal to negative control. This study found as fucoidan possessing significant antigenotoxicity property by protecting 4-NQO-induced genetic damage in mice bone marrow cells as dose dependent manner suggest as valuable food supplements and medicine for mankind from environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Ponnan
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Science, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India.
| | - Arunkumar Kulanthaiyesu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671 320, India
| | - Murugan Marudhamuthu
- Department of Microbial Technology, School of Biological Science, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 021, India
| | - Kamalakkannan Palanisamy
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India
| | - Murugan Kadarkarai
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Science, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India
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Yermak IM, Volod’ko AV, Khasina EI, Davydova VN, Chusovitin EA, Goroshko DL, Kravchenko AO, Solov’eva TF, Maleev VV. Inhibitory Effects of Carrageenans on Endotoxin-Induced Inflammation. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E248. [PMID: 32397584 PMCID: PMC7281451 DOI: 10.3390/md18050248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of carrageenans (CRGs) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation in a mouse model of endotoxemia and in complex therapy of patients with enteric infections of Salmonella etiology were studied. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) examination of LPS and its mixture with CRGs showed that the LPS morphology is significantly changed under the action of κ- and κ/β-CRGs. CRGs were able to increase the synthesis of anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 (IL-10) in vitro, and, at low concentrations, their activity in the mixture with LPS was higher. The protective effect of CRGs against Escherichia coli LPS was studied in vivo by monitoring the biochemical and pathomorphological parameters. The κ- and κ/β-CRGs and food supplement "Carrageenan-FE" increased the nonspecific resistance of mice to E. coli LPS at the expense of the inhibition of processes of thymus involution, adrenals hypertrophy, thyroid atrophy, hypercorticoidism, glycogenolysis, and lactate acidosis. The estimation of the therapeutic action of food supplement Carrageenan-FE in complex therapy of patients with enteric infections of Salmonella etiology is given. Carrageenan-FE restores the system of hemostasis and corrects some biochemical indicators and parameters in the immune systems of patients. These results allow us to hope for the practical application of CRGs for lowering the endotoxemia level in patients under the development of the infectious process caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina M. Yermak
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.N.D.); (A.O.K.); (T.F.S.)
| | - Aleksandra V. Volod’ko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.N.D.); (A.O.K.); (T.F.S.)
| | - Eleonora I. Khasina
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia;
| | - Viktoriya N. Davydova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.N.D.); (A.O.K.); (T.F.S.)
| | - Evgeniy A. Chusovitin
- Institute for Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Radio St., Vladivostok 690041, Russia; (E.A.C.); (D.L.G.)
| | - Dmitry L. Goroshko
- Institute for Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Radio St., Vladivostok 690041, Russia; (E.A.C.); (D.L.G.)
- Far Eastern Federal University, 8 Sukhanova St., Vladivostok 690950, Russia
| | - Anna O. Kravchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.N.D.); (A.O.K.); (T.F.S.)
| | - Tamara F. Solov’eva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.N.D.); (A.O.K.); (T.F.S.)
| | - Victor V. Maleev
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, 3a, Novogireyevskaya St., Moscow 111123, Russia;
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Fucose Ameliorates Tryptophan Metabolism and Behavioral Abnormalities in a Mouse Model of Chronic Colitis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020445. [PMID: 32053891 PMCID: PMC7071335 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that intestinal mucosa homeostasis impacts immunity, metabolism, the Central Nervous System (CNS), and behavior. Here, we investigated the effect of the monosaccharide fucose on inflammation, metabolism, intestinal microbiota, and social behavior in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis mouse model. Our data show that chronic colitis is accompanied by the decrease of the serum tryptophan level and the depletion of the intestinal microbiota, specifically tryptophan-producing E. coli and Bifidobacterium. These changes are associated with defects in the male mouse social behavior such as a lack of preference towards female bedding in an odor preference test. The addition of fucose to the test animals' diet altered the bacterial community, increased the abundance of tryptophan-producing E. coli, normalized blood tryptophan levels, and ameliorated social behavior deficits. At the same time, we observed no ameliorating effect of fucose on colon morphology and colitis. Our results suggest a possible mechanism by which intestinal inflammation affects social behavior in male mice. We propose fucose as a promising prebiotic, since it creates a favorable environment for the beneficial bacteria that promote normalization of serum tryptophan level and amelioration of the behavioral abnormalities in the odor preference test.
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Zhu B, Ni F, Xiong Q, Yao Z. Marine oligosaccharides originated from seaweeds: Source, preparation, structure, physiological activity and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:60-74. [PMID: 31968996 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1716207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine polysaccharides originated from seaweeds, including agar, alginate, carrageenan, and fucoidan, possess various kinds of physiological activities and have been widely used in food, agricultural and medical areas. However, the application has been greatly limited by their poor solubility and low bioavailability. Thus marine oligosaccharides, as the degradation products of those polysaccharides, have drawn increasing attentions due to their obvious biological activities, good solubility and excellent bioavailability. This review will summarize the recent advances on the source, molecular structure and physiological activity of marine oligosaccharides, emphasizing their application as functional food additives. Furthermore, the relationship between the structure and the physiological activity of marine oligosaccharides is also elucidated and highlighted. The review concludes with an outlook toward potential applications for preparing the functional oligosaccharides in food biotechnology and agriculture fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Fang Ni
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Qiang Xiong
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
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Rohwer K, Neupane S, Bittkau KS, Pérez MG, Dörschmann P, Roider J, Alban S, Klettner A. Effects of Crude Fucus distichus Subspecies evanescens Fucoidan Extract on Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells-Implications for Use in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E538. [PMID: 31527536 PMCID: PMC6780902 DOI: 10.3390/md17090538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan extracts may have beneficial effects in age-related macular degeneration(AMD). Over-the-counter fucoidan preparations are generally undefined, crude extracts. In thisstudy, we investigated the effect of a crude fucoidan extract from Fucus distichus subspeciesevanescens (Fe) on the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Fe extract was investigated for chemicalcomposition and molar mass. It was tested in primary RPE and RPE cell line ARPE19. Oxidativestress was induced with tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cell viability evaluated with MTT assay, VEGFsecretion assessed in ELISA. Phagocytosis was evaluated in a fluorescence microscopic assay.Wound healing ability was tested in a scratch assay. Additionally, the inhibition of elastase andcomplement system by Fe extract was studied. The Fe extract contained about 61.9% fucose andhigh amounts of uronic acids (26.2%). The sulfate content was not as high as expected (6.9%). It wasnot toxic and not protective against oxidative stress. However, Fe extract was able to reduce VEGFsecretion in ARPE19. Phagocytosis was also reduced. Concerning wound healing, a delay could beobserved in higher concentrations. While some beneficial effects could be found, it seems tointerfere with RPE function, which may reduce its beneficial effects in AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Rohwer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.R.); (P.D.); (J.R.)
| | - Sandesh Neupane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (S.N.); (K.S.B.); (M.G.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Kaya Saskia Bittkau
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (S.N.); (K.S.B.); (M.G.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Mayra Galarza Pérez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (S.N.); (K.S.B.); (M.G.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Philipp Dörschmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.R.); (P.D.); (J.R.)
| | - Johann Roider
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.R.); (P.D.); (J.R.)
| | - Susanne Alban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (S.N.); (K.S.B.); (M.G.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Alexa Klettner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.R.); (P.D.); (J.R.)
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11
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Zhang W, Okimura T, Oda T, Jin JO. Ascophyllan Induces Activation of Natural Killer Cells in Mice In Vivo and In Vitro. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E197. [PMID: 30925723 PMCID: PMC6521296 DOI: 10.3390/md17040197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural marine polysaccharides have demonstrated immune stimulatory effects in both mice and humans. Our previous study compared the ability of ascophyllan and fucoidan to activate human and mouse dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we further examined the effect of ascophyllan on the activation of mouse natural killer (NK) cells in vivo and in vitro and compared it to that of fucoidan, a well-studied natural marine polysaccharide. Specifically, administration of ascophyllan to C57BL/6 mice increased the number of NK cells in the spleen when compared to the number in PBS-treated mice. Moreover, the number of IFN-γ-producing NK cells and expression of CD69 were markedly upregulated by ascophyllan treatment. Ascophyllan treatment also induced IFN-γ production and CD69 upregulation in isolated NK cells, but did not promote cell proliferation. Finally, ascophyllan treatment increased the cytotoxicity of NK cells against Yac-1 cells. The effects of ascophyllan on NK cell activation were considerably stronger than those of fucoidan. These data demonstrated that ascophyllan promotes NK cell activation both in mice and in vitro, and its stimulatory effect on NK cells is stronger than that of fucoidan.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Ascophyllum/chemistry
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/cytology
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Polysaccharides/pharmacology
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Takasi Okimura
- Research and Development Division, Hayashikane Sangyo Co., Ltd., Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-8608, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
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12
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Peng Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Luo X, He Y, Song Y. Hypolipidemic effects of sulfated fucoidan from Kjellmaniella crassifolia through modulating the cholesterol and aliphatic metabolic pathways. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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13
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Radioprotective Properties of Neomitilan in Experimental Radiation Pneumonia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 165:40-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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14
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Laminarin promotes anti-cancer immunity by the maturation of dendritic cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38554-38567. [PMID: 28423736 PMCID: PMC5503553 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This research evaluates the effects of laminarin on the maturation of dendritic cells and on the in vivo activation of anti-cancer immunity. In vivo treatment of C56BL/6 mice with laminarin increased the expression levels of co-stimulatory molecules and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in spleen dendritic cells. Laminarin enhanced ovalbumin antigen presentation in spleen dendritic cells and promoted the proliferation of OT-I and OT-II T cells. Laminarin also induced the maturation of dendritic cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes and protected interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α and proliferation of OT-I and OT-II T cells in tumors. The combination treatment of laminarin and ovalbumin inhibited B16-ovallbumin melanoma tumor growth and its liver metastasis by antigen-specific immune activation, including cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation and interferon-γ production. Thus, these data demonstrated the potential of laminarin as a new and useful immune stimulatory molecule for use in cancer immunotherapy.
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15
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Xu L, Kwak M, Zhang W, Zeng L, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide induces toll-like receptor 4 dependent spleen dendritic cell maturation and anti-cancer immunity. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1325981. [PMID: 28811960 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1325981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide (RGP) has shown an activation of immune cells in vitro. However, the immune stimulatory effect of RGP in a mouse in vivo is not well studied. In this study, we examined the effect of RGP on dendritic cell (DC) activation and anticancer immunity in vivo. Treatments of RGP in C56BL/6 mice induced increased levels of co-stimulatory molecule expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in spleen DCs dependent on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and those DCs promoted interferon-gamma (IFNγ) production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. RGP also enhanced ovalbumin (OVA) antigen (Ag)-specific immune activation in tumor-bearing mice, including Ag presentation in DCs, OT-I and OT-II T-cell proliferation, migration of OT-I and OT-II T cells into the B16-OVA tumor, OVA-specific IFNγ production, and the specific killing of OVA-coated splenocytes, which consequently inhibited B16-OVA tumor growth dependent on TLR4 and CD8+ T cells. Finally, the combination of RGP and self-Ag treatment efficiently inhibited CT26 carcinoma and B16 melanoma tumor growth in BLAB/c and C57BL/6 mice, respectively. These data demonstrate that RGP could be a useful adjuvant molecule for immunotherapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.,Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Krizshanovsky SP, Kuznetsova TA, Geltser BI, Zaporozhets TS, Ermakova SP, Besednova NN. FUCOIDAN FROM BROWN ALGAE FUCUS EVANESCENS: NEW PERSPECTIVES IN THE TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.17650/1726-9784-2017-16-1-82-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of the research is the experimental study of the possibility of correction of disorders of lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection (POL-AOP), liver structure on the model of alimentary hyperlipidemia in mice. Materials and methods. Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 160 kDa, derived from brown algae Fucus evanescens. The alimentary hyperlipidemia model was reproduced in mice. The biochemical parameters of lipid metabolism, state of POL-AOP system and the liver structure by MRT were studied. Results. We revealed the ability of fucoidan at per os administration to animals to normalize the key parameters of lipid metabolism, indicators of POL-AOP system, liver anatomic-topographic structure. Conclusion. The ability of fucoidan to correct these parameters allows us to consider it as a basis for the development of new biological medicines for the treatment of atherosclerotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T. A. Kuznetsova
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology; Far Eastern Federal University, School of Biomedicine
| | - B. I. Geltser
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Biomedicine
| | - T. S. Zaporozhets
- Medical Association of Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Science; G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology
| | | | - N. N. Besednova
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology
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17
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Thakur V, Lu J, Roscilli G, Aurisicchio L, Cappelletti M, Pavoni E, White WL, Bedogni B. The natural compound fucoidan from New Zealand Undaria pinnatifida synergizes with the ERBB inhibitor lapatinib enhancing melanoma growth inhibition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17887-17896. [PMID: 28060735 PMCID: PMC5392294 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma remains one of the most aggressive and therapy-resistant cancers. Finding new treatments to improve patient outcomes is an ongoing effort. We previously demonstrated that melanoma relies on the activation of ERBB signaling, specifically of the ERBB3/ERBB2 cascade. Here we show that melanoma tumor growth is inhibited by 60% over controls when treated with lapatinib, a clinically approved inhibitor of ERBB2/EGFR. Importantly, tumor growth is further inhibited to 85% when the natural compound fucoidan from New Zealand U. pinnatifida is integrated into the treatment regimen. Fucoidan not only enhances tumor growth inhibition, it counteracts the morbidity associated with prolonged lapatinib treatment. Fucoidan doubles the cell killing capacity of lapatinib. These effects are associated with a further decrease in AKT and NFκB signaling, two key pathways involved in melanoma cell survival. Importantly, the enhancing cell killing effects of fucoidan can be recapitulated by inhibiting ERBB3 by either a specific shRNA or a novel, selective ERBB3 neutralizing antibody, reiterating the key roles played by this receptor in melanoma. We therefore propose the use of lapatinib or specific ERBB inhibitors, in combination with fucoidan as a new treatment of melanoma that potentiates the effects of the inhibitors while protecting from their potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Thakur
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Bedogni
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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18
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Wang J, Hu S, Jiang W, Song W, Cai L, Wang J. Fucoidan from sea cucumber may improve hepatic inflammatory response and insulin resistance in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 31:15-23. [PMID: 26690975 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition excess-induced inflammation positively contributed to insulin resistance. Fucoidan from sea cucumber can increase glucose translocation in skeletal muscle. However, its effects on inflammation-associated insulin resistance are not understood. We investigated fucoidan from Isostichopus badionotus (Ib-FUC)-alleviated inflammatory response and signaling as well as -improved insulin resistance in the liver of obesity mice. The results showed that Ib-FUC reduced body weight and glucose levels, increased insulin sensitivity, and inhibited serum lipid concentrations. Meanwhile, Hepatic glycogen synthesis was promoted by Ib-FUC via activation of the PI3K/PKB/GSK-3β signaling and regulation of glucose metabolism-related enzymatic activities. Ib-FUC regulated serum inflammatory cytokines and their mRNA expression in the liver. Ib-FUC-induced inactivation of the JNK and IKKβ/NFκB pathways was involved in the activation of insulin signal cascade and inflammatory factor production. These findings suggested that Ib-FUC supplementary-induced alleviation of inflammatory response could be a mechanism responsible for its beneficial effects against hepatic insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Wang
- Innovation Application Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316022, China
| | - Shiwei Hu
- Innovation Application Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316022, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- Innovation Application Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316022, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Wendong Song
- Innovation Application Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316022, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Innovation Application Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316022, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
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19
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Fitton JH, Stringer DN, Karpiniec SS. Therapies from Fucoidan: An Update. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:5920-46. [PMID: 26389927 PMCID: PMC4584361 DOI: 10.3390/md13095920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidans are a class of sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides found in brown marine algae and echinoderms. Fucoidans have an attractive array of bioactivities and potential applications including immune modulation, cancer inhibition, and pathogen inhibition. Research into fucoidan has continued to gain pace over the last few years and point towards potential therapeutic or adjunct roles. The source, extraction, characterization and detection of fucoidan is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Helen Fitton
- Marinova Pty Ltd., 249 Kennedy Drive, Cambridge, Tasmania 7170, Australia.
| | - Damien N Stringer
- Marinova Pty Ltd., 249 Kennedy Drive, Cambridge, Tasmania 7170, Australia.
| | - Samuel S Karpiniec
- Marinova Pty Ltd., 249 Kennedy Drive, Cambridge, Tasmania 7170, Australia.
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20
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Lean QY, Eri RD, Fitton JH, Patel RP, Gueven N. Fucoidan Extracts Ameliorate Acute Colitis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128453. [PMID: 26083103 PMCID: PMC4471193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are an important cause of morbidity and impact significantly on quality of life. Overall, current treatments do not sustain a long-term clinical remission and are associated with adverse effects, which highlight the need for new treatment options. Fucoidans are complex sulphated, fucose-rich polysaccharides, found in edible brown algae and are described as having multiple bioactivities including potent anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of two different fucoidan preparations, fucoidan-polyphenol complex (Maritech Synergy) and depyrogenated fucoidan (DPF) was evaluated in the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) mouse model of acute colitis. Mice were treated once daily over 7 days with fucoidans via oral (Synergy or DPF) or intraperitoneal administration (DPF). Signs and severity of colitis were monitored daily before colons and spleens were collected for macroscopic evaluation, cytokine measurements and histology. Orally administered Synergy and DPF, but not intraperitoneal DPF treatment, significantly ameliorated symptoms of colitis based on retention of body weight, as well as reduced diarrhoea and faecal blood loss, compared to the untreated colitis group. Colon and spleen weight in mice treated with oral fucoidan was also significantly lower, indicating reduced inflammation and oedema. Histological examination of untreated colitis mice confirmed a massive loss of crypt architecture and goblet cells, infiltration of immune cells and oedema, while all aspects of this pathology were alleviated by oral fucoidan. Importantly, in this model, the macroscopic changes induced by oral fucoidan correlated significantly with substantially decreased production of at least 15 pro-inflammatory cytokines by the colon tissue. Overall, oral fucoidan preparations significantly reduce the inflammatory pathology associated with DSS-induced colitis and could therefore represent a novel nutraceutical option for the management of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ying Lean
- Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- University of Technology MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rajaraman D. Eri
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Rahul P. Patel
- Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nuri Gueven
- Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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21
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Besednova NN, Zaporozhets TS, Somova LM, Kuznetsova TA. Review: prospects for the use of extracts and polysaccharides from marine algae to prevent and treat the diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter 2015; 20:89-97. [PMID: 25660579 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori possesses a broad spectrum of pathogenic factors that allow it to survive and colonize the gastric mucosa, and thus, the pathogenetic targets, which have the same diversity, require search for and the development of alternative, effective, and innocuous means for the eradication of H. pylori. In recent years, fucoidans have been extensively studied due to the numerous interesting biological activities, including the anti-adhesive, anti-oxidative, antitoxic, immunomodulatory, anticoagulant, and anti-infection effects. This review summarizes the data on the effects of extracts and sulfated polysaccharides of marine algae, mainly fucoidans, on pathogenic targets in Helicobacter infection. The pathogenetic targets for therapeutic agents after H. pylori infection, such as flagellas, urease, and other enzymes, including adhesins, cytotoxin A (VacA), phospholipase, and L-8, are characterized here. The main target for the sulfated polysaccharides of seaweed is cell receptors of the gastric mucosa. This review presents the published data about the pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effects of polysaccharides on the gastric mucosa. It is known that fucoidan and other sulfated polysaccharides from algae have anti-ulcer effects, prevent the adhesion of H. pylori to, and reduce the formation of biofilm. The authors speculate that the effect of sulfated polysaccharides on the infectious process caused by H. pylori is related to their action on innate and adaptive immunity cells, and also anti-oxidant and antitoxic potential. Presented in the review are materials indicated for the study of extracts and sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed during H. pylori infection, as these compounds are characterized by multimodality actions. Based on the analysis of literary materials in recent years, the authors concluded that fucoidan can be attributed to the generation of new candidates to create drugs intended for the inclusion in the scheme of eradication therapy of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya N Besednova
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
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22
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Kim SP, Nam SH, Friedman M. Rice hull smoke extract protects mice against a Salmonella lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:7753-7759. [PMID: 25068861 DOI: 10.1021/jf501533s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Endotoxemia (sepsis, septic shock) is an inflammatory, virulent disease that results mainly from infection by Gram-negative bacteria. The present study investigates the inhibitory effects of a rice hull smoke extract (RHSE) against murine endotoxemia induced by Salmonella lipopolysaccharide and d-galactosamine (LPS/GalN). Pretreatment of the mice with RHSE via dietary administration for 2 weeks resulted in the suppression (in %) of LPS/GalN-induced catalase by 70.7, superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 54.6, and transaminase (GOT/GPT) liver enzymes by 40.6/62.5, the amelioration of necrotic liver lesions, and the reduction of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by 61.1 and nitrite serum level by 83.4, as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme associated with necrotic injury of the lung and kidney by 65.7 and 63.3, respectively. The RHSE also extended the lifespan of the toxemic mice. The results using inflammation biomarkers and from the lifespan studies suggest that the RHSE can protect mice against LPS/GalN-induced liver, lung, and kidney injuries and inflammation by blocking oxidative stress and TNF-α production, thereby increasing the survival of the toxic-shock-induced mice. These beneficial effects and previous studies on the antimicrobial effects against Salmonella Typhimurium in culture and in mice suggest that the smoke extract also has the potential to serve as a new multifunctional resource in human food and animal feeds. Possible mechanisms of the beneficial effects at the cellular and molecular levels and suggested food uses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Phil Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Ajou University , Suwon, 443-749, Republic of Korea
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